Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2

A nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9HC29]

Synonyms

Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 15;
Inflammatory bowel disease protein 1

Research

Bioassay Publications (9)

Timeframe	Studies on this Protein(%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	0 (0.00)	29.6817
2010's	6 (66.67)	24.3611
2020's	3 (33.33)	2.80

Compounds (12)

Drugs with Inhibition Measurements

Drug	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (mM)	Bioassay(s)	Publication(s)
paclitaxel	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	7.9433	1	1
docetaxel anhydrous	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	5.0119	1	1
3-methyl-7-pentyl-8-(2-phenylethylthio)purine-2,6-dione	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	20.0000	1	1
3-methyl-7-(phenylmethyl)-8-(propan-2-ylthio)purine-2,6-dione	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	18.1000	1	1
1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl-2-benzimidazolamine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	37.4500	4	4
1-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl-2-benzimidazolamine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	19.9000	2	2
1-(benzenesulfonyl)-2-benzimidazolamine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	20.0000	1	1
1-(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl-2-benzimidazolamine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	20.0000	1	1
pd 166285	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0370	1	1
1-(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl-2-benzimidazolamine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	20.0000	1	1
5,6-dimethyl-1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl-2-benzimidazolamine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	20.0000	1	1

Drugs with Activation Measurements

Drug	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (mM)	Bioassay(s)	Publication(s)
muramyl dipeptide	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.0953	3	3

Enables

This protein enables 14 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
actin binding	molecular function	Binding to monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments. [GOC:clt]
protein binding	molecular function	Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators]
ATP binding	molecular function	Binding to ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. [ISBN:0198506732]
enzyme binding	molecular function	Binding to an enzyme, a protein with catalytic activity. [GOC:jl]
protein kinase binding	molecular function	Binding to a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate. [GOC:jl]
Hsp70 protein binding	molecular function	Binding to a Hsp70 protein, heat shock proteins around 70kDa in size. [ISBN:0198506732]
muramyl dipeptide binding	molecular function	Interacting selectively and non-covalently, in a non-covalent manner, with muramyl dipeptide; muramyl dipeptide is derived from peptidoglycan. [GOC:rl]
pattern recognition receptor activity	molecular function	Combining with a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP), a structure conserved among microbial species to initiate an innate immune response. [GOC:ar, GOC:bf]
peptidoglycan binding	molecular function	Interacting selectively and non-covalently, in a non-covalent manner, with peptidoglycan, any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls. [GOC:go_curators, PMID:14698226]
ubiquitin binding	molecular function	Binding to ubiquitin, a protein that when covalently bound to other cellular proteins marks them for proteolytic degradation. [GOC:ecd]
ADP binding	molecular function	Binding to ADP, adenosine 5'-diphosphate. [GOC:jl]
protein-containing complex binding	molecular function	Binding to a macromolecular complex. [GOC:jl]
CARD domain binding	molecular function	Binding to a CARD (N-terminal caspase recruitment) domain, a protein-protein interaction domain that belongs to the death domain-fold superfamily. These protein molecule families are similar in structure with each consisting of six or seven anti-parallel alpha-helices that form highly specific homophilic interactions between signaling partners. CARD exists in the N-terminal prodomains of several caspases and in apoptosis-regulatory proteins and mediates the assembly of CARD-containing proteins that participate in activation or suppression of CARD carrying members of the caspase family. [PMID:12054670]
Hsp90 protein binding	molecular function	Binding to Hsp90 proteins, any of a group of heat shock proteins around 90kDa in size. [GOC:ai]

Located In

This protein is located in 10 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
cytoplasm	cellular component	The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684]
mitochondrion	cellular component	A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration. [GOC:giardia, ISBN:0198506732]
Golgi apparatus	cellular component	A membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelle of the endomembrane system that further processes the core oligosaccharides (e.g. N-glycans) added to proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and packages them into membrane-bound vesicles. The Golgi apparatus operates at the intersection of the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways. [ISBN:0198506732]
cytosol	cellular component	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. [GOC:hjd, GOC:jl]
cytoskeleton	cellular component	A cellular structure that forms the internal framework of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The cytoskeleton includes intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles. [GOC:mah, PMID:16959967, PMID:27419875]
plasma membrane	cellular component	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363]
cell surface	cellular component	The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sm]
basolateral plasma membrane	cellular component	The region of the plasma membrane that includes the basal end and sides of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis. [GOC:go_curators]
vesicle	cellular component	Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane. [GOC:mah, GOC:pz, GOC:vesicles]
phagocytic vesicle	cellular component	A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle that arises from the ingestion of particulate material by phagocytosis. [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732]

Active In

This protein is active in 3 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
cytosol	cellular component	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. [GOC:hjd, GOC:jl]
plasma membrane	cellular component	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363]
extrinsic component of plasma membrane	cellular component	The component of a plasma membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:curators, GOC:dos]

Part Of

This protein is part of 1 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
protein-containing complex	cellular component	A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]

Involved In

This protein is involved in 76 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
temperature homeostasis	biological process	A homeostatic process in which an organism modulates its internal body temperature. [GOC:jl]
pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway	biological process	The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a pattern recognition receptor (PRR), and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. PRRs bind pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs), structures conserved among microbial species, or damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMPs), endogenous molecules released from damaged cells. [GOC:add, GOC:ar, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:15199967]
innate immune response in mucosa	biological process	Any process of the innate immune response that takes place in the mucosal tissues. [GOC:add, PMID:10719665, PMID:15971105]
adaptive immune response	biological process	An immune response mediated by cells expressing specific receptors for antigens produced through a somatic diversification process, and allowing for an enhanced secondary response to subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149]
positive regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation. [GOC:add]
negative regulation of T cell mediated immunity	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell mediated immunity. [GOC:add]
positive regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of cytokine production that contributes to an immune response. [GOC:add]
positive regulation of dendritic cell cytokine production	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of dendritic cell cytokine production. [GOC:add]
biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria	biological process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an antibacterial peptide with activity against Gram-positive bacteria. [GOC:add]
positive regulation of type 2 immune response	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a type 2 immune response. [GOC:add]
negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus. [GOC:add]
positive regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin. [GOC:add]
phagocytosis	biological process	A vesicle-mediated transport process that results in the engulfment of external particulate material by phagocytes and their delivery to the lysosome. The particles are initially contained within phagocytic vacuoles (phagosomes), which then fuse with primary lysosomes to effect digestion of the particles. [ISBN:0198506732]
defense response	biological process	Reactions, triggered in response to the presence of a foreign body or the occurrence of an injury, which result in restriction of damage to the organism attacked or prevention/recovery from the infection caused by the attack. [GOC:go_curators]
positive regulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of biosynthesis of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria. [GOC:mah, PMID:10973475]
JNK cascade	biological process	A MAPK cascade containing at least the JNK (MAPK8) MAP kinase. It starts with the activation of JUN3K (a MAPK3K), which activates JNKK a MAP2K), which in turn activates JNK. The cascade can also contain an additional tier: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier. The JNK cascade is activated by stress signals, as well as by G protein-coupled receptors, growth factors, and cytokines, and results in cellular responses such as cell proliferation, cell differentiation, apoptosis and inflammation. [PMID:11790549, PMID:20811974, PMID:23125017]
response to nutrient	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nutrient stimulus. [GOC:go_curators]
detection of biotic stimulus	biological process	The series of events in which a biotic stimulus, one caused or produced by a living organism, is received and converted into a molecular signal. [GOC:hb]
negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production	biological process	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage cytokine production. Macrophage cytokine production is the appearance of a chemokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]
detection of bacterium	biological process	The series of events in which a stimulus from a bacterium is received and converted into a molecular signal. [GOC:hb]
maintenance of gastrointestinal epithelium	biological process	Protection of epithelial surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract from proteolytic and caustic digestive agents. [GOC:mah]
regulation of appetite	biological process	Any process which modulates appetite, the desire or physical craving for food. [GOC:add]
response to muramyl dipeptide	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a muramyl dipeptide stimulus. Muramyl dipeptide is derived from peptidoglycan. [GOC:add]
detection of muramyl dipeptide	biological process	The series of events in which a muramyl dipeptide stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Muramyl dipeptide is derived from peptidoglycan. [GOC:rl, PMID:15998797]
negative regulation of type II interferon production	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-gamma production. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon. [GOC:add, GOC:mah, PMID:15546383]
negative regulation of interleukin-12 production	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-12 production. [GOC:mah]
negative regulation of interleukin-18 production	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-18 production. [GOC:mah, PMID:23710316]
negative regulation of interleukin-2 production	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-2 production. [GOC:mah]
negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of tumor necrosis factor production. [GOC:mah, PMID:10891884, PMID:15560120]
positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 beta production. [GOC:mah]
positive regulation of interleukin-12 production	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-12 production. [GOC:mah]
positive regulation of interleukin-17 production	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of any member of the interleukin-17 family of cytokines. [GOC:add, GOC:mah, PMID:16482511]
positive regulation of interleukin-6 production	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production. [GOC:mah]
positive regulation of interleukin-8 production	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-8 production. [GOC:mah]
positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tumor necrosis factor production. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:10891884, PMID:15560120]
toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway	biological process	The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to toll-like receptor 2. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]
negative regulation of toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]
response to endoplasmic reticulum stress	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stress acting at the endoplasmic reticulum. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen. [GOC:cjm, GOC:mah]
intracellular signal transduction	biological process	The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell. [GOC:bf, GOC:jl, GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782]
intestinal stem cell homeostasis	biological process	Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of intestinal stem cells within a population of cells. [GOC:nhn, PMID:22042863, PMID:22608824]
defense response to bacterium	biological process	Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism. [GOC:jl]
positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a canonical NF-kappaB signaling cascade. [GOC:jl]
response to exogenous dsRNA	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an exogenous double-stranded RNA stimulus. [GOC:go_curators]
positive regulation of MAPK cascade	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the MAPK cascade. [GOC:go_curators]
innate immune response	biological process	Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:ebc, GOC:mtg_sensu]
positive regulation of Notch signaling pathway	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the Notch signaling pathway. [GOC:go_curators]
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH]
positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell activation. [GOC:ai]
host-mediated regulation of intestinal microbiota composition	biological process	The biological process involved in maintaining the steady-state number of cells within a population of free-living cells such as the bacteria in the gut. [PMID:25757720]
positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation. [GOC:ai]
regulation of inflammatory response	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response, the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. [GOC:ai]
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine. [GOC:ai]
positive regulation of phagocytosis	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis. [GOC:ai]
positive regulation of B cell activation	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of B cell activation. [GOC:ai]
positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:15087454, PMID:15170030]
stress-activated MAPK cascade	biological process	A MAPK cascade that starts with the activation of a stress-activated MAP kinase cascade. [GOC:ai, PMID:15936270]
establishment of localization in cell	biological process	Any process, occuring in a cell, that localizes a substance or cellular component. This may occur via movement, tethering or selective degradation. [GOC:ai, GOC:dos, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nitric oxide synthase enzyme. [GOC:ai]
positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production	biological process	Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage cytokine production. Macrophage cytokine production is the appearance of a chemokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	biological process	A MAPK cascade containing at least the ERK1 or ERK2 MAP kinases. It starts with the activation of a MAP3K, and the consecutive activation of a MPK2K and of ERK1 or ERK2. The cascade can also contain an additional tier: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinase in the downstream tier. The ERK1/ERK2 cascade is activated by mitogens, growth factors, G protein-coupled receptors, and results in cellular responses such as cell proliferation, cell differentiation and development. [PMID:20811974, PMID:23125017, PMID:28903453]
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. [GOC:mah]
nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway	biological process	The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a ligand (such as a bacterial peptidoglycan) to a cytoplasmic nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) protein receptor, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process. [GOC:add, PMID:17944960, PMID:18585455]
cellular response to lipopolysaccharide	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipopolysaccharide stimulus; lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria. [GOC:mah]
cellular response to peptidoglycan	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptidoglycan stimulus. Peptidoglycan is a bacterial cell wall macromolecule. [GOC:mah]
cellular response to muramyl dipeptide	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a muramyl dipeptide stimulus. Muramyl dipeptide is derived from peptidoglycan. [GOC:mah]
cellular response to organic cyclic compound	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus. [GOC:mah]
positive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of monocyte chemotactic protein-1. [GOC:mah]
regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil chemotaxis. Neutrophil chemotaxis is the directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
xenophagy	biological process	The selective degradation of intracellular pathogen or some part of an intracellular pathogen (e.g. viral capsid) by macroautophagy. [GOC:autophagy, GOC:pad, GOC:PARL, PMID:19802565, PMID:20159618, PMID:25497060]
antibacterial innate immune response	biological process	An defense response against a bacteria mediated through an innate immune response. An innate immune response is mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. [PMID:16177355, PMID:23006328]
positive regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response. [GOC:TermGenie]
positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the non-canonical NF-kappaB cascade. [GOC:TermGenie]
positive regulation of mitophagy	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitophagy. [GOC:TermGenie]
positive regulation of protein K63-linked ubiquitination	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein K63-linked ubiquitination. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:21931591]
positive regulation of xenophagy	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of xenophagy. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:pad, GOC:PARL, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:21617041]
negative regulation of macrophage apoptotic process	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage apoptotic process. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]