A microtubule-associated protein tau that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DAN]
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|
| DNA binding | molecular function | Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb, GOC:vw] |
| minor groove of adenine-thymine-rich DNA binding | molecular function | Binding to a DNA structure formed by the minor groove of adenine-thymine-rich DNA regions. Examples of proteins having this function are AT-rich interaction domain (ARID)-containing proteins. [GOC:jl, PMID:10545119, PMID:15802641, PMID:26223912, PMID:2670564] |
| double-stranded DNA binding | molecular function | Binding to double-stranded DNA. [GOC:elh, GOC:vw] |
| single-stranded DNA binding | molecular function | Binding to single-stranded DNA. [GOC:elh, GOC:vw, PMID:22976174] |
| RNA binding | molecular function | Binding to an RNA molecule or a portion thereof. [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
| actin binding | molecular function | Binding to monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments. [GOC:clt] |
| protein binding | molecular function | Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators] |
| microtubule binding | molecular function | Binding to a microtubule, a filament composed of tubulin monomers. [GOC:krc] |
| SH3 domain binding | molecular function | Binding to a SH3 domain (Src homology 3) of a protein, small protein modules containing approximately 50 amino acid residues found in a great variety of intracellular or membrane-associated proteins. [GOC:go_curators, Pfam:PF00018] |
| enzyme binding | molecular function | Binding to an enzyme, a protein with catalytic activity. [GOC:jl] |
| protein kinase binding | molecular function | Binding to a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate. [GOC:jl] |
| protein-macromolecule adaptor activity | molecular function | The binding activity of a protein that brings together two or more macromolecules in contact, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way. The adaptor can bring together two proteins, or a protein and another macromolecule such as a lipid or a nucleic acid. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:vw] |
| apolipoprotein binding | molecular function | Binding to an apolipoprotein, the protein component of a lipoprotein complex. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl] |
| dynactin binding | molecular function | Binding to a dynactin complex; a large protein complex that activates dynein-based motor activity. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah] |
| phosphatidylinositol binding | molecular function | Binding to an inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives. [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] |
| identical protein binding | molecular function | Binding to an identical protein or proteins. [GOC:jl] |
| sequence-specific DNA binding | molecular function | Binding to DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding. [GOC:jl] |
| protein-folding chaperone binding | molecular function | Binding to a chaperone protein, a class of proteins that bind to nascent or unfolded polypeptides and ensure correct folding or transport. [PMID:10585443] |
| protein phosphatase 2A binding | molecular function | Binding to protein phosphatase 2A. [GOC:ai] |
| Hsp90 protein binding | molecular function | Binding to Hsp90 proteins, any of a group of heat shock proteins around 90kDa in size. [GOC:ai] |
| lipoprotein particle binding | molecular function | Binding to a lipoprotein particle. A lipoprotein particle, also known as a lipoprotein, is a clathrate complex consisting of a lipid enwrapped in a protein host without covalent binding in such a way that the complex has a hydrophilic outer surface consisting of all the protein and the polar ends of any phospholipids. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah] |
| histone-dependent DNA binding | molecular function | DNA-binding activity that is dependent on binding to a histone. [PMID:11691835] |
| microtubule lateral binding | molecular function | Binding to the side of a microtubule. [GOC:dos] |
| phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate binding | molecular function | Binding to phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate. [GO_REF:0000067, GOC:bhm, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18690034] |
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|
| extracellular region | cellular component | The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. [GOC:go_curators] |
| nucleus | cellular component | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators] |
| cytoplasm | cellular component | The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684] |
| mitochondrion | cellular component | A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration. [GOC:giardia, ISBN:0198506732] |
| cytosol | cellular component | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. [GOC:hjd, GOC:jl] |
| plasma membrane | cellular component | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363] |
| microtubule cytoskeleton | cellular component | The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of microtubules and associated proteins. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] |
| nuclear speck | cellular component | A discrete extra-nucleolar subnuclear domain, 20-50 in number, in which splicing factors are seen to be localized by immunofluorescence microscopy. [http://www.cellnucleus.com/] |
| axon | cellular component | The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter. [GOC:nln, ISBN:0198506732] |
| dendrite | cellular component | A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, morphology. Dendrites receive and integrate signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conduct nerve impulses towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:dos, GOC:mah, GOC:nln, ISBN:0198506732] |
| growth cone | cellular component | The migrating motile tip of a growing neuron projection, where actin accumulates, and the actin cytoskeleton is the most dynamic. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, ISBN:0815316194, PMID:10082468] |
| axolemma | cellular component | The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding an axon; it is a specialized trilaminar random mosaic of protein molecules floating within a fluid matrix of highly mobile phospholipid molecules, 7-8 nm in thickness. [http://www.medik.sk/clanky/bio_jun.htm, ISBN:0124325653] |
| nuclear periphery | cellular component | The portion of the nuclear lumen proximal to the inner nuclear membrane. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah] |
| cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule | cellular component | A ribonucleoprotein granule located in the cytoplasm. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:15121898] |
| somatodendritic compartment | cellular component | The region of a neuron that includes the cell body (cell soma) and dendrite(s), but excludes the axon. [GOC:pad, GOC:PARL] |
| neuronal cell body | cellular component | The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites. [GOC:go_curators] |
| dendritic spine | cellular component | A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment, typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable:they can be thin, stubby, mushroom, or branched, with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity. [GOC:nln] |
| cell body | cellular component | The portion of a cell bearing surface projections such as axons, dendrites, cilia, or flagella that includes the nucleus, but excludes all cell projections. [GOC:go_curators] |
| main axon | cellular component | The main axonal trunk, as opposed to the collaterals; i.e., excluding collaterals, terminal, spines, or dendrites. [NIF_Subcellular:sao1596975044] |
| membrane raft | cellular component | Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions. [PMID:16645198, PMID:20044567] |
| glial cell projection | cellular component | A prolongation or process extending from a glial cell. [GOC:mc] |
| neurofibrillary tangle | cellular component | Intracellular mass of paired, helically wound protein filaments (also called PHF) lying in the cytoplasm of neuronal cell bodies and neuritic cell processes. Neurofibrillary tangles contain an abnormally phosphorylated form of a microtubule-associated protein, tau. The shape of these inclusions may resemble a flame or a star. [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090201, NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090202, NIF_Subcellular:sao2409833926] |
| axon cytoplasm | cellular component | Any cytoplasm that is part of a axon. [GO_REF:0000064, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18667152] |
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|
| microtubule cytoskeleton organization | biological process | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins. [GOC:mah] |
| microglial cell activation | biological process | The change in morphology and behavior of a microglial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:10626665, PMID:10695728, PMID:12580336, PMID:9893949] |
| internal protein amino acid acetylation | biological process | The addition of an acetyl group to a non-terminal amino acid in a protein. [GOC:mah] |
| activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process | biological process | Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme cysteine-type endopeptidase in the context of an apoptotic process. [GOC:al, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb, PMID:14744432, PMID:18328827, Wikipedia:Caspase] |
| DNA damage response | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism. [GOC:go_curators] |
| cell-cell signaling | biological process | Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another. This process includes signal transduction in the receiving cell and, where applicable, release of a ligand and any processes that actively facilitate its transport and presentation to the receiving cell. Examples include signaling via soluble ligands, via cell adhesion molecules and via gap junctions. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah] |
| memory | biological process | The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task). [GOC:curators, ISBN:0582227089] |
| response to lead ion | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lead ion stimulus. [GOC:tair_curators, PMID:16461380] |
| negative regulation of gene expression | biological process | Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). [GOC:txnOH-2018] |
| negative regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or extent of a mitochondrial membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any mitochondrial membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| rRNA metabolic process | biological process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving rRNA, ribosomal RNA, a structural constituent of ribosomes. [ISBN:0198506732] |
| axonal transport of mitochondrion | biological process | The directed movement of mitochondria along microtubules in nerve cell axons. [GOC:ai] |
| central nervous system neuron development | biological process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron whose cell body is located in the central nervous system, from initial commitment of the cell to a neuronal fate, to the fully functional differentiated neuron. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid] |
| regulation of microtubule polymerization or depolymerization | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule polymerization or depolymerization by the addition or removal of tubulin heterodimers from a microtubule. [GOC:mah] |
| regulation of microtubule polymerization | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule polymerization. [GOC:mah] |
| positive regulation of microtubule polymerization | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule polymerization. [GOC:mah] |
| cytoplasmic microtubule organization | biological process | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures formed of microtubules and associated proteins in the cytoplasm of a cell. [GOC:mah] |
| neuron projection development | biological process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites). [GOC:mah] |
| positive regulation of superoxide anion generation | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of enzymatic generation of superoxide by a cell. [GOC:mah] |
| regulation of chromosome organization | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a chromosome. [GOC:mah] |
| negative regulation of kinase activity | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule. [GOC:mah] |
| stress granule assembly | biological process | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a stress granule. [GOC:mah, PMID:17392519] |
| cellular response to heat | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism. [GOC:mah] |
| cellular response to reactive oxygen species | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive oxygen species stimulus. Reactive oxygen species include singlet oxygen, superoxide, and oxygen free radicals. [GOC:mah] |
| positive regulation of axon extension | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axon extension. [GOC:go_curators] |
| microtubule polymerization | biological process | The addition of tubulin heterodimers to one or both ends of a microtubule. [GOC:ai, GOC:go_curators] |
| astrocyte activation | biological process | A change in morphology and behavior of an astrocyte resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:10526094, PMID:10695728, PMID:12529254, PMID:12580336, PMID:9585813] |
| regulation of synaptic plasticity | biological process | A process that modulates synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require. They may alter function, such as increasing or decreasing their sensitivity, or they may increase or decrease in actual numbers. [GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:tb, PMID:11891290] |
| intracellular distribution of mitochondria | biological process | Any process that establishes the spatial arrangement of mitochondria within the cell. [GOC:jid] |
| generation of neurons | biological process | The process in which nerve cells are generated. This includes the production of neuroblasts and their differentiation into neurons. [GOC:nln] |
| synapse organization | biological process | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell). [GOC:ai, GOC:pr] |
| regulation of calcium-mediated signaling | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium-mediated signaling, the process in which a cell uses calcium ions to convert an extracellular signal into a response. [GOC:ai] |
| protein polymerization | biological process | The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein. [GOC:ai] |
| axon development | biological process | The progression of an axon over time. Covers axonogenesis (de novo generation of an axon) and axon regeneration (regrowth), as well as processes pertaining to the progression of the axon over time (fasciculation and defasciculation). [GOC:dph, GOC:pg, GOC:pr] |
| regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins. [GOC:mah] |
| plus-end-directed organelle transport along microtubule | biological process | The directed movement of an organelle towards the plus end of a microtubule, mediated by motor proteins. This process begins with the attachment of an organelle to a microtubule, and ends when the organelle reaches its final destination. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah] |
| regulation of mitochondrial fission | biological process | Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of mitochondrial fission. Mitochondrial fission is the division of a mitochondrion within a cell to form two or more separate mitochondrial compartments. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| negative regulation of mitochondrial fission | biological process | Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of mitochondrial fission. Mitochondrial fission is the division of a mitochondrion within a cell to form two or more separate mitochondrial compartments. [GOC:sl, GOC:tb] |
| supramolecular fiber organization | biological process | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a supramolecular fiber, a polymer consisting of an indefinite number of protein or protein complex subunits that have polymerised to form a fiber-shaped structure. [GOC:pr] |
| axonal transport | biological process | The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules in axons. [ISBN:0815316194] |
| regulation of cellular response to heat | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to heat. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf] |
| regulation of long-term synaptic depression | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of long term synaptic depression. [GOC:BHF, GOC:TermGenie] |
| positive regulation of protein localization to synapse | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to synapse. [GOC:kmv, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22588719] |
| neurofibrillary tangle assembly | biological process | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a neurofibrillary tangle. [GO_REF:0000079, GOC:sjp, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:15897157, PMID:22986780, PMID:24154541] |
| negative regulation of establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:16857185] |
| positive regulation of protein localization | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a protein localization. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, GOC:vw] |
| negative regulation of tubulin deacetylation | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tubulin deacetylation. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23886946] |
| positive regulation of diacylglycerol kinase activity | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of diacylglycerol kinase activity. [GO_REF:0000059, GOC:bc, GOC:PARL, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23091060] |
| amyloid fibril formation | biological process | The generation of amyloid fibrils, insoluble fibrous protein aggregates exhibiting beta sheet structure, from proteins. [GOC:cvs, GOC:jj, GOC:ppm, GOC:sj, PMID:21148556, PMID:22817896, PMID:28937655, PMID:29654159] |
| cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus | biological process | A process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nerve growth factor stimulus. [PMID:22399805, Wikipedia:Nerve_growth_factor] |
| cellular response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulus | biological process | A process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulus. [PMID:21958434] |