gadolinium 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetate: RN refers to Na salt [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 122152 |
| MeSH ID | M0144923 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| gd-dota |
| 92923-44-9 |
| 99j2xuf1jt , |
| gadoterate sodium |
| gadolinium 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-n,n',n'',n'''-tetraacetate |
| gadolinate(1-), (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetato(4-)-.kappa.n1,.kappa.n4,.kappa.n7,.kappa.n10,.kappa.o1,.kappa.o4,.kappa.o7,.kappa.o10)-, sodium (1:1) |
| gadoterate sodium [who-dd] |
| gadolinium sodium 2,2',2'',2'''-(1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetrayl)tetraacetate (1/1/1) |
| DTXSID10918889 |
| sodium;gadolinium(3+);2-[4,7,10-tris(carboxylatomethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetrazacyclododec-1-yl]acetate |
| Q27272217 |
| [1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetato(4-)-kappan1,kappan4,kappan7,kappan10,kappao1,kappao4,kappao7,kappao10]-gadolin |
| gadolinium(iii) sodium 2,2',2'',2'''-(1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetrayl)tetraacetate |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " Tuftsin receptor-specific biological-function domain may have a modified in vivo biodistribution profile, bioavailability and pharmacokinetics subsequent to its conjugation to a metal ion-binding backbone." | ( Tuftsin derivatives of FITC, Tb-DOTA or Gd-DOTA as potential macrophage-specific imaging biomarkers. Allan, SM; Faulkner, S; Feng, J; Kauppinen, R; Meloni, MM; Narvainen, J; Vidyasagar, R, ) | 0.13 |
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 21 (3.61) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 140 (24.10) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 147 (25.30) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 239 (41.14) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 34 (5.85) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (8.78) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 31 (4.86%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 21 (3.29%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 33 (5.17%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 1 (0.16%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 552 (86.52%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LowEr Administered Dose With highEr Relaxivity: Gadovist vs Dotarem (LEADER 75) [NCT03602339] | Phase 4 | 157 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2018-11-14 | Completed | ||
| Contrast Enhanced Breast MRI: Comparison of Two Macrocyclic Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents: Gadoterate Meglumine (Dotarem) and Gadobutrol (Gadavist). A Prospective Study. [NCT03730051] | Phase 4 | 258 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2021-03-01 | Recruiting | ||
| Evaluation of Gadoterate in Patients With Renal Dysfunction [NCT02382380] | Phase 4 | 46 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2015-03-31 | Active, not recruiting | ||
| A Pilot Study to Evaluate Molecular Imaging Methods in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome [NCT02899377] | 25 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2016-11-18 | Completed | |||
| Diffusion MRI in Heart Failure [NCT02973633] | Early Phase 1 | 160 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2017-06-30 | Recruiting | ||
| Development of Activity MRI (aMRI): Direct Comparison to PET in Human Subjects [NCT05937776] | 20 participants (Anticipated) | Observational | 2023-12-11 | Not yet recruiting | |||
| Intra-individual Open-label, Single Center Study to Compare Unenhanced MRI With Dotarem Enhanced MRI in Pediatric and Neonatal Patient Population (<18years) [NCT03023566] | 250 participants (Actual) | Observational | 2017-02-09 | Completed | |||
| Efficacy Evaluation of Dotarem®-Enhanced MRA Compared to Gadovist®-Enhanced MRA in the Diagnosis of Clinically Significant Abdominal or Limb Arterial Diseases [NCT01026389] | Phase 4 | 189 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2009-10-31 | Completed | ||
| Abbreviated MRI Protocol: Initial Experience With Dotarem® (Gadoterate Meglumine) [NCT04341129] | Early Phase 1 | 50 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2020-07-13 | Completed | ||
| Renal Safety Evaluation After Dotarem®-Enhanced MRI Compared With Non-enhanced MRI in Patients at High Risk of Developing Contrast Medium Induced Nephropathy [NCT00650845] | Phase 4 | 135 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2008-01-31 | Completed | ||
| Assessment of Immediate Adverse Reactions in Children Under 2 Years of Age Following Administration of Gadoteric Acid (Gd-DOTA or Dotarem) [NCT02609919] | 150 participants (Actual) | Observational | 2016-01-31 | Completed | |||
| Prospective Evaluation of Potential Effects of Repeated Gadolinium-based Contrast Agent (GBCA) Administrations of the Same GBCA on Motor and Cognitive Functions in Neurologically Normal Adults in Comparison to a Non-GBCA Exposed Control Group [NCT04373564] | Phase 4 | 2,076 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2021-03-24 | Recruiting | ||
| [NCT02593370] | Phase 1 | 26 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2015-10-31 | Completed | ||
| Shamrock - Ultrasound/MR Image Fusion Guided Lumbar Plexus Block [NCT02718976] | Phase 2 | 22 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2016-03-31 | Completed | ||
| A Multicenter, Randomized, Prospective Double-blind, Cross-over Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of 0.04 mmol Gd/kg Body Weight of Gadoquatrane for MRI in Adults With Known or Suspected Pathology of Any Body Region (Except CNS), Compared [NCT05915728] | Phase 3 | 390 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2023-07-24 | Recruiting | ||
| A Multicenter, Randomized, Prospective Double-blind, Cross-over Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of 0.04 mmol Gd/kg Body Weight of Gadoquatrane for MRI in Adults With Known or Suspected Pathology of the Central Nervous System (CNS), Compa [NCT05915702] | Phase 3 | 295 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2023-07-24 | Recruiting | ||
| Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of Dotarem in Magnetic Resonance Mammography [NCT03041298] | 1,537 participants (Actual) | Observational | 2011-09-30 | Completed | |||
| Evaluation of Dotarem Safety [NCT03048006] | 44,456 participants (Actual) | Observational | 2011-01-31 | Completed | |||
| Doxorubicin-associated Cardiac Tissue Remodeling Followed by CMR of Myocardial Extracellular Volume and Myocyte Size in Breast Cancer Patients [NCT03000036] | 27 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2012-07-31 | Completed | |||
| Evaluation of Dotarem-enhanced MRA Compared to Time-Of-Flight (TOF) MRA in the Diagnosis of Carotid and Vertebral Basilar Arterial Disease [NCT01012674] | Phase 3 | 211 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2009-10-31 | Completed | ||
| Assessment With Cardiac Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in Asymptomatic Patients With Type 2 Diabetes for Detection of Unrecognized Myocardial Scar in Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis [NCT01254552] | Phase 4 | 351 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2010-08-31 | Completed | ||
| Collagen-targeted PET Imaging for Early Interstitial Lung Disease [NCT05417776] | Phase 2 | 30 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2022-09-28 | Recruiting | ||
| Safety and Dialysability of Dotarem® in Dialysed Patients - Phase 1 Clinical Study [NCT01449266] | Phase 1 | 10 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2011-11-30 | Completed | ||
| Evaluation of Dotarem-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) Compared to Time-Of-Flight (TOF) MRA in the Diagnosis of Renal Arterial Disease [NCT00980681] | Phase 3 | 13 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2009-09-30 | Terminated(stopped due to Lack of recruitment.) | ||
| Randomized, Blinded, Placebo-controlled Crossover Study Assessing Association Between Gadolinium-based Contrast Agent Administration and Transient Dyspnea/Arterial Phase Motion Artifact [NCT02431598] | Phase 4 | 44 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2015-06-30 | Completed | ||
| Evaluation of Dotarem-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) Compared to Time-Of-Flight (TOF) MRA in the Diagnosis of Renal Arterial Disease [NCT00845702] | Phase 3 | 33 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2009-04-30 | Terminated(stopped due to lack of recruitment.) | ||
| Evaluation of Regional Gadolinium Retention in the Brain Using QSM With Correlation to Regional DCE MRI Permeability Using GOCART Technique in Intracranial Neoplasm Patients Receiving Gadobenate Dimeglumine (MultiHance) or Gadoterate Meglumine (Dotarem) [NCT03091803] | 0 participants (Actual) | Observational | 2017-04-04 | Withdrawn(stopped due to No accrual) | |||
| Efficacy of Dotarem® (Gd-DOTA) Versus Gadovist® (Gd-DO3A-butrol) for Late Gadolinium Enhancement Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Relationship to Outcomes: A Pilot Study [NCT03057561] | 120 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2016-10-01 | Enrolling by invitation | |||
| Phase IV Study of DCE-MRI Using Dotarem® in Evaluation of Therapeutic Response to Sorafenib in Patients With Advanced Stage HCC [NCT01806740] | Phase 4 | 37 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2013-05-09 | Terminated(stopped due to The planned number of enrolled patients was not reached.) | ||
| Gadolinium Retention in Human Bone Tissue in Pediatric Patients: A Comparison of Dotarem Versus MultiHance MRI Contrast Agents [NCT03337594] | 60 participants (Anticipated) | Observational | 2017-10-01 | Recruiting | |||
| Performance of Elucirem® (Gadopiclenol) in Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DSC-MRI) Perfusion of Brain Gliomas Phase IIIb Clinical Trial [NCT06057168] | Phase 3 | 138 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2023-09-07 | Recruiting | ||
| Evaluation of Dotarem-enhanced MRA Compared to Time-Of-Flight (TOF) MRA in the Diagnosis of Carotid and Vertebral Basilar Arterial Disease [NCT01010932] | Phase 3 | 222 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2009-10-31 | Completed | ||
| Safety and Efficacy Evaluation of DOTAREM® in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in Patients With Central Nervous System (CNS) Lesions. [NCT01211873] | Phase 3 | 416 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2010-09-30 | Completed | ||
| DOTAREM® Pharmacokinetics, Safety and Efficacy Study in Pediatric Subjects Aged <2 Years (Term Newborn Infants to Toddlers 23 Months of Age Inclusive) [NCT02411201] | Phase 4 | 51 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2015-03-31 | Completed | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
eGFR (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate) was assessed using creatinemia and the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study equation. eGFR were evaluated in terms of mean difference between the pre- and post-MRI procedure. The eGFR variation was expressed as a percentage of change from baseline values. (NCT00650845)
Timeframe: Baseline pre MRI and 3 days post MRI
| Intervention | Percentage of change from baseline (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Dotarem®-Enhanced MRI | 1.37 |
| Non-enhanced MRI | 7.58 |
Comparing the number of patients experiencing an increase of creatinine of at least 25% over baseline levels after Dotarem®-enhanced MRI and after non-enhanced MRI in patients with at least a moderate renal insufficiency. (NCT00650845)
Timeframe: baseline pre MRI and 3 days post MRI
| Intervention | Number of patients (Number) |
|---|---|
| Dotarem®-Enhanced MRI | 1 |
| Non-enhanced MRI | 0 |
Comparing the number of patients experiencing an increase of creatinine of at least 25% over baseline levels after Dotarem®-enhanced MRI and after non-enhanced MRI in patients with at least a moderate renal insufficiency. (NCT00650845)
Timeframe: Baseline pre MRI and 3 days post MRI
| Intervention | Number of patients (Number) |
|---|---|
| Dotarem®-Enhanced MRI | 1 |
| Non-enhanced MRI | 0 |
eGFR was assessed using creatinemia and the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study equation. eGFR were evaluated in terms of mean difference between the pre- and post-MRI procedure. The eGFR variation was expressed as a percentage of change from baseline values. (NCT00650845)
Timeframe: Baseline pre MRI and 3 days post MRI
| Intervention | Percentage of change from baseline (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Dotarem®-Enhanced MRI | 3.02 |
| Non-enhanced MRI | 5.55 |
Serum creatinine levels were measured at baseline and at 72±24 hours after examination. The percentage of change in creatinemia from baseline was calculated for both the Dotarem® and the non-enhanced groups. (NCT00650845)
Timeframe: Baseline pre MRI and 3 days post MRI
| Intervention | Percentage of change from baseline (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Dotarem®-Enhanced MRI | -1.40 |
| Non-enhanced MRI | -3.48 |
Serum creatinine levels were measured at baseline and at 72±24 hours after examination. The percentage of change in creatinemia from baseline was calculated for both the Dotarem® and the non-enhanced groups. (NCT00650845)
Timeframe: Baseline pre MRI and 3 days post MRI
| Intervention | Percentage of change from baseline (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Dotarem®-Enhanced MRI | 0.05 |
| Non-enhanced MRI | -5.17 |
For each examination (TOF and Dotarem-enhanced MRA) the percent of non-assessable segments will be compared (NCT00980681)
Timeframe: 1 to 7 days
| Intervention | percentage of non-assessable segments (Number) |
|---|---|
| Dotarem-enhanced MRA | 25 |
| Time-Of-Flight MRA | 20 |
Rate of non-assessable arterial segments as measured by 3 independent readers in off-site evaluation of TOF-MRA and Dotarem-enhanced MRA (re-read DGD-44-060). (NCT01010932)
Timeframe: 2 - 28 days
| Intervention | percentage of arterial segments (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Reader 1 | Reader 2 | Reader 3 | |
| Dotarem-enhanced MRA | 4.65 | 1.77 | 2.20 |
| TOF MRA | 29.44 | 16.70 | 18.54 |
Rate of true non-stenotic segments (i.e. without stenosis >= 70%) of TOF and Dotarem-enhanced MRA evaluated by 3 independent off-site readers at the segment level, with CTA as standard of truth (re-read DGD-44-060). (NCT01010932)
Timeframe: 2 - 42 days
| Intervention | percentage of non-stenotic segments (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Reader 1 | Reader 2 | Reader 3 | |
| Dotarem-enhanced MRA | 98.13 | 98.51 | 98.63 |
| TOF MRA | 85.43 | 90.39 | 90.42 |
Rate of true stenotic segments (i.e. with stenosis >= 70%) of TOF and Dotarem-enhanced MRA evaluated by 3 independent off-site readers at the segment level, with CTA as standard of truth (re-read DGD-44-060). (NCT01010932)
Timeframe: 2-42 days
| Intervention | percentage of stenotic segments (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Reader 1 | Reader 2 | Reader 3 | |
| Dotarem-enhanced MRA | 58.46 | 63.08 | 53.85 |
| TOF MRA | 53.85 | 63.08 | 49.23 |
Rate of true non-stenotic segments (i.e. without stenosis >= 70%) of TOF and Dotarem-enhanced MRA evaluated by 3 independent off-site readers at the segment level, with CTA as standard of truth (re-read DGD-44-061). (NCT01012674)
Timeframe: 2 - 42 days
| Intervention | percentage of arterial segments (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Reader 1 | Reader 2 | Reader 3 | |
| Dotarem-enhanced MRA | 98.03 | 98.40 | 98.61 |
| TOF MRA | 84.34 | 89.51 | 88.40 |
Rate of true stenotic segments (i.e. with stenosis >= 70%) of TOF and Dotarem-enhanced MRA evaluated by 3 independent off-site readers at the segment level, with CTA as standard of truth (re-read DGD-44-061). (NCT01012674)
Timeframe: 2-42 days
| Intervention | percentage of arterial segments (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Reader 1 | Reader 2 | Reader 3 | |
| Dotarem-enhanced MRA | 70.65 | 69.57 | 75.00 |
| TOF MRA | 65.22 | 73.91 | 66.30 |
Rate of non-assessable arterial segments as measured by 3 independent readers in off-site evaluation of TOF-MRA and Dotarem-enhanced MRA (re-read DGD-44-061). (NCT01012674)
Timeframe: 2 - 28 days
| Intervention | percentage of arterial segments (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Reader 1 | Reader 2 | Reader 3 | |
| Dotarem-enhanced MRA | 3.55 | 1.57 | 1.68 |
| TOF MRA | 29.22 | 17.65 | 23.07 |
intra-patient accuracy (percent agreement) of each type of MRA examination (Dotarem® or Gadovist®-enhanced MRA) in assessing the lesions of the concerned territory as compared with the gold standard, X-ray angiography. (NCT01026389)
Timeframe: up to one month
| Intervention | percentage of agreement (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Gadovist | 77.1 |
| Dotarem, Interventional | 80.6 |
• Intra-patient accuracy (percent agreement) of each type of MRA examination (Dotarem® or Gadovist®-enhanced MRA) in assessing the lesions of the concerned territory as compared with the gold standard, X-ray angiography, in off-site readings, using the same methodology as that used for the primary criterion (NCT01026389)
Timeframe: up to one month
| Intervention | percentage of agreement (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Gadovist | 75.1 |
| Dotarem, Interventional | 73.9 |
sensitivity of Dotarem® and Gadovist®-enhanced MRA examinations at the segment and the patient levels (gold standard = x-ray angiography) in on-site; moderate, severe stenosis and occlusion were grouped as one class (significant stenosis = positive segment). (NCT01026389)
Timeframe: up to one month
| Intervention | positive segment with MRA (Number) |
|---|---|
| Gadovist | 168 |
| Dotarem, Interventional | 191 |
Specificity of Dotarem® and Gadovist®-enhanced MRA examinations at the segment and the patient levels (gold standard = x-ray angiography) in on-site readings; no stenosis and non significant stenosis were grouped as one class (non significant stenosis = negative segment). (NCT01026389)
Timeframe: up to one month
| Intervention | negative segments in MRA (Number) |
|---|---|
| Gadovist | 756 |
| Dotarem, Interventional | 763 |
The number of lesions for which observations could be made was calculated for each MRI modality and results are summarized per patient (NCT01211873)
Timeframe: up to 24 hours
| Intervention | Number of lesions (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Reader 1 | Reader 2 | Reader 3 | |
| Dotarem (Gadoterate Meglumine) - PAIRED | 2.69 | 3.16 | 2.46 |
| Dotarem (Gadoterate Meglumine) - PRE | 1.97 | 2.29 | 1.97 |
| Magnevist (Gadopentetate Dimeglumine) - PAIRED | 4.19 | 4.50 | 3.97 |
| Magnevist (Gadopentetate Dimeglumine) - PRE | 1.98 | 2.60 | 2.15 |
Image quality was evaluated for each lesion according to a 3-point scale with the following grades; poor (1), fair (2) or good (3), and an overall score per patient was calculated. At patient level, the maximum score is 3, minimum score is 1. Higher scores mean a better image quality. (NCT01211873)
Timeframe: up to 24 hours
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Reader 1 | Reader 2 | Reader 3 | |
| Dotarem (Gadoterate Meglumine) - PAIRED | 2.98 | 3.00 | 2.99 |
| Dotarem (Gadoterate Meglumine) - PRE | 1.41 | 1.72 | 2.00 |
| Magnevist (Gadopentetate Dimeglumine) - PAIRED | 2.96 | 2.98 | 2.99 |
| Magnevist (Gadopentetate Dimeglumine) - PRE | 1.42 | 1.74 | 1.99 |
"To demonstrate the superiority of combined unenhanced and Dotarem enhanced MRI (PAIRED) compared to unenhanced MRI (PRE) in terms of lesion visualization.~Unenhanced MRI refers to MRI before administration of contrast agent. Enhanced MRI refers to MRI after contrast agent injection. Pre refers to unenhanced MRI. PAIRED refer to combined unenhanced and enhanced MRI.~The measure used a specific scale with 3-point levels to assess lesion visualization. At lesion level, the scale range is from 0 through 1 to 2. Score 0 means a worse outcome and score 2 means a better outcome. Patient score is the sum of all lesion scores. Up to 5 of the largest representative lesions were assessed. At patient level, the maximum score is 10, minimum score is 0." (NCT01211873)
Timeframe: up to 24 hours
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Border Delineation Blinded Reader 1 | Border Delineation Blinded Reader 2 | Border Delineation Blinded Reader 3 | Internal Morphology Blinded Reader 1 | Internal Morphology Blinded Reader 2 | Internal Morphology Blinded Reader 3 | Contrast Enhancement Blinded Reader 1 | Contrast Enhancement Blinded Reader 2 | Contrast Enhancement Blinded Reader 3 | |
| Dotarem (Gadoterate Meglumine) - PAIRED | 3.30 | 4.49 | 2.54 | 3.70 | 4.49 | 2.93 | 3.11 | 3.73 | 2.95 |
| Dotarem (Gadoterate Meglumine) - PRE | 1.06 | 1.62 | 1.43 | 0.97 | 1.76 | 1.45 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Level of diagnostic confidence when evaluating the MRI modalities was graded using a 5-point scale as nil (1), poor (2), moderate (3), high (4) and excellent (5). (NCT01211873)
Timeframe: up to 24 hours
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Reader 1 | Reader 2 | Reader 3 | |
| Dotarem (Gadoterate Meglumine) - PAIRED | 4.59 | 4.89 | 4.41 |
| Dotarem (Gadoterate Meglumine) - PRE | 3.04 | 2.84 | 3.47 |
| Magnevist (Gadopentetate Dimeglumine) - PAIRED | 4.66 | 4.92 | 4.59 |
| Magnevist (Gadopentetate Dimeglumine) - PRE | 3.11 | 2.85 | 3.59 |
(NCT01254552)
Timeframe: From 1 week to 2 months (after the collection of data corresponding to cardiac MRI and CCTA examinations)
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Intention To Treat Population | 23 |
Evaluation of the decrease in seric concentration of gadolinium, 4h after the second hemodialysis session of patients injected with 0.1 mmol/kg of Dotarem®. The percent change of gadolinium concentration was estimated from the concentration of gadolinium after Dotarem® injection. Only subjects with gadolinium concentration above the lower limit of quantification (LLQ) were kept for analysis. (NCT01449266)
Timeframe: Dotarem® dialysability assessed 4h after second hemodialysis session which took place 2 days after Dotarem® administration
| Intervention | Percent change in Gd concentration (Geometric Mean) |
|---|---|
| Dotarem® Injected Patients | -99.5 |
To evaluate the decrease in seric concentration of gadolinium, after each hemodialysis session of patients injected with 0.1 mmol/kg of Dotarem® . The percent change of gadolinium concentration is calculated by estimating the amount of serum gadolinium before and after each hemodialysis session. Calculations are performed only for subjects with concentration above the lower limit of quantification (LLQ) (NCT01449266)
Timeframe: Dotarem® dialysability assessed up to 4 days after Dotarem® administration
| Intervention | percent change in Gd concentration (Geometric Mean) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percent change at 0.5h after first hemodialysis | Percent change at 1.5h after first hemodialysis | Percent change at 4h after first hemodialysis | Percent change at 4h after second hemodialysis n=7 | Percent change at 4h after third hemodialysis n=2 | |
| Dotarem® Injected Patients | -88.2 | -93.4 | -97.1 | -94.8 | -89.9 |
To evaluate the biological and clinical safety of Dotarem® by assessing vital signs, biological parameters, injection-site tolerance, through a 4-day post injection follow-up, adverse events through a 3-week post injection period and serious adverse events through a 3-month post injection period. (NCT01449266)
Timeframe: Safety assessed from patients inclusion until the last follow-up visit 3 months after Dotarem® administration
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Dotarem® Injected Patients | 8 |
The evaluation of the decrease in seric concentration of gadolinium, 4h after the third hemodialysis session of patients injected with 0.1 mmol/kg of Dotarem®. The percent change of gadolinium concentration was estimated from the concentration of gadolinium after Dotarem® injection. Only subjects with gadolinium concentration above the lower limit of detection were kept for analysis. (NCT01449266)
Timeframe: Dotarem® dialysability assessed 4h after third hemodialysis session which took place 4 days after Dotarem® administration
| Intervention | percent change in Gd concentration (Geometric Mean) |
|---|---|
| Dotarem® Injected Patients | -99.7 |
"To evaluate the correlation between DCE-MRI perfusion parameters (Ktrans, AUC, ve, kep, T1, wash-in, washout) at baseline and time to progression.~The time to progression was calculated from the patient's survival status and tumor progression status recorded one year after initiation of the sorafenib treatment.~The correlation analyses were done using Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficient." (NCT01806740)
Timeframe: 1 year
| Intervention | correlation coefficient (Number) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ktrans (mean) | AUC (mean) | ve (mean) | kep (mean) | T1 (mean) | Wash-in (mean) | Washout (mean) | |
| Baseline | -0.72 | -0.64 | -0.68 | -0.17 | 0.24 | -0.70 | -0.42 |
"To evaluate the correlation between DCE-MRI perfusion parameters (Ktrans, AUC, ve, kep, T1, wash-in, washout) at baseline and progression free survival.~The progression free survival was calculated from the patient's survival status and tumor progression status recorded one year after initiation of the sorafenib treatment.~The correlation analyses were done using Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficient." (NCT01806740)
Timeframe: 1 year
| Intervention | correlation coefficient (Number) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ktrans (mean) | AUC (mean) | ve (mean) | kep (mean) | T1 (mean) | Wash-in (mean) | Washout (mean) | |
| Baseline | -0.24 | -0.45 | 0.17 | -0.23 | -0.15 | -0.31 | -0.29 |
"To evaluate the correlation between DCE-MRI perfusion parameters (Ktrans, AUC, ve, kep, T1, wash-in, washout) at baseline and overall survival.~The overall survival was calculated from the patient's survival status recorded one year after initiation of the sorafenib treatment.~The correlation analyses were done using Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficient." (NCT01806740)
Timeframe: 1 year
| Intervention | correlation coefficient (Number) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ktrans (mean) | AUC (mean) | ve (mean) | kep (mean) | T1 (mean) | Wash-in (mean) | Washout (mean) | |
| Baseline | 0.09 | -0.08 | 0.35 | -0.05 | -0.14 | -0.02 | -0.04 |
"To evaluate the correlation between DCE-MRI perfusion parameters (Ktrans, AUC, ve, kep, T1, Wash-in, Washout) at baseline, week 1 and week 2, and the response of target lesions to sorafenib.~Ktrans: volume transfer constant between blood plasma and extravascular extracellular space~AUC : area under the curve of tissue gadolinium concentration-time~ve: fractional volume of extravascular extracellular space~kep: rate constant between extravascular extracellular space and blood plasma (=Ktrans/ve)~T1: longitudinal relaxation time~Wash-in: slope of the early enhancement curve~Washout: slope of the late enhancement curve~The response of target lesions was assessed by mRECIST at 2 months after initiation of treatment (sorafenib).~The correlation analyses were done using Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficient." (NCT01806740)
Timeframe: 3 months
| Intervention | correlation coefficient (Number) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ktrans (mean) | AUC (mean) | ve (mean) | kep (mean) | T1 (mean) | Wash-in (mean) | Washout (mean) | |
| Baseline | -0.29 | -0.53 | -0.19 | -0.07 | 0.05 | -0.42 | -0.31 |
| Week 1 | -0.38 | -0.60 | -0.33 | -0.24 | 0.30 | -0.48 | -0.48 |
| Week 2 | -0.38 | -0.62 | -0.34 | -0.17 | 0.18 | -0.52 | -0.36 |
"Lesion visualization was assessed on up to five most representative lesions per subject based on scoring of 3 co-endpoints:~border delineation (based on a 3-point scale where 1=none; 2=moderate and 3=clear and complete)~internal morphology (based on a 3-point scale where 1=poorly visible; 2=moderately visible and 3=sufficiently visible)~contrast enhancement (based on a 3-point scale where 1=none; 2=weak and 3=clear and bright)~For each co-endpoint, a sum of scores was calculated at subject level as follows: sum of scores = score of the lesion 1 (+ score of the lesion 2 + score of the lesion 3 + score of the lesion 4 + score of the lesion 5, when applicable)" (NCT02411201)
Timeframe: Pre-injection and post-injection (estimated between 5 and 20 minutes after injection)
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Sum of scores of lesion border delineation | Sum of scores of internal morphology | Sum of scores of contrast enhancement | |
| Pre- + Post-contrast | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.0 |
| Pre-contrast | 4.3 | 4.3 | 1.9 |
Pharmacokinetics interpretation was performed using a pharmacokinetic population modelling approach. DOTAREM concentrations in plasma were analyzed using a validated LC-MS/MS method. (NCT02411201)
Timeframe: at 10 and 20 min post-injection
| Intervention | µmol/L (Median) | |
|---|---|---|
| Simulated concentration at 10 min | Simulated concentration at 20 min | |
| DOTAREM | 320.92 | 275.67 |
Pharmacokinetics interpretation was performed using a pharmacokinetic population modelling approach. DOTAREM concentrations in plasma were analyzed using a validated LC-MS/MS method. Area under the curve was determined from typical and individual DOTAREM concentration-time profiles. (NCT02411201)
Timeframe: Blood samples were collected during 3 time windows: 15 min to 60 min, 2 hours to 4 hours and 6 hours to 8 hours post-injection
| Intervention | hour.µmol/L (Median) |
|---|---|
| DOTAREM | 1591.1 |
Pharmacokinetics interpretation was performed using a pharmacokinetic population modelling approach. DOTAREM concentrations in plasma were analyzed using a validated LC-MS/MS method. Rate constant of the terminal phase was determined from typical and individual DOTAREM concentration-time profiles. (NCT02411201)
Timeframe: Blood samples were collected during 3 time windows: 15 min to 60 min, 2 hours to 4 hours and 6 hours to 8 hours post-injection
| Intervention | hour-1 (Median) |
|---|---|
| DOTAREM | 0.5117 |
Pharmacokinetics interpretation was performed using a pharmacokinetic population modelling approach. DOTAREM concentrations in plasma were analyzed using a validated LC-MS/MS method. Terminal elimination half-life was determined from typical and individual DOTAREM concentration-time profiles. (NCT02411201)
Timeframe: Blood samples were collected during 3 time windows: 15 min to 60 min, 2 hours to 4 hours and 6 hours to 8 hours post-injection
| Intervention | hour (Mean) |
|---|---|
| DOTAREM | 1.3545 |
Pharmacokinetics interpretation was performed using a pharmacokinetic population modelling approach. DOTAREM concentrations in plasma were analyzed using a validated LC-MS/MS method. Total clearance was determined from typical and individual DOTAREM concentration-time profiles. (NCT02411201)
Timeframe: Blood samples were collected during 3 time windows: 15 min to 60 min, 2 hours to 4 hours and 6 hours to 8 hours post-injection
| Intervention | L/hour per kg (Mean) |
|---|---|
| DOTAREM | 0.0602 |
Pharmacokinetics interpretation was performed using a pharmacokinetic population modelling approach. DOTAREM concentrations in plasma were analyzed using a validated LC-MS/MS method. Volume of distribution at steady state was determined from typical and individual DOTAREM concentration-time profiles. (NCT02411201)
Timeframe: Blood samples were collected during 3 time windows: 15 min to 60 min, 2 hours to 4 hours and 6 hours to 8 hours post-injection
| Intervention | L/kg (Mean) |
|---|---|
| DOTAREM | 0.0473 |
"no motion artifact~minimal motion artifact~moderate motion artifact~severe motion artifact~extensive motion artifact" (NCT02431598)
Timeframe: following contrast administration, up to 5 minutes
| Intervention | scores on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Eovist | Normal Saline | Dotarem | |
| Arterial Phase | 2.7 | 2.3 | 2.2 |
| Last Dynamic Phase | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.3 |
| Portal Venous Phase | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.3 |
| Pre-Contrast Phase | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.2 |
(NCT02431598)
Timeframe: following contrast administration, up to 5 minutes
| Intervention | percentage (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Eovist (Gadoxetate Disodium) | 98 |
| Dotarem (Gadoterate Dimeglumine) | 98 |
| Saline | 98 |
Arterial-phase breath-holding duration and motion artifacts after each agent were compared using the Mann-Whitney-U test and the McNemar test. (NCT02431598)
Timeframe: following contrast administration, up to 5 minutes
| Intervention | percentage of participants with TSM (Number) |
|---|---|
| Eovist (Gadoxetate Disodium) | 7 |
| Dotarem (Gadoterate Dimeglumine) | 2 |
| Saline | 0 |
(NCT02431598)
Timeframe: following contrast administration, up to 5 minutes
| Intervention | seconds (Median) |
|---|---|
| Eovist (Gadoxetate Disodium) | 28 |
| Dotarem (Gadoterate Dimeglumine) | 38 |
| Saline | 35 |
After each breath-hold, the MRI technologist asked the volunteer through the scanner microphone the following two questions, with responses based on a 5-point scale: A) How difficult was it to hold your breath? (1-Not at all; 5-Very difficult); B) Do you feel short of breath now? (1-Not at all; 5-Very short of breath). Responses were recorded for each breath-hold. (NCT02431598)
Timeframe: following contrast administration, up to 5 minutes
| Intervention | units on a scale (1-5) (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Question A | Question B | |
| Dotarem (Gadoterate Dimeglumine) | 1.7 | 1.1 |
| Eovist (Gadoxetate Disodium) | 2.4 | 1.3 |
| Saline | 1.8 | 1.1 |
Heart rate following contrast injection (NCT02431598)
Timeframe: following contrast administration, up to 5 minutes
| Intervention | beats per minute (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Eovist (Gadoxetate Disodium) | 70 |
| Dotarem (Gadoterate Dimeglumine) | 70 |
| Saline | 70 |
Blood samples were collected at indicated time points for radio-pharmacokinetic analysis of Ki. Pharmacokinetic (PK) Population included those participants in the 'Safety' population for whom a radio-pharmacokinetic sample was obtained and analyzed. Data for lower value of region (low), higher value of region (high) and right-left combined values (aggregated) is presented. (NCT02899377)
Timeframe: 0.1, 0.4, 0.6, 0.9, 1.1, 1.4, 1.6, 1.9, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 6.0, 8, 10, 12, 14, 17.5, 22.5, 27.5, 32.5 and 37.5 minutes post-injection
| Intervention | Milliliter/centimeter cube/minute (Mean) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parotid Gland, Low | Parotid Gland, High | Parotid Gland, Aggregated | Submandibular Gland, Low | Submandibular Gland, High | Submandibular Gland, Aggregated | |
| Healthy Participants | 0.0574 | 0.0608 | 0.0593 | 0.0598 | 0.0626 | 0.0614 |
| Participants With pSS | 0.0425 | 0.0472 | 0.0448 | 0.0383 | 0.0422 | 0.0407 |
Semi-quantitative parameters used for the assessment of uptake included Mean, Peak and Max SUV for following selected body areas: aorta, liver, muscle, lumbar vertebra, pancreas, salivary gland, spleen, and thyroid. Data from static scan is reported. (NCT02899377)
Timeframe: Visit 1: Within 6 weeks after Baseline
| Intervention | Grams per milliliter (Mean) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aorta, Max SUV | Liver, Max SUV | Lumbar Vertebra, Max SUV | Muscle, Max SUV | Pancreas, Max SUV | Salivary gland, Max SUV | Spleen, Max SUV | Thyroid, Max SUV | Aorta, Mean SUV | Liver, Mean SUV | Lumbar Vertebra, Mean SUV | Muscle, Mean SUV | Pancreas, Mean SUV | Spleen, Mean SUV | Thyroid, Mean SUV | Aorta, Peak SUV | Liver, Peak SUV | Lumbar Vertebra, Peak SUV | Muscle, Peak SUV | Pancreas, Peak SUV | Salivary gland, Peak SUV | Spleen, Peak SUV | Thyroid, Peak SUV | |
| Healthy Participants | 2.0275 | 16.4213 | 5.9100 | 2.3513 | 31.7388 | 6.6900 | 5.2750 | 3.1038 | 1.029 | 8.916 | 2.923 | 0.926 | 16.556 | 2.423 | 1.646 | 1.1338 | 12.3438 | 3.8775 | 1.3100 | 26.7913 | 5.0600 | 3.4100 | 2.0525 |
| Participants With pSS | 2.2700 | 19.1667 | 7.1733 | 2.4167 | 31.4492 | 5.4275 | 5.5100 | 3.7058 | 1.161 | 10.926 | 3.485 | 0.968 | 16.413 | 2.650 | 2.149 | 1.3250 | 14.7808 | 4.7317 | 1.3675 | 26.4683 | 3.3633 | 3.6975 | 2.6000 |
Blood samples were collected at indicated time points for analysis. Pearson's correlation is presented along with 95% confidence interval. (NCT02899377)
Timeframe: 0.1, 0.4, 0.6, 0.9, 1.1, 1.4, 1.6, 1.9, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 6.0, 8, 10, 12, 14, 17.5, 22.5, 27.5, 32.5 and 37.5 minutes post-injection
| Intervention | Grams per milliliter (Number) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Max SUV, Low | Max SUV, High | Max SUV, Aggregated | Mean SUV, Low | Mean SUV, High | Peak SUV, Low | Peak SUV, High | Peak SUV, Aggregated | |
| Healthy Participants | -0.066 | -0.106 | -0.100 | 0.142 | 0.130 | 0.045 | 0.053 | 0.038 |
| Participants With pSS | 0.915 | 0.884 | 0.891 | 0.895 | 0.786 | 0.929 | 0.866 | 0.906 |
Semi-quantitative parameters used for the assessment of glucose uptake included Mean, Peak and Max SUV for following selected body areas: aorta, liver, muscle, pancreas, lumbar vertebra, salivary gland, spleen, and thyroid. Safety Population included all participants who underwent any procedure on or after Visit 1. (NCT02899377)
Timeframe: Visit 1: Within 6 weeks after Baseline
| Intervention | Grams per milliliter (Mean) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aorta, Max SUV | Liver, Max SUV | Lumbar Vertebra, Max SUV | Muscle, Max SUV | Pancreas, Max SUV | Salivary gland, Max SUV | Spleen, Max SUV | Thyroid, Max SUV | Aorta, Mean SUV | Liver, Mean SUV | Lumbar Vertebra, Mean SUV | Muscle, Mean SUV | Pancreas, Mean SUV | Spleen, Mean SUV | Thyroid, Mean SUV | Aorta, Peak SUV | Liver, Peak SUV | Lumbar Vertebra, Peak SUV | Muscle, Peak SUV | Pancreas, Peak SUV | Salivary gland, Peak SUV | Spleen, Peak SUV | Thyroid, Peak SUV | |
| Participants With pSS | 2.9067 | 5.0683 | 4.0225 | 1.4558 | 4.2700 | 3.1067 | 3.2333 | 3.1408 | 1.883 | 2.273 | 2.105 | 0.657 | 1.874 | 1.751 | 1.822 | 2.0125 | 3.2700 | 2.8242 | 0.8833 | 2.6892 | 2.1425 | 2.3475 | 2.2458 |
Quantitative parameters like pure D assessed the use of multi-parametric MRI in the assessment of uptake in selected body areas like lachrymal gland, parotid gland, and submandibular gland. The median and IQR values for pure D was used for analysis. Data for lower value of region, higher value of region, and aggregated value which includes left and right region combined value has been reported. (NCT02899377)
Timeframe: Visit 1: Within 6 weeks after Baseline
| Intervention | 10^-3 square millimeter per second (Mean) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parotid Gland, Low, IQR, n=12, 11 | Parotid Gland, High, IQR, n=12, 11 | Parotid Gland, Aggregated, IQR, n=12, 11 | Submandibular Gland, Low, IQR, n=12, 10 | Submandibular Gland, High, IQR, n=12, 10 | Submandibular Gland, Aggregated, IQR, n=12, 11 | Parotid Gland, Low, Median, n=12, 11 | Parotid Gland, High, Median, n=12, 11 | Parotid Gland, Aggregated, Median, n=12, 11 | Submandibular Gland, Low, Median, n=12, 10 | Submandibular Gland, High, Median, n=12, 10 | Submandibular Gland, Aggregated, Median, n=12, 11 | |
| Healthy Participants | 0.437 | 0.503 | 0.468 | 0.553 | 0.733 | 0.636 | 0.771 | 0.807 | 0.787 | 0.941 | 1.035 | 0.993 |
| Participants With pSS | 0.449 | 0.529 | 0.493 | 0.547 | 0.681 | 0.608 | 0.621 | 0.715 | 0.676 | 0.733 | 0.814 | 0.807 |
Quantitative parameters like Microvascular Volume Fraction assessed use of multi-parametric MRI in selected body areas like lachrymal gland, parotid gland, and submandibular gland. The median and IQR values were used for analysis. Data for lower value of region, higher value of region, and aggregated value which includes left and right region combined value has been reported. The IVIM (intra-voxel incoherent motion) model estimates two separate pools of diffusion (for a microvascular component and a tissue component). Pool one describes fraction (f) of the signal. Pool two describes fraction (1-f) of the signal. Microvascular Volume Fraction (f) is the ratio of the signal contribution of the microvascular pool (pool one) over the entire signal. (NCT02899377)
Timeframe: Visit 1: Within 6 weeks after Baseline
| Intervention | Ratio (Mean) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parotid Gland, Low, IQR, n=12, 11 | Parotid Gland, High, IQR, n=12, 11 | Parotid Gland, Aggregated, IQR, n=12, 11 | Submandibular Gland, Low, IQR, n=12, 10 | Submandibular Gland, High, IQR, n=12, 10 | Submandibular Gland, Aggregated, IQR, n=12, 11 | Parotid Gland, Low, Median, n=12, 11 | Parotid Gland, High, Median, n=12, 11 | Parotid Gland, Aggregated, Median, n=12, 11 | Submandibular Gland, Low, Median, n=12, 10 | Submandibular Gland, High, Median, n=12, 10 | Submandibular Gland, Aggregated, Median, n=12, 11 | |
| Healthy Participants | 0.135 | 0.164 | 0.149 | 0.204 | 0.233 | 0.219 | 0.131 | 0.151 | 0.140 | 0.198 | 0.223 | 0.210 |
| Participants With pSS | 0.135 | 0.172 | 0.156 | 0.205 | 0.233 | 0.217 | 0.139 | 0.164 | 0.151 | 0.238 | 0.271 | 0.243 |
Quantitative parameters like KTrans assessed use of multi-parametric MRI in the assessment of uptake in selected body areas like lachrymal gland, parotid gland, and submandibular gland. The median and IQR values were used for analysis. Data for lower value of region, higher value of region, and aggregated value which includes left and right region combined value has been reported. (NCT02899377)
Timeframe: Visit 1: Within 6 weeks after Baseline
| Intervention | Per minute (Mean) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parotid Gland, Low, IQR, n=12, 12 | Parotid Gland, High, IQR, n=12, 12 | Parotid Gland, Aggregated, IQR, n=12, 12 | Submandibular Gland, Low, IQR, n=9, 8 | Submandibular Gland, High, IQR, n=9, 8 | Submandibular Gland, Aggregated, IQR, n=11, 11 | Parotid Gland, Low, Median, n=12, 12 | Parotid Gland, High, Median, n=12, 12 | Parotid Gland, Aggregated, Median, n=12, 12 | Submandibular Gland, Low, Median, n=9, 8 | Submandibular Gland, High, Median, n=9, 8 | Submandibular Gland, Aggregated, Median, n=11,11 | |
| Healthy Participants | 7.618 | 12.821 | 10.701 | 5.548 | 15.192 | 10.191 | 5.598 | 8.841 | 7.061 | 12.789 | 17.315 | 12.146 |
| Participants With pSS | 22.492 | 30.199 | 27.213 | 0.459 | 19.914 | 1.801 | 3.326 | 9.323 | 7.450 | 0.775 | 1.606 | 1.421 |
Semi-quantitative parameters used for the assessment of glucose uptake included TR ratio for following selected body areas: lachrymal gland, parotid gland, and submandibular gland. Data for lower value of region (low), higher value of region (high), and aggregated value which includes left and right region combined value has been reported. (NCT02899377)
Timeframe: Visit 1: Within 6 weeks after Baseline
| Intervention | Ratio (Mean) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lachrymal gland, Low | Lachrymal gland, High | Lachrymal gland, Aggregated | Parotid gland, Low | Parotid gland, High | Parotid gland, Aggregated | Submandibular gland, Low | Submandibular gland, High | Submandibular gland, Aggregated | |
| Participants With pSS | 0.8529 | 0.9201 | 0.8864 | 1.1158 | 1.2338 | 1.1749 | 1.0472 | 1.2953 | 1.1711 |
Semi-quantitative parameters used for the assessment of uptake included TR ratio for following selected body areas: lachrymal gland, parotid gland, and submandibular gland. Data from static scan for lower value of region (low), higher value of region (high), and aggregated value which includes left and right region combined value has been reported. (NCT02899377)
Timeframe: Visit 1: Within 6 weeks after Baseline
| Intervention | Ratio (Mean) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lachrymal gland, Low | Lachrymal gland, High | Lachrymal gland, Aggregated | Parotid gland, Low | Parotid gland, High | Parotid gland, Aggregated | Submandibular gland, Low | Submandibular gland, High | Submandibular gland, Aggregated | |
| Healthy Participants | 1.8219 | 2.1965 | 2.0094 | 5.1570 | 5.4621 | 5.3096 | 5.0230 | 5.4796 | 5.2513 |
| Participants With pSS | 1.2007 | 1.3178 | 1.2594 | 3.1810 | 3.6198 | 3.4003 | 2.5766 | 3.0126 | 2.7946 |
Quantitative parameters like ADC assessed use of multi-parametric MRI in the assessment of uptake in selected body areas like lachrymal gland, parotid gland, and submandibular gland. The median and interquartile range (IQR) values for ADC was used for analysis. Data for lower value of region (low), higher value of region (high), and aggregated value which includes left and right region combined value has been reported. (NCT02899377)
Timeframe: Visit 1: Within 6 weeks after Baseline
| Intervention | 10^-3 square millimeter per second (Mean) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parotid Gland, Low, IQR, n=12, 11 | Parotid Gland, High, IQR, n=12, 11 | Parotid Gland, Aggregated, IQR, n=12, 11 | Submandibular Gland, Low, IQR, n=12, 10 | Submandibular Gland, High, IQR, n=12, 10 | Submandibular Gland, Aggregated, IQR, n=12, 11 | Parotid Gland, Low, Median, n=12, 11 | Parotid Gland, High, Median, n=12, 11 | Parotid Gland, Aggregated, Median, n=12, 11 | Submandibular Gland, Low, Median, n=12, 10 | Submandibular Gland, High, Median, n=12, 10 | Submandibular Gland, Aggregated, Median, n=12, 11 | |
| Healthy Participants | 0.511 | 0.581 | 0.544 | 0.549 | 0.674 | 0.602 | 1.091 | 1.153 | 1.120 | 1.469 | 1.540 | 1.506 |
| Participants With pSS | 0.516 | 0.646 | 0.582 | 0.765 | 0.928 | 0.809 | 1.011 | 1.117 | 1.069 | 1.410 | 1.551 | 1.474 |
Semi-quantitative parameters used for the assessment of uptake included TR ratio for following selected body areas: aorta, liver, muscle, lumbar vertebra, pancreas, salivary gland, spleen, and thyroid. Data from static scan has been reported. (NCT02899377)
Timeframe: Visit 1: Within 6 weeks after Baseline
| Intervention | Ratio (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aorta | Liver | Lumbar Vertebra | Muscle | Pancreas | Salivary gland | Spleen | Thyroid | |
| Healthy Participants | 1.0910 | 12.8649 | 3.9731 | 1.3354 | 29.8331 | 5.2805 | 3.5414 | 2.1213 |
| Participants With pSS | 1.1352 | 13.1513 | 4.1158 | 1.1914 | 23.5403 | 3.0974 | 3.2872 | 2.3002 |
Semi-quantitative parameters used for the assessment of glucose uptake included TR ratio for the following selected body areas: aorta, liver, lumbar vertebra, muscle, pancreas, salivary gland, spleen, and thyroid. (NCT02899377)
Timeframe: Visit 1: Within 6 weeks after Baseline
| Intervention | Ratio (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aorta | Liver | Lumbar Vertebra | Muscle | Pancreas | Salivary gland | Spleen | Thyroid | |
| Participants With pSS | 1.0660 | 1.7366 | 1.5096 | 0.4669 | 1.4312 | 1.1730 | 1.2625 | 1.2193 |
Semi-quantitative parameters used for the assessment of glucose uptake included Mean, Peak and Max SUV for following selected body areas: lachrymal gland, parotid gland, and submandibular gland. Data for lower value of region (low), higher value of region (high), and aggregated value which is left and right region combined value has been reported for the regions of interest. SUV is a mathematically derived ratio of tissue radioactivity concentration and the injected dose of radioactivity per kilogram of the participant's body weight at a given point in time. (NCT02899377)
Timeframe: Visit 1: Within 6 weeks after Baseline
| Intervention | Grams per milliliter (Mean) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lachrymal gland, Low, Max SUV | Lachrymal gland, High, Max SUV | Lachrymal gland, Aggregated, Max SUV | Parotid gland, Low, Max SUV | Parotid gland, High, Max SUV | Parotid gland, Aggregated, Max SUV | Submandibular gland, Low, Max SUV | Submandibular gland, High, Max SUV | Submandibular gland, Aggregated, Max SUV | Lachrymal gland, Low, Mean SUV | Lachrymal gland, High, Mean SUV | Parotid gland, Low, Mean SUV | Parotid gland, High, Mean SUV | Submandibular gland, Low, Mean SUV | Submandibular gland, High, Mean SUV | Lachrymal gland, Low, Peak SUV | Lachrymal gland, High, Peak SUV | Lachrymal gland, Aggregated, Peak SUV | Parotid gland, Low, Peak SUV | Parotid gland, High, Peak SUV | Parotid gland, Aggregated, Peak SUV | Submandibular gland, Low, Peak SUV | Submandibular gland, High, Peak SUV | Submandibular gland, Aggregated, Peak SUV | |
| Participants With pSS | 1.7808 | 2.0658 | 2.0658 | 2.5767 | 2.7783 | 2.7783 | 2.5200 | 2.9250 | 2.9250 | 1.311 | 1.515 | 1.620 | 1.818 | 1.709 | 1.916 | 1.5842 | 1.7125 | 1.6492 | 2.0150 | 2.2383 | 2.1275 | 1.9275 | 2.3883 | 2.1583 |
Semi-quantitative parameters used for the assessment of uptake included Mean, Peak and Max SUV for following selected body areas: lachrymal gland, parotid gland, and submandibular gland. Data from static scan for lower value of region (low), higher value of region (high), and aggregated value which includes left and right region combined value has been reported. SUV is a mathematically derived ratio of tissue radioactivity concentration and the injected dose of radioactivity per kilogram of the participant's body weight at a given point in time. (NCT02899377)
Timeframe: Visit 1: Within 6 weeks after Baseline
| Intervention | Grams per milliliter (Mean) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lachrymal gland, Low, Max SUV | Lachrymal gland, High, Max SUV | Lachrymal gland, Aggregated, Max SUV | Parotid gland, Low, Max SUV | Parotid gland, High, Max SUV | Parotid gland, Aggregated, Max SUV | Submandibular gland, Low, Max SUV | Submandibular gland, High, Max SUV | Submandibular gland, Aggregated, Max SUV | Lachrymal gland, Low, Mean SUV | Lachrymal gland, High, Mean SUV | Parotid gland, Low, Mean SUV | Parotid gland, High, Mean SUV | Submandibular gland, Low, Mean SUV | Submandibular gland, High, Mean SUV | Lachrymal gland, Low, Peak SUV | Lachrymal gland, High, Peak SUV | Lachrymal gland, Aggregated, Peak SUV | Parotid gland, Low, Peak SUV | Parotid gland, High, Peak SUV | Parotid gland, Aggregated, Peak SUV | Submandibular gland, Low, Peak SUV | Submandibular gland, High, Peak SUV | Submandibular gland, Aggregated, Peak SUV | |
| Healthy Participants | 2.5513 | 3.1250 | 3.1250 | 5.9038 | 6.3750 | 6.3750 | 6.2150 | 6.5488 | 6.5488 | 1.703 | 2.056 | 3.505 | 3.648 | 3.923 | 4.191 | 1.7738 | 2.1688 | 1.9713 | 4.9000 | 5.1663 | 5.0325 | 4.8588 | 5.3100 | 5.0838 |
| Participants With pSS | 1.9133 | 2.1483 | 2.1483 | 4.3933 | 4.9492 | 4.9492 | 3.8583 | 4.4692 | 4.4692 | 1.312 | 1.462 | 2.525 | 2.925 | 2.388 | 2.648 | 1.3525 | 1.4958 | 1.4233 | 3.4367 | 3.9175 | 3.6767 | 2.8025 | 3.2992 | 3.0517 |
Diagnoses were made according to the cytology test results. Percentage of patients per cytology test result was calculated. Multiple diagnoses were possible for the same patient. (NCT03041298)
Timeframe: During MRI procedure
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Invasive ductal carcinoma | Other | Invasive lobular carcinoma | Intraductal carcinoma | Fibroadenoma | Mucinous carcinoma | Inflammatory carcinoma | Papilloma | Medullary carcinoma | Invasive papillary carcinoma | Tubular carcinoma | |
| All Included Patients | 109 | 66 | 35 | 14 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Diagnoses were made with MR images. Percentage of patients per diagnosis was calculated. Multiple diagnoses were possible for the same patient. (NCT03041298)
Timeframe: During MRI procedure
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benign changes | Normal findings | Unilateral focal pathological findings | Other | Invasive ductal carcinoma | Bilateral focal pathological findings | Carcinoma in situ | Extensive intraductal component | |
| All Included Patients | 858 | 324 | 159 | 101 | 72 | 23 | 12 | 7 |
"Image quality was evaluated on a 5-point scale: excellent; good; moderate; poor and very poor." (NCT03041298)
Timeframe: During MRI procedure
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excellent | Good | Moderate | Poor | Very Poor | |
| All Included Patients | 495 | 898 | 118 | 8 | 2 |
"Ability to make a diagnosis was evaluated by answering yes or no to the question Did the examination permit a diagnosis ?" (NCT03041298)
Timeframe: During MRI procedure
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | |
|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | |
| All Included Patients | 1523 | 12 |
The frequency of adverse drug reactions (serious and non-serious) that occurred following injection of Dotarem was recorded. Adverse drug reactions are adverse events related to the product administered. (NCT03041298)
Timeframe: From the beginning of the MR mammography procedure to 30-60 min after
| Intervention | Adverse drug reactions (Number) |
|---|---|
| All Included Patients | 12 |
The frequency of adverse events (serious and non-serious) that occurred following injection of Dotarem was recorded. (NCT03048006)
Timeframe: From the beginning of the MRI procedure to 30-60 min after
| Intervention | adverse events (Number) |
|---|---|
| All Included Patients | 225 |
"Image quality was evaluated with a 5-step scale from excellent to very poor (excellent/very good; good; moderate; poor and very poor)" (NCT03048006)
Timeframe: During MRI procedure
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excellent | Good | Moderate | Poor | Very Poor | |
| All Included Patients | 25580 | 18218 | 516 | 32 | 2 |
Comparison of internal morphology detected by blinded Readers for combined image sets - Equivalence Test (Full Analysis Set). Results are presented as the average Reader score. Blinded Readers scored the structure and internal morphology of up to 5 lesions using image sequences and a 3-point scale (1 - Poor = Poor visibility; 2 - Moderate = Partial visibility; 3 - Good = Sufficient visibility). (NCT03602339)
Timeframe: Up to 20 days
| Intervention | Scores on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Gadoterate 0.1 mmol/kg BW | 2.503 |
| Gadobutrol 0.075 mmol/kg BW | 2.484 |
Diagnostic confidence detected by 3 blinded Readers, gadobutrol vs gadoterate (Full Analysis Set). Blinded Readers rated their confidence in diagnosis according to a 4-point scale (1 - Not confident; 2 - Somewhat confident; 3 - Confident; 4 - Very confident). Results for the Average Reader are reported below. (NCT03602339)
Timeframe: Up to 20 days
| Intervention | Scores on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Gadoterate 0.1 mmol/kg BW | 3.272 |
| Gadobutrol 0.075 mmol/kg BW | 3.348 |
Comparison of image quality between gadobutrol and gadoterate detected by 3 blinded Readers (Full Analysis Set). Blinded Readers assessed the image quality of gadobutrol- and gadoterate-enhanced images (randomly assigned as left [L] and right [R] image positions) according to a 5-point scale (1- Image R is worse; 2 - Image R is slightly worse; 3- Image R is similar; 4 - Image R is slightly better; 5 - Image R is better). After unblinding of data, the above codes were translated into the following scale: -2 = Gadobutrol image set is worse ; -1 = Gadobutrol image set is slightly worse ; 0 = Image sets are the same ; 1 = Gadobutrol image set is slightly better; 2 = Gadobutrol image set is better. Results for the Average Reader are reported below. (NCT03602339)
Timeframe: Up to 20 days
| Intervention | Scores on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Gadoterate 0.1 mmol/kg BW-Gadobutrol 0.075 mmol/kg BW | 0.00 |
Number of lesions identified (up to 10) detected by 3 blinded Readers. The mean (SD) number lesions in the Average Reader for gadobutrol and gadoterate in the Full Analysis Set was reported below. (NCT03602339)
Timeframe: Up to 20 days
| Intervention | Number of lesions identified (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Gadoterate 0.1 mmol/kg BW | 2.064 |
| Gadobutrol 0.075 mmol/kg BW | 2.137 |
Comparison of contrast enhancement utilizing an overall contrast enhancement estimation algorithm (Full Analysis Set). The exploratory algorithm analyzed the overall enhancement by comparing the axial T1w (longitudinal relaxation time-weighted) enhanced images to the T1w unenhanced images. (NCT03602339)
Timeframe: Up to 20 days
| Intervention | Scores on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Relative score | Full image score | Dice score | |
| Gadobutrol 0.075 mmol/kg BW | 0.18564 | 0.05573 | 0.92991 |
| Gadoterate 0.1 mmol/kg BW | 0.19894 | 0.05604 | 0.92984 |
Degree of lesion contrast enhancement is assessed by 3 blinded Readers (Full Analysis Set). Results are presented as the Average Reader score. Blinded Readers scored up to 5 lesions using image sequences and a 4-point scale (1 - No = Lesion not enhanced; 2 - Moderate = Lesion weakly enhanced; 3 - Good = Lesion clearly enhanced; 4 - Excellent = Lesion clearly and brightly enhanced). (NCT03602339)
Timeframe: Up to 20 days
| Intervention | Scores on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Unenhanced | Combined unenhanced/enhanced | |
| Gadobutrol 0.075 mmol/kg BW | 0.863 | 2.979 |
| Gadoterate 0.1 mmol/kg BW | 0.884 | 3.007 |
Lesion border delineation is assessed by 3 blinded Readers (Full Analysis Set). Results are presented as the Average Reader score. Blinded readers scored the delineation of up to 5 lesions using image sequences and a 4-point scale (1 - None = No or unclear delineation; 2 - Moderate = Partial delineation; 3 - Good = Almost clear, but incomplete delineation; 4 - Excellent = Clear and complete delineation). (NCT03602339)
Timeframe: Up to 20 days
| Intervention | Scores on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Unenhanced | Combined unenhanced/enhanced | |
| Gadobutrol 0.075 mmol/kg BW | 2.278 | 3.099 |
| Gadoterate 0.1 mmol/kg BW | 2.279 | 3.096 |
Number of subjects with treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) (Safety Analysis Set). TEAEs are defined as any AEs that increase in intensity or that are newly developed during the TE period for Study Period 1 or Study Period 2, where TE period for Study Period 1 goes from the first study drug administration in Study Period 1 to 24 hours post-injection, and TE period for Study Period 2 from the first study drug administration in Study Period 2 to 24 hours post-injection. (NCT03602339)
Timeframe: From the first study drug administration up to 24 hours post injection
| Intervention | Participants (Number) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any TEAE | Any study drug-related TEAE | Any TEAE related to the protocol | Any TEAE leading to discontinuation | Any TESAE | TEAE with outcome death | |
| Gadobutrol 0.075 mmol/kg BW | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Gadoterate 0.1 mmol/kg BW | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Comparison of border delineation detected by blinded Readers for combined image sets - Equivalence Test (Full Analysis Set). Results are presented as the Average Reader score. Blinded Readers scored the delineation of up to 5 lesions using image sequences and a 4-point scale (1 - None = No or unclear delineation; 2 - Moderate = Partial delineation; 3 - Good = Almost clear, but incomplete delineation; 4 - Excellent = Clear and complete delineation). (NCT03602339)
Timeframe: Up to 20 days
| Intervention | Scores on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Gadoterate 0.1 mmol/kg BW | 3.096 |
| Gadobutrol 0.075 mmol/kg BW | 3.099 |
Lesion internal morphology is assessed by 3 blinded Readers (Full Analysis Set). Results are presented as the Average Reader score. Blinded Readers scored the structure and internal morphology of up to 5 lesions using image sequences and a 3-point scale (1 - Poor = Poor visibility; 2 - Moderate = Partial visibility; 3 - Good = Sufficient visibility) (NCT03602339)
Timeframe: Up to 20 days
| Intervention | Scores on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Unenhanced | Combined unenhanced/enhanced | |
| Gadobutrol 0.075 mmol/kg BW | 1.823 | 2.484 |
| Gadoterate 0.1 mmol/kg BW | 1.835 | 2.503 |
"The 3 Blinded Readers had to evaluate if the diagnosis resulting from the combined images was malignant disease or not. Each blinded Reader provided a malignant yes/no response. This was compared to the final diagnosis provided by the Investigator. The majority of Readers (2 or 3 Readers agree) was used to calculate sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy - eg. Final Diagnosis - Malignant (Reader 1-yes, Reader 2-no, Reader 3-yes --- Majority Reader yes) - this would be a match for sensitivity.~The percentage of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of detection of malignant disease detected by 3 blinded Readers, gadobutrol versus gadoterate (Full Analysis Set) is reported below for Majority Readers." (NCT03602339)
Timeframe: Up to 20 days
| Intervention | Percentage (%) (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Accuracy | Sensitivity | Specificity | |
| Gadobutrol 0.075 mmol/kg BW | 70.2 | 58.7 | 91.8 |
| Gadoterate 0.1 mmol/kg BW | 70.2 | 58.7 | 91.8 |
"Comparison of degree of lesion contrast enhancement detected by blinded Readers for combined image sets - Equivalence Test (Full Analysis Set). Results are presented as the Average Reader score.~Blinded Readers scored up to 5 lesions using image sequences and a 4-point scale (1 - No = Lesion not enhanced; 2 - Moderate = Lesion weakly enhanced; 3 - Good = Lesion clearly enhanced; 4 - Excellent = Lesion clearly and brightly enhanced)." (NCT03602339)
Timeframe: Up to 20 days
| Intervention | Scores on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Gadoterate 0.1 mmol/kg BW | 3.007 |
| Gadobutrol 0.075 mmol/kg BW | 2.979 |
| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| choline [no description available] | 3.1 | 5 | 0 | cholines | allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutrient; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic chlorine | cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite |
| creatine [no description available] | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | glycine derivative; guanidines; zwitterion | geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical |
| lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite |
| hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity | antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite |
| iodine Iodine: A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.. diiodine : Molecule comprising two covalently bonded iodine atoms with overall zero charge.. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | diatomic iodine | nutrient |
| inositol Inositol: An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.. inositol : Any cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol.. 1D-chiro-inositol : Belonging to the inositol family of compounds, D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is an isomer of glucose. It is an important secondary messenger in insulin signal transduction.. muco-inositol : An inositol that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol having a (1R,2R,3r,4R,5S,6r)-configuration. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | cyclitol; hexol | |
| niacinamide nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group. | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | pyridine alkaloid; pyridinecarboxamide; vitamin B3 | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; Sir2 inhibitor |
| nitroxyl nitroxyl: hydroxamic acid oxidized to nitroxyl free radical. nitroxyl : A nitrogen oxoacid consisting of an oxygen atom double-bonded to an NH group. | 3.07 | 1 | 0 | nitrogen oxoacid | |
| pyridoxal phosphate Pyridoxal Phosphate: This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).. pyridoxal 5'-phosphate : The monophosphate ester obtained by condensation of phosphoric acid with the primary hydroxy group of pyridoxal. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | methylpyridines; monohydroxypyridine; pyridinecarbaldehyde; vitamin B6 phosphate | coenzyme; cofactor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound | Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| alendronate alendronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is methanebis(phosphonic acid) in which the two methylene hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy and 3-aminopropyl groups. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); primary amino compound | bone density conservation agent; EC 2.5.1.1 (dimethylallyltranstransferase) inhibitor |
| diatrizoic acid Diatrizoate: A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.. amidotrizoic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, mainly as its N-methylglucamine and sodium salts, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; benzoic acids; organoiodine compound | environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic |
| bumetanide [no description available] | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | amino acid; benzoic acids; sulfonamide | diuretic; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor |
| verapamil Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; tertiary amino compound | |
| cystamine [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | organic disulfide; primary amino compound | EC 2.3.2.13 (protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor |
| pentetic acid Pentetic Acid: An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium. | 9.58 | 43 | 2 | pentacarboxylic acid | copper chelator |
| dipyridamole Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | piperidines; pyrimidopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound; tetrol | adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| ethylenediamine ethylenediamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; edamine is the recommended contraction for the ethylenediamine radical. ethylenediamine : An alkane-alpha,omega-diamine in which the alkane is ethane. | 2.51 | 2 | 0 | alkane-alpha,omega-diamine | GABA agonist |
| fluorouracil Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | nucleobase analogue; organofluorine compound | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic |
| iodixanol iodixanol: dimeric contrast media; structure given in first source. iodixanol : A dimeric, non-ionic, water-soluble, radiographic contrast agent, used particularly in coronary angiography. | 2 | 1 | 0 | organoiodine compound | radioopaque medium |
| iohexol Iohexol: An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality.. iohexol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and an N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido group at the 5-position. | 3.57 | 8 | 0 | benzenedicarboxamide; organoiodine compound | environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic |
| iomeprol iomeprol: structure given in first source. iomeprol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-substituted carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and a glycoloyl(methyl)amino group at the 5-position. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | benzenedicarboxamide; organoiodine compound | environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic |
| iopromide iopromide: structure given in first source. iopromide : A dicarboxylic acid diamide that consists of N-methylisophthalamide bearing three iodo substituents at positions 2, 4 and 6, a methoxyacetyl substituent at position 5 and two 2,3-dihydroxypropyl groups attached to the amide nitrogens. A water soluble x-ray contrast agent for intravascular administration. | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid diamide; organoiodine compound | environmental contaminant; nephrotoxic agent; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic |
| ioxaglate Ioxaglic Acid: A low-osmolar, ionic contrast medium used in various radiographic procedures.. ioxaglic acid : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-substituted carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and an acetyl(methyl)amino group at the 5-position. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | benzenedicarboxamide; benzoic acids; organoiodine compound | radioopaque medium |
| deet N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of m-toluic acid with the nitrogen of diethylamine. First developed by the U.S. Army in 1946 for use by military personnel in insect-infested areas, it is the most widely used insect repellent worldwide. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | benzamides; monocarboxylic acid amide | environmental contaminant; insect repellent; xenobiotic |
| zinc chloride zinc chloride: RN given refers to parent cpd. zinc dichloride : A compound of zinc and chloride ions in the ratio 1:2. It exists in four crystalline forms, in each of which the Zn(2+) ions are trigonal planar coordinated to four chloride ions. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | inorganic chloride; zinc molecular entity | astringent; disinfectant; EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor; Lewis acid |
| prednisolone Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic |
| phentolamine Phentolamine: A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.. phentolamine : A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | imidazoles; phenols; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; vasodilator agent |
| pilocarpine Pilocarpine: A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.. (+)-pilocarpine : The (+)-enantiomer of pilocarpine. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | pilocarpine | antiglaucoma drug |
| alanine Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | alanine zwitterion; alanine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid | EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite |
| aspartic acid Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; aspartic acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter |
| glutamine Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; glutamine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| lysine Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine. | 3.58 | 2 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; lysine; organic molecular entity; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; anticonvulsant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| sucrose Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | glycosyl glycoside | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent |
| galactose galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | D-galactose; galactopyranose | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| levodopa Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.. L-dopa : An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease | 3.17 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; dopa; L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | allelochemical; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; hapten; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; prodrug |
| edetic acid Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive. | 3.23 | 6 | 0 | ethylenediamine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid | anticoagulant; antidote; chelator; copper chelator; geroprotector |
| lactose Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | lactose | |
| mannitol [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | mannitol | allergen; antiglaucoma drug; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; food anticaking agent; food bulking agent; food humectant; food stabiliser; food thickening agent; hapten; metabolite; osmotic diuretic; sweetening agent |
| boranes Boranes: The collective name for the boron hydrides, which are analogous to the alkanes and silanes. Numerous boranes are known. Some have high calorific values and are used in high-energy fuels. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). borane : The simplest borane, consisting of a single boron atom carrying three hydrogens.. boranes : The molecular hydrides of boron. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | boranes; mononuclear parent hydride | |
| bromthymol blue Bromthymol Blue: A pH sensitive dye that has been used as an indicator in many laboratory reactions.. bromothymol blue : A member of the class of 2,1-benzoxathioles that is 2,1-benzoxathiole 1,1-dioxide in which both of the hydrogens at position 3 have been substituted by 3-bromo-4-hydroxy-5-isopropyl-2-methylphenyl groups. | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2,1-benzoxathiole; arenesulfonate ester; organobromine compound; polyphenol; sultone | acid-base indicator; dye; two-colour indicator |
| taurocholic acid Taurocholic Acid: The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic.. taurocholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurocholic acid.. taurocholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of cholic acid that usually occurs as the sodium salt of bile in mammals. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | amino sulfonic acid; bile acid taurine conjugate | human metabolite |
| framycetin Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). framycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | aminoglycoside | allergen; antibacterial drug; Escherichia coli metabolite |
| diatrizoate meglumine Diatrizoate Meglumine: A versatile contrast medium used for DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY RADIOLOGY.. meglumine amidotrizoate : The N-methylglucamine salt of amidotrizoic acid. Both the sodium and the meglumine salts of amidotrizoic acid have been widely used as water-soluble radioopaque media in diagnostic radiography. The use of a mixture of the two salts is often preferred, as adverse effects can be reduced. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid anion | radioopaque medium |
| meglumine Meglumine: 1-Deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A derivative of sorbitol in which the hydroxyl group in position 1 is replaced by a methylamino group. Often used in conjunction with iodinated organic compounds as contrast medium.. N-methylglucamine : A hexosamine that is D-glucitol in which the hydroxy group at position 1 is substituted by the nitrogen of a methylamino group. A crystalline base, it is used in preparing salts of certain acids for use as diagnostic radiopaque media, while its antimonate is used as an antiprotozoal in the treatment of leishmaniasis. | 8.69 | 26 | 6 | hexosamine; secondary amino compound | |
| evans blue Evans Blue: An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.. Evans blue : An organic sodium salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 6,6'-{(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[diazene-2,1-diyl]}bis(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). It is sometimes used as a counterstain, especially in fluorescent methods to suppress background autofluorescence. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | organic sodium salt | fluorochrome; histological dye; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent |
| rhein [no description available] | 2.59 | 2 | 0 | dihydroxyanthraquinone | |
| azomycin azomycin: RN given refers to parent cpd with specified locant; structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; imidazoles | antitubercular agent |
| myristic acid Myristic Acid: A saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. It is used to synthesize flavor and as an ingredient in soaps and cosmetics. (From Dorland, 28th ed). tetradecanoic acid : A straight-chain, fourteen-carbon, long-chain saturated fatty acid mostly found in milk fat.. tetradecanoate : A long-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of myristic acid; major species at pH 7.3. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | long-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite |
| fluorescein Fluorescein: A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium such as the aqueous humor.. fluorescein (lactone form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent, detectable even when present in minute quantities. Used forensically to detect traces of blood, in analytical chemistry as an indicator in silver nitrate titrations and in microscopy. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | 2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxaspiro compound; polyphenol; xanthene dye | fluorescent dye; radioopaque medium |
| sulfur hexafluoride Sulfur Hexafluoride: Sulfur hexafluoride. An inert gas used mainly as a test gas in respiratory physiology. Other uses include its injection in vitreoretinal surgery to restore the vitreous chamber and as a tracer in monitoring the dispersion and deposition of air pollutants.. sulfur hexafluoride : A sulfur coordination entity consisting of six fluorine atoms attached to a central sulfur atom. It is the most potent greenhouse gas currently known, with a global warming potential of 23,900 times that of CO2 over a 100 year period (SF6 has an estimated lifetime in the atmosphere of between 800 and 3,000 years). | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | sulfur coordination entity | greenhouse gas; NMR chemical shift reference compound; ultrasound contrast agent |
| sulfuryl fluoride sulfuryl fluoride: fumigant | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | sulfuryl halide | fumigant insecticide |
| fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques. | 3.3 | 6 | 0 | fluorescein isothiocyanate | |
| dysprosium Dysprosium: An element of the rare earth family that has the atomic symbol Dy, atomic number 66, and atomic weight 162.50. Dysprosium is a silvery metal used primarily in the form of various salts. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
| manganese Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4. | 2.83 | 3 | 0 | elemental manganese; manganese group element atom | Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient |
| samarium Samarium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sm, atomic number 62, and atomic weight 150.36. The oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
| technetium Technetium: The first artificially produced element and a radioactive fission product of URANIUM. Technetium has the atomic symbol Tc, and atomic number 43. All technetium isotopes are radioactive. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) which is the decay product of Molybdenum 99, has a half-life of about 6 hours and is used diagnostically as a radioactive imaging agent. Technetium 99 which is a decay product of technetium 99m, has a half-life of 210,000 years. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | manganese group element atom | |
| terbium Terbium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Tb, atomic number 65, and atomic weight 158.92. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
| titanium Titanium: A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts with atomic number, 22, atomic weight, 47.867 and symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | titanium group element atom | |
| actinium Actinium: A trivalent radioactive element and the prototypical member of the actinide family. It has the atomic symbol Ac, and atomic number 89. Its principal isotope is 227 and it decays primarily by beta-emission. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | actinoid atom; f-block element atom; scandium group element atom | |
| europium Europium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Eu, atomic number 63, and atomic weight 152. Europium is used in the form of its salts as coatings for cathode ray tubes and in the form of its organic derivatives as shift reagents in NMR spectroscopy. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
| gadolinium Gadolinium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Gd, atomic number 64, and atomic weight 157.25. Its oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors. | 11.94 | 170 | 1 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
| gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental gold | |
| yttrium Yttrium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Y, atomic number 39, and atomic weight 88.91. In conjunction with other rare earths, yttrium is used as a phosphor in television receivers and is a component of the yttrium-aluminum garnet (YAG) lasers. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | d-block element atom; rare earth metal atom; scandium group element atom | |
| camptothecin NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; quinoline alkaloid; tertiary alcohol | antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; genotoxin; plant metabolite |
| barium sulfate Barium Sulfate: A compound used as an x-ray contrast medium that occurs in nature as the mineral barite. It is also used in various manufacturing applications and mixed into heavy concrete to serve as a radiation shield.. barium sulfate : A metal sulfate with formula BaO4S. Virtually insoluble in water at room temperature, it is mostly used as a component in oil well drilling fluid it occurs naturally as the mineral barite. | 4.03 | 4 | 0 | barium salt; inorganic barium salt; metal sulfate | radioopaque medium |
| deuterium Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | dihydrogen | |
| fluorine Fluorine: A nonmetallic, diatomic gas that is a trace element and member of the halogen family. It is used in dentistry as fluoride (FLUORIDES) to prevent dental caries. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | diatomic fluorine; gas molecular entity | NMR chemical shift reference compound |
| titanium dioxide titanium dioxide: used medically as protectant against externally caused irritation & sunlight; high concentrations of dust may cause irritation to respiratory tract; RN given refers to titanium oxide (TiO2); structure. titanium dioxide : A titanium oxide with the formula TiO2. A naturally occurring oxide sourced from ilmenite, rutile and anatase, it has a wide range of applications. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | titanium oxides | food colouring |
| phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; phenyl acetates | |
| azides Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | pseudohalide anion | mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor |
| paclitaxel Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL). | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid | antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent |
| dobutamine Dobutamine: A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.. dobutamine : A catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure. | 3.34 | 2 | 0 | catecholamine; secondary amine | beta-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent |
| diltiazem Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate | antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent |
| epirubicin Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | aminoglycoside; anthracycline antibiotic; anthracycline; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative; p-quinones; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor |
| pimonidazole pimonidazole: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| technetium tc 99m mertiatide Technetium Tc 99m Mertiatide: A technetium diagnostic aid used in renal function determination. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| irinotecan [no description available] | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | carbamate ester; delta-lactone; N-acylpiperidine; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; ring assembly; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; prodrug |
| adenosine quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | adenosines; purines D-ribonucleoside | analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| gadolinium chloride gadolinium chloride: a macrophage inhibitor; reduces pulmonary injury and inflammatory mediator production induced by inhaled ozone | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | gadolinium coordination entity | TRP channel blocker |
| cyclen cyclen: macrocyclic polyamine metal-complexing agent. 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane : An azacycloalkane that is cyclododecane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 4, 7 and 10 are replaced by nitrogen atoms. | 2.84 | 3 | 0 | azacycloalkane; crown amine; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent | |
| n-acetylaspartic acid N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid : An N-acyl-L-aspartic acid in which the acyl group is specified as acetyl. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | N-acetyl-L-amino acid; N-acyl-L-aspartic acid | antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; rat metabolite |
| iopamidol Iopamidol: A non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiological procedures.. iopamidol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-substituted carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and a (2S)-2-hydroxypropanamido group at the 5-position. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | benzenedicarboxamide; organoiodine compound; pentol | environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic |
| iobitridol [no description available] | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | benzenedicarboxamide; hexol; organoiodine compound | environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic |
| fluorodeoxyglucose f18 Fluorodeoxyglucose F18: The compound is given by intravenous injection to do POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY for the assessment of cerebral and myocardial glucose metabolism in various physiological or pathological states including stroke and myocardial ischemia. It is also employed for the detection of malignant tumors including those of the brain, liver, and thyroid gland. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1162) | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | 2-deoxy-2-((18)F)fluoro-D-glucose; 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-aldehydo-D-glucose | |
| zoledronic acid Zoledronic Acid: An imidobisphosphonate inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION that is used for the treatment of malignancy-related HYPERCALCEMIA; OSTEITIS DEFORMANS; and OSTEOPOROSIS.. zoledronic acid : An imidazole compound having a 2,2-bis(phosphono)-2-hydroxyethane-1-yl substituent at the 1-position. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); imidazoles | bone density conservation agent |
| sprodiamide sprodiamide: a magnetic susceptibility-based MRI contrast agent; a diagnostic aid; RN given refers to anhydrous compound | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| prednisolone phosphate prednisolone phosphate: RN given refers to (11 beta)-isomer. prednisolone phosphate : A synthetic glucocorticoid resulting from the formal condensation of the 21-hydroxy group of prednisolone with one of the hydroxy groups of phosphoric acid. It is a prodrug for prednisolone that is activated in vivo by phosphatases. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; glucocorticoid; steroid phosphate; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; glucocorticoid receptor agonist; prodrug |
| methylthymol blue methylthymol blue: RN given refers to tetra-Na salt | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-cresolphthalexon 2-cresolphthalexon: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| gadolinium edta gadolinium EDTA: contrast agent in NMR imaging | 3.08 | 5 | 0 | ||
| fibrinogen Fibrinogen: Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products.. D-iditol : The D-enantiomer of iditol. | 3.5 | 2 | 0 | iditol | fungal metabolite |
| di-tert-butylperoxy-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane peroxide di-tert-butylperoxy-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane peroxide: widely used as a source of free radicals in the hardening of unsaturated polyester resins and the polymerization of styrene; structure in second source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid: amino acid sequence of basic unit of widespread cellular recognition system | 2.99 | 4 | 0 | oligopeptide | |
| fingolimod hydrochloride Fingolimod Hydrochloride: A sphingosine-derivative and IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT that blocks the migration and homing of LYMPHOCYTES to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM through its action on SPHINGOSINE 1-PHOSPHATE RECEPTORS. It is used in the treatment of MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS.. fingolimod hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of 2-amino-2-[2-(4-octylphenyl) ethyl]-1,3-propanediol (fingolimod). | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | hydrochloride | immunosuppressive agent; prodrug; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist |
| 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane- 1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane- 1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid: structure given in first source. DOTA : An azamacrocyle in which four nitrogen atoms at positions 1, 4, 7 and 10 of a twelve-membered ring are each substituted with a carboxymethyl group. | 3.17 | 5 | 0 | azamacrocycle | chelator; copper chelator |
| fullerene c60 Fullerenes: A polyhedral CARBON structure composed of around 60-80 carbon atoms in pentagon and hexagon configuration. They are named after Buckminster Fuller because of structural resemblance to geodesic domes. Fullerenes can be made in high temperature such as arc discharge in an inert atmosphere.. fullerene : A compound composed solely of an even number of carbon atoms, which form a cage-like fused-ring polycyclic system with twelve five-membered rings and the rest six-membered rings. The term has been broadened to include any closed cage structure consisting entirely of three-coordinate carbon atoms. | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | fullerene | geroprotector |
| technetium tc 99m hydroxymethylene diphosphonate technetium Tc 99m hydroxymethylene diphosphonate: bone-seeking radiopharmaceutical | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glycerophosphoethanolamine glycerol 3-phosphoethanolamine: a membrane lipid degradation product | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | phosphoethanolamine; sn-glycerol 3-phosphates | |
| vadimezan vadimezan : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 5,6-dimethyl-9-oxoxanthen-4-yl group. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid; xanthones | antineoplastic agent |
| 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-n,n',n''-triacetic acid 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-N,N',N''-triacetic acid: structure given in first source | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| methotrexate [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; pteridines | abortifacient; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent |
| tariquidar [no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| vatalanib [no description available] | 3.34 | 2 | 0 | monochlorobenzenes; phthalazines; pyridines; secondary amino compound | angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist |
| gadolinium oxide gadolinium oxide: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Gd2-O3 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| gadolinium (+3) acetate [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| singlet oxygen Singlet Oxygen: An excited state of molecular oxygen generated photochemically or chemically. Singlet oxygen reacts with a variety of biological molecules such as NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS; causing oxidative damages. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | chalcogen; monoatomic oxygen; nonmetal atom | macronutrient |
| biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms. | 2.53 | 2 | 0 | biotins; vitamin B7 | coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| cilengitide Cilengitide: an alphaVbeta3 integrin antagonist that paralyzes cancer cells | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | oligopeptide | |
| sorafenib [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | (trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; phenylureas; pyridinecarboxamide | angiogenesis inhibitor; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| glycogen glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues. | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | ||
| fibrin Fibrin: A protein derived from FIBRINOGEN in the presence of THROMBIN, which forms part of the blood clot. | 3.48 | 7 | 0 | peptide | |
| betadex beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds. | 2.57 | 2 | 0 | cyclodextrin | |
| calix(4)arene calix(4)arene: a cyclophane consisting of four phenolic units linked by methylene groups; structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| stilbenes Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | stilbene | |
| iothalamate meglumine Iothalamate Meglumine: A radiopaque medium used for urography, angiography, venography, and myelography. It is highly viscous and binds to plasma proteins. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | amidobenzoic acid | |
| curcumin Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol | anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; contraceptive drug; dye; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; food colouring; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; immunomodulator; iron chelator; ligand; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical; radical scavenger |
| 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-n,n',n''-tris(methylenephosphonate monoethyl ester) 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-N,N',N''-tris(methylenephosphonate monoethyl ester): a (31)P NMR probe for measurement of divalent cations in biological systems; structure given in first source | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| calixarenes Calixarenes: Phenolic metacyclophanes derived from condensation of PHENOLS and ALDEHYDES. The name derives from the vase-like molecular structures. A bracketed [n] indicates the number of aromatic rings.. calixarenes : Originally macrocyclic compounds capable of assuming a basket (or "calix") shaped conformation. They are formed from p-hydrocarbyl phenols and formaldehyde. The term now applies to a variety of derivatives by substitution of the hydrocarbon cyclo{oligo[(1,3-phenylene)methylene]}.. calixarene : A macrocycle composed of 1,3-phenylene groups linked by methylene groups. The number of 1,3-phenylene units in the macrocycle is denoted by the "n" in calix[n]arene name. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | ||
| myelin basic protein Myelin Basic Protein: An abundant cytosolic protein that plays a critical role in the structure of multilamellar myelin. Myelin basic protein binds to the cytosolic sides of myelin cell membranes and causes a tight adhesion between opposing cell membranes. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sphingosine sphing-4-enine : A sphingenine in which the C=C double bond is located at the 4-position.. sphingenine : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.. sphingoid : Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds.. 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having its double bond at position 4. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | sphing-4-enine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| fosbretabulin fosbretabulin: a microtubule destabilizing agent isolated from Combretum caffrum; structure in first source | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-di-O-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine where the two phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).. dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine where the phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl). | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; phosphatidylcholine 28:0; tetradecanoate ester | antigen; mouse metabolite |
| cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | cysteinium | fundamental metabolite |
| silicon Silicon: A trace element that constitutes about 27.6% of the earth's crust in the form of SILICON DIOXIDE. It does not occur free in nature. Silicon has the atomic symbol Si, atomic number 14, and atomic weight [28.084; 28.086]. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | carbon group element atom; metalloid atom; nonmetal atom | |
| carbocyanines Carbocyanines: Compounds that contain three methine groups. They are frequently used as cationic dyes used for differential staining of biological materials. | 2.78 | 3 | 0 | cyanine dye; organic iodide salt | fluorochrome |
| 1,2-bis(10(2',4'-hexadienoyloxy)decanoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine 1,2-bis(10(2',4'-hexadienoyloxy)decanoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine: structure given in first source | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| gadolinium dtpa Gadolinium DTPA: A complex of gadolinium with a chelating agent, diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA see PENTETIC ACID), that is given to enhance the image in cranial and spinal MRIs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p706) | 10.74 | 94 | 3 | gadolinium coordination entity | MRI contrast agent |
| phosphocreatine Phosphocreatine: An endogenous substance found mainly in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. It has been tried in the treatment of cardiac disorders and has been added to cardioplegic solutions. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1996). phosphagen : Any of a group of guanidine or amidine phosphates that function as storage depots for high-energy phosphate in muscle with the purpose of regenerating ATP from ADP during muscular contraction.. N-phosphocreatine : A phosphoamino acid consisting of creatine having a phospho group attached at the primary nitrogen of the guanidino group. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | phosphagen; phosphoamino acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| technetium tc 99m diphosphonate technetium Tc 99m diphosphonate: bone seeking radiopharmaceutical whose concentration in bone depends upon regional blood flow & bone metabolism | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| flag peptide FLAG peptide: engineered as a tag for immunoaffinity purification of genetically-engineered proteins; amino acid sequence given in first source; a polar octapeptide. FLAG peptide : An eight amino acid peptide consisting of L-aspartic acid, L-tyrosine, L-lysine, four L-aspartic acid residues, and L-lysine joined in sequence by peptide linkages. It is widely used as a fusion tag for the purification and detection of a wide variety of recombinant proteins. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | peptide | |
| mocetinostat mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11). | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | aminopyrimidine; benzamides; pyridines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent |
| zeolites [no description available] | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ||
| indocyanine green Indocyanine Green: A tricarbocyanine dye that is used diagnostically in liver function tests and to determine blood volume and cardiac output. | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | 1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate; benzoindole; cyanine dye | |
| scopolamine hydrobromide [no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| oligonucleotides [no description available] | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | ||
| phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | |
| hoe 33342 bisbenzimide ethoxide trihydrochloride: benzimidazole fluorescent dye | 2.92 | 1 | 0 | ||
| technetium tc 99m sestamibi Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi: A technetium imaging agent used to reveal blood-starved cardiac tissue during a heart attack. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| optimark [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| meglumine ioxithalamate meglumine ioxithalamate: structure | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| gadofosveset trisodium gadofosveset trisodium: a low molecular weight molecule chelated to Gadolinium, that strongly binds to plasma proteins; Vasovist is an injectable for imaging the vascular system by magnetic resonance angiography | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | ||
| arabinogalactan [no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| mannans [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| natriuretic peptide, brain Natriuretic Peptide, Brain: A PEPTIDE that is secreted by the BRAIN and the HEART ATRIA, stored mainly in cardiac ventricular MYOCARDIUM. It can cause NATRIURESIS; DIURESIS; VASODILATION; and inhibits secretion of RENIN and ALDOSTERONE. It improves heart function. It contains 32 AMINO ACIDS. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | polypeptide | |
| n,n'-bis(pyridoxal-5-phosphate)ethylenediamine-n,n'-diacetic acid [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| contrast agent p792 contrast agent P792: a gadolinium macrocyclic compound based on a Gd-DOTA structure substituted by hydrophilic arms; rapid clearance blood pool agent for magnetic resonance imaging; structure in first source | 3.63 | 9 | 0 | ||
| gadoxetic acid disodium gadolinium ethoxybenzyl DTPA: DTPA covalently linked to the lipoohilic ethoxybenzyl moiety; a contrast agent in MR imaging of hepatobiliary system | 3.37 | 5 | 0 | ||
| lipofectamine Lipofectamine: mediates gene transfer; a polycationic lipid reagent | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| technetium tc 99m medronate Technetium Tc 99m Medronate: A gamma-emitting radionuclide imaging agent used primarily in skeletal scintigraphy. Because of its absorption by a variety of tumors, it is useful for the detection of neoplasms. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| technetium tc-99m tetrofosmin [no description available] | 4.13 | 3 | 0 | ||
| muramidase Muramidase: A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| levoleucovorin Levoleucovorin: A folate analog consisting of the pharmacologically active isomer of LEUCOVORIN.. (6S)-5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid : The pharmacologically active (6S)-stereoisomer of 5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | 5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid | antineoplastic agent; metabolite |
| folic acid folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | folic acids; N-acyl-amino acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient |
| Condition | Indicated | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Malignant Melanoma [description not available] | 0 | 3.19 | 5 | 0 |
| Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445) | 0 | 3.19 | 5 | 0 |
| Benign Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 4.26 | 16 | 0 |
| Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. | 0 | 4.26 | 16 | 0 |
| Cancer of Liver [description not available] | 0 | 5.14 | 17 | 0 |
| Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER. | 0 | 5.14 | 17 | 0 |
| Kidney Failure A severe irreversible decline in the ability of kidneys to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. | 0 | 3.08 | 4 | 0 |
| Renal Insufficiency Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE. | 0 | 3.08 | 4 | 0 |
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma [description not available] | 0 | 3.87 | 4 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Hepatocellular A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested. | 0 | 3.87 | 4 | 0 |
| Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply. | 0 | 3.29 | 6 | 0 |
| Benign Neoplasms, Brain [description not available] | 0 | 6.74 | 31 | 2 |
| Brain Neoplasms Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain. | 0 | 6.74 | 31 | 2 |
| Chronic Kidney Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 5.76 | 2 | 1 |
| Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis [description not available] | 0 | 6.01 | 3 | 1 |
| Renal Insufficiency, Chronic Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE). (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002) | 0 | 5.76 | 2 | 1 |
| Nephrogenic Fibrosing Dermopathy A chronic, acquired, idiopathic, progressive eruption of the skin that occurs in the context of RENAL FAILURE. It is sometimes accompanied by systemic fibrosis. The pathogenesis seems to be multifactorial, with postulated involvement of circulating fibrocytes. There is a strong association between this disorder and the use of gadolinium-based contrast agents. | 0 | 6.01 | 3 | 1 |
| Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. | 0 | 4.78 | 29 | 0 |
| Astrocytoma, Grade IV [description not available] | 0 | 3.47 | 7 | 0 |
| Glioblastoma A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures. | 0 | 3.47 | 7 | 0 |
| Endolymphatic Hydrops An accumulation of ENDOLYMPH in the inner ear (LABYRINTH) leading to buildup of pressure and distortion of intralabyrinthine structures, such as COCHLEA and SEMICIRCULAR CANALS. It is characterized by SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; TINNITUS; and sometimes VERTIGO. | 0 | 2.61 | 2 | 0 |
| Fistula Abnormal communication most commonly seen between two internal organs, or between an internal organ and the surface of the body. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Auditory Vertigo [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Vestibular Diseases Pathological processes of the VESTIBULAR LABYRINTH which contains part of the balancing apparatus. Patients with vestibular diseases show instability and are at risk of frequent falls. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Meniere Disease A disease of the inner ear (LABYRINTH) that is characterized by fluctuating SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; TINNITUS; episodic VERTIGO; and aural fullness. It is the most common form of endolymphatic hydrops. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Cirrhosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.79 | 10 | 0 |
| Cancer of Pancreas [description not available] | 0 | 4.24 | 6 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Ductal, Pancreatic [description not available] | 0 | 2.59 | 2 | 0 |
| Local Neoplasm Recurrence [description not available] | 0 | 3.09 | 5 | 0 |
| Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury. | 0 | 3.79 | 10 | 0 |
| Pancreatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA). | 0 | 4.24 | 6 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS. | 0 | 2.59 | 2 | 0 |
| Blood Clot [description not available] | 0 | 3.12 | 5 | 0 |
| Thrombosis Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel. | 0 | 3.12 | 5 | 0 |
| Angioma A vascular anomaly due to proliferation of blood or lymphatic vessels that forms a tumor-like mass. Vessels in the angioma may or may not be dilated. | 0 | 3.7 | 1 | 1 |
| Hemangioma A vascular anomaly due to proliferation of BLOOD VESSELS that forms a tumor-like mass. The common types involve CAPILLARIES and VEINS. It can occur anywhere in the body but is most frequently noticed in the SKIN and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. (from Stedman, 27th ed, 2000) | 0 | 3.7 | 1 | 1 |
| Carditis [description not available] | 0 | 3.03 | 4 | 0 |
| Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course. | 0 | 5.84 | 8 | 1 |
| Myocarditis Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies. | 0 | 3.03 | 4 | 0 |
| Atheroma [description not available] | 0 | 2.83 | 3 | 0 |
| Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Dislocation of the HIP JOINT from an abnormal FEMORAL HEAD to the ACETABULUM relationship. It is most often due to ligamentous laxity, abnormal positioning of the joint and various other developmental, congenital factors, and method of delivery (e.g., OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS). When dislocation is diagnosed in neonates it is referred to as CONGENITAL HIP DYSPLASIA. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Breast Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 7.19 | 21 | 1 |
| Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST. | 0 | 7.19 | 21 | 1 |
| Cardiovascular Stroke [description not available] | 0 | 8.82 | 35 | 2 |
| Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION). | 0 | 8.82 | 35 | 2 |
| Abnormality, Heart [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Heart Defects, Congenital Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Anoxemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
| Hypoxia Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms. | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
| Experimental Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 3.65 | 9 | 0 |
| Neuroendocrine Tumors Tumors whose cells possess secretory granules and originate from the neuroectoderm, i.e., the cells of the ectoblast or epiblast that program the neuroendocrine system. Common properties across most neuroendocrine tumors include ectopic hormone production (often via APUD CELLS), the presence of tumor-associated antigens, and isozyme composition. | 0 | 4.05 | 5 | 0 |
| Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. | 0 | 2.78 | 3 | 0 |
| Arrhythmia [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiomyopathies, Primary [description not available] | 0 | 3.16 | 5 | 0 |
| Arrhythmias, Cardiac Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiomyopathies A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS). | 0 | 3.16 | 5 | 0 |
| Brain Vascular Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
| Cerebrovascular Disorders A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others. | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
| Cancer of Cervix [description not available] | 0 | 2.71 | 3 | 0 |
| Uterine Cervical Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX. | 0 | 2.71 | 3 | 0 |
| Bacterial Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| E coli Infections [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Staphylococcal [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Bacterial Infections Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Escherichia coli Infections Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Staphylococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Carotid Artery Narrowing [description not available] | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
| Carotid Stenosis Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 822-3) | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
| Cicatrization The formation of fibrous tissue in the place of normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING. It includes scar tissue formation occurring in healing internal organs as well as in the skin after surface injuries. | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Cicatrix The fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING. | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Cardiovascular Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM. | 0 | 3.87 | 2 | 1 |
| Bone Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 3.09 | 5 | 0 |
| Bone Neoplasms Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES. | 0 | 3.09 | 5 | 0 |
| Autoimmune Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Inner Ear Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Autoimmune Diseases Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Labyrinth Diseases Pathological processes of the inner ear (LABYRINTH) which contains the essential apparatus of hearing (COCHLEA) and balance (SEMICIRCULAR CANALS). | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Orbital Neoplasms Neoplasms of the bony orbit and contents except the eyeball. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Anaplastic Astrocytoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Astrocytoma Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082) | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant solid tumor arising from mesenchymal tissues which normally differentiate to form striated muscle. It can occur in a wide variety of sites. It is divided into four distinct types: pleomorphic, predominantly in male adults; alveolar (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, ALVEOLAR), mainly in adolescents and young adults; embryonal (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, EMBRYONAL), predominantly in infants and children; and botryoidal, also in young children. It is one of the most frequently occurring soft tissue sarcomas and the most common in children under 15. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2186; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1647-9) | 0 | 2.73 | 3 | 0 |
| Disease Exacerbation [description not available] | 0 | 3.04 | 4 | 0 |
| Atherogenesis [description not available] | 0 | 2.98 | 4 | 0 |
| Arterial Diseases, Carotid [description not available] | 0 | 3.88 | 2 | 1 |
| Rupture, Spontaneous Tear or break of an organ, vessel or other soft part of the body, occurring in the absence of external force. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Aortic Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the AORTA. | 0 | 2.77 | 3 | 0 |
| Carotid Artery Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent causes of carotid artery pathology. | 0 | 3.88 | 2 | 1 |
| Atherosclerosis A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA. | 0 | 2.98 | 4 | 0 |
| Asthma, Bronchial [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Asthma A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL). | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Anaplastic [description not available] | 0 | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Infarct [description not available] | 0 | 2.91 | 4 | 0 |
| Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion [description not available] | 0 | 2.77 | 3 | 0 |
| Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer. | 0 | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Reperfusion Injury Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA. | 0 | 2.77 | 3 | 0 |
| Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Prostate [description not available] | 0 | 4.93 | 8 | 1 |
| Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE. | 0 | 4.93 | 8 | 1 |
| Cystic Hygroma Colli [description not available] | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available] | 0 | 2.99 | 4 | 0 |
| Blood Pressure, High [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57) | 0 | 2.99 | 4 | 0 |
| Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Allergy, Drug [description not available] | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
| Drug Hypersensitivity Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally. | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
| Experimental Hepatoma [description not available] | 0 | 3.3 | 6 | 0 |
| Amyloid Deposits [description not available] | 0 | 2.97 | 4 | 0 |
| Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) | 0 | 11.45 | 66 | 12 |
| Acute Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| MS (Multiple Sclerosis) [description not available] | 0 | 4.65 | 6 | 0 |
| Multiple Sclerosis An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903) | 0 | 4.65 | 6 | 0 |
| Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting The most common clinical variant of MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, characterized by recurrent acute exacerbations of neurologic dysfunction followed by partial or complete recovery. Common clinical manifestations include loss of visual (see OPTIC NEURITIS), motor, sensory, or bladder function. Acute episodes of demyelination may occur at any site in the central nervous system, and commonly involve the optic nerves, spinal cord, brain stem, and cerebellum. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp903-914) | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Angiogenesis, Pathologic [description not available] | 0 | 5.1 | 16 | 0 |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 4.32 | 4 | 1 |
| Arthritis, Rheumatoid A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated. | 0 | 4.32 | 4 | 1 |
| Granulomas [description not available] | 0 | 3.89 | 2 | 1 |
| Granuloma A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious and noninfectious agents. | 0 | 3.89 | 2 | 1 |
| Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available] | 0 | 3.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. | 0 | 3.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Cardiac Failure [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Colorectal Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 4.05 | 5 | 0 |
| Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI. | 0 | 4.05 | 5 | 0 |
| Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues. | 0 | 3.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Cancer of the Thyroid [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Thyroid Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine A group of carcinomas which share a characteristic morphology, often being composed of clusters and trabecular sheets of round blue cells, granular chromatin, and an attenuated rim of poorly demarcated cytoplasm. Neuroendocrine tumors include carcinoids, small (oat) cell carcinomas, medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, Merkel cell tumor, cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma, pancreatic islet cell tumors, and pheochromocytoma. Neurosecretory granules are found within the tumor cells. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992) | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Chronic Kidney Failure [description not available] | 0 | 4.63 | 3 | 2 |
| Extravasation of Contrast Media [description not available] | 0 | 5.26 | 4 | 1 |
| Kidney Failure, Chronic The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION. | 0 | 4.63 | 3 | 2 |
| Cancer of ILEUM [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Fibrosarcoma A sarcoma derived from deep fibrous tissue, characterized by bundles of immature proliferating fibroblasts with variable collagen formation, which tends to invade locally and metastasize by the bloodstream. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Breast Diseases Pathological processes of the BREAST. | 0 | 3.5 | 1 | 1 |
| Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung [description not available] | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
| Cancer of Lung [description not available] | 0 | 3.13 | 5 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy. | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
| Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG. | 0 | 3.13 | 5 | 0 |
| Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic Obstructive [description not available] | 0 | 2.79 | 3 | 0 |
| Constriction, Pathological [description not available] | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Complication, Postoperative [description not available] | 0 | 4.12 | 3 | 1 |
| Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease, characterized by left and/or right ventricular hypertrophy (HYPERTROPHY, LEFT VENTRICULAR; HYPERTROPHY, RIGHT VENTRICULAR), frequent asymmetrical involvement of the HEART SEPTUM, and normal or reduced left ventricular volume. Risk factors include HYPERTENSION; AORTIC STENOSIS; and gene MUTATION; (FAMILIAL HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY). | 0 | 2.79 | 3 | 0 |
| Constriction, Pathologic The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions. | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Postoperative Complications Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery. | 0 | 4.12 | 3 | 1 |
| Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available] | 0 | 3.12 | 5 | 0 |
| Cancer of Rectum [description not available] | 0 | 2.49 | 2 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. | 0 | 3.12 | 5 | 0 |
| Rectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM. | 0 | 2.49 | 2 | 0 |
| Cancer of Colon [description not available] | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
| Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON. | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
| Left Ventricular Dysfunction [description not available] | 0 | 4.36 | 4 | 1 |
| Ventricular Dysfunction, Left A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall. | 0 | 4.36 | 4 | 1 |
| Alloxan Diabetes [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Becker Muscular Dystrophy [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| ANS (Autonomic Nervous System) Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne An X-linked recessive muscle disease caused by an inability to synthesize DYSTROPHIN, which is involved with maintaining the integrity of the sarcolemma. Muscle fibers undergo a process that features degeneration and regeneration. Clinical manifestations include proximal weakness in the first few years of life, pseudohypertrophy, cardiomyopathy (see MYOCARDIAL DISEASES), and an increased incidence of impaired mentation. Becker muscular dystrophy is a closely related condition featuring a later onset of disease (usually adolescence) and a slowly progressive course. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1415) | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Chronic Illness [description not available] | 0 | 6.61 | 6 | 2 |
| Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2). | 0 | 6.61 | 6 | 2 |
| Brain Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 3.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Brain Diseases Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM. | 0 | 3.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Cardiomyopathy, Chagas [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiac Edema [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Chagas Cardiomyopathy A disease of the CARDIAC MUSCLE developed subsequent to the initial protozoan infection by TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI. After infection, less than 10% develop acute illness such as MYOCARDITIS (mostly in children). The disease then enters a latent phase without clinical symptoms until about 20 years later. Myocardial symptoms of advanced CHAGAS DISEASE include conduction defects (HEART BLOCK) and CARDIOMEGALY. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Edema, Cardiac Abnormal fluid retention by the body due to impaired cardiac function or heart failure. It is usually characterized by increase in venous and capillary pressure, and swollen legs when standing. It is different from the generalized edema caused by renal dysfunction (NEPHROTIC SYNDROME). | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Glial Cell Tumors [description not available] | 0 | 5.48 | 15 | 1 |
| Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21) | 0 | 5.48 | 15 | 1 |
| Injuries Used with anatomic headings, animals, and sports for wounds and injuries. Excludes cell damage, for which pathology is used. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Wounds and Injuries Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Minimal Disease, Residual [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymph Node Metastasis [description not available] | 0 | 2.93 | 4 | 0 |
| Congenital Familial Lymphedema [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Lymphedema Edema due to obstruction of lymph vessels or disorders of the lymph nodes. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Active Hyperemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperemia The presence of an increased amount of blood in a body part or an organ leading to congestion or engorgement of blood vessels. Hyperemia can be due to increase of blood flow into the area (active or arterial), or due to obstruction of outflow of blood from the area (passive or venous). | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Plica Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.73 | 3 | 0 |
| Synovitis Inflammation of the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE. | 0 | 2.73 | 3 | 0 |
| Colitis, Granulomatous [description not available] | 0 | 2.73 | 3 | 0 |
| Crohn Disease A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the COLON. In Crohn disease, the inflammation, extending through the intestinal wall from the MUCOSA to the serosa, is characteristically asymmetric and segmental. Epithelioid GRANULOMAS may be seen in some patients. | 0 | 2.73 | 3 | 0 |
| Cancer of Kidney [description not available] | 0 | 4.54 | 3 | 0 |
| Kidney Neoplasms Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY. | 0 | 4.54 | 3 | 0 |
| Puerperal Disorders Disorders or diseases associated with PUERPERIUM, the six-to-eight-week period immediately after PARTURITION in humans. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiovascular Pregnancy Complications [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Heart Disease, Ischemic [description not available] | 0 | 5.36 | 7 | 0 |
| Myocardial Ischemia A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION). | 0 | 5.36 | 7 | 0 |
| Coronary Artery Stenosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Coronary Stenosis Narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery. | 0 | 2.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Hepatitis INFLAMMATION of the LIVER. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Anaphylactic Reaction [description not available] | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Allergic Reaction [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Anaphylaxis An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death. | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Hypersensitivity Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiac Remodeling, Ventricular [description not available] | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Vascular Diseases Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD VESSELS in the cardiac or peripheral circulation. They include diseases of ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Kaposi Sarcoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Sarcoma, Kaposi A multicentric, malignant neoplastic vascular proliferation characterized by the development of bluish-red cutaneous nodules, usually on the lower extremities, most often on the toes or feet, and slowly increasing in size and number and spreading to more proximal areas. The tumors have endothelium-lined channels and vascular spaces admixed with variably sized aggregates of spindle-shaped cells, and often remain confined to the skin and subcutaneous tissue, but widespread visceral involvement may occur. Kaposi's sarcoma occurs spontaneously in Jewish and Italian males in Europe and the United States. An aggressive variant in young children is endemic in some areas of Africa. A third form occurs in about 0.04% of kidney transplant patients. There is also a high incidence in AIDS patients. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, pp2105-7) HHV-8 is the suspected cause. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Solitary Fibrous Tumors Rare neoplasms of mesenchymal origin, usually benign, and most commonly involving the PLEURA (see SOLITARY FIBROUS TUMOR, PLEURAL). They also are found in extrapleural sites. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Peripheral Arterial Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 4.41 | 2 | 2 |
| Arteriosclerosis, Coronary [description not available] | 0 | 3.85 | 2 | 1 |
| Coronary Artery Disease Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause. | 0 | 3.85 | 2 | 1 |
| Peripheral Arterial Disease Lack of perfusion in the EXTREMITIES resulting from atherosclerosis. It is characterized by INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, and an ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX of 0.9 or less. | 0 | 4.41 | 2 | 2 |
| Carcinoma, Oat Cell [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Hemorrhage [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Bronchial [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Bronchogenic Malignant neoplasm arising from the epithelium of the BRONCHI. It represents a large group of epithelial lung malignancies which can be divided into two clinical groups: SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER and NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CARCINOMA. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Small Cell An anaplastic, highly malignant, and usually bronchogenic carcinoma composed of small ovoid cells with scanty neoplasm. It is characterized by a dominant, deeply basophilic nucleus, and absent or indistinct nucleoli. (From Stedman, 25th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1286-7) | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Intracranial Hemorrhages Bleeding within the SKULL, including hemorrhages in the brain and the three membranes of MENINGES. The escape of blood often leads to the formation of HEMATOMA in the cranial epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid spaces. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Indigestion [description not available] | 0 | 2.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Dyspepsia Impaired digestion, especially after eating. | 0 | 2.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of the ABDOMINAL AORTA which gives rise to the visceral, the parietal, and the terminal (iliac) branches below the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Myelogenous Leukemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Ileal Diseases Pathological development in the ILEUM including the ILEOCECAL VALVE. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Intestinal Obstruction Any impairment, arrest, or reversal of the normal flow of INTESTINAL CONTENTS toward the ANAL CANAL. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. | 0 | 3.8 | 2 | 1 |
| Osteomyelitis INFLAMMATION of the bone as a result of infection. It may be caused by a variety of infectious agents, especially pyogenic (PUS - producing) BACTERIA. | 0 | 4.09 | 3 | 1 |
| Spondylitis Inflammation of the SPINE. This includes both arthritic and non-arthritic conditions. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Ischemia A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION. | 0 | 4.33 | 4 | 1 |
| Fibroid [description not available] | 0 | 4.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Cancer of the Uterus [description not available] | 0 | 4.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Leiomyoma A benign tumor derived from smooth muscle tissue, also known as a fibroid tumor. They rarely occur outside of the UTERUS and the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT but can occur in the SKIN and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE, probably arising from the smooth muscle of small blood vessels in these tissues. | 0 | 4.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Uterine Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS. | 0 | 4.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Absence Seizure [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Seizures Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Auricular Fibrillation [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Prosthesis Durability [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Atrial Fibrillation Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Ear Diseases Pathological processes of the ear, the hearing, and the equilibrium system of the body. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Injuries, Whiplash [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Aseptic Necrosis of Femur Head [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Convulsive Generalized Seizure Disorder [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Metastase [description not available] | 0 | 2.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site. | 0 | 2.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Urinary Bladder Fistula An abnormal passage in the URINARY BLADDER or between the bladder and any surrounding organ. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Lung Adenocarcinoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma of Lung A carcinoma originating in the lung and the most common lung cancer type in never-smokers. Malignant cells exhibit distinct features such as glandular epithelial, or tubular morphology. Mutations in KRAS, EGFR, BRAF, and ERBB2 genes are associated with this cancer. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Squamous Cell of Head and Neck [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available] | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Cancer of Head [description not available] | 0 | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck The most common type of head and neck carcinoma that originates from cells on the surface of the NASAL CAVITY; MOUTH; PARANASAL SINUSES, SALIVARY GLANDS, and LARYNX. Mutations in TNFRSF10B, PTEN, and ING1 genes are associated with this cancer. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Head and Neck Neoplasms Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651) | 0 | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Amyloidosis A group of sporadic, familial and/or inherited, degenerative, and infectious disease processes, linked by the common theme of abnormal protein folding and deposition of AMYLOID. As the amyloid deposits enlarge they displace normal tissue structures, causing disruption of function. Various signs and symptoms depend on the location and size of the deposits. | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
| Arterial Obstructive Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Arterial Occlusive Diseases Pathological processes which result in the partial or complete obstruction of ARTERIES. They are characterized by greatly reduced or absence of blood flow through these vessels. They are also known as arterial insufficiency. | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Coxarthrosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.47 | 1 | 1 |
| Osteoarthritis, Hip Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the hip joint which usually appears in late middle or old age. It is characterized by growth or maturational disturbances in the femoral neck and head, as well as acetabular dysplasia. A dominant symptom is pain on weight-bearing or motion. | 0 | 3.47 | 1 | 1 |
| Acute Kidney Failure [description not available] | 0 | 4.72 | 2 | 1 |
| Adverse Drug Event [description not available] | 0 | 5.32 | 2 | 2 |
| Acute Kidney Injury Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions. | 0 | 4.72 | 2 | 1 |
| Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals. | 0 | 5.32 | 2 | 2 |
| Atrioventricular Nodal Re-Entrant Tachycardia [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Tachycardia, Ventricular An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the ventricle below the BUNDLE OF HIS, either as autonomic impulse formation or reentrant impulse conduction. Depending on the etiology, onset of ventricular tachycardia can be paroxysmal (sudden) or nonparoxysmal, its wide QRS complexes can be uniform or polymorphic, and the ventricular beating may be independent of the atrial beating (AV dissociation). | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Aortic Stenosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Aortic Valve Stenosis A pathological constriction that can occur above (supravalvular stenosis), below (subvalvular stenosis), or at the AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by restricted outflow from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the AORTA. | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Low Bone Density [description not available] | 0 | 3.46 | 1 | 1 |
| Age-Related Osteoporosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.81 | 2 | 1 |
| Bone Diseases, Metabolic Diseases that affect the METABOLIC PROCESSES of BONE TISSUE. | 0 | 3.46 | 1 | 1 |
| Osteoporosis Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis. | 0 | 3.81 | 2 | 1 |
| Adenocarcinoma Of Kidney [description not available] | 0 | 2.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Renal Cell A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells (sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma. | 0 | 2.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Diseases, Peripheral Vascular [description not available] | 0 | 4.37 | 2 | 2 |
| Peripheral Vascular Diseases Pathological processes involving any one of the BLOOD VESSELS in the vasculature outside the HEART. | 0 | 4.37 | 2 | 2 |
| Embolism, Pulmonary [description not available] | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Embolism Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS. | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Ileitis Inflammation of any segment of the ILEUM and the ILEOCECAL VALVE. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Cirrhoses, Experimental Liver [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Esophageal Varices [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Hematochezia The passage of bright red blood from the rectum. The blood may or may not be mixed with formed stool in the form of blood, blood clots, bloody stool or diarrhea. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Cruveilhier-Baumgarten Syndrome Liver cirrhosis with intrahepatic portal obstruction, HYPERTENSION, and patent UMBILICAL VEINS. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Esophageal and Gastric Varices Dilated blood vessels in the ESOPHAGUS or GASTRIC FUNDUS that shunt blood from the portal circulation (PORTAL SYSTEM) to the systemic venous circulation. Often they are observed in individuals with portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL). | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypertension, Portal Abnormal increase of resistance to blood flow within the hepatic PORTAL SYSTEM, frequently seen in LIVER CIRRHOSIS and conditions with obstruction of the PORTAL VEIN. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Recrudescence [description not available] | 0 | 3.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Allergic Encephalomyelitis [description not available] | 0 | 4.3 | 4 | 0 |
| Adenitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Cirrhosis, Liver [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Cirrhosis Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Arteriosclerosis Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Colonic Polyps Discrete tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the COLON. These POLYPS are connected to the wall of the colon either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base. | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Adjuvant Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Cerebral Ischemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Brain Ischemia Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION. | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Adenosquamous A mixed adenocarcinoma and squamous cell or epidermoid carcinoma. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma, Endometrioid [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Endometrium [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Invasiveness, Neoplasm [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Endometrial Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classification and grading are based on the various cell types and the percent of undifferentiated cells. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Endometrioid An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of cells resembling the glandular cells of the ENDOMETRIUM. It is a common histological type of ovarian CARCINOMA and ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMA. There is a high frequency of co-occurrence of this form of adenocarcinoma in both tissues. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Experimental Mammary Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 2.69 | 3 | 0 |
| Apoplexy [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Stroke A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810) | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscle Relaxation That phase of a muscle twitch during which a muscle returns to a resting position. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Adhesive Capsulitis [description not available] | 0 | 3.41 | 1 | 1 |
| Bursitis Inflammation or irritation of a SYNOVIAL BURSA, the fibrous sac that acts as a cushion between moving structures of bones, muscles, tendons or skin. | 0 | 3.41 | 1 | 1 |
| Acute Brain Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 3.41 | 1 | 1 |
| Cancer of Nasopharynx [description not available] | 0 | 3.41 | 1 | 1 |
| Injuries, Radiation [description not available] | 0 | 3.79 | 2 | 1 |
| Brain Injuries Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits. | 0 | 3.41 | 1 | 1 |
| Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX. | 0 | 3.41 | 1 | 1 |
| Animal Mammary Carcinoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Graft Occlusion, Vascular Obstruction of flow in biological or prosthetic vascular grafts. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Colonic Diseases Pathological processes in the COLON region of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE). | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Basilar Steal Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Cerebral Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Anterior Circulation Transient Ischemic Attack [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Ischemic Attack, Transient Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6) | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Encephalitis, Viral Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur as primary or secondary manifestation of TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PARAMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; and ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Acquired-Immune Deficiency Syndrome Dementia Complex [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Central Nervous System Toxoplasmosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Encephalitis, JC Polyomavirus [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| AIDS-Associated Lymphoma [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections Opportunistic infections found in patients who test positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most common include PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA, Kaposi's sarcoma, cryptosporidiosis, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and infections with Mycobacterium avium complex, Microsporidium, and Cytomegalovirus. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Atrophy Decrease in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or multiple organs, associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as abnormal cellular changes, ischemia, malnutrition, or hormonal changes. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Cytomegalovirus Infections Infection with CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, characterized by enlarged cells bearing intranuclear inclusions. Infection may be in almost any organ, but the salivary glands are the most common site in children, as are the lungs in adults. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal An opportunistic viral infection of the central nervous system associated with conditions that impair cell-mediated immunity (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES; HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; and COLLAGEN DISEASES). The causative organism is JC Polyomavirus (JC VIRUS) which primarily affects oligodendrocytes, resulting in multiple areas of demyelination. Clinical manifestations include DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; visual disturbances; and other focal neurologic deficits, generally progressing to a vegetative state within 6 months. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp36-7) | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| AIDS Dementia Complex A neurologic condition associated with the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and characterized by impaired concentration and memory, slowness of hand movements, ATAXIA, incontinence, apathy, and gait difficulties associated with HIV-1 viral infection of the central nervous system. Pathologic examination of the brain reveals white matter rarefaction, perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes, foamy macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp760-1; N Engl J Med, 1995 Apr 6;332(14):934-40) | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymphoma, AIDS-Related B-cell lymphoid tumors that occur in association with AIDS. Patients often present with an advanced stage of disease and highly malignant subtypes including BURKITT LYMPHOMA; IMMUNOBLASTIC LARGE-CELL LYMPHOMA; PRIMARY EFFUSION LYMPHOMA; and DIFFUSE, LARGE B-CELL, LYMPHOMA. The tumors are often disseminated in unusual extranodal sites and chromosomal abnormalities are frequently present. It is likely that polyclonal B-cell lymphoproliferation in AIDS is a complex result of EBV infection, HIV antigenic stimulation, and T-cell-dependent HIV activation. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral Infections of the BRAIN caused by the protozoan TOXOPLASMA gondii that primarily arise in individuals with IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES (see also AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS). The infection may involve the brain diffusely or form discrete abscesses. Clinical manifestations include SEIZURES, altered mentation, headache, focal neurologic deficits, and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp41-3) | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Angioma, Cavernous A tumor-like mass with large vascular space that is filled with blood or lymph. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Abdominal Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue in the ABDOMEN. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast An invasive (infiltrating) CARCINOMA of the mammary ductal system (MAMMARY GLANDS) in the human BREAST. | 0 | 2.9 | 4 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Lobular A type of BREAST CANCER where the abnormal malignant cells form in the lobules, or milk-producing glands, of the breast. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Endothelioma, Lymphatic [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymphangioma A benign tumor resulting from a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system. Lymphangioendothelioma is a type of lymphangioma in which endothelial cells are the dominant component. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Thoracic Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue in the THORAX. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Intraepithelial [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma in Situ A lesion with cytological characteristics associated with invasive carcinoma but the tumor cells are confined to the epithelium of origin, without invasion of the basement membrane. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction [description not available] | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Cerebral Infarction The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction). | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Lymphoma, T Cell, Peripheral [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Endocarditis, Loeffler [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral A group of malignant lymphomas thought to derive from peripheral T-lymphocytes in lymph nodes and other nonlymphoid sites. They include a broad spectrum of lymphocyte morphology, but in all instances express T-cell markers admixed with epithelioid histiocytes, plasma cells, and eosinophils. Although markedly similar to large-cell immunoblastic lymphoma (LYMPHOMA, LARGE-CELL, IMMUNOBLASTIC), this group's unique features warrant separate treatment. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypereosinophilic Syndrome A heterogeneous group of disorders with the common feature of prolonged eosinophilia of unknown cause and associated organ system dysfunction, including the heart, central nervous system, kidneys, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. There is a massive increase in the number of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, mimicking leukemia, and extensive eosinophilic infiltration of the various organs. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Argentaffinoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Diarrheogenic Islet Cell Tumor [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenoma, beta-Cell [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Gastrin-Producing Tumor [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoid Tumor A usually small, slow-growing neoplasm composed of islands of rounded, oxyphilic, or spindle-shaped cells of medium size, with moderately small vesicular nuclei, and covered by intact mucosa with a yellow cut surface. The tumor can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract (and in the lungs and other sites); approximately 90% arise in the appendix. It is now established that these tumors are of neuroendocrine origin and derive from a primitive stem cell. (From Stedman, 25th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1182) | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Insulinoma A benign tumor of the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS. Insulinoma secretes excess INSULIN resulting in HYPOGLYCEMIA. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Gastrinoma A GASTRIN-secreting neuroendocrine tumor of the non-beta ISLET CELLS, the GASTRIN-SECRETING CELLS. This type of tumor is primarily located in the PANCREAS or the DUODENUM. Majority of gastrinomas are malignant. They metastasize to the LIVER; LYMPH NODES; and BONE but rarely elsewhere. The presence of gastrinoma is one of three requirements to be met for identification of ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME, which sometimes occurs in families with MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1; (MEN 1). | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenoma, Basal Cell [description not available] | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Bleeding [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Cancer of Pituitary [description not available] | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Adenoma, Prolactin-Secreting, Pituitary [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Adenoma A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Hemorrhage Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel. | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Pituitary Neoplasms Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA, BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE). Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM. Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA. | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| HbS Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Ache [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Anemia, Sickle Cell A disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia, episodic painful crises, and pathologic involvement of many organs. It is the clinical expression of homozygosity for hemoglobin S. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Pain An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Neoplasms, Bronchial [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Bronchial Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the BRONCHI. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Central Nervous System Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Central Nervous System Diseases Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spinal cord. | 0 | 3.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Renal Artery Stenosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Renal Artery Obstruction Narrowing or occlusion of the RENAL ARTERY or arteries. It is due usually to ATHEROSCLEROSIS; FIBROMUSCULAR DYSPLASIA; THROMBOSIS; EMBOLISM, or external pressure. The reduced renal perfusion can lead to renovascular hypertension (HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR). | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Cancer of Pelvis [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Diffuse Mixed Small and Large Cell Lymphoma [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Intradural-Extramedullary Spinal Cord Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 4.98 | 3 | 1 |
| Spinal Cord Neoplasms Benign and malignant neoplasms which occur within the substance of the spinal cord (intramedullary neoplasms) or in the space between the dura and spinal cord (intradural extramedullary neoplasms). The majority of intramedullary spinal tumors are primary CNS neoplasms including ASTROCYTOMA; EPENDYMOMA; and LIPOMA. Intramedullary neoplasms are often associated with SYRINGOMYELIA. The most frequent histologic types of intradural-extramedullary tumors are MENINGIOMA and NEUROFIBROMA. | 0 | 4.98 | 3 | 1 |
| Epidural Neoplasm, Malignant [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Neoplasms, Skull [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Chordoma A malignant tumor arising from the embryonic remains of the notochord. It is also called chordocarcinoma, chordoepithelioma, and notochordoma. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Aneurysm, Thoracic Aortic [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Aortic Dissection [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of the THORACIC AORTA. This proximal descending portion of aorta gives rise to the visceral and the parietal branches above the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Benign Meningeal Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Angioblastic Meningioma [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Multiple Primary Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Meningeal Neoplasms Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord. | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Meningioma A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur. Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove, and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7) | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Cadaver A dead body, usually a human body. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Hamartoma A focal malformation resembling a neoplasm, composed of an overgrowth of mature cells and tissues that normally occur in the affected area. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Albright Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Jaw Diseases Diseases involving the JAW. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Fibrous Dysplasia, Monostotic FIBROUS DYSPLASIA OF BONE involving only one bone. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Orbital Diseases Diseases of the bony orbit and contents except the eyeball. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Fibrocartilaginous Dysplasia of Bone [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone A disease of bone marked by thinning of the cortex by fibrous tissue containing bony spicules, producing pain, disability, and gradually increasing deformity. Only one bone may be involved (FIBROUS DYSPLASIA, MONOSTOTIC) or several (FIBROUS DYSPLASIA, POLYOSTOTIC). | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic FIBROUS DYSPLASIA OF BONE affecting several bones. When melanotic pigmentation (CAFE-AU-LAIT SPOTS) and multiple endocrine hyperfunction are additionally associated it is referred to as Albright syndrome. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Kahler Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Multiple Myeloma A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Spinal Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue in the SPINE. | 0 | 2.9 | 4 | 0 |
| Acoustic Neuroma [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Bucket Handle Tears [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Dysfunction [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Liver Diseases Pathological processes of the LIVER. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating A noninvasive (noninfiltrating) carcinoma of the breast characterized by a proliferation of malignant epithelial cells confined to the mammary ducts or lobules, without light-microscopy evidence of invasion through the basement membrane into the surrounding stroma. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Fracture, Pathologic [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Hangman Fracture [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Spinal Fractures Broken bones in the vertebral column. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Adrenal Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Adrenal Gland Diseases Pathological processes of the ADRENAL GLANDS. | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Mucocele A retention cyst of the salivary gland, lacrimal sac, paranasal sinuses, appendix, or gallbladder. (Stedman, 26th ed) | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Degenerative [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Osteoarthritis A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Coin Lesion, Pulmonary [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Foot Diseases Anatomical and functional disorders affecting the foot. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Nail Diseases Diseases of the nail plate and tissues surrounding it. The concept is limited to primates. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Glomangioma [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Tenosynovitis Inflammation of the synovial lining of a tendon sheath. Causes include trauma, tendon stress, bacterial disease (gonorrhea, tuberculosis), rheumatic disease, and gout. Common sites are the hand, wrist, shoulder capsule, hip capsule, hamstring muscles, and Achilles tendon. The tendon sheaths become inflamed and painful, and accumulate fluid. Joint mobility is usually reduced. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Bladder Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Fibroadenoma An adenoma containing fibrous tissue. It should be differentiated from ADENOFIBROMA which is a tumor composed of connective tissue (fibroma) containing glandular (adeno-) structures. (From Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Larynx [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Laryngeal Neoplasms Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts: the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES; and VOCAL CORDS. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Polyps Discrete abnormal tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the DIGESTIVE TRACT or the RESPIRATORY TRACT. Polyps can be spheroidal, hemispheroidal, or irregular mound-shaped structures attached to the MUCOUS MEMBRANE of the lumen wall either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Stomach [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Stomach Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Canine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Arthropathies [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Joint Diseases Diseases involving the JOINTS. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Impotence, Arteriogenic [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Colitis Gravis [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Colitis, Ulcerative Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Osteogenic Sarcoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Osteosarcoma A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| EHS Tumor [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Testis [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Abscess Accumulation of purulent material in tissues, organs, or circumscribed spaces, usually associated with signs of infection. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Testicular Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors (GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular neoplasms. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Injuries, Leg [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Melanoma, Amelanotic An unpigmented malignant melanoma. It is an anaplastic melanoma consisting of cells derived from melanoblasts but not forming melanin. (Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| B16 Melanoma [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Skin [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Skin Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SKIN. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperlipemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperlipidemias Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenoma, Prostatic [description not available] | 0 | 3.36 | 1 | 1 |
| Acute Bacterial Prostatitis [description not available] | 0 | 3.36 | 1 | 1 |
| Prostatic Diseases Pathological processes involving the PROSTATE or its component tissues. | 0 | 3.36 | 1 | 1 |
| Prostatic Hyperplasia Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE, leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse impact on the lower urinary tract function. This can be caused by increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death, or both. | 0 | 3.36 | 1 | 1 |
| Prostatitis Infiltration of inflammatory cells into the parenchyma of PROSTATE. The subtypes are classified by their varied laboratory analysis, clinical presentation and response to treatment. | 0 | 3.36 | 1 | 1 |
| Acoustic Neurinoma, Bilateral [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Neurofibromatosis 2 An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a high incidence of bilateral acoustic neuromas as well as schwannomas (NEURILEMMOMA) of other cranial and peripheral nerves, and other benign intracranial tumors including meningiomas, ependymomas, spinal neurofibromas, and gliomas. The disease has been linked to mutations of the NF2 gene (GENES, NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2) on chromosome 22 (22q12) and usually presents clinically in the first or second decade of life. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Anasarca [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Varices [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Edema Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Varicose Veins Enlarged and tortuous VEINS. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Venous Insufficiency Impaired venous blood flow or venous return (venous stasis), usually caused by inadequate venous valves. Venous insufficiency often occurs in the legs, and is associated with EDEMA and sometimes with VENOUS STASIS ULCERS at the ankle. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Juvenile Chronic [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Juvenile Arthritis in children, with onset before 16 years of age. The terms juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) refer to classification systems for chronic arthritis in children. Only one subtype of juvenile arthritis (polyarticular-onset, rheumatoid factor-positive) clinically resembles adult rheumatoid arthritis and is considered its childhood equivalent. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Glomerular Necrosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Besnier-Boeck Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Myelopathy [description not available] | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Sarcoidosis An idiopathic systemic inflammatory granulomatous disorder comprised of epithelioid and multinucleated giant cells with little necrosis. It usually invades the lungs with fibrosis and may also involve lymph nodes, skin, liver, spleen, eyes, phalangeal bones, and parotid glands. | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Spinal Cord Diseases Pathologic conditions which feature SPINAL CORD damage or dysfunction, including disorders involving the meninges and perimeningeal spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Traumatic injuries, vascular diseases, infections, and inflammatory/autoimmune processes may affect the spinal cord. | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperplasia An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Addison Disease and Cerebral Sclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Adrenoleukodystrophy An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA; NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy. The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS). | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Meningitis, Tuberculous [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Tuberculosis, Meningeal A form of bacterial meningitis caused by MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or rarely MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. The organism seeds the meninges and forms microtuberculomas which subsequently rupture. The clinical course tends to be subacute, with progressions occurring over a period of several days or longer. Headache and meningeal irritation may be followed by SEIZURES, cranial neuropathies, focal neurologic deficits, somnolence, and eventually COMA. The illness may occur in immunocompetent individuals or as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION in the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other immunodeficiency syndromes. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp717-9) | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscle Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Bone Diseases Diseases of BONES. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscular Diseases Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE. | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Cholangioma [description not available] | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenoma, Bile Duct A benign tumor of the intrahepatic bile ducts. | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Hydronephrosis Abnormal enlargement or swelling of a KIDNEY due to dilation of the KIDNEY CALICES and the KIDNEY PELVIS. It is often associated with obstruction of the URETER or chronic kidney diseases that prevents normal drainage of urine into the URINARY BLADDER. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Soft Tissue Neoplasms Neoplasms of whatever cell type or origin, occurring in the extraskeletal connective tissue framework of the body including the organs of locomotion and their various component structures, such as nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics, etc. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |