Iopanoic acid is a nonionic, orally administered radiopaque agent that was originally developed for visualizing the gallbladder and biliary tree. Its mechanism of action involves inhibiting the uptake of organic anions by the hepatocytes, leading to a higher concentration of contrast material in the biliary system. Iopanoic acid is effective in the diagnosis of cholelithiasis and other biliary disorders. However, it has been largely replaced by safer and more effective imaging agents, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound. Research on iopanoic acid continues, particularly in the investigation of its potential use as an adjunct to other therapies for the management of certain liver diseases.'
Iopanoic Acid: Radiopaque medium used as diagnostic aid. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 3735 |
| CHEMBL ID | 867 |
| CHEBI ID | 5951 |
| SCHEMBL ID | 38976 |
| MeSH ID | M0011683 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| smr001233434 |
| MLS002154127 |
| benzenepropanoic acid, 3-amino-.alpha.-ethyl-2,4,6-triiodo- |
| BRD-A42628519-001-04-1 |
| hydrocinnamic acid,4,6-triiodo- |
| choladine |
| 3-(3-amino-2,6-triiodophenyl)-2-ethylpropanoic acid |
| nsc41706 |
| iopanoicum |
| bilijodon |
| telepaque |
| nsc-41706 |
| polognost |
| 3-amino-.alpha.-ethyl-2,6-triiodohydrocinnamic acid |
| wln: zr bi di fi c1y2 & vq |
| jopagnost |
| .beta.-(3-amino-2,6-triiodophenyl)-.alpha.-ethylpropionic acid |
| benzenepropanoic acid,4,6-triiodo- |
| colepax |
| cistobil |
| 2-(3-amino-2,6-triiodobenzyl)butyric acid |
| cholevid |
| iopagnost |
| copanoic |
| jopanoic acid |
| iodopanoic acid |
| 2-ethyl-3-(3-amino-2,6-triiodophenyl)propionic acid |
| iodopanic acid |
| DIVK1C_000902 |
| KBIO1_000902 |
| 2-[(3-amino-2,4,6-triiodophenyl)methyl]butanoic acid |
| SPECTRUM_001576 |
| BPBIO1_001106 |
| beta-(3-amino-2,4,6-triiodophenyl)-alpha-ethylpropionic acid |
| acide iopanoique [french] |
| nsc 41706 |
| benzenepropanoic acid, 3-amino-alpha-ethyl-2,4,6-triiodo-, (+-)- |
| teletrast |
| acide iopanoique [inn-french] |
| benzenepropanoic acid, 3-amino-alpha-ethyl-2,4,6-triiodo- |
| einecs 202-539-9 |
| acidum iopanoicum [inn-latin] |
| hsdb 3345 |
| (pm)-3-amino-alpha-ethyl-2,4,6-triiodohydrocinnamic acid |
| 3-amino-alpha-ethyl-2,4,6-triiodobenzenepropanoic acid |
| 3-amino-alpha-ethyl-2,4,6-triiodohydrocinnamic acid |
| 2-ethyl-3-(3-amino-2,4,6-triiodophenyl)propionic acid |
| win 2011 |
| acido iopanoico [latin,spanish] |
| brn 2220381 |
| 3-(3-amino-2,4,6-triiodophenyl)-2-ethylpropanoic acid |
| 2-(3-amino-2,4,6-triiodobenzyl)butyric acid |
| acido iopanoico [inn-spanish] |
| hydrocinnamic acid, 3-amino-alpha-ethyl-2,4,6-triiodo- |
| iopanic acid |
| cas-96-83-3 |
| NCGC00016357-01 |
| PRESTWICK2_001052 |
| PRESTWICK3_001052 |
| AB00052387 |
| iopanoic acid |
| 96-83-3 |
| C08217 |
| telepaque (tn) |
| D01014 |
| iopanoic acid (jan/usp/inn) |
| SPECTRUM5_001681 |
| NCGC00095082-01 |
| NCGC00095082-02 |
| KBIOSS_002056 |
| KBIO2_002056 |
| KBIO2_007192 |
| KBIOGR_001577 |
| KBIO2_004624 |
| SPECTRUM4_000879 |
| SPBIO_000992 |
| PRESTWICK0_001052 |
| SPBIO_002932 |
| NINDS_000902 |
| PRESTWICK1_001052 |
| SPECTRUM2_001206 |
| SPECTRUM1503923 |
| BSPBIO_001004 |
| IDI1_000902 |
| NCGC00095082-03 |
| HMS2093M03 |
| oirfjrbsrorbcm-uhfffaoysa- |
| inchi=1/c11h12i3no2/c1-2-5(11(16)17)3-6-7(12)4-8(13)10(15)9(6)14/h4-5h,2-3,15h2,1h3,(h,16,17) |
| 2-[(3-amino-2,4,6-triiodo-phenyl)methyl]butanoic acid |
| chebi:5951 , |
| acidum iopanoicum |
| CHEMBL867 |
| iopanoate |
| HMS502N04 |
| I0300 |
| 3-(3-amino-2,4,6-triiodophenyl)-2-ethylpropionic acid |
| HMS1922K20 |
| HMS1571C06 |
| 3-amino-alpha-ethyl-2,4,6-triiodobenzenepropanoicacid |
| A845646 |
| HMS2098C06 |
| acid, iodopanoic |
| acid, iopanoic |
| unii-fe9794p71j |
| acido iopanoico |
| acide iopanoique |
| iopanoic acid [usp:inn:ban:jan] |
| fe9794p71j , |
| tox21_303477 |
| dtxsid6023159 , |
| dtxcid603159 |
| NCGC00257386-01 |
| nsc-758646 |
| pharmakon1600-01503923 |
| nsc758646 |
| tox21_110394 |
| HMS2231G12 |
| CCG-39139 |
| FT-0631496 |
| AKOS015854598 |
| S5497 |
| HMS3369D07 |
| 2-(2-carbamimidoylsulfanylethyl)isothiourea |
| SCHEMBL38976 |
| NCGC00095082-06 |
| tox21_110394_1 |
| iopanoic acid [hsdb] |
| iopanoic acid [who-ip] |
| iopanoic acid [usp impurity] |
| hydrocinnamic acid, 3-amino-.alpha.-ethyl-2,4,6-triiodo- |
| benzenepropanoic acid, 3-amino-.alpha.-ethyl-2,4,6-triiodo-, (+/-)- |
| iopanoic acid [vandf] |
| iopanoic acid [orange book] |
| iopanoic acid [mi] |
| .alpha.-ethyl-.beta.-(3-amino-2,4,6-triiodophenyl)propionic acid |
| iopanoic acid [jan] |
| 17879-93-5 |
| acidum iopanoicum [who-ip latin] |
| 3-amino-.alpha.-ethyl-2,4,6-triiodobenzenepropanoic acid |
| iopanoic acid [mart.] |
| iopanoic acid [inn] |
| iopanoic acid [ep impurity] |
| iopanoic acid [ep monograph] |
| iopanoic acid [who-dd] |
| W-100130 |
| 2-(3-amino-2,4,6-triiodobenzyl)butanoic acid |
| 3-amino-.alpha.-ethyl-2,4,6-triiodohydrocinnamic acid |
| .beta.-(3-amino-2,4,6-triiodophenyl)-.alpha.-ethylpropionic acid |
| 2-(3-amino-2,4,6-triiodobenzyl)butanoic acid # |
| (.+/-.)-iopanoic acid |
| benzenepropanoic acid, 3-amino-.alpha.-ethyl-2,4,6-triiodo-, (.+/-.)- |
| AB00052387_07 |
| DB08946 |
| mfcd00038687 |
| sr-05000001877 |
| SR-05000001877-3 |
| iopanoic acid, analytical standard |
| iopanoic acid, european pharmacopoeia (ep) reference standard |
| SR-05000001877-1 |
| AS-66216 |
| SBI-0051863.P002 |
| HMS3715C06 |
| CS-8125 |
| HY-B1664 |
| Q1672108 |
| BRD-A42628519-001-07-4 |
| T73105 |
| EN300-7397738 |
| v08ac06 |
| acido iopanoico (inn-spanish) |
| acidum iopanoicum (inn-latin) |
| iopanoic acid (mart.) |
| iopanoic acid (usp impurity) |
| acide iopanoique (inn-french) |
| alpha-ethyl-beta-(3-amino-2,4,6-triiodophenyl)propionic acid |
| iopanoic acid (usp:inn:ban:jan) |
| acido iopanoico (latin,spanish) |
| iopanoic acid (ep impurity) |
| benzenepropanoic acid, 3-amino-alpha-ethyl-2,4,6-triiodo-, (+/-)- |
| iopanoic acid (ep monograph) |
Iopanoic acid (IopAc) is an iodinated cholecystographic agent that inhibits deiodinase activity and reduces the conversion of T(4) toT(3) IopAc is a safe and effective drug in the treatment of massive thyroid hormone poisoning in children.
Iopanoic acid has been shown to block thyroxine (T4)-5'-monodeiodination in rat anterior pituitary in vitro.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Iopanoic acid has been shown to block thyroxine (T4)-5'-monodeiodination in rat anterior pituitary in vitro. " | ( Inhibition of intrapituitary thyroxine to 3.5.3'-triiodothyronine conversion prevents the acute suppression of thyrotropin release by thyroxine in hypothyroid rats. Dick, TE; Gard, TG; Kaplan, MM; Larsen, PR; Markovitz, BP, 1979) | 1.7 |
| "Iopanoic acid has been proved to be a treatment of choice in order to block the conversion of T4 into T3." | ( [Acute poisoning with thyroxine in children]. García, H; Michaud, P; Rojas, M; Téllez, R, ) | 0.85 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "iopanoic acid) potently inhibit the activation of T(4) to the more potent T(3)." | ( Treatment of hyperthyroidism associated with thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas with iopanoic acid. Chopra, IJ; Cohan, P; Darwin, CH; Dhillon, KS; Iyer, KV; Kelly, DF, 2004) | 1.27 |
Iopanoic acid pretreatment significantly reduced the [(125)I]T(3) concentration in serum, homogenates, and cell nuclei of all these organs. Pretreatment did not interfere with the acute TSH response of chronically hypothyroid rats to 70 ng of T3/100 g body weight.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " Drug-related abnormalities in blood and urine tests occurred about equally in both groups and one patient in each group exhibited a clinically adverse reaction (diarrhea)." | ( Clinical comparison of two contrast agents for oral cholecystography: radiologic efficacy and drug safety of iopanoic acid and iopronic acid. Burrell, M; Hedlund, L; Putman, CE, ) | 0.34 |
| " However, the observed findings would appear to be consistent with a toxic effect of iopanoate in the small vessels possibly resulting in ischemic tubular necrosis." | ( Nephrotoxicity of sodium iopanoate in hydrated and dehydrated dogs. Burgener, FA; Fischer, HW, ) | 0.13 |
iopanoic acid's plasma elimination half-life was considerably more rapid (t1/2 of 1-2 days) than that of iophenoxic acid. We also discuss the different pharmacodynamic effects that iopanoed acid has on FT(3) and FT(4) levels.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "A dynamic infusion method, originally developed for the pharmacokinetic studies of Iodoxamic acid, was applied to the kinetic studies of the biliary excretion of another cholecystographic agent, iopanoic acid." | ( Pharmacokinetics of iopanoic acid in the rhesus monkey: biliary excretion, plasma protein binding and biotransformation. Lin, SK; Margules, ER; Moss, AA; Motson, RW; Riegelman, S, ) | 0.64 |
| " The pharmacokinetics of these compounds after intravenous infusion were studied in bile-fistula dogs using both indirect and direct pharmacokinetic techniques." | ( Saturation kinetics of iocetamic acid: Evaluation of indirect pharmacokinetic techniques and comparison with iopanoic acid. Barnhart, JL; Berk, RN; Loeb, PM; Staubus, AE, ) | 0.34 |
| " After oral administration of a single dose, the plasma elimination half-life for iopanoic acid was considerably more rapid (t1/2 of 1-2 days) than that of iophenoxic acid (t1/2 of 81 days)." | ( The plasma pharmacokinetics of iophenoxic and iopanoic acids in goat. Eason, CT; Frampton, CM, 1992) | 0.77 |
| " The dynamic method has the advantage that the pharmacokinetic parameters involved in the hepatic uptake and biliary excretion can be evaluated from a single infusion experiment." | ( Gastrointestinal radiology. Pharmacokinetics of iopanoate and iodoxamate in rhesus monkeys. Lin, SK; Moss, AA; Riegelman, S, ) | 0.13 |
| "The kinetics of iopanoate metabolism have been examined using a physiologic and pharmacokinetic model in rats." | ( Physiologic pharmacokinetic model of iopanoic acid metabolism in rats. Fang, SM; Janes, JO; Liou, IF; Nelson, JA, ) | 0.4 |
| " We also discuss the different pharmacodynamic effects that iopanoic acid has on FT(3) and FT(4) levels." | ( Pharmacodynamic effect of iopanoic acid on free T(3) and T(4) levels in amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis. Falciglia, M; Matrka, L; Nikiforov, Y; Steward, D, 2008) | 0.89 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " Absorption of iopanoic acid followed first-order kinetics, with a first-order absorption rate constant (ka) linearly dependent on the dry intestinal weight." | ( Optimal perfusion rate determined for in situ intestinal absorption studies in rats. Gaginella, TS; Savina, PM; Smith, DF; Staubus, AE, 1981) | 0.62 |
| "The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs." | ( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019) | 0.51 |
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| " Iobenzamic acid, tyropanoic acid, iopanoic acid, and ipodate sodium, in a dosage of 3 g for 3 days, respectively, induced a significant decrease in serum T3 and an increase in rT3 within 24 h after the initial dose, followed by an increase in TSH and a slight increase in T4." | ( Effects of three-day oral cholecystography on serum iodothyronines and TSH concentrations: comparison of the effects among some cholecystographic agents and the effects of iopanoic acid on the pituitary-thyroid axis. Kadena, N; Nakagawa, S; Suzuki, H; Takeuchi, K, 1979) | 0.73 |
| " Each patient received 25 microCi [125I]rT3, iv, in the high T4 state and on day 3 of each IA dosing regimen." | ( Does a hidden pool of reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) production contribute to total thyroxine (T4) disposal in high T4 states in man. Anderson, KP; LoPresti, JS; Nicoloff, JT, 1990) | 0.28 |
| " Such data point out the importance of knowledge of pharmacokinetics of a drug for development of more appropriate dosage regimens of older compounds, theoretical design and testing of new compounds, or to explain clinically observed drug-related phenomenon." | ( Physiologic pharmacokinetic model of iopanoic acid metabolism in rats. Fang, SM; Janes, JO; Liou, IF; Nelson, JA, ) | 0.4 |
| "0 g/day for 7 days) dosing schedule were employed to achieve varying levels of deiodinase inhibition." | ( 3,5,3'-Triiodothyronine (T3) sulfate: a major metabolite in T3 metabolism in man. LoPresti, JS; Nicoloff, JT, 1994) | 0.29 |
| " In a dose-response study half-maximal stimulation by T4 was achieved at a concentration of 100 nM, whereas 50% of maximal induction was produced by 1 nM T3 and 6 nM triiodothyroacetic acid (TRIAC)." | ( L-thyroxine directly affects expression of thyroid hormone-sensitive genes: regulatory effect of RXRbeta. Bartalena, L; Bogazzi, F; Brogioni, S; Burelli, A; Dell'Unto, E; Grasso, L; Manetti, L; Martino, E, 1997) | 0.3 |
| " The relationship between dose rate, time since dosing and blood iodine concentration was assessed for gavaged and baited captive feral pigs." | ( Vaccination of feral pigs (Sus scrofa) using iophenoxic acid as a simulated vaccine. Cowled, BD; Lapidge, SJ; Smith, ML; Staples, LD, ) | 0.13 |
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| monocarboxylic acid | An oxoacid containing a single carboxy group. |
| [compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (µ) | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 53.2456 | 3.1890 | 29.8841 | 59.4836 | AID1224846 |
| RAR-related orphan receptor gamma | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 0.3111 | 0.0060 | 38.0041 | 19,952.5996 | AID1159521 |
| ATAD5 protein, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 10.0000 | 0.0041 | 10.8903 | 31.5287 | AID504467 |
| TDP1 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 7.7740 | 0.0008 | 11.3822 | 44.6684 | AID686978 |
| GLI family zinc finger 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.3144 | 0.0007 | 14.5928 | 83.7951 | AID1259392 |
| AR protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 38.0602 | 0.0002 | 21.2231 | 8,912.5098 | AID1259243; AID1259247; AID743042 |
| estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 28.1408 | 0.0006 | 57.9133 | 22,387.1992 | AID1259378 |
| nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 44.1570 | 0.0010 | 22.6508 | 76.6163 | AID1224838; AID1224839; AID1224893 |
| progesterone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 37.3629 | 0.0004 | 17.9460 | 75.1148 | AID1346795 |
| cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 13.8029 | 0.0123 | 7.9835 | 43.2770 | AID1645841 |
| glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens] | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 24.2381 | 0.0002 | 14.3764 | 60.0339 | AID720692 |
| retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 51.3004 | 0.0030 | 41.6115 | 22,387.1992 | AID1159552; AID1159555 |
| retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 33.8186 | 0.0008 | 17.5051 | 59.3239 | AID1159527; AID1159531 |
| estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 59.6091 | 0.0015 | 30.6073 | 15,848.9004 | AID1259401; AID1259403 |
| pregnane X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 43.1340 | 0.0054 | 28.0263 | 1,258.9301 | AID1346982 |
| estrogen nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 23.8002 | 0.0002 | 29.3054 | 16,493.5996 | AID743069; AID743075; AID743077; AID743078; AID743079 |
| G | Vesicular stomatitis virus | Potency | 34.6713 | 0.0123 | 8.9648 | 39.8107 | AID1645842 |
| cytochrome P450 2D6 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.4871 | 0.0010 | 8.3798 | 61.1304 | AID1645840 |
| peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 24.8397 | 0.0010 | 19.4141 | 70.9645 | AID743140; AID743191 |
| vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 10.6944 | 0.0237 | 23.2282 | 63.5986 | AID743222; AID743223 |
| euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 12.5893 | 0.0355 | 20.9770 | 89.1251 | AID504332 |
| v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 26.2440 | 0.0578 | 21.1097 | 61.2679 | AID1159526; AID1159528 |
| vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 25.1189 | 0.3548 | 28.0659 | 89.1251 | AID504847 |
| thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 55.9964 | 0.0003 | 23.4451 | 159.6830 | AID743065; AID743067 |
| nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 22.1533 | 0.0006 | 27.2152 | 1,122.0200 | AID743202; AID743219 |
| geminin | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.1759 | 0.0046 | 11.3741 | 33.4983 | AID624296; AID624297 |
| Interferon beta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 34.6713 | 0.0033 | 9.1582 | 39.8107 | AID1645842 |
| HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 34.6713 | 0.0123 | 8.9648 | 39.8107 | AID1645842 |
| Cellular tumor antigen p53 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 66.4417 | 0.0023 | 19.5956 | 74.0614 | AID651631 |
| TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.2202 | 1.7783 | 16.2081 | 35.4813 | AID652104 |
| Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 70.7946 | 3.9811 | 46.7448 | 112.2020 | AID720708 |
| Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 34.6713 | 0.0123 | 8.9648 | 39.8107 | AID1645842 |
| cytochrome P450 2C9, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 34.6713 | 0.0123 | 8.9648 | 39.8107 | AID1645842 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
| Assay ID | Title | Year | Journal | Article |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AID1159607 | Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction | 2016 | Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6 | A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway. |
| AID14175 | Distribution of radioactivity of radiolabeled compound in blood of female rats 5 minutes after intravenous administration | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID14182 | Distribution of radioactivity of radiolabeled compound in liver of female rats 30 minutes after intravenous administration | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID174657 | Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis of rat plasma 5 minutes after intravenous administration of radiolabeled compound in albumin | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID1079936 | Choleostatic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is < 2 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHOLE' in source] | |||
| AID174647 | Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis of rat plasma 30 min after intravenous administration of radiolabeled compound in albumin | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID14176 | Distribution of radioactivity of radiolabeled compound in heart of female rats 30 minutes after intravenous administration | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID174659 | Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis of rat plasma 5 minutes after intravenous administration of radiolabeled compound in low-density lipoprotein | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID14181 | Distribution of radioactivity of radiolabeled compound in kidney of female rats 5 minutes after intravenous administration | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID1079938 | Chronic liver disease either proven histopathologically, or through a chonic elevation of serum amino-transferase activity after 6 months. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHRON' in source] | |||
| AID977602 | Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B3-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM | 2013 | Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6 | Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors. |
| AID1079932 | Highest frequency of moderate liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% BIOL' in source] | |||
| AID14183 | Distribution of radioactivity of radiolabeled compound in liver of female rats 5 minutes after intravenous administration | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID174666 | Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis of rat plasma 5 min after intravenous administration of radiolabeled compound in albumin | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID1079935 | Cytolytic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is > 5 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CYTOL' in source] | |||
| AID977599 | Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM | 2013 | Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6 | Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors. |
| AID1079948 | Times to onset, minimal and maximal, observed in the indexed observations. [column 'DELAI' in source] | |||
| AID174670 | Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis of rat plasma after intravenous administration of radiolabeled compound concentration of stacking gel | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID1079934 | Highest frequency of acute liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% AIGUE' in source] | |||
| AID1079931 | Moderate liver toxicity, defined via clinical-chemistry results: ALT or AST serum activity 6 times the normal upper limit (N) or alkaline phosphatase serum activity of 1.7 N. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'BIOL' in source] | |||
| AID1079940 | Granulomatous liver disease, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'GRAN' in source] | |||
| AID1079946 | Presence of at least one case with successful reintroduction. [column 'REINT' in source] | |||
| AID1079942 | Steatosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'STEAT' in source] | |||
| AID1079937 | Severe hepatitis, defined as possibly life-threatening liver failure or through clinical observations. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'MASS' in source] | |||
| AID174669 | Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis of rat plasma after intravenous administration of radiolabeled compound at concentration of low-density lipoprotein | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID1079944 | Benign tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.BEN' in source] | |||
| AID1079933 | Acute liver toxicity defined via clinical observations and clear clinical-chemistry results: serum ALT or AST activity > 6 N or serum alkaline phosphatases activity > 1.7 N. This category includes cytolytic, choleostatic and mixed liver toxicity. Value is | |||
| AID1079947 | Comments (NB not yet translated). [column 'COMMENTAIRES' in source] | |||
| AID1079949 | Proposed mechanism(s) of liver damage. [column 'MEC' in source] | |||
| AID14178 | Distribution of radioactivity of radiolabeled compound in heart of female rats 5 minutes after intravenous administration | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID1079945 | Animal toxicity known. [column 'TOXIC' in source] | |||
| AID14186 | Distribution of radioactivity of radiolabeled compound in lung of female rats 5 minutes after intravenous administration | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID1079941 | Liver damage due to vascular disease: peliosis hepatitis, hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'VASC' in source] | |||
| AID14174 | Distribution of radioactivity of radiolabeled compound in blood of female rats 30 minutes after intravenous administration | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID14179 | Distribution of radioactivity of radiolabeled compound in kidney of female rats 30 minutes after intravenous administration | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID174660 | Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis of rat plasma 5 minutes after intravenous administration of radiolabeled compound in stacking gel | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID174671 | Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis of rat plasma after intravenous administration of radiolabeled compound in high density lipoprotein | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID1079939 | Cirrhosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CIRRH' in source] | |||
| AID1079943 | Malignant tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.MAL' in source] | |||
| AID174506 | Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis of rat plasma 30 min after intravenous administration of radiolabeled compound ( below albumin ) | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID14185 | Distribution of radioactivity of radiolabeled compound in lung of female rats 30 minutes after intravenous administration | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID174663 | Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis of rat plasma 5 minutes after intravenous administration of radiolabeled compound in high density lipoprotein | 1986 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9 | Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 26. Polyiodinated 2-substituted triacylglycerols as hepatographic agents. |
| AID588497 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13 | Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening. |
| AID588497 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set | 2006 | Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5 | Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa. |
| AID588497 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1 | High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors. |
| AID588501 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13 | Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening. |
| AID588501 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set | 2006 | Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5 | Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa. |
| AID588501 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1 | High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors. |
| AID651635 | Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression | |||
| AID1745845 | Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression | |||
| AID588499 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13 | Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening. |
| AID588499 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set | 2006 | Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5 | Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa. |
| AID588499 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1 | High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors. |
| AID504810 | Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign | 2010 | Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7 | A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor. |
| AID504812 | Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign | 2010 | Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7 | A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor. |
| AID1346987 | P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen | 2019 | Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5 | A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. |
| AID1296008 | Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening | 2020 | SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1 | Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening. |
| AID1346986 | P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen | 2019 | Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5 | A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. |
| AID1508630 | Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay | 2021 | Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4 | A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome. |
| AID1347104 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347094 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347083 | qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen | 2020 | Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173 | A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity. |
| AID1347105 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347092 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347108 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347086 | qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal | 2020 | Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173 | A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity. |
| AID1347099 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347100 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347082 | qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal | 2020 | Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173 | A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity. |
| AID1347089 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347091 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347097 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347425 | Rhodamine-PBP qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1) | 2019 | The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46 | Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens. |
| AID1347154 | Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors | 2020 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49 | Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors. |
| AID1347090 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347107 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347095 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347098 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347093 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347096 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347102 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347106 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347407 | qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Pharmaceutical Collection | 2020 | ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7 | High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle. |
| AID1347424 | RapidFire Mass Spectrometry qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1) | 2019 | The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46 | Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens. |
| AID1347103 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347101 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID540299 | A screen for compounds that inhibit the MenB enzyme of Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 2010 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 20, Issue:21 | Synthesis and SAR studies of 1,4-benzoxazine MenB inhibitors: novel antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
| AID588519 | A screen for compounds that inhibit viral RNA polymerase binding and polymerization activities | 2011 | Antiviral research, Sep, Volume: 91, Issue:3 | High-throughput screening identification of poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors. |
| AID1159550 | Human Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) Inhibitor Screening | 2015 | Nature cell biology, Nov, Volume: 17, Issue:11 | 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase links oxidative PPP, lipogenesis and tumour growth by inhibiting LKB1-AMPK signalling. |
| [information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||||
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 356 (71.92) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 55 (11.11) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 45 (9.09) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 29 (5.86) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 10 (2.02) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (37.91) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 33 (5.91%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 18 (3.23%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 25 (4.48%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 482 (86.38%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||