| Substance | Studies | Classes | Roles | First Year | Last Year | Average Age | Relationship Strength | Trials | pre-1990 | 1990's | 2000's | 2010's | post-2020 |
|---|
| acetone | | ketone body;
methyl ketone;
propanones;
volatile organic compound | EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
polar aprotic solvent | 1996 | 2013 | 19.5 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| adenine | | 6-aminopurines;
purine nucleobase | Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite | 2016 | 2016 | 8.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| benzene | | aromatic annulene;
benzenes;
volatile organic compound | carcinogenic agent;
environmental contaminant;
non-polar solvent | 2012 | 2015 | 11.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| benzyl alcohol | | benzyl alcohols | antioxidant;
fragrance;
metabolite;
solvent | 2006 | 2006 | 18.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| bupropion | | aromatic ketone;
monochlorobenzenes;
secondary amino compound | antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic | 2015 | 2015 | 9.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| cytosine | | aminopyrimidine;
pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone | Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite | 2016 | 2016 | 8.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| methanol | | alkyl alcohol;
one-carbon compound;
primary alcohol;
volatile organic compound | amphiprotic solvent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fuel;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite | 1980 | 2018 | 18.9 | low | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 0 |
| naphthalene | | naphthalenes;
ortho-fused bicyclic arene | apoptosis inhibitor;
carcinogenic agent;
environmental contaminant;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component | 2006 | 2006 | 18.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| phthalic acid | | benzenedicarboxylic acid | human xenobiotic metabolite | 2015 | 2015 | 9.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| taurine | | amino sulfonic acid;
zwitterion | antioxidant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
glycine receptor agonist;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutrient;
radical scavenger;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite | 2016 | 2016 | 8.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| toluene | | methylbenzene;
toluenes;
volatile organic compound | cholinergic antagonist;
fuel additive;
neurotoxin;
non-polar solvent | 2006 | 2006 | 18.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid | | chlorophenoxyacetic acid;
dichlorobenzene | agrochemical;
defoliant;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
phenoxy herbicide;
synthetic auxin | 1996 | 1996 | 28.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| amitriptyline | | carbotricyclic compound;
tertiary amine | adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist;
xenobiotic | 2006 | 2006 | 18.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 2,2-bis(4-glycidyloxyphenyl)propane | | diarylmethane | | 1994 | 1994 | 30.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| caffeine | | purine alkaloid;
trimethylxanthine | adenosine A2A receptor antagonist;
adenosine receptor antagonist;
adjuvant;
central nervous system stimulant;
diuretic;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
food additive;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
xenobiotic | 2017 | 2017 | 7.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| carbamazepine | | dibenzoazepine;
ureas | analgesic;
anticonvulsant;
antimanic drug;
drug allergen;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
glutamate transporter activator;
mitogen;
non-narcotic analgesic;
sodium channel blocker;
xenobiotic | 2006 | 2006 | 18.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| clenbuterol | | amino alcohol;
dichlorobenzene;
ethanolamines;
primary arylamine;
secondary amino compound;
substituted aniline | beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
sympathomimetic agent | 2015 | 2015 | 9.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| desipramine | | dibenzoazepine;
secondary amino compound | adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
cholinergic antagonist;
drug allergen;
EC 3.1.4.12 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor | 2006 | 2006 | 18.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| diazinon | | organic thiophosphate;
pyrimidines | acaricide;
agrochemical;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
nematicide;
xenobiotic | 2012 | 2012 | 12.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| dichlorvos | | alkenyl phosphate;
dialkyl phosphate;
organochlorine acaricide;
organophosphate insecticide | anthelminthic drug;
antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor | 1986 | 1986 | 38.0 | low | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| fentanyl | | anilide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperidines | adjuvant;
anaesthesia adjuvant;
anaesthetic;
intravenous anaesthetic;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic | 2012 | 2012 | 12.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| haloperidol | | aromatic ketone;
hydroxypiperidine;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
tertiary alcohol | antidyskinesia agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist | 1994 | 1994 | 30.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| imipramine | | dibenzoazepine | adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor | 2006 | 2006 | 18.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| ketoprofen | | benzophenones;
oxo monocarboxylic acid | antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic | 1998 | 1998 | 26.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| lamotrigine | | 1,2,4-triazines;
dichlorobenzene;
primary arylamine | anticonvulsant;
antidepressant;
antimanic drug;
calcium channel blocker;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
xenobiotic | 2006 | 2006 | 18.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| metoprolol | | aromatic ether;
propanolamine;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound | antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic | 2015 | 2015 | 9.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| nortriptyline | | organic tricyclic compound;
secondary amine | adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
drug metabolite | 2006 | 2006 | 18.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| oxyphenbutazone | | phenols;
pyrazolidines | antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antipyretic;
drug metabolite;
gout suppressant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic metabolite | 1995 | 1995 | 29.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| phenobarbital | | barbiturates | anticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
sedative | 2006 | 2006 | 18.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| phenylbutazone | | pyrazolidines | antirheumatic drug;
EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug | 1995 | 1995 | 29.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| o-phthalaldehyde | | benzaldehydes;
dialdehyde | epitope | 1984 | 1984 | 40.0 | low | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| primidone | | pyrimidone | anticonvulsant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic | 2006 | 2006 | 18.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| levodopa | | amino acid zwitterion;
dopa;
L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | allelochemical;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
hapten;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotoxin;
plant growth retardant;
plant metabolite;
prodrug | 1993 | 1993 | 31.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| cytidine | | cytidines | Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite | 2016 | 2016 | 8.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| chloroform | | chloromethanes;
one-carbon compound | carcinogenic agent;
central nervous system drug;
inhalation anaesthetic;
non-polar solvent;
refrigerant | 1994 | 1994 | 30.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| acetonitrile | | aliphatic nitrile;
volatile organic compound | EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
NMR chemical shift reference compound;
polar aprotic solvent | 1994 | 2018 | 14.7 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 0 |
| trifluoroacetic acid | | fluoroalkanoic acid | human xenobiotic metabolite;
NMR chemical shift reference compound;
reagent | 2006 | 2006 | 18.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| triamcinolone acetonide | | 11beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
cyclic ketal;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone | anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug | 1980 | 1980 | 44.0 | low | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| isoprene | | alkadiene;
hemiterpene;
volatile organic compound | plant metabolite | 2001 | 2001 | 23.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| bisphenol a | | bisphenol | endocrine disruptor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic;
xenoestrogen | 2016 | 2016 | 8.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| propylparaben | | benzoate ester;
paraben;
phenols | antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent | 2010 | 2010 | 14.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| styrene | | styrenes;
vinylarene;
volatile organic compound | mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
plant metabolite | 2006 | 2006 | 18.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| caprolactam | | caprolactams | human blood serum metabolite | 2016 | 2016 | 8.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 2-methylpentane | | alkane | | 1994 | 1994 | 30.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| anthracene | | acene;
anthracenes;
ortho-fused tricyclic hydrocarbon | | 2007 | 2007 | 17.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| ethyl acetate | | acetate ester;
ethyl ester;
volatile organic compound | EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor;
metabolite;
polar aprotic solvent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite | 1994 | 2011 | 21.5 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| catechin | | catechin | antioxidant;
plant metabolite | 2017 | 2017 | 7.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| erythromycin | | cyclic ketone;
erythromycin | | 2015 | 2015 | 9.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| tetramethoxysilane | | | | 2008 | 2008 | 16.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| hexamethylsilazane | | N-silyl compound | chromatographic reagent | 2008 | 2008 | 16.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| methyltrimethoxysilane | | | | 2008 | 2008 | 16.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| zinc oxide | | zinc molecular entity | | 2012 | 2012 | 12.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| tetrahydropapaveroline | | benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline;
isoquinolinol | human metabolite | 1993 | 1993 | 31.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| phenylethylmalonamide | | amine | | 2006 | 2006 | 18.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| zirconium | | titanium group element atom | | 2001 | 2001 | 23.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| deuterium | | dihydrogen | | 1995 | 2006 | 23.5 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| fenitrothion | | C-nitro compound;
organic thiophosphate | acaricide;
agrochemical;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
insecticide | 1986 | 2012 | 25.0 | low | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| phenyl acetate | | benzenes;
phenyl acetates | | 1994 | 2011 | 21.5 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| esmolol | | aromatic ether;
ethanolamines;
methyl ester;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound | | 2015 | 2015 | 9.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| adenosine | | adenosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside | analgesic;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
vasodilator agent | 2016 | 2016 | 8.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| cephalosporin c | | cephalosporin | fungal metabolite | 1980 | 1980 | 44.0 | low | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| carbidopa, levodopa drug combination | | | | 1993 | 1993 | 31.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| betadex | | cyclodextrin | | 1998 | 2015 | 17.5 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| arachidonic acid | | icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid;
long-chain fatty acid;
omega-6 fatty acid | Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite | 1985 | 1985 | 39.0 | low | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| enkephalin, leucine | | pentapeptide;
peptide zwitterion | analgesic;
delta-opioid receptor agonist;
human metabolite;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
neurotransmitter;
rat metabolite | 2007 | 2007 | 17.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| sodium acetate, anhydrous | | organic sodium salt | NMR chemical shift reference compound | 2015 | 2015 | 9.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| thiourea | | one-carbon compound;
thioureas;
ureas | antioxidant;
chromophore | 2006 | 2007 | 17.5 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| sodium dodecyl sulfate | | organic sodium salt | detergent;
protein denaturant | 2011 | 2011 | 13.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| dinoprost | | monocarboxylic acid;
prostaglandins Falpha | human metabolite;
mouse metabolite | 1995 | 1995 | 29.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 8-epi-prostaglandin f2alpha | | F2-isoprostane | biomarker;
bronchoconstrictor agent;
vasoconstrictor agent | 1995 | 1995 | 29.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| silicon | | carbon group element atom;
metalloid atom;
nonmetal atom | | 1980 | 1986 | 41.8 | low | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| aluminum oxide | | | | 1993 | 1993 | 31.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| cholecystokinin | | | | 1986 | 1986 | 38.0 | low | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| oligonucleotides | | | | 2018 | 2018 | 6.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| carboxymethyl-beta-cyclodextrin | | | | 2015 | 2015 | 9.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| carbidopa | | | | 1993 | 1993 | 31.0 | low | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Development of magnetic octadecylsilane particles as solid-phase extraction adsorbent for the determination of fat-soluble vitamins in fruit juice-milk beverage by capillary liquid chromatography.Journal of separation science, , Volume: 33, Issue:14, 2010
Quantitative in vivo microsampling for pharmacokinetic studies based on an integrated solid-phase microextraction system.Analytical chemistry, , Jun-15, Volume: 79, Issue:12, 2007
Microsphere entrapped emitters for sample preconcentration and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.Analytical chemistry, , May-01, Volume: 79, Issue:9, 2007
Photoinduced polymerization for entrapping of octadecylsilane microsphere columns for capillary electrochromatography.Analytical chemistry, , Feb-15, Volume: 79, Issue:4, 2007
Optimization of solid-phase microextraction procedures for the determination of tricyclic antidepressants and anticonvulsants in plasma samples by liquid chromatography.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, , Volume: 386, Issue:2, 2006
Raman spectroscopic study of the conformational order of octadecylsilane stationary phases: effects of electrolyte and pH.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, , Volume: 382, Issue:3, 2005
HPLC determination of ketoprofen enantiomers in human serum using a nonporous octadecylsilane 1.5 microns column with hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin as mobile phase additive.Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, , Volume: 17, Issue:1, 1998
Use of a particle beam interface combined with mass spectrometry/negative chemical ionization to determine polar herbicide residues in soil by liquid chromatography.Journal of AOAC International, , Volume: 83, Issue:3