A receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:O43353]
EC 2.7.11.1; This protein enables 13 target(s): This protein is located in 5 target(s): This protein is active in 1 target(s): This protein is part of 1 target(s): This protein is involved in 58 target(s):
CARD-containing interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme-associated kinase;
CARD-containing IL-1 beta ICE-kinase;
RIP-like-interacting CLARP kinase;
Receptor-interacting protein 2;
RIP-2;
Tyrosine-protein kinase RIPK2;Research
Bioassay Publications (19)
Timeframe Studies on this Protein(%) All Drugs % pre-1990 0 (0.00) 18.7374 1990's 0 (0.00) 18.2507 2000's 6 (31.58) 29.6817 2010's 11 (57.89) 24.3611 2020's 2 (10.53) 2.80 Compounds (244)
Drugs with Inhibition Measurements
Drug Taxonomy Measurement Average (mM) Bioassay(s) Publication(s) 1-NA-PP1 Homo sapiens (human) IC50 0.1200 1 1 ag 1879 Homo sapiens (human) IC50 0.0190 1 1 zm 336372 Homo sapiens (human) IC50 100.0000 1 1 staurosporine Homo sapiens (human) IC50 0.3560 2 2 birb 796 Homo sapiens (human) IC50 10.0000 1 1 sb 203580 Homo sapiens (human) IC50 1.0359 7 8 sorafenib Homo sapiens (human) IC50 3.6000 1 1 Src Inhibitor-1 Homo sapiens (human) IC50 0.0260 1 1 dasatinib Homo sapiens (human) IC50 0.1090 1 1 dasatinib Homo sapiens (human) Ki 0.0100 1 1 1-tert-butyl-3-naphthalen-1-ylmethyl-1h-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-4-ylemine Homo sapiens (human) IC50 0.1300 1 1 pd 166285 Homo sapiens (human) IC50 0.0130 1 1 sb-505124 Homo sapiens (human) IC50 0.6850 1 1 ly-2157299 Homo sapiens (human) IC50 0.0440 1 1 in 1130 Homo sapiens (human) IC50 0.1110 1 1 ponatinib Homo sapiens (human) IC50 0.0038 2 2 dabrafenib Homo sapiens (human) IC50 0.0770 1 1 pf 3644022 Homo sapiens (human) IC50 0.5900 1 0 ew-7197 Homo sapiens (human) IC50 0.0540 1 1 Drugs with Activation Measurements
Drug Taxonomy Measurement Average (mM) Bioassay(s) Publication(s) fasudil Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 4-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline Homo sapiens (human) Kd 5.9390 1 1 sb 202190 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.2500 2 2 imatinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 16.6667 3 3 triciribine phosphate Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 staurosporine Homo sapiens (human) Kd 5.1667 3 3 picropodophyllin Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 gefitinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.6908 4 4 lestaurtinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 10.4267 3 3 perifosine Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 2 vatalanib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 16.6667 3 3 ruboxistaurin Homo sapiens (human) Kd 16.6667 3 3 canertinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.4023 4 4 birb 796 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 7.9000 2 2 cyc 202 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 20.0000 2 2 sb 203580 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.7160 3 3 enzastaurin Homo sapiens (human) Kd 20.0000 2 2 erlotinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 3.3008 4 4 lapatinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 12.4000 3 3 sorafenib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 7.3600 5 5 pd 173955 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.0160 1 1 s 1033 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 20.0000 2 2 xl147 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 bms 387032 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 16.6667 3 3 sf 2370 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.5260 1 1 tandutinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 15.0000 4 4 vx-745 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 10.0000 2 2 dasatinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.0273 3 3 ha 1100 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 7-epi-hydroxystaurosporine Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 zd 6474 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.0286 4 4 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1h-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide Homo sapiens (human) Kd 3.4000 1 1 imd 0354 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 2 sirolimus Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 alvocidib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 16.6667 3 3 bosutinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 16.8500 2 2 orantinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 su 11248 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 15.0000 4 4 palbociclib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 jnj-7706621 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 10.0000 1 1 vx680 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 16.6667 3 3 cyc 116 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 3.2920 1 1 everolimus Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 2 ekb 569 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 20.0000 2 2 axitinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 19.9500 2 2 temsirolimus Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 pd 184352 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 10.0000 1 1 on 01910 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 av 412 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 telatinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 y-39983 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 cp 547632 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.9580 1 1 bms345541 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 10.0000 1 1 lenvatinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.0110 1 1 pd 0325901 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 midostaurin Homo sapiens (human) Kd 15.0000 4 4 px-866 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 ripasudil Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 osi 930 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 ki 20227 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.2900 1 1 scio-469 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 cp 724714 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 20.0000 2 2 pi103 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 10.0000 2 2 hmn-214 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 tivozanib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.8010 1 1 hki 272 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 20.0000 2 2 tofacitinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 16.6667 3 3 n-(6-chloro-7-methoxy-9h-beta-carbolin-8-yl)-2-methylnicotinamide Homo sapiens (human) Kd 10.0000 1 1 cediranib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 15.0490 2 2 masitinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 20.0000 2 2 ly-2157299 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.0380 1 1 pazopanib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 2.9417 3 3 azd 6244 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 20.0000 2 2 su 14813 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 16.6667 3 3 bibw 2992 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 16.3500 2 2 binimetinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 sotrastaurin Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 aee 788 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 saracatinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.0020 1 1 vx 702 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 crenolanib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 1.3120 1 1 tg100-115 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 1.2335 2 2 cc 401 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 bms 599626 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 2 exel-7647 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.0330 1 1 volasertib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 pha 665752 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 10.0000 1 1 azd 7762 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 regorafenib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.7670 1 1 6-[[5-fluoro-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyanilino)-4-pyrimidinyl]amino]-2,2-dimethyl-4H-pyrido[3,2-b][1,4]oxazin-3-one Homo sapiens (human) Kd 15.4850 2 2 brivanib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 16.4500 2 2 mp470 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 rgb 286638 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 np 031112 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 at 7519 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 20.0000 2 2 bms-690514 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 bi 2536 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 20.0000 2 2 inno-406 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 1.4690 1 1 nvp-ast487 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 1.1000 2 2 kw 2449 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 16.8500 2 2 danusertib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 abt 869 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 16.6667 3 3 azd 8931 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.7510 1 1 arq 197 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 azd 1152 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 1.8500 1 1 pf 00299804 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.9880 1 1 ridaforolimus Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 ch 4987655 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 6-(5-((cyclopropylamino)carbonyl)-3-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-n-(2,2-dimethylprpyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 2 cc-930 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 gw 2580 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 10.0000 2 2 tak 285 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 idelalisib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 2 crizotinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 15.4500 2 2 osi 906 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 1.3640 1 1 chir-265 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 10.6333 3 3 motesanib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 16.4333 3 3 fostamatinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 trametinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 2 mln8054 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 16.6667 3 3 pf-562,271 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 2 GDC-0879 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 2.5000 1 1 jnj-26483327 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.3900 1 1 ly2603618 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 tg100801 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.1920 1 1 dactolisib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 bgt226 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 gsk 461364 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 20.0000 2 2 azd 1152-hqpa Homo sapiens (human) Kd 15.9000 3 4 nvp-tae684 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 9.6000 1 1 enmd 2076 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 e 7050 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.0970 1 1 2-amino-8-ethyl-4-methyl-6-(1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-7-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidinone Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 tak-901 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 gdc-0973 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 buparlisib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 azd 1480 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 azd8330 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 pha 848125 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 ro5126766 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 fedratinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 18.0500 2 2 gsk690693 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 20.0000 2 2 14-methyl-20-oxa-5,7,14,26-tetraazatetracyclo(19.3.1.1(2,6).1(8,12))heptacosa-1(25),2(26),3,5,8(27),9,11,16,21,23-decaene Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 azd5438 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 pf 04217903 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 gdc 0941 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 20.0000 2 2 icotinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 2.6270 1 1 ph 797804 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 kx-01 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 plx 4720 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.4300 1 1 mk 5108 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 cx 4945 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 cudc 101 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 1.0900 1 1 arry-614 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 tak 593 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 mln 8237 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 sgx 523 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 20.0000 2 2 bms 754807 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 bms 777607 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 sgi 1776 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 pci 32765 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.0570 1 1 ponatinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.0830 1 1 amg 900 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 mk-1775 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 AMG-208 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 quizartinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 14.2333 3 3 at13148 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 tak 733 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 mk 2206 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 sns 314 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 lucitanib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.1990 1 1 pf-04691502 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 n-(cyanomethyl)-4-(2-((4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl)amino)-4-pyrimidinyl)benzamide Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 dcc-2036 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 cabozantinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.7670 1 1 defactinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 ly2584702 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 incb-018424 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 20.0000 2 2 poziotinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.0480 1 1 asp3026 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 entrectinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 2 pexidartinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 TAK-580 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 gsk 2126458 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 emd1214063 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 gsk 1838705a Homo sapiens (human) Kd 10.0000 1 1 pf 3758309 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 gdc 0980 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 2 azd2014 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 (5-(2,4-bis((3s)-3-methylmorpholin-4-yl)pyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-7-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl)methanol Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 plx4032 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.4270 1 1 gsk 1363089 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.0375 2 2 arry-334543 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.8100 1 1 kin-193 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 mk 2461 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 bay 869766 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 as 703026 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 baricitinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 dabrafenib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.1060 1 1 pki 587 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 n-(3-fluoro-4-((1-methyl-6-(1h-pyrazol-4-yl)-1h-indazol-5 yl)oxy)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 ribociclib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 mk-8033 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 pha 793887 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 sb 1518 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 abemaciclib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 mk-8776 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 afuresertib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 gsk 1070916 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.6110 1 1 jnj38877605 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 dinaciclib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 gilteritinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.4820 1 1 alectinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 glpg0634 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 encorafenib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.3230 1 1 bms-911543 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 gsk2141795 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 azd8186 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 byl719 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 cep-32496 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.4420 1 1 rociletinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 ceritinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 azd1208 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 vx-509 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 debio 1347 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 volitinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 osimertinib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 at 9283 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 otssp167 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.0050 1 1 chir 258 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 20.0000 3 4 osi 027 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 1.1630 1 1 nintedanib Homo sapiens (human) Kd 23.3333 2 3 bay 80-6946 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 30.0000 1 1 pp242 Homo sapiens (human) Kd 0.0770 1 1 Enables
Target Category Definition protein serine/threonine kinase activity molecular function Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate. [GOC:bf, MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN, PMID:2956925] non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity molecular function Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + protein L-tyrosine = ADP + protein L-tyrosine phosphate by a non-membrane spanning protein. [EC:2.7.10.2] signaling receptor binding molecular function Binding to one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function. [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] protein binding molecular function Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators] ATP binding molecular function Binding to ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. [ISBN:0198506732] LIM domain binding molecular function Binding to a LIM domain (for Lin-11 Isl-1 Mec-3) of a protein, a domain with seven conserved cysteine residues and a histidine, that binds two zinc ions and acts as an interface for protein-protein interactions. [GOC:go_curators, Pfam:PF00412] signaling adaptor activity molecular function The binding activity of a molecule that brings together two or more molecules in a signaling pathway, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way. Adaptor molecules themselves do not have catalytic activity. [GOC:bf, PMID:19104498] identical protein binding molecular function Binding to an identical protein or proteins. [GOC:jl] protein homodimerization activity molecular function Binding to an identical protein to form a homodimer. [GOC:jl] CARD domain binding molecular function Binding to a CARD (N-terminal caspase recruitment) domain, a protein-protein interaction domain that belongs to the death domain-fold superfamily. These protein molecule families are similar in structure with each consisting of six or seven anti-parallel alpha-helices that form highly specific homophilic interactions between signaling partners. CARD exists in the N-terminal prodomains of several caspases and in apoptosis-regulatory proteins and mediates the assembly of CARD-containing proteins that participate in activation or suppression of CARD carrying members of the caspase family. [PMID:12054670] caspase binding molecular function Binding to a caspase family protein. [GOC:dos, GOC:ha] protein serine kinase activity molecular function Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate. [RHEA:17989] JUN kinase kinase kinase activity molecular function Catalysis of the reaction: JNKK + ATP = JNKK phosphate + ADP. This reaction is the phosphorylation and activation of JUN kinase kinases (JNKKs). [GOC:bf] Located In
Target Category Definition cytoplasm cellular component The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684] endoplasmic reticulum cellular component The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). [ISBN:0198506732] cytosol cellular component The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. [GOC:hjd, GOC:jl] cytoskeleton cellular component A cellular structure that forms the internal framework of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The cytoskeleton includes intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles. [GOC:mah, PMID:16959967, PMID:27419875] vesicle cellular component Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane. [GOC:mah, GOC:pz, GOC:vesicles] Active In
Target Category Definition plasma membrane cellular component The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363] Part Of
Target Category Definition protein-containing complex cellular component A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah] Involved In
Target Category Definition positive regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a cytokine mediated signaling pathway. [GOC:hjd] adaptive immune response biological process An immune response mediated by cells expressing specific receptors for antigens produced through a somatic diversification process, and allowing for an enhanced secondary response to subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] positive regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a T-helper 1 type immune response. [GOC:add] apoptotic process biological process A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. [GOC:cjm, GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:18846107, PMID:21494263] inflammatory response biological process The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages. [GO_REF:0000022, ISBN:0198506732] signal transduction biological process The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction biological process An intracellular signaling cassette characterized by the I-kappaB-kinase (IKK)-dependent activation of NF-kappaB, also known as the canonical NF-kappaB signaling cascade. The cascade begins with activation of a trimeric IKK complex (consisting of catalytic kinase subunits IKKalpha and/or IKKbeta, and the regulatory scaffold protein NEMO) and ends with the regulation of transcription of target genes by NF-kappaB. In a resting state, NF-kappaB dimers are bound to I-kappaB proteins, sequestering NF-kappaB in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of I-kappaB targets I-kappaB for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thus releasing the NF-kappaB dimers, which can translocate to the nucleus to bind DNA and regulate transcription. The canonical NF-kappaB pathway is mainly stimulated by proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1beta, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, antigen ligands, and toll-like receptors (TLRs). [GOC:bf, PMID:12773372, PMID:34659217] JNK cascade biological process A MAPK cascade containing at least the JNK (MAPK8) MAP kinase. It starts with the activation of JUN3K (a MAPK3K), which activates JNKK a MAP2K), which in turn activates JNK. The cascade can also contain an additional tier: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier. The JNK cascade is activated by stress signals, as well as by G protein-coupled receptors, growth factors, and cytokines, and results in cellular responses such as cell proliferation, cell differentiation, apoptosis and inflammation. [PMID:11790549, PMID:20811974, PMID:23125017] positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation biological process Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation. Peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation is the phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] cytokine-mediated signaling pathway biological process The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a cytokine to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling, PMID:19295629] positive regulation of protein ubiquitination biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of ubiquitin groups to a protein. [GOC:mah] lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway biological process The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to a receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Lipopolysaccharides are major components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, making them prime targets for recognition by the immune system. [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling, PMID:15379975] positive regulation of protein binding biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding. [GOC:mah] positive regulation of chemokine production biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of chemokine production. [GOC:mah] positive regulation of interferon-alpha production biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-alpha production. [GOC:mah, PMID:15546383] positive regulation of interferon-beta production biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-beta production. [GOC:mah, PMID:15546383] positive regulation of type II interferon production biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-gamma production. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon. [GOC:add, GOC:mah, PMID:15546383] positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 beta production. [GOC:mah] positive regulation of interleukin-12 production biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-12 production. [GOC:mah] positive regulation of interleukin-2 production biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-2 production. [GOC:mah] positive regulation of interleukin-6 production biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production. [GOC:mah] positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tumor necrosis factor production. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:10891884, PMID:15560120] positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the stress-activated MAPK cascade. [GOC:mah] immature T cell proliferation in thymus biological process The expansion of an immature T cell population by cell division in the thymus. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] positive regulation of immature T cell proliferation in thymus biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus. [GOC:add, GOC:mah] positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine. [GOC:mah] toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway biological process The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to toll-like receptor 4. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678] CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation biological process The expansion of a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell population by cell division. [CL:0000624, GOC:BHF] defense response to bacterium biological process Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism. [GOC:jl] positive regulation of apoptotic process biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_apoptosis] response to exogenous dsRNA biological process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an exogenous double-stranded RNA stimulus. [GOC:go_curators] innate immune response biological process Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:ebc, GOC:mtg_sensu] positive regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 1 cell differentiation. [GOC:go_curators] positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] positive regulation of JNK cascade biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade. [GOC:bf] positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine. [GOC:ai] defense response to Gram-positive bacterium biological process Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a Gram-positive bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism. [GOC:ai] T cell receptor signaling pathway biological process The series of molecular signals initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell. [GOC:add] positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:15087454, PMID:15170030] protein homooligomerization biological process The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of identical component monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer. [GOC:ai] stress-activated MAPK cascade biological process A MAPK cascade that starts with the activation of a stress-activated MAP kinase cascade. [GOC:ai, PMID:15936270] positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production biological process Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage cytokine production. Macrophage cytokine production is the appearance of a chemokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] ERK1 and ERK2 cascade biological process A MAPK cascade containing at least the ERK1 or ERK2 MAP kinases. It starts with the activation of a MAP3K, and the consecutive activation of a MPK2K and of ERK1 or ERK2. The cascade can also contain an additional tier: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinase in the downstream tier. The ERK1/ERK2 cascade is activated by mitogens, growth factors, G protein-coupled receptors, and results in cellular responses such as cell proliferation, cell differentiation and development. [PMID:20811974, PMID:23125017, PMID:28903453] positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. [GOC:mah] nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 signaling pathway biological process The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a ligand (such as a bacterial peptidoglycan) to a cytoplasmic nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 (NOD1) protein receptor, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process. [GOC:add, PMID:17944960, PMID:18585455] nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway biological process The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a ligand (such as a bacterial peptidoglycan) to a cytoplasmic nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) protein receptor, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process. [GOC:add, PMID:17944960, PMID:18585455] response to interleukin-1 biological process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-1 stimulus. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah] response to interleukin-12 biological process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-12 stimulus. [GOC:mah] response to interleukin-18 biological process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-18 stimulus. [GOC:mah] cellular response to lipoteichoic acid biological process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipoteichoic acid stimulus; lipoteichoic acid is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor. [GOC:mah] cellular response to peptidoglycan biological process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptidoglycan stimulus. Peptidoglycan is a bacterial cell wall macromolecule. [GOC:mah] cellular response to muramyl dipeptide biological process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a muramyl dipeptide stimulus. Muramyl dipeptide is derived from peptidoglycan. [GOC:mah] activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity biological process Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme cysteine-type endopeptidase. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:21726810] xenophagy biological process The selective degradation of intracellular pathogen or some part of an intracellular pathogen (e.g. viral capsid) by macroautophagy. [GOC:autophagy, GOC:pad, GOC:PARL, PMID:19802565, PMID:20159618, PMID:25497060] positive regulation of protein K63-linked ubiquitination biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein K63-linked ubiquitination. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:21931591] positive regulation of xenophagy biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of xenophagy. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:pad, GOC:PARL, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:21617041] positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation. [GOC:obol] positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a canonical NF-kappaB signaling cascade. [GOC:jl]