Page last updated: 2024-11-12

siponimod

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth

Description

siponimod: S1P receptor modulator [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID44599207
CHEMBL ID2336071
SCHEMBL ID641699
MeSH IDM0582238

Synonyms (56)

Synonym
bdbm50428142
baf-312
1-(4-(1-((e)-4-cyclohexyl-3-trifluoromethylbenzyloxyimino)-ethyl)-2-ethylbenzyl)-azetidine-3-carboxylic acid
3-azetidinecarboxylic acid, 1-((4-((1e)-1-(((4-cyclohexyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methoxy)imino)ethyl)-2-ethylphenyl)methyl)-
siponimod [usan:inn:who-dd]
1-((4-((1e)-1-(((4-cyclohexyl- 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methoxy)imino)ethyl)- 2-ethylphenyl)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid
unii-rr6p8l282i
siponimod [usan]
rr6p8l282i ,
1230487-00-9
siponimod [who-dd]
baf 312
siponimod [inn]
who 9491
2(1h)-isoquinolinebutanoic acid, beta-(((4,5-dihydro-5-(2-(1h-imidazol-2-ylamino)ethyl)-3-isoxazolyl)carbonyl)amino)-3,4-dihydro-gamma-oxo-
1230487-85-0
nvp-baf312-nx
CHEMBL2336071 ,
siponimod
SCHEMBL641699
3-azetidinecarboxylic acid, 1-[[4-[(1e)-1-[[[4-cyclohexyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methoxy]imino]ethyl]-2-ethylphenyl]methyl]-
1-[[4-[(1e)-1-[[[4-cyclohexyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methoxy]imino]ethyl]-2-ethylphenyl]methyl]-3-azetidinecarboxylic acid
siponimod [mi]
CS-3876
baf312 (siponimod)
1-[[4-[(e)-n-[[4-cyclohexyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methoxy]-c-methylcarbonimidoyl]-2-ethylphenyl]methyl]azetidine-3-carboxylic acid
HY-12355
AC-32779
DTXSID40153847 ,
J-690082
(z)-4-cyano-5-((3,5-dichloropyridin-4-yl)thio)-n-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)thiophene-2-carbimidic acid
AKOS027254138
mfcd26142651
DB12371
S7179
siponimod (usan/inn)
D11460
c29h35f3n2o3
1-{4-[1-((e)-4-cyclohexyl-3-trifluoromethyl-benzyloxyimino)-ethyl]-2-ethyl-benzyl}-azetidine-3-carboxylic acid
AMY595
CCG-269825
baf-312(siponimod)
AS-56983
AKOS037645089
j8c ,
1-[[4-[(~{e})-~{n}-[[4-cyclohexyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methoxy]-~{c}-methyl-carbonimidoyl]-2-ethyl-phenyl]methyl]azetidine-3-carboxylic acid
dtxcid0076338
l04aa42
siponimodum
1230487-009 (parent) 1234627-85-0 (fumarate cocrystal)
compound 32 (pmid: 24900670)
rr6p8l2821
(e)-1-(4-(1-(4-cyclohexyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyloxyimino)ethyl)-2-ethylbenzyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid
1-({4-[(1e)-1-({[4-cyclohexyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methoxy}imino)ethyl]-2-ethylphenyl}methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid
EN300-25360071
Z2568751224

Research Excerpts

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Safety assessment included blood tests, documentation of adverse events at regular scheduled visits and Holter monitoring; key efficacy measures were annualized relapse rate and magnetic resonance imaging lesion activity."( Safety and Efficacy of Siponimod (BAF312) in Patients With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: Dose-Blinded, Randomized Extension of the Phase 2 BOLD Study.
Arnould, S; Freedman, MS; Hartung, HP; Hemmer, B; Hunter, B; Kappos, L; Li, DK; Montalban, X; Rieckmann, P; Selmaj, K; Stüve, O; Wallström, E; Ziemssen, T, 2016
)
0.43
" The incidence of adverse events was similar across treatment groups (10 mg: 87."( Safety and Efficacy of Siponimod (BAF312) in Patients With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: Dose-Blinded, Randomized Extension of the Phase 2 BOLD Study.
Arnould, S; Freedman, MS; Hartung, HP; Hemmer, B; Hunter, B; Kappos, L; Li, DK; Montalban, X; Rieckmann, P; Selmaj, K; Stüve, O; Wallström, E; Ziemssen, T, 2016
)
0.43
" No adverse events were reported during this study."( Pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of siponimod (BAF312) in subjects with severe renal impairment: A single-dose, open-label, parallel-group study
.
Dodman, A; Gardin, A; Kalluri, S; Legangneux, E; Neelakantham, S; Shakeri-Nejad, K; Tan, X, 2017
)
0.46
" In the siponimod group, mild adverse events associated with impaired liver function, as well as arterial hypertension, were more common."( [The efficacy and safety of siponimod in the Russian population of patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis].
Bakhtiyarova, KZ; Boyko, AN; Davydovskaya, MV; Evdoshenko, EP; Fedyanin, AS; Habirov, FA; Kairbekova, EI; Khachanova, NV; Khaibullin, TI; Kolontareva, YM; Malkova, NA; Neofidov, NA; Odinak, MM; Popova, EV; Sazonov, DV; Shchukin, IA; Smagina, IV; Stolyarov, ID, 2019
)
0.51
" This study aimed to elucidate the risk of cardiovascular adverse events (AEs) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with S1PR modulators (S1PRMs)."( Risk for Cardiovascular Adverse Events Associated With Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Modulators in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: Insights From a Pooled Analysis of 15 Randomised Controlled Trials.
Gu, ZC; Lv, Y; Ma, CL; Zhao, Z; Zhong, MK, 2021
)
0.62
" Safety assessments included adverse events (AEs), serious AEs, and AEs leading to treatment discontinuation."( Effects of baseline age and disease duration on the efficacy and safety of siponimod in patients with active SPMS: Post hoc analyses from the EXPAND study.
Bar-Or, A; Cohan, SL; Cox, GM; Coyle, PK; Cree, BA; Fox, RJ; Hua, LH; Lublin, FD; Meng, X; Su, W, 2023
)
0.91
"To compare adverse effects of immunotherapies for people with MS or clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), and to rank these treatments according to their relative risks of adverse effects through network meta-analyses (NMAs)."( Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta-analysis.
Benedetti, MD; Capobussi, M; Castellini, G; Featherstone, R; Filippini, G; Frau, S; Gonzalez-Lorenzo, M; Lucenteforte, E; Perduca, V; Tramacere, I; Virgili, G, 2023
)
0.91
" Our review, along with other work in the literature, confirms poor-quality reporting of adverse events from RCTs of interventions."( Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta-analysis.
Benedetti, MD; Capobussi, M; Castellini, G; Featherstone, R; Filippini, G; Frau, S; Gonzalez-Lorenzo, M; Lucenteforte, E; Perduca, V; Tramacere, I; Virgili, G, 2023
)
0.91

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Pharmacodynamic evaluations included maximum change from baseline in time-matched hourly average heart rate (Emax HR) and mean arterial blood pressure (Emax MABP) over 24 hours postdose, change from baseline in PR intervals, cardiac rhythm, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)."( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction of siponimod (BAF312) and propranolol in healthy subjects.
Biswal, S; Legangneux, E; Marbury, TC; Pal, P; Perry, R; Polus, F; Veldandi, UK, 2015
)
0.42
" HS: Cmax changed by 16%, -13%, and -16%; AUC by 5%, -13%, and 15%, respectively."( Pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of siponimod (BAF312) in subjects with different levels of hepatic impairment: a single-dose, open-label, parallel-group study
.
Aslanis, V; Dodman, A; Gardin, A; Legangneux, E; Shakeri-Nejad, K; Su, Z; Veldandi, UK; Zaehringer, A, 2017
)
0.46
" HS: Cmax decreased by 8%, and AUClast and AUCinf increased by 23% and 24%, respectively; half-life (37 vs."( Pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of siponimod (BAF312) in subjects with severe renal impairment: A single-dose, open-label, parallel-group study
.
Dodman, A; Gardin, A; Kalluri, S; Legangneux, E; Neelakantham, S; Shakeri-Nejad, K; Tan, X, 2017
)
0.46
"We predicted the drug-drug interaction (DDI) potential of siponimod in presence of cytochrome P450 (CYP)2C9/CYP3A4 inhibitors/inducers in subjects with different CYP2C9 genotypes by physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling."( Prediction of the Impact of Cytochrome P450 2C9 Genotypes on the Drug-Drug Interaction Potential of Siponimod With Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling: A Comprehensive Approach for Drug Label Recommendations.
Gardin, A; He, H; Huth, F; Umehara, K, 2019
)
0.51

Compound-Compound Interactions

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"We predicted the drug-drug interaction (DDI) potential of siponimod in presence of cytochrome P450 (CYP)2C9/CYP3A4 inhibitors/inducers in subjects with different CYP2C9 genotypes by physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling."( Prediction of the Impact of Cytochrome P450 2C9 Genotypes on the Drug-Drug Interaction Potential of Siponimod With Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling: A Comprehensive Approach for Drug Label Recommendations.
Gardin, A; He, H; Huth, F; Umehara, K, 2019
)
0.51

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Oral siponimod displayed a good absolute bioavailability of 84%."( Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Siponimod: A Randomized, Open-label Study in Healthy Subjects.
Dumitras, S; Gardin, A; Gray, C; Legangneux, E; Neelakantham, S; Shakeri-Nejad, K, 2020
)
0.56

Dosage Studied

Siponimod treatment of demyelinated tadpoles improved remyelination in comparison to control in a bell-shaped dose-response curve. reductions in combined unique active lesions at 3 months compared with placebo of 35% (95% CI 17-57) for sip onimod 0·25 mg.

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" We aimed to determine the dose-response relation of siponimod in terms of its effects on brain MRI lesion activity and characterise safety and tolerability in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis."( Siponimod for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (BOLD): an adaptive, dose-ranging, randomised, phase 2 study.
Auberson, LZ; Dahlke, F; Freedman, MS; Hartung, HP; Hemmer, B; Kappos, L; Li, DK; Mercier, F; Montalban, X; Pohlmann, H; Rieckmann, P; Selmaj, K; Stüve, O; Wallström, E; Ziemssen, T, 2013
)
0.39
" We showed a dose-response relation (p=0·0001) across the five doses of siponimod, with reductions in combined unique active lesions at 3 months compared with placebo of 35% (95% CI 17-57) for siponimod 0·25 mg (51 patients included in the primary endpoint analysis), 50% (29-69) for siponimod 0·5 mg (43 patients), 66% (48-80) for siponimod 1·25 mg (42 patients), 72% (57-84) for siponimod 2 mg (45 patients), and 82% (70-90) for siponimod 10 mg (44 patients)."( Siponimod for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (BOLD): an adaptive, dose-ranging, randomised, phase 2 study.
Auberson, LZ; Dahlke, F; Freedman, MS; Hartung, HP; Hemmer, B; Kappos, L; Li, DK; Mercier, F; Montalban, X; Pohlmann, H; Rieckmann, P; Selmaj, K; Stüve, O; Wallström, E; Ziemssen, T, 2013
)
0.39
" Mice were randomly assigned to different treatment groups: vehicle, siponimod given as a single dosage 30 minutes after the operation or given 3× for 3 consecutive days starting 30 minutes after operation."( Siponimod (BAF-312) Attenuates Perihemorrhagic Edema And Improves Survival in Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
Bäuerle, T; Beuscher, V; Bobinger, T; Burkardt, P; Dörfler, A; Engelhorn, T; Horsten, SV; Huttner, HB; Linker, RA; Manaenko, A; Nagel, AM; Roeder, SS; Schwab, S; Seyler, L; Sprügel, MI, 2019
)
0.51
"No clinically relevant effect on mean 5-minute or hourly average heart rate was observed following the siponimod IV dosing regimens and both remained above 50 beats/min."( Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Siponimod: A Randomized, Open-label Study in Healthy Subjects.
Dumitras, S; Gardin, A; Gray, C; Legangneux, E; Neelakantham, S; Shakeri-Nejad, K, 2020
)
0.56
" Siponimod treatment of demyelinated tadpoles improved remyelination in comparison to control in a bell-shaped dose-response curve."( Increased Remyelination and Proregenerative Microglia Under Siponimod Therapy in Mechanistic Models.
Akbar, D; Albrecht, P; Beckmann, N; Beerli, C; Bigaud, M; Dietrich, M; Gliem, M; Göttle, P; Gruchot, J; Hartung, HP; Hecker, C; Issberner, A; Köhrer, K; Küry, P; Langui, D; Levkau, B; Lubetzki, C; Martin, E; Meuth, SG; Nasiri, M; Petzsch, P; Ramseier, P; Shimshek, D; Stankoff, B; Stark, H; Tisserand, S; Zalc, B, 2022
)
0.72
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein Targets (4)

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)0.75000.00010.26263.2500AID1054246
Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)0.00040.00000.17597.8700AID733429
Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)5.00000.00010.30925.0000AID733428
Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 5Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)0.00100.00020.13653.1623AID1054245
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (40)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling pathwaySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)
immune responseSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwaySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)
activation of phospholipase C activitySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentrationSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of metabolic processSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwaySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)
blood vessel maturationSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle tissue growth involved in heart morphogenesisSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling pathwaySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
chemotaxisSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesionSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwaySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwaySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwaySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
brain developmentSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
cell population proliferationSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
cell migrationSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
transmission of nerve impulseSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
lamellipodium assemblySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organizationSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell adhesionSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
neuron differentiationSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell migrationSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of bone mineralizationSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
leukocyte chemotaxisSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of bone resorptionSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
endothelial cell differentiationSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IISphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferationSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of positive chemotaxisSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of stress fiber assemblySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
heart trabecula morphogenesisSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
T cell migrationSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
angiogenesisSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of metabolic processSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwaySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling pathwaySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory responseSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwaySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwaySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentrationSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
Notch signaling pathwaySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
anatomical structure morphogenesisSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of interleukin-1 beta productionSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of establishment of endothelial barrierSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwaySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of metabolic processSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling pathwaySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 5Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of neuron differentiationSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 5Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of metabolic processSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 5Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwaySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 5Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (7)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
protein bindingSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)
lipid bindingSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor activitySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor activitySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor bindingSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor activitySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor activitySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
sphingolipid bindingSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
integrin bindingSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
lipid bindingSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor activitySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor activitySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 5Homo sapiens (human)
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor activitySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 5Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor activitySphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 5Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (8)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
mitochondrionSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
endosomeSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membraneSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
membrane raftSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 5Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 5Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 5Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (35)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID733418Oral bioavailability in rat2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID733429Agonist activity at human S1P1 receptor transfected in CHO cells incubated for 10 to 15 mins prior to GTPgamma35S addition measured after 120 mins by GTPgamma35S binding assay2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID1474289Toxicity in human assessed as reduction in heart rate at 10 mg measured 2 hrs post dose2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-13, Volume: 60, Issue:13
Modulators of Sphingosine-1-phosphate Pathway Biology: Recent Advances of Sphingosine-1-phosphate Receptor 1 (S1P
AID733424Plasma protein binding in dog2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID1532408Decrease in B lymphocytes in human at 10 mg dosed daily for 28 days measured within 4 to 6 hrs post dose relative to control2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 28, Issue:23-24
An update on sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 modulators.
AID733419Drug absorption in rat2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID1532406Decrease in CD4+ T lymphocytes in human at 10 mg dosed daily for 28 days measured within 4 to 6 hrs post dose relative to control2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 28, Issue:23-24
An update on sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 modulators.
AID733427Agonist activity at human S1P1 receptor transfected in CHO cells at 10 uM incubated for 10 to 15 mins prior to GTPgamma35S addition measured after 120 mins by GTPgamma35S binding assay relative to S1P2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID1054246Agonist activity at human S1P4 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 23, Issue:23
Modulators of the Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1.
AID733416Clearance in rat2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID733410Reduction in peripheral lymphocyte count in Lewis rat at 1 mg/kg, po after 8 hrs2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID733423Plasma protein binding in human2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID733426Agonist activity at human S1P3 receptor transfected in CHO cells at 10 uM incubated for 10 to 15 mins prior to GTPgamma35S addition measured after 120 mins by GTPgamma35S binding assay relative to S1P2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID1300095Toxicity in guinea pig heart assessed as third degree AV block at 300 nM after 10 mins by ECG analysis2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-10, Volume: 7, Issue:3
Identification and Preclinical Pharmacology of BMS-986104: A Differentiated S1P1 Receptor Modulator in Clinical Trials.
AID1532409Half life in human plasma2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 28, Issue:23-24
An update on sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 modulators.
AID733407Inhibition of human ERG channel at 25 uM2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID733422Plasma protein binding in monkey2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID1532410In vivo modulatory activity at S1P1 receptor in SPMS patient assessed as reduction in newly enlarge T2 lesion at 1.25 to 2 mg, po administered as daily dose relative to control2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 28, Issue:23-24
An update on sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 modulators.
AID733428Agonist activity at human S1P3 receptor transfected in CHO cells incubated for 10 to 15 mins prior to GTPgamma35S addition measured after 120 mins by GTPgamma35S binding assay2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID733420Drug excretion in rat2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID1054245Agonist activity at human S1P5 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 23, Issue:23
Modulators of the Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1.
AID733425Plasma protein binding in rat2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID733415Clearance in monkey2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID733406Reduction in peripheral lymphocyte count in po dosed Lewis rat after 6 hrs2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID733414Volume of distribution at steady state in rat2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID733412Terminal half life in monkey2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID1300094Toxicity in guinea pig heart assessed as reduction in ventricular rate at 100 nM after 10 mins by ECG analysis2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-10, Volume: 7, Issue:3
Identification and Preclinical Pharmacology of BMS-986104: A Differentiated S1P1 Receptor Modulator in Clinical Trials.
AID733417Oral bioavailability in monkey2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID733421Permeability across human Caco2 cells at 0.5 to 50 uM2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID733408Tmax in Lewis rat at 1 mg/kg, po after 8 hrs2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID733413Volume of distribution at steady state in monkey2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID1054244Half life in human2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 23, Issue:23
Modulators of the Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1.
AID733411Terminal half life in rat2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
AID1532407Decrease in naive T cells in human at 10 mg dosed daily for 28 days measured within 4 to 6 hrs post dose relative to control2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 28, Issue:23-24
An update on sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 modulators.
AID733409Reduction in peripheral lymphocyte count in Lewis rat at 1 mg/kg, po after 48 hrs2013ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-14, Volume: 4, Issue:3
Discovery of BAF312 (Siponimod), a Potent and Selective S1P Receptor Modulator.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (124)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's0 (0.00)18.2507
2000's0 (0.00)29.6817
2010's50 (40.32)24.3611
2020's74 (59.68)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials20 (15.75%)5.53%
Reviews30 (23.62%)6.00%
Case Studies5 (3.94%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other72 (56.69%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (21)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
A Phase II, Patient- and Investigator-blinded, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of BAF312 (Siponimod) in Patients With Stroke Due to Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) [NCT03338998]Phase 232 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-12-24Completed
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Parallel-group, Placebo-controlled Variable Treatment Duration Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Siponimod (BAF312) in Patients With Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Followed by Extended Treatment [NCT01665144]Phase 31,653 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-12-20Completed
Swiss Study of the Impact of Mayzent (Siponimod) on Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Patients in a Long-term Non-interventional Study [NCT04895202]8 participants (Actual)Observational2021-11-19Terminated(stopped due to Insufficient patient recruitment)
Managed Access Program (MAP) to Provide Access to Siponimod Treatment for Patients Diagnosed With Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis With no Satisfactory Alternative Treatment [NCT04540861]0 participants Expanded AccessAvailable
Pregnancy Outcomes in Women Exposed to Diroximel Fumarate [NCT05688436]1,178 participants (Anticipated)Observational [Patient Registry]2021-09-24Recruiting
A Dose Blinded Extension Study to the CBAF312A2201 Study to Evaluate Long-term Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of BAF312 Given Orally Once Daily in Patients With Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis [NCT01185821]Phase 2185 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-08-30Completed
Exploring the Safety and Tolerability of Conversion From Oral, Injectable, or Infusion Disease Modifying Therapies to Dose-titrated Oral Siponimod (Mayzent) in Patients With Advancing Forms of Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis: A 6-month Open Label, Multi- Cen [NCT03623243]Phase 3185 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-02-14Completed
[NCT01904214]Phase 116 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-07-31Completed
Long Term Special Drug Use-results Surveillance for Mayzent in SPMS Patients (Prevention of Relapses and Delay of Progression of Physical Disability in Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis) [NCT04593927]330 participants (Anticipated)Observational2020-10-28Recruiting
A Multi-centre, Double-blind, Placebo Controlled, Proof of Concept Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Tolerability of BAF312 in Patients With Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis [NCT01148810]Phase 218 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-06-15Terminated(stopped due to Trial was prematurely terminated due to enrollment challenges.)
A Phase II, Double-blind, Randomized, Multi-center, Adaptive Dose-ranging, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group Study Evaluating Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy on MRI Lesion Parameters and Determining the Dose Response Curve of BAF312 Given Orally Once D [NCT00879658]Phase 2297 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-03-30Completed
A First-in-Human Study for BAF312: A Two Parts, Single Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Ascending Single Dose Study to Explore the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Oral BAF312 in Healthy Volunteers [NCT00422175]Phase 163 participants Interventional2006-10-31Completed
Determining the Effectiveness of earLy Intensive Versus Escalation Approaches for the Treatment of Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis [NCT03535298]Phase 4800 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-01-03Recruiting
Post-Authorization Safety Study for Assessment of Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients Treated With Mayzent (Siponimod): An OTIS Observational Pregnancy Surveillance Study [NCT04933552]867 participants (Anticipated)Observational2021-12-15Recruiting
A 2-year Randomized, 3-arm, Double-blind, Non-inferiority Study Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Ofatumumab and Siponimod Versus Fingolimod in Pediatric Patients With Multiple Sclerosis Followed by an Open-label Extension [NCT04926818]Phase 3180 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-10-05Recruiting
Impact of Mayzent (Siponimod) on Active Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Patients in a Long-term Non-interventional Study in Italy [NCT05376579]134 participants (Actual)Observational2022-06-17Active, not recruiting
A Pragmatic Trial to Evaluate the Intermediate-term Effects of Early, Aggressive Versus Escalation Therapy in People With Multiple Sclerosis [NCT03500328]900 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2018-05-02Recruiting
A Double Blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate, Safety, Tolerability, Efficacy and Preliminary Dose-response of BAF312 in Patients With Active Dermatomyositis (DM) [NCT02029274]Phase 217 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-08-25Terminated(stopped due to The study was terminated prematurely after an interim analysis for futility. The study did not provide any evidence for efficacy of BAF312 in dermatomyositis.)
A Single-dose, Open-label, Parallel-group Study to Assess the Pharmacokinetics of BAF312 in Subjects With Mild, Moderate and Severe Hepatic Impairment Compared to Healthy Control Subjects. [NCT01565902]Phase 140 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-10-31Completed
A Multi-centre Double-blind, Placebo Controlled, Proof of Concept Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Tolerability of BAF312 in Patients With Polymyositis [NCT01801917]Phase 214 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-04-24Terminated
An Open-label Multicenter Study to Assess Response to SARS-CoV-2 modRNA Vaccines in Participants With Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Treated With Mayzent (Siponimod) [NCT04792567]Phase 441 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-04-19Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

TrialOutcome
NCT00879658 (16) [back to overview]Geometric Mean BAF312 Plasma Trough Concentrations
NCT00879658 (16) [back to overview]Number of New [Gd]-Enhanced T1 Lesions Monthly - Period 1 +2 at Month 3
NCT00879658 (16) [back to overview]Number of Confirmed Relapses - Period 1
NCT00879658 (16) [back to overview]Number of All New Gd-enhanced T1 Lesions - Period 1 +2 at Month 3
NCT00879658 (16) [back to overview]Dose Responsiveness of BAF312 Based on the Number of Combined Unique Active MRI Lesions (CUAL)
NCT00879658 (16) [back to overview]Proportion of Participants With Relapse-free Patients - Period 1 Only
NCT00879658 (16) [back to overview]Proportion of Participants With Relapse-free Patients - Period 1 + 2
NCT00879658 (16) [back to overview]Number of Monthly New/Enlarging T2 Lesions - Period 1 Only at 6 Months
NCT00879658 (16) [back to overview]Number of Patients Without Any New MRI Disease Activity - Period 1 Only
NCT00879658 (16) [back to overview]Number of Patients Without Any New MRI Disease Activity - Period 1 +2
NCT00879658 (16) [back to overview]Number of New [Gd]-Enhanced T1 Lesions Monthly - Period 1 Only at 6 Months
NCT00879658 (16) [back to overview]Number of All Gd-enhanced T1 Lesions - Period 1 Only at 6 Months
NCT00879658 (16) [back to overview]Number of Monthly New/Enlarging T2 Lesions - Period 1 +2 at 3 Months
NCT00879658 (16) [back to overview]Number of Monthly New Gd-enhanced T1 Lesions With High Baseline Disease Activity - Period 1 Only at 6 Months
NCT00879658 (16) [back to overview]Number of Monthly New Gd-enhanced T1 Lesions With High Baseline Disease Activity - Period 1 +2 at 3 Months
NCT00879658 (16) [back to overview]Number of CUAL - Period 1
NCT01148810 (11) [back to overview]Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) - 8 Score
NCT01148810 (11) [back to overview]Serum Levels of Muscle Enzymes
NCT01148810 (11) [back to overview]Number of Participants Who Responded to BAF312
NCT01148810 (11) [back to overview]Summary of CRP Levels
NCT01148810 (11) [back to overview]Efficacy in Modifying Health-related Quality of Life Measured by SF-36
NCT01148810 (11) [back to overview]Health Assessment Questionnaire
NCT01148810 (11) [back to overview]Mean Plasma Concentrations of BAF312
NCT01148810 (11) [back to overview]Myositis Disease (MD) Activity Scores
NCT01148810 (11) [back to overview]Number of Participants With a Change in Steroids Use After BAF312 Administration -Period 2
NCT01148810 (11) [back to overview]Patient Global Activity Assessment
NCT01148810 (11) [back to overview]Physician Global Activity Assessment
NCT01185821 (9) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Cardiac Conduction-IVCD Abnormality During the Titration Phase of the Study (With Washout)
NCT01185821 (9) [back to overview]Total Number of Adverse Events During Evaluation of Long Term Safety and Tolerability of BAF312A in Extension Study.
NCT01185821 (9) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants Free of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Identified Disease Activity at Any Scan During Extension Study (Extension Set)
NCT01185821 (9) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Viral Infections of Interest Greater or Equal to 5% in Any Dose Group (Extension Set)
NCT01185821 (9) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Changes in Blood Pressure for Overall Extension Study. (Extension Analysis Set)
NCT01185821 (9) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants Free of Confirmed Disability Progression in Extension Study (Extension Set)
NCT01185821 (9) [back to overview]Number of Relapses in One Year - Annualized Relapse Rates for Overall Extension Study (ARR) (Extension Set)
NCT01185821 (9) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Dermatologic Alterations - Basal Cell Carcinoma (Extension Set)
NCT01185821 (9) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Cardiac Conduction Abnormalities During the Titration Phase of the Study (Without Washout)
NCT01565902 (4) [back to overview]Pharmacokinetic Parameters of BAF312 and Selected Metabolites: Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to the Time of the Last Quantifiable Concentration (AUClast)
NCT01565902 (4) [back to overview]Pharmacokinetic Parameters of BAF312 and Selected Metabolites: Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to Infinity (AUCinf)
NCT01565902 (4) [back to overview]Pharmacokinetic Parameters of BAF312 and Selected Metabolites: Observed Maximum Plasma Concentration Following Drug Administration at Steady State (Cmax)
NCT01565902 (4) [back to overview]Number of Patients With Adverse Events, Serious Adverse Events and Death Adverse Events (Frequency of Adverse Events, Serious Adverse Events, and Notable Laboratory Abnormalities) of of BAF312 After a Single Dose of BAF312
NCT01665144 (1) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants With 3-month Confirmed Disibility Progression (CDP) Events as Measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)
NCT01801917 (5) [back to overview]Change From Baseline at Week 12 for BAF312 2 mg, 10 mg or Placebo (Once Daily) for Combined Efficacy Endpoint: Manual Muscle Testing in 24 Muscles (MMT24)
NCT01801917 (5) [back to overview]Percent Change From Baseline at Week 12 for BAF312 2 mg, 10 mg or Placebo (Once Daily) Serum Creatine Kinase (CK) Levels
NCT01801917 (5) [back to overview]BAF312 Trough Plasma Concentrations (PK Set)
NCT01801917 (5) [back to overview]Six-minute Walking Distance (6MWD) at Week 12
NCT01801917 (5) [back to overview]Six-minute Walking Distance (6MWD) at Week 24
NCT02029274 (5) [back to overview]BAF312 Plasma Concentration
NCT02029274 (5) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in 6 Minutes Walking Distance (6-MWD) Test
NCT02029274 (5) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Manual Muscle Testing - 24 Muscles (MMT-24) Score
NCT02029274 (5) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Manual Muscle Testing - 24 Muscles (MMT-24) Score
NCT02029274 (5) [back to overview]Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Counts
NCT03338998 (2) [back to overview]Plasma BAF312 Concentrations
NCT03338998 (2) [back to overview]Absolute Perihematoma Edema (aPHE) Volume Measured by Computed Tomography (CT) Scan After Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH)
NCT03623243 (6) [back to overview]Number of Participants With at Least One Treatment-emergent Adverse Event (TEAE) Related to Study Drug During the Treatment Period
NCT03623243 (6) [back to overview]Number of Participants With at Least One Hospitalization During the Treatment
NCT03623243 (6) [back to overview]Number of Participants With at Least One Adverse Event (AE)
NCT03623243 (6) [back to overview]Change in Heart Rate From Baseline to 6 Hours After First Treatment
NCT03623243 (6) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM-9)
NCT03623243 (6) [back to overview]Patient Retention Reported as Number of Participants Who Completed the Study

Geometric Mean BAF312 Plasma Trough Concentrations

Geometric mean BAF312 plasma concentrations by treatment and by visit (NCT00879658)
Timeframe: Month 1, Month 3, Month 6

,,,,
Interventionng/ml (Mean)
Month 1Month 3Month 6
BAF312 0.25 mg2.81672.4897NA
BAF312 0.5 mg6.94906.10755.307
BAF312 1.2.5 mg14.045011.8270NA
BAF312 10mg127.9732127.4595104.0332
BAF312 2 mg25.177723.514323.4480

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Number of New [Gd]-Enhanced T1 Lesions Monthly - Period 1 +2 at Month 3

Results for Month 1 through Month 3 inclusive include patients from both Period 1 and Period 2. New lesions at a specific visit were assessed relative to the previous scheduled visit scan. The number of lesions of each type was available from the central MRI reader. No derivation was performed. Lesion ratio (and 95% CI) is set between the estimated number of lesions on active treatment compared to placebo. Estimates are computed at Month 3 and Month 6. New lesions at a specific visit were assessed relative to the previous visit. The computation was based upon the mean number of monthly new [Gd]- enhanced lesions. Month 3 and Month 6 results are based on two negative binomial GEE regression models accounting for repeated measures on a patient. Both models were adjusted for baseline number of Gd-enhanced T1 lesions and treatment group x month interaction, using the log link. (NCT00879658)
Timeframe: 3 months

InterventionLesion (Mean)
BAF312 10mg0.2
BAF312 2 mg0.4
BAF312 1.25 mg0.2
BAF312 0.5 mg0.9
BAF312 0.25 mg0.6
Placebo1.4

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Number of Confirmed Relapses - Period 1

confirmed relapse: A relapse was to be confirmed by the Independent Evaluating Physician (examining neurologist) performing the EDSS. It was recommended that this occurred within 7 days of the onset of symptoms. A relapse was confirmed when it was accompanied by an increase of at least half a step (0.5) on the EDSS or an increase of 1 point on two different Functional Systems (FS) of the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) or 2 points on one of the FS (excluding Bowel/Bladder or Cerebral FS). (NCT00879658)
Timeframe: 6 months

InterventionConfirmed relapses (Number)
BAF312 10mg9
BAF312 2 mg5
BAF312 0.5 mg13
Placebo13

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Number of All New Gd-enhanced T1 Lesions - Period 1 +2 at Month 3

"The results for Month 1 through Month 3 includes patients from both Period 1 and Period 2. New lesions at a specific visit were assessed relative to the previous scheduled visit scan.~The number of lesions of each type was available from the central MRI reader. No derivation was performed.~Lesion ratio (and 95% CI) is set between the estimated number of lesions on active treatment compared to placebo. Estimates are computed at Month 3 and Month 6. New lesions at a specific visit were assessed relative to the previous visit. The computation was based upon the mean number of monthly new [Gd]- enhanced lesions. Month 3 and Month 6 results are based on two negative binomial GEE regression models accounting for repeated measures on a patient. Both models were adjusted for baseline number of Gd-enhanced T1 lesions and treatment group x month interaction, using the log link." (NCT00879658)
Timeframe: 3 months

InterventionLesions (Mean)
BAF312 10mg0.5
BAF312 2 mg0.8
BAF312 1.25 mg0.3
BAF312 0.5 mg1.5
BAF312 0.25 mg1.0
Placebo2.0

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Dose Responsiveness of BAF312 Based on the Number of Combined Unique Active MRI Lesions (CUAL)

"Combined unique active lesions (CUAL) were defined as new gadolinium [Gd]-enhanced lesions on T1-weighted MRI scans or new or enlarging lesions on T2-weighted MRI scans, without double-counting of lesions.~ED50 is the dose that gives half of the asymptotic maximum change over placebo. ED90 is the dose that gives 90% of the asymptotic maximum change over placebo." (NCT00879658)
Timeframe: 3 months of treatment

Interventionmg (Number)
Dose achieving 50% reductionED50ED90
BAF312/Placebo0.510.837.46

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Proportion of Participants With Relapse-free Patients - Period 1 Only

To explore the effect of BAF312 on the proportion of relapse-free patients (confirmed relapses only) (NCT00879658)
Timeframe: 6 months

Interventionproportion of participants (Number)
BAF312 10mg0.84
BAF312 2 mg0.92
BAF312 0.5 mg0.77
Placebo0.72

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Proportion of Participants With Relapse-free Patients - Period 1 + 2

To explore the effect of BAF312 on the proportion of relapse-free patients (confirmed relapses only) (NCT00879658)
Timeframe: 3 month

InterventionProportion of participants (Number)
BAF312 10mg0.87
BAF312 2 mg0.93
BAF312 1.25 mg0.93
BAF312 0.5 mg0.79
BAF312 0.25 mg0.86
Placebo0.88

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Number of Monthly New/Enlarging T2 Lesions - Period 1 Only at 6 Months

"Month 4 through Month 6 inclusive include patients from Period 1 only. New lesions at a specific visit were assessed relative to the previous scheduled visit scan.~The number of lesions of each type was available from the central MRI reader. No derivation was performed.~Lesion ratio (and 95% CI) is set between the estimated number of lesions on active treatment compared to placebo. Estimates are computed at Month 3 and Month 6. New lesions at a specific visit were assessed relative to the previous visit. The computation was based upon the mean number of monthly new [Gd]- enhanced lesions. Month 3 and Month 6 results are based on two negative binomial GEE regression models accounting for repeated measures on a patient. Both models were adjusted for baseline number of Gd-enhanced T1 lesions and treatment group x month interaction, using the log link." (NCT00879658)
Timeframe: 6 months

InterventionLesions (Mean)
BAF312 10mg0.4
BAF312 2 mg0.4
BAF312 0.5 mg0.9
Placebo2.1

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Number of Patients Without Any New MRI Disease Activity - Period 1 Only

The proportion of patients who were free of new Gd-enhanced T1 lesions, and/or free of new or enlarging T2 lesions, i.e. free of new MRI activity (CUAL). (NCT00879658)
Timeframe: 6 months

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
BAF312 10mg12
BAF312 2 mg16
BAF312 0.5 mg11
Placebo6

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Number of Patients Without Any New MRI Disease Activity - Period 1 +2

The proportion of patients who were free of new Gd-enhanced T1 lesions, and/or free of new or enlarging T2 lesions, i.e. free of new MRI activity (CUAL). (NCT00879658)
Timeframe: 3 months

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
BAF312 10mg15
BAF312 2 mg18
BAF312 1.25 mg20
BAF312 0.5 mg13
BAF312 0.25 mg20
Placebo11

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Number of New [Gd]-Enhanced T1 Lesions Monthly - Period 1 Only at 6 Months

"Month 4 through Month 6 include patients from Period 1 only. New lesions at a specific visit were assessed relative to the previous scheduled visit scan.~The number of lesions of each type was available from the central MRI reader. No derivation was performed.~Lesion ratio (and 95% CI) is set between the estimated number of lesions on active treatment compared to placebo. Estimates are computed at Month 3 and Month 6. New lesions at a specific visit were assessed relative to the previous visit. The computation was based upon the mean number of monthly new [Gd]- enhanced lesions. Month 3 and Month 6 results are based on two negative binomial GEE regression models accounting for repeated measures on a patient. Both models were adjusted for baseline number of Gd-enhanced T1 lesions and treatment group x month interaction, using the log link." (NCT00879658)
Timeframe: 6 months

Interventionlesions (Mean)
BAF312 10mg0.3
BAF312 2 mg0.4
BAF312 0.5 mg1.4
Placebo1.8

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Number of All Gd-enhanced T1 Lesions - Period 1 Only at 6 Months

"The results for Month 4 through Month 6 inclusive includes patients from Period 1 only. New lesions at a specific visit were assessed relative to the previous scheduled visit scan.~The number of lesions of each type was available from the central MRI reader. No derivation was performed.~Lesion ratio (and 95% CI) is set between the estimated number of lesions on active treatment compared to placebo. Estimates are computed at Month 3 and Month 6. New lesions at a specific visit were assessed relative to the previous visit. The computation was based upon the mean number of monthly new [Gd]- enhanced lesions. Month 3 and Month 6 results are based on two negative binomial GEE regression models accounting for repeated measures on a patient. Both models were adjusted for baseline number of Gd-enhanced T1 lesions and treatment group x month interaction, using the log link." (NCT00879658)
Timeframe: 6 months

InterventionLesions (Mean)
BAF312 10mg0.3
BAF312 2 mg0.6
BAF312 0.5 mg1.1
Placebo3.0

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Number of Monthly New/Enlarging T2 Lesions - Period 1 +2 at 3 Months

"The results for Month 1 through Month 3 inclusive include patients from both Period 1 and Period 2. New lesions at a specific visit were assessed relative to the previous scheduled visit scan.~The number of lesions of each type was available from the central MRI reader. No derivation was performed.~Lesion ratio (and 95% CI) is set between the estimated number of lesions on active treatment compared to placebo. Estimates are computed at Month 3 and Month 6. New lesions at a specific visit were assessed relative to the previous visit. The computation was based upon the mean number of monthly new [Gd]- enhanced lesions. Month 3 and Month 6 results are based on two negative binomial GEE regression models accounting for repeated measures on a patient. Both models were adjusted for baseline number of Gd-enhanced T1 lesions and treatment group x month interaction, using the log link." (NCT00879658)
Timeframe: 3 months

InterventionLesions (Mean)
BAF312 10mg0.4
BAF312 2 mg (Period 1)0.4
BAF312 1.25 mg0.2
BAF312 0.5 mg1.0
BAF312 0.25 mg0.8
Placebo1.5

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Number of Monthly New Gd-enhanced T1 Lesions With High Baseline Disease Activity - Period 1 Only at 6 Months

"In patients with high baseline disease activity, the relative reduction in new Gd-enhanced T1 lesions compared to placebo at Month 6. High baseline disease activity is defined as >=2 Gd-enhanced T1 lesions at baseline.~The number of lesions of each type was available from the central MRI reader. No derivation was performed.~Lesion ratio (and 95% CI) is set between the estimated number of lesions on active treatment compared to placebo. Estimates are computed at Month 3 and Month 6. New lesions at a specific visit were assessed relative to the previous visit. The computation was based upon the mean number of monthly new [Gd]- enhanced lesions. Month 3 and Month 6 results are based on two negative binomial GEE regression models accounting for repeated measures on a patient. Both models were adjusted for baseline number of Gd-enhanced T1 lesions and treatment group x month interaction, using the log link." (NCT00879658)
Timeframe: 6 months

InterventionLesions (Mean)
BAF312 10mg0.5
BAF312 2 mg0.6
BAF312 0.5 mg1.4
Placebo2.1

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Number of Monthly New Gd-enhanced T1 Lesions With High Baseline Disease Activity - Period 1 +2 at 3 Months

"In patients with high baseline disease activity, the relative reduction in new Gd-enhanced T1 lesions compared to placebo at Month 3.~High baseline disease activity is defined as >=2 Gd-enhanced T1 lesions at baseline.~The number of lesions of each type was available as such from the central MRI reader. No derivation was performed.~Lesion ratio (and 95% CI) is set between the estimated number of lesions on active treatment compared to placebo. Estimates are computed at Month 3 and Month 6. New lesions at a specific visit were assessed relative to the previous visit. The computation was based upon the mean number of monthly new [Gd]- enhanced lesions. Month 3 and Month 6 results are based on two negative binomial GEE regression models accounting for repeated measures on a patient. Both models were adjusted for baseline number of Gd-enhanced T1 lesions and treatment group x month interaction, using the log link." (NCT00879658)
Timeframe: 3 months

InterventionLesions (Mean)
BAF312 10mg0.5
BAF312 2 mg0.5
BAF312 1.25 mg0.1
BAF312 0.5 mg1.5
BAF312 0.25 mg1.5
Placebo2.7

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Number of CUAL - Period 1

Combined unique active lesions (CUAL) are defined as new Gd-enhanced T1 lesions or new or enlarging T2 lesions, withput double counting of lesions at any specific point in time. (NCT00879658)
Timeframe: 6 months

Interventionlesions (Mean)
BAF312 10mg0.4
BAF312 2 mg0.4
BAF312 0.5 mg0.9
Placebo2.0

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Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) - 8 Score

Manual Muscle Testing - 8 (MMT-8): Assessment of designated muscles manually by scoring each muscle from 0 to 10 where 0 is no strength and 10 is maximum strength. MMT- 8 includes 7 bilateral muscles (potential score 0-70 x 2) and one unilateral (axial) muscle (0-10 x1) so the total score ranges from 0 to 150 (maximum) where higher score indicates more strength. (NCT01148810)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 12

,
Interventionscores on a scale (Mean)
BaselineWeek 12
BAF312/BAF312106.8115.0
Placebo/BAF312106.6100.7

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Serum Levels of Muscle Enzymes

(NCT01148810)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 12

,
InterventionU/L (Mean)
Creatine Kinase - BaselineCreatine Kinase - Week 12
BAF312/BAF312204.0153.7
Placebo/BAF312872.5858.1

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Number of Participants Who Responded to BAF312

Preliminary clinical efficacy of BAF312 in patients with Polymyositis and dermatomyositis (PM/DM) using the International Myositis Assessment and Clinical Studies Group (IMACS) core set measures (including manual muscle testing, Physician's Global Activity Assessment (on a horizontal 10 cm visual analogue scale), Patient Global Activity Assessment (on a horizontal 10 cm visual analogue scale), Physical Function (Health Assessment Questionnaire), Muscle-associated Enzymes (CK, LDH, AST, ALT, aldolase) and Extra-Muscular Activity Assessment (Extra-muscular portion of Myositis Disease Activity Assessment Tool). (NCT01148810)
Timeframe: 12 weeks

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
BAF312/BAF3124
Placebo/BAF3121

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Summary of CRP Levels

Biomarkers reflecting efficacy in reducing systemic inflammatory components of the disease using serum markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) (NCT01148810)
Timeframe: 12 weeks

Interventionmg/L (Mean)
BAF312/BAF3124.14
Placebo/BAF3126.38

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Health Assessment Questionnaire

Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ): This questionnaire is a patient reported outcome (PRO) which is self-administered by the patient. It is used to assess disability and comprises various categories related to usual daily activities. The patients report the amount of difficulty they have in performing some of these activities. Each question asks on a scale ranging from 0 to 3 if the categories can be performed without any difficulty (scale 0) up to cannot be done at all (scale 3). The total score is derived from these sub-scores and ranges from 0 to 3 where higher HAQ indicates more disability. (NCT01148810)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 12

,
InterventionScore on a scale (Mean)
BaselineWeek 12
BAF312/BAF3121.29691.2143
Placebo/BAF3121.20311.3929

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Mean Plasma Concentrations of BAF312

(NCT01148810)
Timeframe: baseline to end of trial (day 196)

Interventionng/ml (Mean)
baselineDay 8Day 28Day 56Day 84Day 92Day 112Day 140Day 168Day 196
BAF312029.612116016380.012012912527.9

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Myositis Disease (MD) Activity Scores

Myositis Disease Activity Scores. This is a combined tool that captures the physician's assessment of disease activity of various organ systems via the MYOSITIS INTENTION TO TREAT ACTIVITY INDEX (MITAX) and via the MYOSITIS DISEASE ACTIVITY ASSESSMENT VISUAL ANALOGUE SCALES (MYOACT) It rates the physician's overall assessment of the ongoing current disease activity for various systems by drawing a vertical mark on the 10-cm line for each system according to the following scale: left end of line = no evidence of disease activity, midpoint of line = moderate disease activity, and right end of line = extreme or maximum disease activity. (NCT01148810)
Timeframe: Week 12

,
Interventioncm (Mean)
Extramuscular global assessmentCutaneous disease activity
BAF312/BAF3121.511.11
Placebo/BAF3122.271.31

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Number of Participants With a Change in Steroids Use After BAF312 Administration -Period 2

(NCT01148810)
Timeframe: 12 weeks

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Steroid reductionSteroid increase1Steroid stable
BAF312/BAF312313
Placebo/BAF312224

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Patient Global Activity Assessment

Patient's overall assessment on a single 0-10 cm scale, where the higher score indicates higher disease activity. (NCT01148810)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 12

,
Interventioncm (Mean)
BaselineWeek 12
BAF312/BAF3124.364.50
Placebo/BAF3124.755.44

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Physician Global Activity Assessment

Physician's overall assessment on a single 0-10 cm scale, where the higher score indicates higher disease activity. (NCT01148810)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 12

,
Interventioncm (Mean)
BaselineWeek 12
BAF312/BAF3124.883.04
Placebo/BAF3123.934.91

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Number of Participants With Cardiac Conduction-IVCD Abnormality During the Titration Phase of the Study (With Washout)

Number of patients with abnormal ECG conduction findings during dose-blinded titration at any visit post-dose, by type of abnormality and treatment (Extension Set). Number analyzed represent participants who had ECG results. Washout was defined as not being on treatment drug between Core and Extension for >7 days. Abbreviations: washout = WO, Con=conduction (NCT01185821)
Timeframe: Baseline Extension up to day 10

Interventionparticipants (Number)
BAF312 .25 mg/2 mg4

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Total Number of Adverse Events During Evaluation of Long Term Safety and Tolerability of BAF312A in Extension Study.

Refer to adverse events for complete listing of serious adverse events and other adverse events. Adverse events of interest were presented in separate tables. There were no reports of macular edema. (NCT01185821)
Timeframe: Baseline up to approximately 5 years

,,,,
Interventionevents (Number)
Serious adverse eventsOther adverse events
BAF312 .25 mg/2 mg842
BAF312 .5 mg/2 mg629
BAF312 1.25 mg/2 mg642
BAF312 10 mg/2 mg430
BAF312 2 mg/2 mg726

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Percentage of Participants Free of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Identified Disease Activity at Any Scan During Extension Study (Extension Set)

"Free of MRI disease activity is defined as free of Gadolinium enhanced T1 lesions at any scan; free of new or enlarging T2 lesions at any scan: free of both gadolinium enhanced T1 lesions and new or enlarging T2 lesions at any scan. Number of patients analyzed = patients with at least one MRI scan during the specified time period. New lesions at a specific visit are assessed relative to the previous scheduled visit scan.~No imputation of missing scans is performed. As a result missing scans can lead to an overestimation of the proportion of patients free of a specific MRI activity." (NCT01185821)
Timeframe: Baseline Extension up to approximately 5 years

,,,,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Free of Gd-enhanced T1 lesions at any scanFree of new/enlarging T2 lesions at any scanFree of Gd-enhanced T1 and new enlarged T2 lesions
BAF312 .25 mg/2 mg66.040.440.4
BAF312 .5 mg/2 mg44.820.720.7
BAF312 1.25 mg/2 mg58.146.544.2
BAF312 10 mg/2 mg58.132.332.3
BAF312 2 mg/2 mg57.742.342.3

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Number of Participants With Viral Infections of Interest Greater or Equal to 5% in Any Dose Group (Extension Set)

"Most infections were clinical diagnoses and were not confirmed by microbiology / virologic investigations. A patient with multiple occurrences of an infection for a preferred term is counted only once in each specific category.~Events identified as infections by the Investigator and defined as an AE with onset on or after the first dose of Extension Study drug up to and including 30 days after the date of the last dose" (NCT01185821)
Timeframe: Baseline Extension up to approximately 5 years

,,,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Oral herpesHerpes zosterInfluenza
BAF312 .25 mg/2 mg406
BAF312 .5 mg/2 mg226
BAF312 1.25 mg/2 mg433
BAF312 10 mg/2 mg553
BAF312 2 mg/2 mg004

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Number of Participants With Changes in Blood Pressure for Overall Extension Study. (Extension Analysis Set)

Sitting blood pressure was measured in triplicate. The categories of notably low and high values and changes are presented for systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP). Multiple occurrences for a patient are counted as one occurrence in this table. (NCT01185821)
Timeframe: Baseline Extension up to approximately 5 years

,,,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
SBP Low: ≤ 90SBP ≥ 20 decrease from baselineSBP High: ≥ 160SBP ≥ 20 increase from baselineDBP Low: ≤ 50DBP ≥ 15 decrease from baselineDBP High: ≥ 100DBP ≥ 15 increase from baseline
BAF312 .25 mg/2 mg110318110417
BAF312 .5 mg/2 mg16313010411
BAF312 1.25 mg/2 mg24112110413
BAF312 10 mg/2 mg181911449
BAF312 2 mg/2 mg3101808713

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Percentage of Participants Free of Confirmed Disability Progression in Extension Study (Extension Set)

Six-month disability progression was defined relative to extension baseline EDSS score: 1.5 point increase in patients with baseline EDSS score of 0, 1.0 increase in patients with baseline EDSS score of between 0.5 to 5.0, inclusive and 0.5 increase in patients with baseline EDSS score of ≥ 5.5. The criteria for 6-month disability progression included detection of onset of progression and confirmation of progression for a period of at least 6 months. (NCT01185821)
Timeframe: Baseline Extension up to approximately 5 years

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
BAF312 10 mg/2 mg72.3
BAF312 2 mg/2 mg82.4
BAF312 1.25 mg/2 mg84.8
BAF312 .5 mg/2 mg81.4
BAF312 .25 mg/2 mg78.6

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Number of Relapses in One Year - Annualized Relapse Rates for Overall Extension Study (ARR) (Extension Set)

"Group level ARR (raw) is calculated as the total number of relapses for all the patients in the treatment group divided by the total number of days on study for all patients in the group and multiplied by 365.25 to obtain the annual rate.~Model estimates are based on a negative binomial regression model, adjusted for treatment group, age, baseline EDSS, baseline number of Gd-enhanced T1 lesions and number of relapses in previous 2 years as covariates, with log(time on study in years) as the offset variable, using the log link." (NCT01185821)
Timeframe: Baseline extension up to approximately 5 years

InterventionGroup level ARR (Mean)
BAF312 10 mg/2 mg0.18
BAF312 2 mg/2 mg0.15
BAF312 1.25 mg/2 mg0.16
BAF312 .5 mg/2 mg0.19
BAF312 .25 mg/2 mg0.22

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Number of Participants With Dermatologic Alterations - Basal Cell Carcinoma (Extension Set)

(NCT01185821)
Timeframe: Baseline Extension up to approximately 5 years

Interventionparticipants (Number)
BAF312 10 mg/2 mg1
BAF312 2 mg/2 mg0
BAF312 1.25 mg/2 mg1
BAF312 .5 mg/2 mg0
BAF312 .25 mg/2 mg1

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Number of Participants With Cardiac Conduction Abnormalities During the Titration Phase of the Study (Without Washout)

Number of patients with abnormal ECG conduction findings during dose-blinded titration at any visit post-dose, by type of abnormality and treatment (Extension Set). Number analyzed represent participants who had ECG results. Washout was defined as not being on treatment drug between Core and Extension for >7 days. Abbreviation: Con=conduction, IVCD=intraventricular conduction defect , WPW=Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (NCT01185821)
Timeframe: Baseline Extension up to day 10

,,,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Conduction-Prolonged QTcConduction - IVCDConduction - AV Mobitz ICon:1st degree AV blockConduction - WPW
BAF312 .25 mg/2 mg40010
BAF312 .5 mg/2 mg23011
BAF312 1.25 mg/2 mg51010
BAF312 10 mg/2 mg53100
BAF312 2 mg/2 mg28010

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Pharmacokinetic Parameters of BAF312 and Selected Metabolites: Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to the Time of the Last Quantifiable Concentration (AUClast)

The pharmacokinetics of BAF312 were studied in plasma up to 504 hours post-dose at the following time points: pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 144, 216, 312, 408 and 504 hours post dose. (NCT01565902)
Timeframe: pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 144, 216, 312, 408 and 504 hours post dose.

Interventionh*ng/mL (Mean)
Mild Hepatically Impaired66.8
Moderate Hepatically Impaired52.3
Severe Hepatically Impaired71.6
Matched Healthy Subjects - Mild62.5
Matched Healthy Subjects - Moderate61.7
Matched Healthy Subjects - Severe63.4

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Pharmacokinetic Parameters of BAF312 and Selected Metabolites: Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to Infinity (AUCinf)

The pharmacokinetics of BAF312 were studied in plasma up to 504 hours post-dose at the following time points: pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 144, 216, 312, 408 and 504 hours post dose. (NCT01565902)
Timeframe: pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 144, 216, 312, 408 and 504 hours post dose.

Interventionh*ng/mL (Mean)
Mild Hepatically Impaired68.3
Moderate Hepatically Impaired53.9
Severe Hepatically Impaired73.7
Matched Healthy Subjects - Mild64.2
Matched Healthy Subjects - Moderate63.2
Matched Healthy Subjects - Severe64.9

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Pharmacokinetic Parameters of BAF312 and Selected Metabolites: Observed Maximum Plasma Concentration Following Drug Administration at Steady State (Cmax)

The pharmacokinetics of BAF312 were studied in plasma up to 504 hours post-dose at the following time points: pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 144, 216, 312, 408 and 504 hours post dose (NCT01565902)
Timeframe: pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 144, 216, 312, 408 and 504 hours post dose

Intervention(ng/mL) (Mean)
Mild Hepatically Impaired2.03
Moderate Hepatically Impaired1.54
Severe Hepatically Impaired1.58
Matched Healthy Subjects - Mild1.74
Matched Healthy Subjects - Moderate1.80
Matched Healthy Subjects - Severe1.94

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Number of Patients With Adverse Events, Serious Adverse Events and Death Adverse Events (Frequency of Adverse Events, Serious Adverse Events, and Notable Laboratory Abnormalities) of of BAF312 After a Single Dose of BAF312

Physical examination, vital signs, body temperature, standard safety laboratory evaluations (hematology, clinical chemistry, coagulation, Hepatitis B and C and HIV serology, α-fetoprotein [in hepatically impaired subjects only], pregnancy test, alcohol and drug screen), standard 12-lead electrocardiogram , cardiac monitoring, 24-h Holter ECG, suicidality assessment (C-SSRS), (serious) adverse event monitoring. (NCT01565902)
Timeframe: Day -1 to 22

,,,
InterventionParticipants (Number)
At least one AESerious Adverse EventsDeath
Matched Healthy Subjects100
Mild Hepatically Impaired000
Moderate Hepatically Impaired100
Severe Hepatically Impaired100

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Percentage of Participants With 3-month Confirmed Disibility Progression (CDP) Events as Measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)

The EDSS uses an ordinal scale to assess neurologic impairment in MS based on a neurological examination. Scores in each of 7 functional systems (Visual, Brain Stem, Pyramidal, Cerebellar, Sensory, Bowel & Bladder, and Cerebral) and an ambulation score were combined to determine the EDSS steps, ranging from 0 (normal) to 10 (death due to MS). Confirmed disability is defined as an increase of score of 1 point in patients with baseline score of 3.0 to 5.0 and 0.5 point increase with baseline score of 5.5 to 6.5. (NCT01665144)
Timeframe: Baseline, every 3 month up to the maximum of approximately 3 years

InterventionPercentage of participants (Number)
Siponimod (BAF312)26.3
Placebo31.7

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Change From Baseline at Week 12 for BAF312 2 mg, 10 mg or Placebo (Once Daily) for Combined Efficacy Endpoint: Manual Muscle Testing in 24 Muscles (MMT24)

Manual Muscle Testing Scoring Sheet: Neck flexors, neck extensors and other designated muscles bilaterally (Biceps brachii, Deltoid middle, Quadriceps, Gluteus maximus, Gluteus medius, Trapezius, Iliopsoas, Hamstrings, Wrist extensors, Wrist Flexors, Ankle plantar flexors and Ankle dorsiflexors) were tested on a 0-10 scale by the Investigator. Posterior credibility interval from Bayesian analysis displayed as confidence interval. The scores range was 0 to 260. Higher scores indicate better outcome. (NCT01801917)
Timeframe: Baseline, at 12 weeks

Interventionscores on a scale (Mean)
BAF312 2mg11.2
BAF312 10 mg39.0
Placebo9.1

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Percent Change From Baseline at Week 12 for BAF312 2 mg, 10 mg or Placebo (Once Daily) Serum Creatine Kinase (CK) Levels

Serum creatine kinase (CK) were analyzed as part of the blood chemistry panel. Posterior credibility interval from Bayesian analysis displayed as confidence interval. The variable CK was log-transformed for statistical analysis and after estimation was converted to percent change from baseline divided by the mean baseline (NCT01801917)
Timeframe: Baseline, at 12 weeks

InterventionU/L (Mean)
BAF312 2mg-19.7
BAF312 10 mg-55.6
Placebo-0.5

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BAF312 Trough Plasma Concentrations (PK Set)

All blood samples were taken by either direct venipuncture or an indwelling cannula inserted in a forearm vein. For each sample, approximately 2 mL of blood was drawn. BAF312 was determined in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) plasma using a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) bioanalytical method for the quantification. The anticipated lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 0.02 ng/mL using 0.1 mL of plasma (NCT01801917)
Timeframe: -7 Baseline, day 28, 56, 84

,
Interventionng/mL (Mean)
Day - 7Day 28Day 56Day 84
BAF312 10 mg0182270240
BAF312 2mg025.325.121.4

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Six-minute Walking Distance (6MWD) at Week 12

This test assessed the distance a patient could walk in 6 minutes (Rutkove et al 2002). If the patient was not able to walk for 6 minutes then a 2 minute walking test was conducted (NCT01801917)
Timeframe: Baseline, 12 weeks

,,
Interventionmeters (Mean)
Period 1, Week 12Distance walked,change from BL at Wk 12
BAF312 10 mg393.0023.00
BAF312 2mg362.4746.82
Placebo303.10-6.40

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Six-minute Walking Distance (6MWD) at Week 24

This test assessed the distance a patient could walk in 6 minutes (Rutkove et al 2002). If the patient was not able to walk for 6 minutes then a 2 minute walking test was conducted (NCT01801917)
Timeframe: Baseline, 24 weeks

,
Interventionmeters (Mean)
Period 2, Week 24Distance walked,change from baseline at Wk 24
BAF312 2mg364.6048.95
Placebo/BAF312 2 mg329.334.33

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BAF312 Plasma Concentration

(NCT02029274)
Timeframe: 6 months

Interventionng/ml (Median)
BAF312 0.5mg5.13
BAF312 2mg25.9
BAF312 10 mg54.5

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Change From Baseline in 6 Minutes Walking Distance (6-MWD) Test

(NCT02029274)
Timeframe: baseline, 6 months

Interventionmeters (Mean)
BAF312 0.5mg26.8
BAF312 2mg22.2
BAF312 10 mg7.7
Placebo4.1

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Change From Baseline in Manual Muscle Testing - 24 Muscles (MMT-24) Score

Each muscles tested was evaluated on a 0 - 10 scale where 0 indicated the weakest muscle score and 10 indicated the strongest muscle score. The total MMT24 score ranged from 0 - 240, where an increasing trend in the values indicates improvement. A positive change from baseline indicates improvement. (NCT02029274)
Timeframe: Baseline, 6 months

Interventionscore on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
BAF312 0.5mg28.286
BAF312 2mg12.367
BAF312 10 mg14.026
Placebo27.735

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Change From Baseline in Manual Muscle Testing - 24 Muscles (MMT-24) Score

Each muscles tested was evaluated on a 0-10 scale where 0 indicated the weakest muscle score and 10 indicated the strongest muscle score. the total MMT24 score ranged from 0-240, where an increasing trend in the values indicates improvement. A positive change from baseline indicates improvement. (NCT02029274)
Timeframe: baseline, 3 months

Interventionscore on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
BAF312 0.5mg26.087
BAF312 2mg21.867
BAF312 10 mg3.988
Placebo32.325

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Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Counts

Absolute lymphocyte counts (NCT02029274)
Timeframe: baseline, 6 months

,,,
Intervention10^9 cells/Liter (Mean)
Baseline6 months
BAF312 0.5mg0.8980.730
BAF312 10 mg1.2550.203
BAF312 2mg1.4100.358
Placebo1.0801.040

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Plasma BAF312 Concentrations

Blood samples will be collected to assess plasma concentrations. (NCT03338998)
Timeframe: Days 1, 8, and 14

Interventionng/mL (Geometric Mean)
Day 1 - 0.1 Hours Post I.V. Dose n=11Day 1 - 2 Hours Post I.V. Dose n=11Day 1 - 6 Hours Post I.V. Dose n=10Day 8 - 0 Hours Pre Oral Dose n=11Day 14 - 0 Hours Pre Oral Dose n=11
BAF3120.16580.56632.431381.942336.4460

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Absolute Perihematoma Edema (aPHE) Volume Measured by Computed Tomography (CT) Scan After Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH)

Following the initial diagnostic CT, repeat CT images were obtained between 24-48 h after the diagnostic scan, and on Day 7 and Day 14 to capture the trajectory of PHE increase and plateau after ICH. Only non-contrast study CT scans were obtained on Day 7 and Day 14. The non-contrast scan acquired on each patient at first follow-up (i.e. 24-48 h after the diagnostic scan) served as the baseline for our analysis. All CT scans were uploaded through a secure server, and edema and hematoma volumes were measured in a semi-automated manner by one Central Reader. (NCT03338998)
Timeframe: On Day 14 following ICH

InterventionmL (Geometric Mean)
BAF31255.09
Placebo52.50

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Number of Participants With at Least One Hospitalization During the Treatment

(NCT03623243)
Timeframe: From first dose of study drug up to last dose of study drug (up to 6 months)

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Siponimod9

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Number of Participants With at Least One Adverse Event (AE)

AE is any untoward sign or symptom that occurs during the study treatment plus 30 days post treatment. (NCT03623243)
Timeframe: From first dose of study drug up to 30 days after last dose of study drug (up to 7 months)

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Siponimod138

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Change in Heart Rate From Baseline to 6 Hours After First Treatment

Heart rate was evaluated from the time of initial dose intake until 6 hours post dose intake via heart monitor. (NCT03623243)
Timeframe: From the first dose up to 6 hours

Interventionbeats per minute (bpm) (Mean)
Siponimod2.47

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Change From Baseline in Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM-9)

TSQM-9 measures participant satisfaction with the medication in 3 domains: Effectiveness, convenience, and global satisfaction. The scores were computed by adding items for each domain, i.e., 1 to 3 for effectiveness, 4 to 6 for convenience, and 7 to 9 for global satisfaction. The lowest possible score (1 for each item and 3 for all 3 subscales) was subtracted from the composite score and divided by the greatest possible score range. The greatest range was (7-1) x 3 items = 18 for effectiveness and convenience, and (5-1) x 3 items = 12 for global satisfaction. This provided a transformed score between 0 and 1 that was then multiplied by 100. TSQM-9 domain scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction for that domain. A positive change from baseline indicates improvement. (NCT03623243)
Timeframe: Baseline up to Day 168

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Change From Baseline in EffectivenessChange From Baseline in ConvenienceChange From Baseline in Global Satisfaction
Siponimod13.515.615.3

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Patient Retention Reported as Number of Participants Who Completed the Study

Patient retention was assessed over the study period. (NCT03623243)
Timeframe: From first dose of study drug up to 30 days after last dose of study drug (up to 7 months)

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Siponimod146

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