Caspase-4

A caspase-4 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:WCB, UniProtKB:P49662]

Synonyms

CASP-4;
EC 3.4.22.57;
ICE and Ced-3 homolog 2;
ICH-2;
ICE(rel)-II;
Mih1;
Protease TX

Research

Bioassay Publications (5)

Timeframe	Studies on this Protein(%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	2 (40.00)	29.6817
2010's	3 (60.00)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80

Compounds (13)

Drugs with Inhibition Measurements

Drug	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (mM)	Bioassay(s)	Publication(s)
4-biphenylylacetic acid	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	11.0800	1	5
fenbufen	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	1.5600	1	5
ibuprofen	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	21.9500	1	4
indoprofen	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	1.2920	1	5
ketoprofen	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	29.2000	1	5
ketorolac	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	4.6420	1	5
tiaprofenic acid	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	1.0920	1	5
n-methylisatin	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	50.0000	1	1
naproxen	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	28.6667	1	6
5-Nitroisatin	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	3.0000	1	1
6-(3,5-difluoroanilino)-9-ethyl-2-purinecarbonitrile	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	33.1131	1	1
grassystatin a	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	5.0000	1	1

Drugs with Other Measurements

Drug	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (mM)	Bioassay(s)	Publication(s)
MK-8353	Homo sapiens (human)	Activity	0.1850	1	1

Enables

This protein enables 5 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
lipopolysaccharide binding	molecular function	Binding to a lipopolysaccharide. [PMID:11079463]
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	molecular function	Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile. [GOC:mah, https://www.ebi.ac.uk/merops/about/glossary.shtml#CATTYPE, https://www.ebi.ac.uk/merops/about/glossary.shtml#ENDOPEPTIDASE]
protein binding	molecular function	Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators]
lipid binding	molecular function	Binding to a lipid. [GOC:ai]
CARD domain binding	molecular function	Binding to a CARD (N-terminal caspase recruitment) domain, a protein-protein interaction domain that belongs to the death domain-fold superfamily. These protein molecule families are similar in structure with each consisting of six or seven anti-parallel alpha-helices that form highly specific homophilic interactions between signaling partners. CARD exists in the N-terminal prodomains of several caspases and in apoptosis-regulatory proteins and mediates the assembly of CARD-containing proteins that participate in activation or suppression of CARD carrying members of the caspase family. [PMID:12054670]

Located In

This protein is located in 6 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
extracellular region	cellular component	The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. [GOC:go_curators]
mitochondrion	cellular component	A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration. [GOC:giardia, ISBN:0198506732]
endoplasmic reticulum	cellular component	The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). [ISBN:0198506732]
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	cellular component	The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum. [GOC:mah]
cytosol	cellular component	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. [GOC:hjd, GOC:jl]
plasma membrane	cellular component	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363]

Active In

This protein is active in 2 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
cytosol	cellular component	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. [GOC:hjd, GOC:jl]
cytoplasm	cellular component	The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684]

Part Of

This protein is part of 3 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
protein-containing complex	cellular component	A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]
non-canonical inflammasome complex	cellular component	An inflammasome complex containing CASP4, known as caspase-11 (Casp11) in mouse, which assembles upon cytosolic lipopolysaccharide-binding and directly activates Gasdermin-D (GSDMD). [PMID:33187725]
NLRP1 inflammasome complex	cellular component	An inflammasome complex that consists of two components, NLRP1 (NALP1) and caspase-1 or caspase-5. The exact mechanisms of NLRP1 activation remain obscure, but potassium ion efflux appears to be essential. [GOC:add, GOC:BHF, GOC:vp, PMID:20303873]

Involved In

This protein is involved in 17 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
proteolysis	biological process	The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah]
inflammatory response	biological process	The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages. [GO_REF:0000022, ISBN:0198506732]
protein autoprocessing	biological process	Processing which a protein carries out itself. This involves actions such as the autolytic removal of residues to generate the mature form of the protein. [GOC:ai, PMID:9335337]
defense response to bacterium	biological process	Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism. [GOC:jl]
innate immune response	biological process	Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:ebc, GOC:mtg_sensu]
regulation of inflammatory response	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response, the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. [GOC:ai]
positive regulation of inflammatory response	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response. [GOC:ai]
defense response to Gram-positive bacterium	biological process	Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a Gram-positive bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism. [GOC:ai]
protein maturation	biological process	Any process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein. [GOC:ai]
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress	biological process	The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced in response to a stimulus indicating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen. [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:18701708]
pyroptosis	biological process	A caspase-1-dependent cell death subroutine that is associated with the generation of pyrogenic mediators such as IL-1beta and IL-18. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:18846107, PMID:21760595]
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	biological process	The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of an intracellular signal (e.g. DNA damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress etc.), and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. The intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway is crucially regulated by permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOMP). [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:yaf, PMID:11919192, PMID:17340152, PMID:18852119]
non-canonical inflammasome complex assembly	biological process	The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a non-canonical inflammasome complex. [PMID:27291964]
positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23453807]
cellular response to amyloid-beta	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a amyloid-beta stimulus. [GO_REF:0000071, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23555824]
positive regulation of interleukin-18-mediated signaling pathway	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-18-mediated signaling pathway. [GOC:obol]
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death of neurons by apoptotic process. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]