Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2

An angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9BYF1]

Synonyms

EC 3.4.17.23;
Angiotensin-converting enzyme homolog;
ACEH;
Angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase;
ACE-related carboxypeptidase;
3.4.17.-;
Metalloprotease MPROT15

Research

Bioassay Publications (13)

Timeframe	Studies on this Protein(%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	3 (23.08)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	3 (23.08)	29.6817
2010's	0 (0.00)	24.3611
2020's	7 (53.85)	2.80

Compounds (80)

Drugs with Inhibition Measurements

Drug	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (mM)	Bioassay(s)	Publication(s)
carmofur	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	1.8200	1	1
chloroquine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	6.2350	2	2
chlorpromazine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	11.2400	1	2
disulfiram	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	9.3500	1	1
ebselen	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.6700	1	1
emodin	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	10.0000	1	1
fluphenazine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	11.8000	1	2
niclosamide	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	50.0000	1	1
promethazine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	13.6450	1	2
captopril	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0110	2	2
quinapril	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0083	1	1
moexipril	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0560	1	1
quinaprilat	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0028	1	1
compound 20	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0032	2	3
cinacalcet	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	28.2000	1	1
tanshinone ii a	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.8000	1	1
1-methylpropyl-2-imidazolyl disulfide	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	21.0000	1	2
mln 4760	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	16.6686	5	6
1-(2-Naphthylmethyl)-2,3-dioxo-indoline-5-carboxamide	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.3700	1	1
hirsutanone	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	4.1000	1	1
S-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl] 5-(phenylethynyl)furan-2-carbothioate	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	3.0000	1	1
N-(4-Butan-2-ylphenyl)-N-[2-(cyclopentylamino)-2-oxo-1-pyridin-3-ylethyl]furan-2-carboxamide	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	18.1000	1	2
amentoflavone	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	8.3000	1	1
myricetin	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	10.0000	1	1
savinin	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	25.0000	1	1
enalapril	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.1400	1	1
enalaprilat anhydrous	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0024	1	1
broussochalcone a	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	25.6500	1	2
rupintrivir	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	410.0000	1	2
rupintrivir	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	10.0000	1	2
5-Chloro-3-pyridinyl 2-furoate	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0600	1	1
np 031112	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	1.5500	1	1
Benzotriazol-1-yl 1H-indole-5-carboxylate	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0075	1	1
5-Chloropyridin-3-yl 5-(4-chlorophenyl)furan-2-carboxylate	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0630	1	1
(5-Chloropyridin-3-yl) 1H-indole-5-carboxylate	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.3100	1	1
5-Chloropyridin-3-yl 1H-indole-2-carboxylate	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0650	1	1
GRL-0617	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.6000	1	1
(5-Chloropyridin-3-yl) 1H-indole-4-carboxylate	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0300	1	1
KOM70144	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.5600	1	1
N-[(1R)-2-(tert-butylamino)-2-oxo-1-(3-pyridinyl)ethyl]-N-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-furancarboxamide	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	1.5000	1	1
hematein	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	10.0000	1	1
N-[(2S)-3-cyclohexyl-1-oxo-1-({(2S)-1-oxo-3-[(3S)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl]propan-2-yl}amino)propan-2-yl]-1H-indole-2-carboxamide	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0500	1	1
3-fluoro-Nalpha-(1H-indol-2-ylcarbonyl)-N-{(2S)-1-oxo-3-[(3S)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl]propan-2-yl}-L-phenylalaninamide	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0400	1	1

Drugs with Activation Measurements

Drug	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (mM)	Bioassay(s)	Publication(s)
amodiaquine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	3.1933	1	3
astemizole	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	5.2350	1	2
camostat	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	10.0000	1	2
chloroquine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	5.3333	1	6
chlorpromazine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	7.7360	1	5
clomipramine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	11.2800	1	2
ebselen	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	4.6700	1	1
emodin	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	200.0000	1	2
fluphenazine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	16.2400	1	3
fluspirilene	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	6.7150	1	2
hydroxychloroquine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	5.6567	1	3
hydroxyzine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	14.4000	1	1
loperamide	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	5.0800	1	5
mefloquine hydrochloride	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	11.4800	1	2
promethazine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	9.6700	1	2
imatinib	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	12.5000	1	3
thiethylperazine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	7.8600	1	1
triflupromazine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	6.0700	1	2
cycloheximide	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.1145	1	2
chlorphenoxamine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	16.3350	1	2
triparanol	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	5.2800	1	1
emetine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.0325	1	2
acetophenazine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	23.6000	1	1
ribavirin	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	109.5000	1	1
gemcitabine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	3.0800	1	2
methotrimeprazine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	2.5000	1	1
honokiol	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	16.9800	1	1
lopinavir	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	12.8200	1	5
nutlin 3	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	36.9000	1	1
anisomycin	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.0965	1	2
homoharringtonine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.0710	1	1
terconazole	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	13.7600	1	2
thiothixene	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	7.3000	1	2
benztropine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	19.1150	1	2
tamoxifen	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	51.4950	1	2
toremifene	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	12.4350	1	2
dasatinib	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.0325	1	2
quercetin	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	83.4000	1	1
luteolin	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	10.6000	1	1
dothiepin hydrochloride	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	3.4000	1	1
sotrastaurin	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	9.7000	1	1
saracatinib	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	2.9000	1	1
(5-Chloropyridin-3-yl) 1H-indole-5-carboxylate	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	24.0000	1	1
GRL-0617	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	20.0000	1	1
(5-Chloropyridin-3-yl) 1H-indole-4-carboxylate	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	6.9000	1	1
s 8932	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.7700	1	1
N-[(2S)-3-cyclohexyl-1-oxo-1-({(2S)-1-oxo-3-[(3S)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl]propan-2-yl}amino)propan-2-yl]-1H-indole-2-carboxamide	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.4200	1	1
molnupiravir	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.1540	1	1
3-fluoro-Nalpha-(1H-indol-2-ylcarbonyl)-N-{(2S)-1-oxo-3-[(3S)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl]propan-2-yl}-L-phenylalaninamide	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.3300	1	1

Enables

This protein enables 9 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
virus receptor activity	molecular function	Combining with a virus component and mediating entry of the virus into the cell. [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, PMID:7621403, UniProtKB-KW:KW-1183]
endopeptidase activity	molecular function	Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain. [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE]
carboxypeptidase activity	molecular function	Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a single C-terminal amino acid residue from a polypeptide chain. [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/merops/about/glossary.shtml#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE]
metallocarboxypeptidase activity	molecular function	Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a single C-terminal amino acid residue from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions. [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/merops/about/glossary.shtml#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE]
protein binding	molecular function	Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators]
metallopeptidase activity	molecular function	Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions. [GOC:mah, https://www.ebi.ac.uk/merops/about/glossary.shtml#CATTYPE]
peptidyl-dipeptidase activity	molecular function	Catalysis of the release of C-terminal dipeptides from a polypeptide chain. [GOC:mb]
zinc ion binding	molecular function	Binding to a zinc ion (Zn). [GOC:ai]
identical protein binding	molecular function	Binding to an identical protein or proteins. [GOC:jl]

Located In

This protein is located in 12 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
extracellular region	cellular component	The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. [GOC:go_curators]
extracellular space	cellular component	That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid. [ISBN:0198547684]
endoplasmic reticulum lumen	cellular component	The volume enclosed by the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum. [ISBN:0198547684]
plasma membrane	cellular component	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363]
cilium	cellular component	A specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface and of some cytoplasmic parts. Each cilium is largely bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored to a basal body. [GOC:cilia, GOC:curators, GOC:kmv, GOC:vw, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16824949, PMID:17009929, PMID:20144998]
cell surface	cellular component	The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sm]
membrane	cellular component	A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it and attached to it. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194]
apical plasma membrane	cellular component	The region of the plasma membrane located at the apical end of the cell. [GOC:curators]
endocytic vesicle membrane	cellular component	The lipid bilayer surrounding an endocytic vesicle. [GOC:mah]
brush border membrane	cellular component	The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding the brush border. [GOC:mah]
membrane raft	cellular component	Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions. [PMID:16645198, PMID:20044567]
extracellular exosome	cellular component	A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:vesicles, PMID:15908444, PMID:17641064, PMID:19442504, PMID:19498381, PMID:22418571, PMID:24009894]

Active In

This protein is active in 2 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
plasma membrane	cellular component	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363]
extracellular space	cellular component	That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid. [ISBN:0198547684]

Involved In

This protein is involved in 25 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
regulation of cytokine production	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of a cytokine. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149]
angiotensin maturation	biological process	The process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of angiotensin by conversion of angiotensinogen into mature angiotensin in the blood. [ISBN:0721643949]
angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior	biological process	The drinking behavior that is mediated by the action of angiotensin in the brain. Angiotensin stimulates the brain centers that control thirst. [GOC:mtg_cardio]
regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin	biological process	The process in which renin-angiotensin modulates the force with which blood passes through the circulatory system. [GOC:mtg_cardio]
tryptophan transport	biological process	The directed movement of tryptophan, 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:ai]
viral life cycle	biological process	A set of processes which all viruses follow to ensure survival; includes attachment and entry of the virus particle, decoding of genome information, translation of viral mRNA by host ribosomes, genome replication, and assembly and release of viral particles containing the genome. [ISBN:1555811272]
receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell	biological process	Any receptor-mediated endocytosis that is involved in the uptake of a virus into a host cell; successive instances of virus endocytosis result in the accumulation of virus particles within the cell. [GOC:bf, GOC:jl, ISBN:0781702534]
regulation of vasoconstriction	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reductions in the diameter of blood vessels. [GOC:jl]
regulation of transmembrane transporter activity	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transmembrane transporter activity. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_cardio, GOC:mtg_transport]
regulation of cell population proliferation	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation. [GOC:jl]
symbiont entry into host cell	biological process	The process by which a symbiont breaches the plasma membrane or cell envelope and enters the host cell. The process ends when the symbiont or its genome is released into the host cell. [GOC:jl]
receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell	biological process	The process by which a virion attaches to a host cell by binding to a receptor on the host cell surface. [ISBN:0879694971]
negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation. [CL:0000192, GOC:ebc]
regulation of inflammatory response	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response, the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. [GOC:ai]
positive regulation of amino acid transport	biological process	Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:ai]
maternal process involved in female pregnancy	biological process	A reproductive process occurring in the mother that allows an embryo or fetus to develop within it. [GOC:dph]
positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction	biological process	Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
membrane fusion	biological process	The membrane organization process that joins two lipid bilayers to form a single membrane. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. [GOC:add, ISBN:0121245462, ISBN:0896039986]
blood vessel diameter maintenance	biological process	Any process that modulates the diameter of blood vessels. [GOC:pr]
entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell	biological process	The process by which a virion attaches to a host cell by binding to a receptor on the host cell surface that mediates/triggers viral entry by endocytosis/pinocytosis or by inducing fusion/penetration. [PMID:18351291, VZ:3942]
positive regulation of gap junction assembly	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gap junction assembly. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11, GOC:rl, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25017399]
regulation of cardiac conduction	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac conduction. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11, GOC:rph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:12967627]
positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of L-proline import across plasma membrane. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24344203]
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species metabolic process. [GOC:mah]