Proteins > Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta
Page last updated: 2024-08-07 17:00:08

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta

A peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q03181]

Synonyms

PPAR-delta;
NUCI;
Nuclear hormone receptor 1;
NUC1;
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group C member 2;
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta;
PPAR-beta

Research

Bioassay Publications (106)

TimeframeStudies on this Protein(%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's2 (1.89)18.2507
2000's40 (37.74)29.6817
2010's47 (44.34)24.3611
2020's17 (16.04)2.80

Compounds (45)

Drugs with Inhibition Measurements

DrugTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Publication(s)
telmisartanHomo sapiens (human)IC5010.000011
rosiglitazoneHomo sapiens (human)IC5032.001055
rosiglitazoneHomo sapiens (human)Ki33.300011
farglitazarHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.200011
t 0070907Homo sapiens (human)IC5010.000011
gsk 3787Homo sapiens (human)IC500.960699
2-chloro-n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)adenosine-5'-n-methyluronamideHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.000411
pregna-4,17-diene-3,16-dioneHomo sapiens (human)IC50100.000011
l-165041Homo sapiens (human)IC500.012611
gw 501516Homo sapiens (human)IC500.807478
gw 501516Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.017655
tzd 18Homo sapiens (human)IC5030.000022
gw 7845Homo sapiens (human)Ki1.200011
naveglitazarHomo sapiens (human)IC501.915122
l 796449Homo sapiens (human)IC500.006022
gw0742Homo sapiens (human)IC500.001011
3-chloro-4-(3-(7-propyl-3-trifluoromethyl-6-benzisoxazolyl)propylthio)phenylacetic acidHomo sapiens (human)IC500.005534
gw9508Homo sapiens (human)Ki3.162311
lj 529Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.000211
gsk0660Homo sapiens (human)IC500.209933
gsk0660Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.004611
ly 518674Homo sapiens (human)IC503.800922

Drugs with Activation Measurements

DrugTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Publication(s)
gw 2433Homo sapiens (human)EC500.190011
clofibric acidHomo sapiens (human)EC5055.000011
pirinixic acidHomo sapiens (human)EC5045.486733
methyleugenolHomo sapiens (human)EC5050.600011
bezafibrateHomo sapiens (human)EC5045.06801010
fenofibric acidHomo sapiens (human)EC5060.000044
telmisartanHomo sapiens (human)EC5010.000011
rosiglitazoneHomo sapiens (human)EC506.11101010
2-bromopalmitateHomo sapiens (human)EC503.720011
mk 767Homo sapiens (human)EC509.550022
syringaresinolHomo sapiens (human)EC5018.110011
syringaresinolHomo sapiens (human)Kd27.620011
epipinoresinolHomo sapiens (human)EC5049.500011
2-chloro-n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)adenosine-5'-n-methyluronamideHomo sapiens (human)EC5014.995522
gw 7647Homo sapiens (human)EC506.200011
psi-baptigeninHomo sapiens (human)EC5022.340011
n-oleoylethanolamineHomo sapiens (human)EC501.100011
pregna-4,17-diene-3,16-dioneHomo sapiens (human)EC50100.000011
l-165041Homo sapiens (human)EC500.18331313
l-165041Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.076411
gw 501516Homo sapiens (human)EC500.34213843
tzd 18Homo sapiens (human)EC503.000022
gft505Homo sapiens (human)EC500.389455
gw 9578Homo sapiens (human)EC501.225066
l 796449Homo sapiens (human)EC500.007333
gw0742Homo sapiens (human)EC500.03011616
gw0742Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.000411
3-chloro-4-(3-(7-propyl-3-trifluoromethyl-6-benzisoxazolyl)propylthio)phenylacetic acidHomo sapiens (human)EC500.006522
ns-220Homo sapiens (human)EC50100.000011
gw 590735Homo sapiens (human)EC503.311868
aleglitazarHomo sapiens (human)EC500.053011
mbx-8025Homo sapiens (human)EC500.002022
lj 529Homo sapiens (human)EC509.147033
bms 687453Homo sapiens (human)EC5010.246225
amorfrutin aHomo sapiens (human)Kd27.000011
amorfrutin bHomo sapiens (human)Kd1.800011
gsk0660Homo sapiens (human)EC504.285044

Drugs with Other Measurements

DrugTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Publication(s)
myristic acidHomo sapiens (human)Emax51.000011
anacardic acidHomo sapiens (human)Emax68.000011
farglitazarHomo sapiens (human)Log Ki6.070011
oleic acidHomo sapiens (human)Emax47.000011
gw 1929Homo sapiens (human)Log Ki6.150011

Enables

This protein enables 14 target(s):

TargetCategoryDefinition
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificmolecular functionA DNA-binding transcription factor activity that modulates the transcription of specific gene sets transcribed by RNA polymerase II. [GOC:txnOH-2018]
transcription coactivator bindingmolecular functionBinding to a transcription coactivator, a protein involved in positive regulation of transcription via protein-protein interactions with transcription factors and other proteins that positively regulate transcription. Transcription coactivators do not bind DNA directly, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery. [GOC:krc]
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificmolecular functionA DNA-binding transcription factor activity that represses or decreases the transcription of specific gene sets transcribed by RNA polymerase II. [GOC:txnOH-2018]
DNA bindingmolecular functionAny molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb, GOC:vw]
DNA-binding transcription factor activitymolecular functionA transcription regulator activity that modulates transcription of gene sets via selective and non-covalent binding to a specific double-stranded genomic DNA sequence (sometimes referred to as a motif) within a cis-regulatory region. Regulatory regions include promoters (proximal and distal) and enhancers. Genes are transcriptional units, and include bacterial operons. [GOC:txnOH-2018]
nuclear steroid receptor activitymolecular functionCombining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function. [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019]
nuclear receptor activitymolecular functionA DNA-binding transcription factor activity regulated by binding to a ligand that modulates the transcription of specific gene sets transcribed by RNA polymerase II. Nuclear receptor ligands are usually lipid-based (such as a steroid hormone) and the binding of the ligand to its receptor often occurs in the cytosol, which leads to its translocation to the nucleus. [GOC:txnOH-2018, PMID:23457262]
protein bindingmolecular functionBinding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators]
zinc ion bindingmolecular functionBinding to a zinc ion (Zn). [GOC:ai]
lipid bindingmolecular functionBinding to a lipid. [GOC:ai]
linoleic acid bindingmolecular functionBinding to linoleic acid, the 18-carbon unsaturated fatty acid (9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid. [GOC:lp, GOC:mah]
DNA-binding transcription factor bindingmolecular functionBinding to a DNA-binding transcription factor, a protein that interacts with a specific DNA sequence (sometimes referred to as a motif) within the regulatory region of a gene to modulate transcription. [GOC:txnOH-2018]
sequence-specific double-stranded DNA bindingmolecular functionBinding to double-stranded DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA, e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding. [GOC:dos, GOC:sl]
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingmolecular functionBinding to a specific upstream regulatory DNA sequence (transcription factor recognition sequence or binding site) located in cis relative to the transcription start site (i.e., on the same strand of DNA) of a gene transcribed by RNA polymerase II. [GOC:txnOH-2018]

Located In

This protein is located in 2 target(s):

TargetCategoryDefinition
nucleuscellular componentA membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators]
nucleoplasmcellular componentThat part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus. [GOC:ma, ISBN:0124325653]

Active In

This protein is active in 1 target(s):

TargetCategoryDefinition
nucleuscellular componentA membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators]

Part Of

This protein is part of 1 target(s):

TargetCategoryDefinition
chromatincellular componentThe ordered and organized complex of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that forms the chromosome. [GOC:elh, PMID:20404130]

Involved In

This protein is involved in 47 target(s):

TargetCategoryDefinition
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIbiological processAny process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH]
glucose metabolic processbiological processThe chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose. D-glucose is dextrorotatory and is sometimes known as dextrose; it is an important source of energy for living organisms and is found free as well as combined in homo- and hetero-oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. [ISBN:0198506732]
generation of precursor metabolites and energybiological processThe chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and any process involved in the liberation of energy from these substances. [GOC:jl]
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIbiological processAny process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH]
lipid metabolic processbiological processThe chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids. [GOC:ma]
fatty acid beta-oxidationbiological processA fatty acid oxidation process that results in the complete oxidation of a long-chain fatty acid. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and occurs by successive cycles of reactions during each of which the fatty acid is shortened by a two-carbon fragment removed as acetyl coenzyme A; the cycle continues until only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively). [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732, MetaCyc:FAO-PWY]
apoptotic processbiological processA programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. [GOC:cjm, GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:18846107, PMID:21494263]
embryo implantationbiological processAttachment of the blastocyst to the uterine lining. [GOC:isa_complete, http://www.medterms.com]
cholesterol metabolic processbiological processThe chemical reactions and pathways involving cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones. It is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues. [ISBN:0198506732]
cell population proliferationbiological processThe multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. [GOC:mah, GOC:mb]
axon ensheathmentbiological processAny process in which the axon of a neuron is insulated, and that insulation maintained, thereby preventing dispersion of the electrical signal. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0878932437]
fatty acid catabolic processbiological processThe chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes. [GOC:go_curators]
positive regulation of gene expressionbiological processAny process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). [GOC:txnOH-2018]
regulation of skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferationbiological processAny process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation. [GOC:ef, GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:16607119]
fatty acid transportbiological processThe directed movement of fatty acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Fatty acids are aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis. [GOC:ai]
intracellular receptor signaling pathwaybiological processThe series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a receptor located within a cell. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah]
cell-substrate adhesionbiological processThe attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules. [GOC:mah, GOC:pf]
cellular response to nutrient levelsbiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients. [GOC:mah]
wound healingbiological processThe series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury. [GOC:bf, PMID:15269788]
steroid hormone mediated signaling pathwaybiological processThe series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor. [PMID:12606724]
positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue regenerationbiological processAny process that activates or increase the rate of skeletal muscle regeneration. [GOC:jl]
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transductionbiological processAn intracellular signaling cassette that starts with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activation, production of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P), activation of PDK1, which recruits and ending with the activation of protein kinase B (PKB, also known as Akt). PI3K is activated by cell surface receptors. Note that PTEN is an inhibitor of the pathway. [PMID:20517722, PMID:22952397]
keratinocyte proliferationbiological processThe multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Keratinocytes are epidermal cells which synthesize keratin and undergo a characteristic change as they move upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the cornified (horny) layer of the skin. [CL:0000311]
positive regulation of fat cell differentiationbiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of adipocyte differentiation. [GOC:go_curators]
negative regulation of myoblast differentiationbiological processAny process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast differentiation. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers. [CL:0000056, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_muscle]
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionbiological processAny process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH]
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionbiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH]
decidualizationbiological processThe cellular and vascular changes occurring in the endometrium of the pregnant uterus just after the onset of blastocyst implantation. This process involves the proliferation and differentiation of the fibroblast-like endometrial stromal cells into large, polyploid decidual cells that eventually form the maternal component of the placenta. [ISBN:0721662544, PMID:11133685]
negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferationbiological processAny process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation. [GOC:ai]
keratinocyte migrationbiological processThe directed movement of a keratinocyte, epidermal cells which synthesize keratin, from one site to another. [ISBN:0721662544]
positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transductionbiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction. [GOC:ai]
adipose tissue developmentbiological processThe process whose specific outcome is the progression of adipose tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Adipose tissue is specialized tissue that is used to store fat. [GOC:dph]
fat cell proliferationbiological processThe multiplication or reproduction of fat cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A fat cell is an animal connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat. [GOC:mah, GOC:sl]
positive regulation of fat cell proliferationbiological processAny process that activates or increases the rate or extent of fat cell proliferation. [GOC:mah, GOC:sl]
cellular response to hypoxiabiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. [GOC:mah]
energy homeostasisbiological processAny process involved in the balance between food intake (energy input) and energy expenditure. [GOC:yaf, PMID:15919751]
apoptotic signaling pathwaybiological processThe series of molecular signals which triggers the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of a signal, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]
negative regulation of miRNA transcriptionbiological processAny process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microRNA (miRNA) gene transcription. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24699545]
glucose transmembrane transportbiological processThe process in which glucose is transported across a membrane. [GO_REF:0000069, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:9090050]
positive regulation of myoblast proliferationbiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast proliferation. [GOC:BHF]
positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic processbiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids. [GOC:go_curators]
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIbiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH]
fatty acid metabolic processbiological processThe chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis. [ISBN:0198547684]
negative regulation of cholesterol storagebiological processAny process that decreases the rate or extent of cholesterol storage. Cholesterol storage is the accumulation and maintenance in cells or tissues of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
cell differentiationbiological processThe cellular developmental process in which a relatively unspecialized cell, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cell, acquires specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize a specific cell. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state. [ISBN:0198506732]
negative regulation of inflammatory responsebiological processAny process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response. [GOC:ai]
hormone-mediated signaling pathwaybiological processThe series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of a hormone. [GOC:sm]