(3-dimyristyloxypropyl)(dimethyl)(hydroxyethyl)ammonium profile

(3-dimyristyloxypropyl)(dimethyl)(hydroxyethyl)ammonium is a **cationic lipid**, a type of molecule that has a positively charged head group and a long, hydrophobic tail. This specific lipid is known by the trade name **DOTAP** (**D**ioleoyl**T**ri**M**ethylammonium **A**ceto**P**hosphate).

**Why is DOTAP important for research?**

DOTAP plays a critical role in **gene delivery**, particularly for **non-viral gene therapy**. Here's why:

* **Lipid-based delivery systems:** DOTAP is a key component of **cationic liposomes**, which are tiny vesicles made of lipids that can encapsulate DNA or RNA. These liposomes act as delivery vehicles, transporting genetic material into cells.
* **Interactions with DNA:** DOTAP's positive charge interacts electrostatically with the negatively charged phosphate groups of DNA, forming stable complexes. This helps to protect the DNA from degradation and facilitate its entry into cells.
* **Cellular uptake:** Once the liposome-DNA complex reaches a cell, DOTAP helps the complex fuse with the cell membrane, allowing the genetic material to enter the cell's interior.

**Research Applications:**

DOTAP is used in various research areas, including:

* **Gene therapy:** DOTAP-based liposomes are used to deliver genes for treating genetic disorders, cancers, and infectious diseases.
* **Vaccines:** DOTAP can be incorporated into vaccines to enhance the delivery of antigens and stimulate immune responses.
* **Drug delivery:** DOTAP can be used to deliver therapeutic drugs to specific cells or tissues.
* **Bioimaging:** DOTAP-labeled molecules can be used to track the distribution of genetic material or other substances in cells and tissues.

**Advantages of DOTAP:**

* **High transfection efficiency:** DOTAP is known for its ability to deliver genetic material into cells effectively.
* **Versatility:** DOTAP can be used in various delivery systems and for a wide range of applications.
* **Biocompatibility:** DOTAP is generally well-tolerated by cells and organisms.

**Limitations of DOTAP:**

* **Toxicity:** While generally well-tolerated, DOTAP can cause some toxicity at high concentrations.
* **Limited stability:** DOTAP-based liposomes can be unstable in some formulations.
* **Off-target delivery:** DOTAP can sometimes deliver genetic material to unintended cells or tissues.

**Conclusion:**

DOTAP is a crucial molecule in non-viral gene delivery, enabling the effective transport of genetic material into cells for therapeutic and research purposes. It is an essential tool in advancing gene therapy and other biomedical fields. Ongoing research continues to optimize DOTAP-based delivery systems and explore its potential for a wide range of applications.

(3-dimyristyloxypropyl)(dimethyl)(hydroxyethyl)ammonium: a cationic lipid; RN refers to bromide salt [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	122191
SCHEMBL ID	51215
MeSH ID	M0231206

Synonym
dmrie
pj9gnx9bop ,
dimyristyloxypropyl-3-dimethyl-hydroxyethyl ammonium
153312-64-2
unii-pj9gnx9bop
1-propanaminium, n-(2-hydroxyethyl)-n,n-dimethyl-2,3-bis(tetradecyloxy)-, bromide
(3-dimyristyloxypropyl)(dimethyl)(hydroxyethyl)ammonium
n-(2-hydroxyethyl)-n,n-dimethyl-2,3-bis(tetradecyloxy)-1-propanaminium bromide
SCHEMBL51215
1-propanaminium, n-(2-hydroxyethyl)-n,n-dimethyl-2,3-bis(tetradecyloxy)-, bromide (1:1)
dmrie-br
dmrie br
n-(2-hydroxyethyl)-n,n-dimethyl-2,3-bis(tetradecyloxy)-1-propaniminium bromide
(+/-)-n-(2-hydroxyethyl)-n,n-dimethyl-2,3-bis(tetradecyloxy)-1-propaniminium bromide
(+/-)-n-(2-hydroxyethyl)-n,n-dimethyl-2,3-bis(tetradecyloxy)-1-propanaminium bromide
WALUVDCNGPQPOD-UHFFFAOYSA-M
DTXSID30934728
n-(2-hydroxyethyl)-n,n-dimethyl-2,3-bis(tetradecyloxy)propan-1-aminium bromide
Q27286590
2,3-di(tetradecoxy)propyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)-dimethylazanium;bromide

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The toxic effect of cationic liposomes was very limited with uninfected cells, although concentrations of liposomes that were not toxic within a few days of treatment could cause toxicity at later times."	( Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection increases the sensitivity of macrophages and THP-1 cells to cytotoxicity by cationic liposomes. Düzgüneş, N; Felgner, PL; Konopka, K; Pretzer, E, 1996)	0.29

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	27 (54.00)	18.2507
2000's	22 (44.00)	29.6817
2010's	1 (2.00)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	3 (5.77%)	5.53%
Reviews	4 (7.69%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	45 (86.54%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.	1.98	1	0	halide anion; monoatomic chlorine	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
glycine [no description available]	2.01	1	0	alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid	EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; micronutrient; neurotransmitter; NMDA receptor agonist; nutraceutical
spermine [no description available]	3.25	6	0	polyazaalkane; tetramine	antioxidant; fundamental metabolite; immunosuppressive agent
ethidium Ethidium: A trypanocidal agent and possible antiviral agent that is widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry. Ethidium has several experimentally useful properties including binding to nucleic acids, noncompetitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and fluorescence among others. It is most commonly used as the bromide.. ethidium : The fluorescent compound widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry to reveal double-stranded DNA and RNA.	1.99	1	0	phenanthridines	fluorochrome; intercalator
1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine: Synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS.	1.99	1	0
tromethamine Tromethamine: An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424)	2	1	0	primary amino compound; triol	buffer
dodecanol Dodecanol: A saturated 12-carbon fatty alcohol obtained from coconut oil fatty acids. It has a floral odor and is used in detergents, lubricating oils, and pharmaceuticals. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). dodecanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of twelve carbon atoms.. dodecan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is dodecane in which a hydrogen from one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group. It is registered for use in apple and pear orchards as a Lepidopteran pheromone/sex attractant, used to disrupt the mating behaviour of certain moths whose larvae destroy crops.	3.08	1	0	dodecanol; primary alcohol	bacterial metabolite; cosmetic; insect attractant; insecticide; pheromone; plant metabolite
didodecyldimethylammonium didodecyldimethylammonium: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.05	1	0
fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.	2.01	1	0	fluorescein isothiocyanate
calcium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous calcium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous: molecular formula CaHPO(4), DCPA=dicalcium phosphate anhydrous; don't confuse with dichloropropionanilide which also is called DCPA; MW=136.06; has greater surface area and lower pH than DCPD (dicalcium phosphate dihydrate); occurs in nature as monetite; an intermediate in preparing hydroxyapatite	2	1	0	calcium phosphate
calcium phosphate, monobasic, anhydrous calcium phosphate, monobasic: MW 234.05	2	1	0	calcium phosphate	fertilizer
tricalcium phosphate tricalcium phosphate: a form of tricalcium phosphate used as bioceramic bone replacement material; see also records for alpha-tricalcium phosphate, beta-tricalcium phosphate, calcium phosphate; apatitic tricalcium phosphate Ca9(HPO4)(PO4)5(OH) is the calcium orthophosphate leading to beta tricalcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 (b-TCP). calcium phosphate : A calcium salt composed of calcium and phosphate/diphosphate ions; present in milk and used for the mineralisation of calcified tissues.	2	1	0	calcium phosphate
fluorine Fluorine: A nonmetallic, diatomic gas that is a trace element and member of the halogen family. It is used in dentistry as fluoride (FLUORIDES) to prevent dental caries.	2.01	1	0	diatomic fluorine; gas molecular entity	NMR chemical shift reference compound
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types.	1.99	1	0	acetate ester; diester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetradecanoate ester	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; mitogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase C agonist; reactive oxygen species generator
idarubicin Idarubicin: An orally administered anthracycline antineoplastic. The compound has shown activity against BREAST NEOPLASMS; LYMPHOMA; and LEUKEMIA.	2.01	1	0	anthracycline antibiotic; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative
aluminum phosphate aluminum phosphate: gel used as immunologic adjuvent; RN given refers to Al salt	2.01	1	0
1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-phosphatidylethanolamine 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-phosphatidylethanolamine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	2.01	1	0
fluorodeoxyglucose f18 Fluorodeoxyglucose F18: The compound is given by intravenous injection to do POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY for the assessment of cerebral and myocardial glucose metabolism in various physiological or pathological states including stroke and myocardial ischemia. It is also employed for the detection of malignant tumors including those of the brain, liver, and thyroid gland. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1162)	1.99	1	0	2-deoxy-2-((18)F)fluoro-D-glucose; 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-aldehydo-D-glucose
deoxyglucose Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen.	1.99	1	0
3beta-(n-(n',n'-dimethylaminoethane)carbamoyl)cholesterol 3-(N-(N',N'-dimethylaminoethane)carbamoyl)cholesterol: used to prepare sonicated liposomes	2.7	3	0
dioctadecylamidoglycylspermine dioctadecylamidoglycylspermine: a lipospermine used to coat DNA to facilitate gene transfer into mammalian primary endocrine cells; structure given in first source	2.01	1	0
calcium pyrophosphate [no description available]	2	1	0
biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.	2.02	1	0	biotins; vitamin B7	coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
aphidicolin Aphidicolin: An antiviral antibiotic produced by Cephalosporium aphidicola and other fungi. It inhibits the growth of eukaryotic cells and certain animal viruses by selectively inhibiting the cellular replication of DNA polymerase II or the viral-induced DNA polymerases. The drug may be useful for controlling excessive cell proliferation in patients with cancer, psoriasis or other dermatitis with little or no adverse effect upon non-multiplying cells.. aphidicolin : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that has an tetradecahydro-8,11a-methanocyclohepta[a]naphthalene skeleton with two hydroxymethyl substituents at positions 4 and 9, two methyl substituents at positions 4 and 11b and two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9. An antibiotic with antiviral and antimitotical properties. Aphidicolin is a reversible inhibitor of eukaryotic nuclear DNA replication.	2.01	1	0	tetracyclic diterpenoid	antimicrobial agent; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; apoptosis inducer; Aspergillus metabolite; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite
1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to (Z,Z)-isomer. dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups are both oleoyl.	2.4	2	0	phosphatidylcholine(1+)
diphenylhexatriene Diphenylhexatriene: A fluorescent compound that emits light only in specific configurations in certain lipid media. It is used as a tool in the study of membrane lipids.	2.02	1	0	alkatriene	fluorochrome
4-heptadecylumbelliferone 4-heptadecylumbelliferone: fluorescence pH indicator	1.99	1	0
1,2-dielaidoylphosphatidylethanolamine 1,2-dielaidoylphosphatidylethanolamine: RN given refers to (E,E)-isomer; member of a class of cationic lipid formulations called cytofectins	5.17	15	0
1,2-dioleoyloxy-3-(trimethylammonium)propane 1,2-dioleoyloxy-3-(trimethylammonium)propane: fluorescent probe for phospholipids; RN & structure given in first source	3.39	7	0
dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine: chemical name in article is incorrect - phosphatidylethandamine instead of phosphatidylethanolamine. dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine : A phosphatidylethanolamine in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups are both oleoyl.	5.99	8	1	phosphatidylethanolamine
n-(1-(2,3-dioleyloxy)propyl)-n,n,n-trimethylammonium chloride N-(1-(2,3-dioleyloxy)propyl)-N,N,N-trimethylammonium: cationic lipid; structure given in first source	4.19	5	0
n-t-butyl-n'-tetradecyl-3-tetradecylaminopropionamidine N-t-butyl-n'-tetradecyl-3-tetradecylaminopropionamidine: an amphiphile that forms hydrophobic stable complexes with plasmid DNA, rendering it resistant to DNase I	1.99	1	0
oligonucleotides [no description available]	2.01	1	0
phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.	2.4	2	0	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
lipofectamine Lipofectamine: mediates gene transfer; a polycationic lipid reagent	4.19	5	0
ganciclovir [no description available]	1.99	1	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine	antiinfective agent; antiviral drug

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	2.06	1	0
Cancer of Prostate [description not available]	3.63	3	0
Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	2.06	1	0
Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.	3.63	3	0
B16 Melanoma [description not available]	2.01	1	0
Cytomegalovirus A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily BETAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting the salivary glands, liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, in which they produce characteristically enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusions. Infection with Cytomegalovirus is also seen as an opportunistic infection in AIDS.	2.4	2	0
Canine Distemper [description not available]	2.01	1	0
Adenocarcinoma Of Kidney [description not available]	6.14	4	3
Cancer of Kidney [description not available]	6.14	4	3
Carcinoma, Renal Cell A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells (sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.	6.14	4	3
Kidney Neoplasms Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.	6.14	4	3
Injuries Used with anatomic headings, animals, and sports for wounds and injuries. Excludes cell damage, for which pathology is used.	2.02	1	0
Wounds and Injuries Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity.	2.02	1	0
Caries, Dental [description not available]	2.02	1	0
Dental Caries Localized destruction of the tooth surface initiated by decalcification of the enamel followed by enzymatic lysis of organic structures and leading to cavity formation. If left unchecked, the cavity may penetrate the enamel and dentin and reach the pulp.	2.02	1	0
Bacillus anthracis Infection [description not available]	2.02	1	0
Anthrax An acute infection caused by the spore-forming bacteria BACILLUS ANTHRACIS. It commonly affects hoofed animals such as sheep and goats. Infection in humans often involves the skin (cutaneous anthrax), the lungs (inhalation anthrax), or the gastrointestinal tract. Anthrax is not contagious and can be treated with antibiotics.	2.02	1	0
Cancer of Lung [description not available]	4.72	2	1
Malignant Melanoma [description not available]	5	3	1
Cancer of Skin [description not available]	5	3	1
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	4.72	2	1
Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)	5	3	1
Skin Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.	5	3	1
Cystic Fibrosis of Pancreas [description not available]	1.98	1	0
Cystic Fibrosis An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.	1.98	1	0
Germinoblastoma [description not available]	1.98	1	0
Lymphoma A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.	1.98	1	0
Benign Neoplasms, Brain [description not available]	2.39	2	0
Glial Cell Tumors [description not available]	1.99	1	0
Brain Neoplasms Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.	2.39	2	0
Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)	1.99	1	0
Astrocytoma, Grade IV [description not available]	1.99	1	0
Glioblastoma A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.	1.99	1	0
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	2	1	0
Sarcoma, Epithelioid [description not available]	3.38	1	1
Sarcoma A connective tissue neoplasm formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells; it is usually highly malignant.	3.38	1	1
Teratocarcinoma A malignant neoplasm consisting of elements of teratoma with those of embryonal carcinoma or choriocarcinoma, or both. It occurs most often in the testis. (Dorland, 27th ed)	2	1	0
Cancer of Ovary [description not available]	2	1	0
Ascites Accumulation or retention of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity.	2	1	0
Ovarian Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.	2	1	0
Cancer of Liver [description not available]	3.39	1	1
Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.	3.39	1	1
Bladder Cancer [description not available]	2	1	0
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.	2	1	0
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	2.91	1	0
Experimental Neoplasms [description not available]	2.91	1	0
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	2.91	1	0
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	2.01	1	0

(3-dimyristyloxypropyl)(dimethyl)(hydroxyethyl)ammonium

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (20)

Research Excerpts

Toxicity

Research

Studies (50)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 10.11

Study Types