Compounds > 8-hydroxyguanosine
Page last updated: 2024-08-04 03:36:33

8-hydroxyguanosine

Description

8-hydroxyguanosine: immunostimulant for B lymphocytes; structure given in first source [MeSH]

8-Hydroxyguanosine : no description available [CHeBI]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID135407175
CHEMBL ID1688964
SCHEMBL ID114651
SCHEMBL ID21814364
CHEBI ID90031
MeSH IDM0134002

Synonyms (33)

Synonym
3868-31-3
8-oxog nucleoside
nsc 90393
purine-6,8(1h,9h)-dione, 2-amino-9-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-
8-oxoguo
8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine
7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanosine
2-amino-9-beta-d-ribofuranosylpurine-6,8(1h,9h)-dione
guanosine, 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-
8-hydroxyguanosine
2-amino-9-[(2r,3r,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-3,7-dihydropurine-6,8-dione
CHEMBL1688964
chebi:90031 ,
ccris 8242
8-hydroxy guanosine
SCHEMBL114651
HMS3649O08
2-amino-9-[(2r,3r,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1h-purine-6,8-dione
AKOS030503205
AKOS030241292
purine-6,8(1h,9h)-dione, 2-amino-9-.beta.-delta-ribofuranosyl- (7ci,8ci)
7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-guanosine
purine-6,8(1h,9h)-dione, 2-amino-9-.beta.-d-ribofuranosyl- (7ci,8ci)
2-amino-9-((2r,3r,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-8-hydroxy-1h-purin-6(9h)-one
HY-113262
CS-0059455
Q4644278
SCHEMBL21814364
SR-01000946627-1
sr-01000946627
2-amino-9-((2r,3r,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-8-hydroxy-1,9-dihydro-6h-purin-6-one
2-amino-9-[(2r,3r,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-1,7-dihydropurine-6,8-dione
PD020632

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
purine nucleoside

Bioassays (9)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID82319Inhibitory activity against cellular replication in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT-) HL-60 cells.1985Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9
ISSN: 0022-2623		8-Substituted guanosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine derivatives as potential inducers of the differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells.
AID584550Cytotoxicity against mouse J774A1 cells2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
ISSN: 1098-6596		Testing nucleoside analogues as inhibitors of Bacillus anthracis spore germination in vitro and in macrophage cell culture.
AID71650Inhibitory activity against cellular replication in Friend erythroleukemia cells as growth inhibition.1985Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9
ISSN: 0022-2623		8-Substituted guanosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine derivatives as potential inducers of the differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells.
AID584547Antibacterial activity against Bacillus anthracis Sterne 34F2 infected in mouse J774A.1 cells assessed as protection against bacteria-induced cytotoxicity using propidium iodide staining after 3 hrs measured every hours for up to 7 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
ISSN: 1098-6596		Testing nucleoside analogues as inhibitors of Bacillus anthracis spore germination in vitro and in macrophage cell culture.
AID584546Inhibition of inosine/L-alanine-induced Bacillus anthracis Sterne 34F2 spore germination pretreated for 15 mins before inosine/L-alanine challenge2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
ISSN: 1098-6596		Testing nucleoside analogues as inhibitors of Bacillus anthracis spore germination in vitro and in macrophage cell culture.
AID584552Increase of Bacillus anthracis Sterne 34F2-induced cytotoxicity in mouse J774A.1 cells using propidium iodide staining measured after 5 hrs infection2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
ISSN: 1098-6596		Testing nucleoside analogues as inhibitors of Bacillus anthracis spore germination in vitro and in macrophage cell culture.
AID71649Inhibitory activity against cellular differentiation in Friend erythroleukemia cells as percentage of benzidine - positive cells.1985Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9
ISSN: 0022-2623		8-Substituted guanosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine derivatives as potential inducers of the differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells.
AID71651Inhibitory activity against cellular differentiation in Friend erythroleukemia cells as optimal concentration required for maximum activity.1985Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9
ISSN: 0022-2623		8-Substituted guanosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine derivatives as potential inducers of the differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells.
AID1347154Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
ISSN: 1091-6490		Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.

Research

Studies (354)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19902 (0.56)18.7374
1990's36 (10.17)18.2507
2000's159 (44.92)29.6817
2010's135 (38.14)24.3611
2020's22 (6.21)2.80

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials15 (4.11%)5.53%
Reviews14 (3.84%)6.00%
Case Studies1 (0.27%)4.05%
Observational2 (0.55%)0.25%
Other333 (91.23%)84.16%
SubstanceStudiesClassesRolesFirst YearLast YearAverage AgeRelationship StrengthTrialspre-19901990's2000's2010'spost-2020
9-xylosyladenine
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
2-[6-(cyclohexylamino)-9-purinyl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
apnea
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
2-chloroadenosine
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
hyaluronoglucosaminidase
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
vidarabine
0
beta-D-arabinoside;
purine nucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
nucleoside antibiotic		00low000000
isoguanosine
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
psicofuranine
0
psicose derivative;
purine nucleoside		00low000000
4-nitrobenzylthioinosine
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
2-aminoadenosine
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
phenylisopropyladenosine
0
aromatic amine;
benzenes;
hydrocarbyladenosine;
purine nucleoside;
secondary amino compound		adenosine A1 receptor agonist;
neuroprotective agent		00low000000
8-bromoadenosine
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
n-allyladenosine
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
adenosine-5'-carboxylic acid
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
n(6)-phenyladenosine
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
1,7-dimethylguanosine
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
8-methyladenosine
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
regadenoson
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
fludarabine
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
6-thioguanosine
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-N-ethyl-3,4-dihydroxy-2-oxolanecarboxamide
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
nelarabine
0
beta-D-arabinoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
purine nucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
prodrug		00low000000
(2R,4R,5R)-2-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
cv 1808
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
n-((1s,trans)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl)adenosine
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
ver 155008
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
8-bromoguanosine
0
purine nucleoside00low000000
9-arabinofuranosylguanine
0
beta-D-arabinoside;
purine nucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor		00low000000
SubstanceStudiesClassesRolesFirst YearLast YearAverage AgeRelationship StrengthTrialspre-19901990's2000's2010'spost-2020
dimethyl sulfoxide
1
sulfoxide;
volatile organic compound		alkylating agent;
antidote;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
MRI contrast agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
polar aprotic solvent;
radical scavenger		1985198539.0low010000
tubercidin
1
antibiotic antifungal agent;
N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine;
ribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite		2010201014.0low000100
methylthioinosine
1
purine ribonucleoside;
thiopurine		2010201014.0low000100
isopentenyladenosine
1
N-ribosyl-N(6)-isopentenyladenine;
nucleoside analogue		antineoplastic agent;
plant growth regulator;
plant metabolite		2010201014.0low000100
adenosine
1
adenosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		analgesic;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
vasodilator agent		2010201014.0low000100
benzylaminopurine
1
6-aminopurinescytokinin;
plant metabolite		2010201014.0low000100
xanthosine
1
purines D-ribonucleoside;
xanthosines		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite		2010201014.0low000100
isoguanosine
1
purine nucleoside2010201014.0high000100
nebularine
1
purine ribonucleoside;
purines D-ribonucleoside		fungal metabolite2010201014.0low000100
D-alanine
1
alanine zwitterion;
alanine;
D-alpha-amino acid		EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite		2010201014.0low000100
2-aminoadenosine
1
purine nucleoside2010201014.0low000100
6-chloropurine riboside
1
2010201014.0low000100
6'-o-methylguanosine
1
2010201014.0low000100
8-aminoadenosine
1
2010201014.0low000100
n-methyladenosine
1
methyladenosine2010201014.0low000100
n(6),n(6)-dimethyladenosine
1
hydrocarbyladenosine2010201014.0low000100
mercaptopurine
1
aryl thiol;
purines;
thiocarbonyl compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent		2010201014.0low000100
thioinosine
1
2010201014.0low000100
2-mercaptobenzimidazole
1
2010201014.0low000100
thiouracil
1
nucleobase analogue;
thiocarbonyl compound		antithyroid drug;
metabolite		2010201014.0low000100
pyrimidine-2-thiol
1
aryl thiol;
pyrimidines		allergen;
corrosion inhibitor		2010201014.0low000100
thioguanine anhydrous
1
2-aminopurinesanticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent		2010201014.0low000100
2-thiopyridine
1
aryl thiol;
pyridines		allergen;
fluorescence quencher		2010201014.0low000100
4-thiopyridine
1
2010201014.0low000100
6-thioguanosine
1
purine nucleoside2010201014.0low000100
2-amino-6-chloropurine
1
2-aminopurines;
organochlorine compound		2010201014.0low000100
6-benzylthioinosine
1
2010201014.0low000100
deoxyguanosine
1
purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside;
purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		1985198539.0low010000
guanosine
2
guanosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		fundamental metabolite1985201026.5low010100
inosine
1
inosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		2010201014.0low000100
ganciclovir
1
2-aminopurines;
oxopurine		antiinfective agent;
antiviral drug		2010201014.0low000100
allopurinol
1
nucleobase analogue;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antimetabolite;
EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor;
gout suppressant;
radical scavenger		2010201014.0low000100
7-deazainosine
1
2010201014.0medium000100
8-bromo-2'-deoxyguanosine
1
guanosines;
organobromine compound		1985198539.0low010000
8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine
1
guanosinesbiomarker1985198539.0low010000
8-thioguanosine
1
1985198539.0low010000
8-bromoguanosine
1
purine nucleoside1985198539.0low010000
8-aminoguanosine
1
1985198539.0low010000
7-methylinosine
1
inosines;
organic cation		metabolite2010201014.0medium000100
SubstanceStudiesClassesRolesFirst YearLast YearAverage AgeRelationship StrengthTrialspre-19901990's2000's2010'spost-2020
aminolevulinic acid
1
4-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
delta-amino acid		antineoplastic agent;
dermatologic drug;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite;
prodrug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		1999199925.0low001000
adenine
10
6-aminopurines;
purine nucleobase		Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		2000202117.6low002521
allantoin
1
imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
ureas		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
vulnerary		2001200123.0low000100
benzene
2
aromatic annulene;
benzenes;
volatile organic compound		carcinogenic agent;
environmental contaminant;
non-polar solvent		2004201514.5low000110
carbamates
3
amino-acid anion2006200717.3low000300
formic acid
1
monocarboxylic acidantibacterial agent;
astringent;
metabolite;
protic solvent;
solvent		2012201212.0low000010
carnitine
1
amino-acid betainehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite		201920195.0low000010
methane
1
alkane;
gas molecular entity;
mononuclear parent hydride;
one-carbon compound		bacterial metabolite;
fossil fuel;
greenhouse gas		201520159.0low000010
oxaluric acid
1
2-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
ureas		Escherichia coli metabolite2001200123.0low000100
creatine
1
glycine derivative;
guanidines;
zwitterion		geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nutraceutical		201720177.0low000010
cytosine
10
aminopyrimidine;
pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		1999202118.6low002611
lactic acid
2
2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acidalgal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite		1993200127.0low001100
dimethyl sulfoxide
1
sulfoxide;
volatile organic compound		alkylating agent;
antidote;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
MRI contrast agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
polar aprotic solvent;
radical scavenger		1998199826.0low001000
hydrogen
2
elemental hydrogen;
elemental molecule;
gas molecular entity		antioxidant;
electron donor;
food packaging gas;
fuel;
human metabolite		2012201411.0low000020
hydroquinone
2
benzenediol;
hydroquinones		antioxidant;
carcinogenic agent;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
skin lightening agent		2004200818.0low000200
iodine
1
diatomic iodinenutrient2009200915.0low000100
melatonin
2
acetamides;
tryptamines		anticonvulsant;
central nervous system depressant;
geroprotector;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunological adjuvant;
mouse metabolite;
radical scavenger		2001201516.0low000110
nickel
1
metal allergen;
nickel group element atom		epitope;
micronutrient		1999199925.0low001000
nitrates
5
monovalent inorganic anion;
nitrogen oxoanion;
reactive nitrogen species		2001201217.8low000410
oxamic acid
1
dicarboxylic acid monoamideEscherichia coli metabolite2001200123.0low000100
phenol
1
phenolsantiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite		2006200618.0low000100
diphosphoric acid
1
acyclic phosphorus acid anhydride;
phosphorus oxoacid		Escherichia coli metabolite2011201113.0low000010
taurine
2
amino sulfonic acid;
zwitterion		antioxidant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
glycine receptor agonist;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutrient;
radical scavenger;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		2002201913.5low000110
thymine
1
pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite		2001200123.0low000100
uracil
4
pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		allergen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
prodrug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		2000201518.2low001210
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
1
methylpyridines;
phenylpyridine;
tetrahydropyridine		neurotoxin2003200321.0low000100
meglutol
1
3-hydroxy carboxylic acid;
dicarboxylic acid;
tertiary alcohol		anticholesteremic drug;
antimetabolite;
EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite		201920195.0low000010
3-nitropropionic acid
2
C-nitro compoundantimycobacterial drug;
EC 1.3.5.1 [succinate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
mycotoxin;
neurotoxin		2003200918.0low000200
5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide
1
1-pyrroline nitronesneuroprotective agent;
spin trapping reagent		1999199925.0low001000
arecoline
1
enoate ester;
methyl ester;
pyridine alkaloid;
tetrahydropyridine		metabolite;
muscarinic agonist		2006200618.0low000100
benzo(a)pyrene
2
ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arenecarcinogenic agent;
mouse metabolite		1999200422.5low001100
candesartan
2
benzimidazolecarboxylic acid;
biphenylyltetrazole		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic		2013201410.5low000020
carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone
1
hydrazone;
monochlorobenzenes;
nitrile		antibacterial agent;
geroprotector;
ionophore		2004200420.0low000100
clofibric acid
1
aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
herbicide;
marine xenobiotic metabolite;
PPARalpha agonist		1993199331.0low001000
deferoxamine
2
acyclic desferrioxaminebacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
iron chelator;
siderophore		1997199826.5low002000
fluorouracil
1
nucleobase analogue;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic		2012201212.0low100010
guanidine
1
carboxamidine;
guanidines;
one-carbon compound		1999199925.0low001000
mesalamine
1
amino acid;
aromatic amine;
monocarboxylic acid;
monohydroxybenzoic acid;
phenols		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug1993199331.0low001000
methomyl
1
aliphatic sulfide;
carbamate ester		acaricide;
agrochemical;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
insecticide;
nematicide;
xenobiotic		1994199430.0low001000
methoxyamine
1
organooxygen compound2002200222.0low000100
methyl methanesulfonate
2
methanesulfonate esteralkylating agent;
apoptosis inducer;
carcinogenic agent;
genotoxin;
mutagen		2004200718.5low000200
molsidomine
1
ethyl ester;
morpholines;
oxadiazole;
zwitterion		antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent		2010201014.0low000100
quinone
1
1,4-benzoquinonescofactor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite		2004200420.0low000100
phenobarbital
1
barbituratesanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
sedative		1993199331.0low001000
pioglitazone
2
aromatic ether;
pyridines;
thiazolidinediones		antidepressant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
insulin-sensitizing drug;
PPARgamma agonist;
xenobiotic		2008201313.5low000110
propidium
1
phenanthridines;
quaternary ammonium ion		fluorochrome;
intercalator		2003200321.0low000100
ro 31-8220
1
imidothiocarbamic ester;
indoles;
maleimides		EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor2003200321.0low000100
carbamylhydrazine
1
carbohydrazide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
one-carbon compound;
ureas		2003200321.0low000100
linsidomine
1
morpholines2010201014.0low000100
sodium iodide
1
inorganic sodium salt;
iodide salt		2006200618.0low000100
trimethoprim
1
aminopyrimidine;
methoxybenzenes		antibacterial drug;
diuretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic		201720177.0low100010
pirinixic acid
1
aryl sulfide;
organochlorine compound;
pyrimidines		1993199331.0low001000
mitomycin
1
mitomycinalkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent		2002200222.0low000100
corticosterone
2
11beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite		2007201314.0low000110
thymidine
4
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite		2002200920.0low000400
thyroxine
1
2-halophenol;
iodophenol;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
thyroxine zwitterion;
thyroxine		antithyroid drug;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone		202120213.0low000001
spironolactone
1
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
oxaspiro compound;
steroid lactone;
thioester		aldosterone antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
diuretic;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic		2014201410.0low000010
aldosterone
1
11beta-hydroxy steroid;
18-oxo steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid hormone;
mineralocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
steroid aldehyde		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite		2014201410.0low000010
diethylnitrosamine
1
nitrosaminecarcinogenic agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
mutagen		201620168.0low000010
carbon tetrachloride
1
chlorocarbon;
chloromethanes		hepatotoxic agent;
refrigerant		2002200222.0low000100
serine
1
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid;
serine zwitterion;
serine		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		2003200321.0low000100
glutamine
1
amino acid zwitterion;
glutamine family amino acid;
glutamine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
polar amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		2000200024.0low001000
lysine
3
aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
lysine;
organic molecular entity;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
anticonvulsant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		2000200521.7low001200
adenosine diphosphate
1
adenosine 5'-phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate		fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite		2011201113.0low000010
uridine
2
uridinesdrug metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite		1991199232.5low002000
bromodeoxyuridine
1
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideantimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent		2002200222.0low000100
edetic acid
1
ethylenediamine derivative;
polyamino carboxylic acid;
tetracarboxylic acid		anticoagulant;
antidote;
chelator;
copper chelator;
geroprotector		1995199529.0low001000
tyrosine
12
amino acid zwitterion;
erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tyrosine		EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical		2000201616.5low101740
methylene blue
2
organic chloride saltacid-base indicator;
antidepressant;
antimalarial;
antimicrobial agent;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor;
fluorochrome;
histological dye;
neuroprotective agent;
physical tracer		1994200126.5low001100
cytidine triphosphate
1
cytidine 5'-phosphate;
pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite		2003200321.0low000100
chloroform
1
chloromethanes;
one-carbon compound		carcinogenic agent;
central nervous system drug;
inhalation anaesthetic;
non-polar solvent;
refrigerant		2006200618.0low000100
arginine
3
arginine;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		biomarker;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical		2000201317.7low001110
isobutyraldehyde
1
2-methyl-branched fatty aldehyde;
propanals		Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite1999199925.0low001000
acrylamide
1
acrylamides;
N-acylammonia;
primary carboxamide		alkylating agent;
carcinogenic agent;
Maillard reaction product;
mutagen;
neurotoxin		201620168.0low000010
penicillin v
1
penicillin allergen;
penicillin		201720177.0low100010
quinoxalines
2
mancude organic heterobicyclic parent;
naphthyridine;
ortho-fused heteroarene		2002201615.0low000110
cyclopentanol
1
cyclopentanols2000200024.0low001000
styrene
2
styrenes;
vinylarene;
volatile organic compound		mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
plant metabolite		201620187.0low000020
glyoxal
1
dialdehydeagrochemical;
allergen;
pesticide;
plant growth regulator		1995199529.0low001000
tetrahydrofuran
3
cyclic ether;
oxolanes;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent;
volatile organic compound		polar aprotic solvent2000201218.7low001110
diethylhexyl phthalate
1
diester;
phthalate ester		androstane receptor agonist;
apoptosis inhibitor;
plasticiser		1993199331.0low001000
nitrilotriacetic acid
1
NTA;
tricarboxylic acid		carcinogenic agent;
nephrotoxic agent		2001200123.0low000100
cyclopentane
1
cycloalkane;
cyclopentanes;
volatile organic compound		non-polar solvent2000200024.0low001000
2-aminopurine
1
2-aminopurines;
nucleobase analogue		antimetabolite2007200717.0low000100
hydantoins
3
imidazolidine-2,4-dione1999200522.3low001200
limestone
1
calcium salt;
carbonate salt;
inorganic calcium salt;
one-carbon compound		antacid;
fertilizer;
food colouring;
food firming agent		2000200024.0low101000
arecaidine
1
citraconoyl group2006200618.0low000100
1,3-propanediol
1
propane-1,3-diolsmetabolite;
protic solvent		2000200024.0low001000
dihydrotestosterone
1
17beta-hydroxy steroid;
17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one;
3-oxo-5alpha-steroid		androgen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite		201920195.0low000010
malondialdehyde
13
dialdehydebiomarker2001202010.9low1002110
acetylcysteine
5
acetylcysteine;
L-cysteine derivative;
N-acetyl-L-amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
antiinfective agent;
antioxidant;
antiviral drug;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mucolytic;
radical scavenger;
vulnerary		1999201516.8low001310
3-methylglutaric acid
1
alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acidmetabolite201920195.0low000010
2'-deoxy-5'-adenosine monophosphate
2
2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-phosphate;
purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate		fundamental metabolite1999200522.0low001100
deoxycytidine
1
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		2004200420.0low000100
d-alpha tocopherol
4
alpha-tocopherolalgal metabolite;
antiatherogenic agent;
anticoagulant;
antioxidant;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite		1993200824.8low002200
methyl tert-butyl ether
1
etherfuel additive;
metabolite;
non-polar solvent		201520159.0low000010
decane
1
alkane2007200717.0low000100
paraquat
1
organic cationgeroprotector;
herbicide		1997199727.0low001000
2'-deoxyadenosine triphosphate
2
2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-phosphate;
purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite		2004201713.5low000110
2,2-bis(bromomethyl)-1,3-propanediol
1
primary alcohol201720177.0low000010
1-nitropyrene
1
nitroarenecarcinogenic agent1999199925.0low001000
iridium
1
cobalt group element atom;
platinum group metal atom		1999199925.0low001000
platinum
1
elemental platinum;
nickel group element atom;
platinum group metal atom		2006200618.0low000100
cadmium
2
cadmium molecular entity;
zinc group element atom		2002200520.5low000200
gold
1
copper group element atom;
elemental gold		2009200915.0low000100
camptothecin
1
delta-lactone;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
quinoline alkaloid;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
plant metabolite		1999199925.0low001000
lead nitrate
1
inorganic nitrate salt;
lead coordination entity		2012201212.0low000010
sodium selenite
1
inorganic sodium salt;
selenite salt		nutraceutical2010201014.0low000100
cadmium chloride
1
cadmium coordination entity2005200519.0low000100
n-amyl-n-methylnitrosamine
2
nitrosaminecarcinogenic agent2007200717.0low000200
ferric nitrilotriacetate
1
iron chelatecarcinogenic agent;
mutagen		2001200123.0low000100
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate
1
acetate ester;
diester;
phorbol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetradecanoate ester		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
carcinogenic agent;
mitogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase C agonist;
reactive oxygen species generator		2003200321.0low000100
hexachloroiridic acid
1
1999199925.0low001000
pyrene
1
ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arenefluorescent probe;
persistent organic pollutant		2010201014.0low000100
transferrin
1
201820186.0low000010
azoxymethane
1
2002200222.0low000100
zidovudine
1
azide;
pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor		1991199133.0low001000
7,8-dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide
1
epoxideintercalator2003200321.0low000100
adenosine
4
adenosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		analgesic;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
vasodilator agent		1991201625.0low003010
2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline
1
aminoquinoline201620168.0low000010
2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoxaline
2
aromatic amine;
imidazoquinoxaline		carcinogenic agent;
genotoxin;
Maillard reaction product;
mutagen		2002201615.0low000110
acridine orange
1
aminoacridines;
aromatic amine;
tertiary amino compound		fluorochrome;
histological dye		2000200024.0low001000
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer
1
D-glucopyranoseepitope;
mouse metabolite		201720177.0low100010
5-methylcytosine
1
methylcytosine;
pyrimidines		human metabolite2004200420.0low000100
2'-deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate
2
2'-deoxycytidine phosphate;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite		2011201710.0low000020
bathocuproine
1
2003200321.0low000100
peroxynitric acid
3
nitrogen oxoacid2001200421.0low000300
1,7-phenanthroline
1
phenanthroline2003200321.0low000100
5-hydroxymethylcytosine
1
aminopyrimidine;
aromatic primary alcohol;
nucleobase analogue;
pyrimidone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite		2004200420.0low000100
o-(biotinylcarbazoylmethyl)hydroxylamine
1
2011201113.0low000010
clarithromycin
1
macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
protein synthesis inhibitor;
xenobiotic		201720177.0low100010
bromates
1
bromine oxoanion;
monovalent inorganic anion		2010201014.0low000100
homocysteine
1
amino acid zwitterion;
homocysteine;
serine family amino acid		fundamental metabolite;
mouse metabolite		2009200915.0low000100
5,6-dihydrothymine
1
pyrimidonehuman metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite		2001200123.0low000100
5-hydroxyuridine
2
organic hydroxy compound;
uridines		1991199232.5medium002000
pyrimidine dimers
2
2007201115.0low000110
vitamin b 6
1
2002200222.0low000100
1,n(6)-ethenoadenine
2
imidazo[2,1-i]purinemutagen2000200223.0low001100
3-chloro-L-tyrosine
1
chloroamino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-tyrosine derivative;
monochlorobenzenes;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		biomarker;
human metabolite		201620168.0low000010
selenomethylselenocysteine
1
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
selenocysteines		antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite		2010201014.0low000100
fe(ii)-edta
1
iron coordination entity1995199529.0low001000
peroxynitrous acid
3
nitrogen oxoacid2002201116.7low000210
lysyl-aspartyl-glutamyl-leucine
1
2003200321.0low000100
proline
1
amino acid zwitterion;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proline;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
compatible osmolytes;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		2002200222.0low000100
hydroxyl radical
2
oxygen hydride;
oxygen radical;
reactive oxygen species		1999200024.5low102000
singlet oxygen
1
chalcogen;
monoatomic oxygen;
nonmetal atom		macronutrient1998199826.0low001000
fenton's reagent
1
2005200519.0low000100
methylselenic acid
1
one-carbon compound;
organoselenium compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite		2010201014.0low000100
5,6-dihydrothymidine
1
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideMycoplasma genitalium metabolite2002200222.0low000100
biotin
1
biotins;
vitamin B7		coenzyme;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
prosthetic group;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		2011201113.0low000010
angiotensin ii
1
amino acid zwitterion;
angiotensin II		human metabolite2014201410.0low000010
3-nitrotyrosine
10
2-nitrophenols;
C-nitro compound;
nitrotyrosine;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid		2000201616.8low101540
leupeptins
1
2004200420.0low000100
carboplatin
1
2006200618.0low000100
ochratoxin a
1
isochromanes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acyl-L-phenylalanine;
organochlorine compound;
phenylalanine derivative		Aspergillus metabolite;
calcium channel blocker;
carcinogenic agent;
mycotoxin;
nephrotoxin;
Penicillium metabolite;
teratogenic agent		2001200123.0low000100
eplerenone
1
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
epoxy steroid;
gamma-lactone;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
oxaspiro compound;
steroid acid ester		aldosterone antagonist;
antihypertensive agent		2014201410.0low000010
cocaine
1
benzoate ester;
methyl ester;
tertiary amino compound;
tropane alkaloid		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
central nervous system stimulant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
serotonin uptake inhibitor;
sodium channel blocker;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic		201720177.0low000010
imidazolidines
1
azacycloalkane;
imidazolidines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent		2004200420.0low000100
mg 262
1
2004200420.0low000100
riboflavin
1
flavin;
vitamin B2		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food colouring;
fundamental metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite		2001200123.0low000100
pyrophosphate
1
diphosphate ion2011201113.0low000010
cotinine
3
N-alkylpyrrolidine;
pyridines;
pyrrolidin-2-ones;
pyrrolidine alkaloid		antidepressant;
biomarker;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite		2011201510.7low000030
s-phenyl-n-acetylcysteine
1
aryl sulfide;
S-substituted N-acetyl-L-cysteine		biomarker;
human urinary metabolite		201520159.0low000010
5-hydroxycytosine
4
1999200522.0medium001300
ro 19-8022
2
2002200719.5low000200
ku 55933
1
2010201014.0low000100
quercetin
1
7-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
Aurora kinase inhibitor;
chelator;
EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
radical scavenger		201620168.0low000010
dinoprost
7
monocarboxylic acid;
prostaglandins Falpha		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite		2003201910.1low100160
leukotriene c4
1
leukotrienebronchoconstrictor agent;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite		201620168.0low000010
8-epi-prostaglandin f2alpha
7
F2-isoprostanebiomarker;
bronchoconstrictor agent;
vasoconstrictor agent		2003201910.1low100160
4-hydroxyestradiol
1
4-hydroxy steroidmetabolite201920195.0low000010
4-hydroxy-2-nonenal
8
4-hydroxynon-2-enal;
4-hydroxynonenal		2002201616.5low000620
casein kinase ii
1
2003200321.0low000100
lead
1
carbon group element atom;
elemental lead;
metal atom		neurotoxin2012201212.0low000010
5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid
1
2004200420.0low000100
arsenic
1
metalloid atom;
pnictogen		micronutrient2011201113.0low000010
cysteine
2
cysteiniumfundamental metabolite1999201019.5low001100
selenocysteine
1
2010201014.0low000100
carbobenzoxy-leucyl-leucyl-norvalinal
1
peptide2004200420.0low000100
ribose
1
D-ribose;
ribopyranose		2007200717.0low000100
acebutolol
1
alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-D-mannopyranose201620168.0low000010
8-oxo-2'-deoxyadenosine
1
purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside2004200420.0low000100
sitagliptin phosphate
1
202120213.0low100001
imidazolone
1
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound2001200123.0low000100
empagliflozin
1
aromatic ether;
C-glycosyl compound;
monochlorobenzenes;
tetrahydrofuryl ether		hypoglycemic agent;
sodium-glucose transport protein subtype 2 inhibitor		201720177.0low100010
cytochrome c-t
3
2005200917.0low000300
oligonucleotides
12
1999201820.3low003810
anticodon
1
201920195.0low000010
liraglutide
1
lipopeptide;
polypeptide		glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist;
neuroprotective agent		202120213.0low100001
potassium bromate
1
bromate salt;
potassium salt		flour treatment agent2010201014.0low000100
glycolipids
1
202220222.0low000001
piperidines
1
2010201014.0low000100
5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine
1
2003200321.0low000100
guanidinohydantoin
1
guanidines;
imidazolidine-2,4-dione		2005200519.0low000100
heparitin sulfate
1
201620168.0low000010
ascorbic acid
6
ascorbic acid;
vitamin C		coenzyme;
cofactor;
flour treatment agent;
food antioxidant;
food colour retention agent;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent		1993200724.8low304200
9-(2-aminoethoxy)phenoxazine
1
2006200618.0medium000100
spiroiminodihydantoin
8
azaspiro compoundmutagen2000201518.5medium001610
asbestos, crocidolite
1
1996199628.0low001000
8-oxoadenosine
3
1991199730.7high003000
amyloid beta-peptides
2
2001201018.5low000200
cyclic gmp
2
3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide;
guanyl ribonucleotide		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		2013201510.0low000020
deoxyguanosine
62
purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside;
purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		1985202313.5low51912382
2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-phosphate
1
deoxyguanosine phosphate;
guanyl deoxyribonucleotide;
purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite		1999199925.0low001000
guanine
30
2-aminopurines;
oxopurine;
purine nucleobase		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		1994202113.9low10313131
guanosine
350
guanosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		fundamental metabolite1985202315.8high1524815913110
hypoxanthine
2
nucleobase analogue;
oxopurine;
purine nucleobase		fundamental metabolite2000200223.0low001100
inosine
1
inosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		2007200717.0low000100
7-methylguanine
2
7-methylguanine2000200422.0low001100
8-bromoguanine
1
2007200717.0low000100
8-hydroxyguanine
19
oxopurine1994202012.4low1025120
8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine
68
guanosinesbiomarker1994202310.7low60611447
8-thioguanosine
1
1998199826.0low001000
8-methylguanosine
1
1998199826.0low001000
8-bromoguanosine
2
purine nucleoside1985199832.5low011000
8-nitroguanine
1
oxopurine201520159.0low000010
deoxycytidylyl-(3'-5')-deoxyguanosine
1
(3'->5')-dinucleotide1995199529.0low001000
8-aminoguanosine
1
1985198539.0low010000
thymidylyl-(3',5')-2'-deoxyguanosine
1
1995199529.0medium001000
8-nitroguanosine
1
nitroguanosine201520159.0low000010
phosphorus radioisotopes
2
1994200325.5low001100
pyrimidinones
3
2006200717.3low000300
ConditionIndicatedStudiesFirst YearLast YearAverage AgeRelationship StrengthTrialspre-19901990's2000's2010'spost-2020
47,XX,+210
1
2000200024.0low001000
Abnormalities, Autosome0
1
2014201410.0low000010
Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced0
1
2008200816.0low000100
Acidosis, Diabetic0
1
2011201113.0low000010
Acoustic Trauma0
1
201620168.0low000010
Action Myoclonus-Renal Failure Syndrome0
1
2008200816.0low000100
Acute Brain Injuries0
1
2012201212.0low000010
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia0
16
1999201218.6low0011320
Acute Disease0
1
2013201311.0low000010
Acute Edematous Pancreatitis0
1
2013201311.0low000010
Adenocarcinoma0
2
2007200717.0low000200
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell0
2
2007200717.0low000200
Adenocarcinoma, Follicular0
1
2012201212.0low000010
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli0
2
201420207.0low000020
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli, Familial0
2
201420207.0low000020
Adipocere0
2
2005201215.5low000110
Adult Periodontitis0
1
202020204.0low100010
Affective Psychosis, Bipolar0
3
201520187.7low000030
Aging0
13
2002201315.3low000760
Airflow Obstruction, Chronic0
1
201920195.0low000010
Airway Remodeling0
1
2013201311.0low000010
Akinetic-Rigid Variant of Huntington Disease0
2
2007200916.0low000200
Albuminuria0
2
201720186.5low100020
Alcohol Drinking0
1
2000200024.0low001000
Alloxan Diabetes0
2
2006201314.5low000110
ALS - Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis0
2
2006200916.5low000200
Alzheimer Disease0
16
1999201218.6low0011320
Amentia0
1
202320231.0low000001
Amino Acid Metabolism Disorders, Inborn0
1
201920195.0low000010
Amyloid Deposits0
1
2001200123.0low000100
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis0
2
2006200916.5low000200
Anemia, Hemolytic0
1
2003200321.0low000100
Anemia, Hemolytic, Acquired0
1
2003200321.0low000100
Anoxemia0
2
1997200523.0low001100
Anoxia, Brain0
1
2009200915.0low000100
Asystole0
1
2014201410.0low000010
Attachment Loss, Periodontal0
1
202020204.0low100010
Autosomal Dominant Juvenile Parkinson Disease0
2
2006200916.5low000200
B16 Melanoma0
1
1998199826.0low001000
Barrett Epithelium0
1
2007200717.0low000100
Barrett Esophagus0
1
2007200717.0low000100
Basedow Disease0
1
201720177.0low000010
Becker Muscular Dystrophy0
1
2005200519.0low000100
Behavior Disorders0
2
201820186.0low000020
Benign Neoplasms0
5
2003201715.8low000410
Berger Disease0
1
201620168.0low000010
Bile Duct Cancer0
1
2001200123.0low000100
Bile Duct Neoplasms0
1
2001200123.0low000100
Bipolar Disorder0
3
201520187.7low000030
Birth Weight0
1
2006200618.0low100100
Bladder Cancer0
1
2003200321.0low000100
Blood Pressure, High0
2
2013201410.5low000020
Body Weight0
2
1993201122.0low001010
Body Weight, Fetal0
1
2010201014.0low000100
Brain Edema0
2
2003201117.0low000110
Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral0
1
202020204.0low000010
Brain Injuries0
1
2012201212.0low000010
Brain Injuries, Traumatic0
1
202020204.0low000010
Brain Swelling0
2
2003201117.0low000110
Breast Cancer0
2
201520178.0low000020
Breast Neoplasms0
2
201520178.0low000020
Bright Disease0
1
201720177.0low000010
Bronze Diabetes0
1
201820186.0low000010
Cancer of Colon0
1
2002200222.0low000100
Cancer of Esophagus0
2
2007200717.0low000200
Cancer of Liver0
2
1992199431.0low002000
Cancer of Lung0
2
1999201119.0low001010
Cancer of Prostate0
2
2003201913.0low000110
Cancer of Skin0
2
2004200718.5low000200
Cancer of the Thyroid0
2
201220179.5low000020
Carcinogenesis0
2
201920204.5low000020
Carcinoma0
1
201920195.0low000010
Carcinoma, Anaplastic0
1
201920195.0low000010
Carcinoma, Epidermoid0
3
2004200718.0low000300
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular0
1
1994199430.0low001000
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung0
1
2011201113.0low000010
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung0
1
2011201113.0low000010
Carcinoma, Papillary0
1
201720177.0low000010
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell0
3
2004200718.0low000300
Cardiac Failure0
1
201920195.0low000010
Cardiovascular Diseases0
3
201720206.0low000030
Cataract0
1
2008200816.0low000100
Cataract, Membranous0
1
2008200816.0low000100
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic0
4
2007200816.8low000400
Centriacinar Emphysema0
1
2013201311.0low000010
Cerebral Hemorrhage0
1
202020204.0low000010
Cholangitis0
1
2001200123.0low000100
Choline Deficiency0
1
1992199232.0low001000
Chromosome-Defective Micronuclei0
1
201820186.0low000010
Chronic Disease0
2
1994201320.5low001010
Chronic Illness0
2
1994201320.5low001010
Chronic Kidney Diseases0
1
201820186.0low000010
Chronic Kidney Failure0
2
2007201513.0low000110
Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroiditis0
1
201720177.0low000010
Cirrhosis0
1
2012201212.0low000010
Cirrhosis, Liver0
2
1994201022.0low001100
CJD (Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease)0
1
2005200519.0low000100
Cockayne Syndrome0
2
2004200519.5low000200
Cognition Disorders0
1
2005200519.0low000100
Cognitive Decline0
1
2012201212.0low000010
Cognitive Dysfunction0
1
2012201212.0low000010
Colitis0
1
202020204.0low000010
Colon Cancer, Familial Nonpolyposis0
1
202020204.0low000010
Colonic Neoplasms0
1
2002200222.0low000100
Colorectal Cancer0
7
2003202010.9low200250
Colorectal Neoplasms0
7
2003202010.9low200250
Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis0
1
202020204.0low000010
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus0
1
201620168.0low000010
Condition, Preneoplastic0
2
1992200824.0low001100
Congenital Zika Syndrome0
1
202020204.0low000010
Cortical Lewy Body Disease0
1
2002200222.0low000100
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome0
1
2005200519.0low000100
Debility0
1
202020204.0low000010
Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System0
4
2003201712.5low000220
Dementia0
1
202320231.0low000001
Dementia Praecox0
4
201320189.0low000040
Dementias, Transmissible0
1
2005200519.0low000100
Depression0
1
201820186.0low000010
Di Guglielmo Disease0
1
1985198539.0low010000
Diabetes Mellitus0
1
201820186.0low000010
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset0
16
201120217.8low5000151
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 20
16
201120217.8low5000151
Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis0
1
201720177.0low000010
Diabetic Ketoacidosis0
1
2011201113.0low000010
Diabetic Nephropathies0
1
201720177.0low000010
Diabetic Retinopathy0
1
2006200618.0low000100
Disbacteriosis0
1
202020204.0low000010
Disease Exacerbation0
4
2001202013.8low000220
Disease Models, Animal0
9
2003202011.2low000360
Diseases, Occupational0
1
201620168.0low000010
Down Syndrome0
1
2000200024.0low001000
Duodenal Reflux0
1
2007200717.0low000100
Encephalitis, Inclusion Body, Measles0
1
2002200222.0low000100
Encephalopathy, Hepatic0
1
2010201014.0low000100
Encephalopathy, Toxic0
1
201620168.0low000010
Encephalopathy, Traumatic0
1
202020204.0low000010
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing0
1
2014201410.0low000010
Esophageal Neoplasms0
2
2007200717.0low000200
Esophageal Reflux0
1
2007200717.0low000100
Esophagitis0
1
2007200717.0low000100
Experimental Hepatoma0
1
2002200222.0low000100
Experimental Radiation Injuries0
1
2008200816.0low000100
Experimental Spinal Cord Ischemia0
1
2003200321.0low000100
Familial Nonmedullary Thyroid Cancer0
1
201720177.0low000010
Fatigue0
1
201720177.0low000010
Fatty Liver0
5
2004201315.0low000320
Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic0
2
2012201311.5low000020
Fibrosis0
1
2012201212.0low000010
Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma0
1
2012201212.0low000010
Gastritis0
1
2002200222.0low000100
Gastroesophageal Reflux0
1
2007200717.0low000100
Genetic Predisposition0
2
2003201117.0low000110
Genome Instability0
2
2004201415.0low000110
Germinoblastoma0
1
2003200321.0low000100
Glomerulonephritis0
1
201720177.0low000010
Glomerulonephritis, IGA0
1
201620168.0low000010
Graves Disease0
1
201720177.0low000010
Hashimoto Disease0
1
201720177.0low000010
Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced0
1
201620168.0low000010
Heart Arrest0
1
2014201410.0low000010
Heart Failure0
1
201920195.0low000010
Helicobacter Infections0
2
2002202013.0low000110
Hemochromatosis0
1
201820186.0low000010
Hemorrhage, Subarachnoid0
1
2012201212.0low000010
Hepatic Encephalopathy0
1
2010201014.0low000100
Hepatitis0
1
1994199430.0low001000
Hepatitis B0
1
201820186.0low000010
Hepatitis B Virus Infection0
1
201820186.0low000010
Hepatitis C0
1
202120213.0low000001
Hepatitis, Viral, Non-A, Non-B, Parenterally-Transmitted0
1
202120213.0low000001
Hepatocellular Carcinoma0
1
1994199430.0low001000
HIV0
1
2005200519.0low000100
HIV Coinfection0
1
2005200519.0low000100
HIV Infections0
1
2005200519.0low000100
Huntington Disease0
2
2007200916.0low000200
Hypertension0
2
2013201410.5low000020
Hypertension, Pulmonary0
1
2004200420.0low000100
Hypertension, Renal0
1
2002200222.0low000100
Hyperthyroid0
1
202120213.0low000001
Hyperthyroidism0
1
202120213.0low000001
Hypoxia0
2
1997200523.0low001100
Idiopathic Parkinson Disease0
5
1999201818.4low201310
Inadequate Sleep0
1
2010201014.0low000100
Infant, Premature, Diseases0
1
2014201410.0low000010
Infections, Helicobacter0
2
2002202013.0low000110
Infertility, Male0
1
2007200717.0low000100
Inflammation0
5
2011202010.4low000050
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion0
4
2003201513.2low000130
Innate Inflammatory Response0
5
2011202010.4low000050
Iron Overload0
2
201820186.0low000020
Kaposi Disease0
1
2005200519.0low000100
Kidney Failure, Chronic0
2
2007201513.0low000110
Kidney, Polycystic0
1
202020204.0low000010
Lassitude0
1
201720177.0low000010
Left Ventricular Dysfunction0
1
2014201410.0low000010
Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute0
1
1985198539.0low010000
Lewy Body Disease0
1
2002200222.0low000100
Libman-Sacks Disease0
1
2013201311.0low000010
Liver Cirrhosis0
2
1994201022.0low001100
Liver Diseases0
1
201820186.0low000010
Liver Dysfunction0
1
201820186.0low000010
Liver Neoplasms0
2
1992199431.0low002000
Liver Steatosis0
5
2004201315.0low000320
Local Neoplasm Recurrence0
1
202120213.0low000001
Lung Neoplasms0
2
1999201119.0low001010
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic0
1
2013201311.0low000010
Lymphoma0
1
2003200321.0low000100
Malignant Melanoma0
1
2008200816.0low000100
Melanoma0
1
2008200816.0low000100
Mental Disorders0
2
201820186.0low000020
Morbid Obesity0
1
201720177.0low000010
MPTP Neurotoxicity Syndrome0
1
2003200321.0low000100
MS (Multiple Sclerosis)0
2
2011201610.5low000020
Multiple Sclerosis0
2
2011201610.5low000020
Multiple System Atrophy0
1
2002200222.0low000100
Multiple System Atrophy Syndrome0
1
2002200222.0low000100
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne0
1
2005200519.0low000100
Necrosis0
2
2012201510.5low000020
Necrotizing Enterocolitis0
1
2014201410.0low000010
Neoplasms0
5
2003201715.8low000410
Nerve Degeneration0
4
2005201017.0low000400
Neuroblastoma0
2
201220217.5low000011
Neurodegenerative Diseases0
4
2003201712.5low000220
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease0
2
2012201311.5low000020
Obesity0
1
201620168.0low000010
Obesity, Morbid0
1
201720177.0low000010
Palmoplantaris Pustulosis0
1
2013201311.0low000010
Pancreatitis0
1
2013201311.0low000010
Papilloma0
1
2007200717.0low000100
Papilloma, Squamous Cell0
1
2007200717.0low000100
Parkinson Disease0
5
1999201818.4low201310
Parkinsonian Disorders0
2
2006200916.5low000200
Pelvic Organ Prolapse0
1
201620168.0low000010
Polycystic Kidney Diseases0
1
202020204.0low000010
Precancerous Conditions0
2
1992200824.0low001100
Pregnancy0
2
2006201016.0low000200
Prostatic Neoplasms0
2
2003201913.0low000110
Proteinuria0
1
2002200222.0low000100
Psoriasis0
1
2013201311.0low000010
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive0
1
201920195.0low000010
Pulmonary Hypertension0
1
2004200420.0low000100
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic0
1
201820186.0low000010
Reperfusion Injury0
4
2003201513.2low000130
Retinal Degeneration0
1
201920195.0low000010
Sarcoma0
1
2003200321.0low000100
Sarcoma, Epithelioid0
1
2003200321.0low000100
Schizophrenia0
4
201320189.0low000040
Sensitivity and Specificity0
5
2003201912.8low100320
Skin Neoplasms0
2
2004200718.5low000200
Smoking Cessation0
1
2000200024.0low001000
Sterility, Male0
1
2007200717.0low000100
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage0
1
2012201212.0low000010
Tauopathies0
1
2009200915.0low000100
Thyroid Neoplasms0
2
201220179.5low000020
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms0
1
2003200321.0low000100
Urogenital Prolapse0
1
201620168.0low000010
Ventricular Dysfunction, Left0
1
2014201410.0low000010
Ventricular Fibrillation0
1
2014201410.0low000010
Vitiligo0
1
2009200915.0low000100
Xeroderma Pigmentosum0
1
2005200519.0low000100
Zika Virus Infection0
1
202020204.0low000010

Safety/Toxicity (5)

ArticleYear
Biomarkers of early genotoxicity and oxidative stress for occupational risk assessment of exposure to styrene in the fibreglass reinforced plastic industry.
Toxicology letters, , Dec-01, Volume: 298		2018
MTH1, an oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphatase, prevents the cytotoxicity and neurotoxicity of oxidized purine nucleotides.
DNA repair, , Jul-13, Volume: 5, Issue:7		2006
High accumulation of platinum-DNA adducts in strial marginal cells of the cochlea is an early event in cisplatin but not carboplatin ototoxicity.
Molecular pharmacology, , Volume: 70, Issue:1		2006
Involvement of DNA polymerase beta in protection against the cytotoxicity of oxidative DNA damage.
DNA repair, , Apr-29, Volume: 1, Issue:4		2002
Genotoxic effects of the carbamate insecticide, methyomyl. II. In vivo studies with pure compound and the technical formulation, "Lannate 25".
Environmental and molecular mutagenesis, , Volume: 24, Issue:3		1994

Long-term Use (1)

ArticleYear
eNOS plays a major role in adiponectin synthesis in adipocytes.
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, , Volume: 298, Issue:4		2010

Bioavailability (1)

ArticleYear
L-arginine-NO-cGMP signalling pathway in pancreatitis.
Scientific reports, , Volume: 3		2013

Dosage (3)

ArticleYear
Qualitative and quantitative approaches in the dose-response assessment of genotoxic carcinogens.
Mutagenesis, , Volume: 31, Issue:3		2016
Methane Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats Through Antiapoptotic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidative Actions.
Shock (Augusta, Ga.), , Volume: 44, Issue:2		2015
Human polynucleotide phosphorylase reduces oxidative RNA damage and protects HeLa cell against oxidative stress.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications, , Jul-25, Volume: 372, Issue:2		2008