Adenosine receptor A1

An adenosine receptor A1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:WCB, UniProtKB:P30542]

Synonyms

Research

Bioassay Publications (214)

Timeframe	Studies on this Protein(%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	1 (0.47)	18.7374
1990's	12 (5.61)	18.2507
2000's	100 (46.73)	29.6817
2010's	78 (36.45)	24.3611
2020's	23 (10.75)	2.80

Compounds (117)

Drugs with Inhibition Measurements

Drug	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (mM)	Bioassay(s)	Publication(s)
9-ethyladenine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	7.4000	1	1
1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0083	9	9
1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	20,737.6376	46	48
enprofylline	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	43.0000	2	2
8-phenyltheophylline	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	1.3400	1	1
theophylline	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	17.1040	1	0
theophylline	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	6.6399	18	17
caffeine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	35.4333	15	15
cgs 15943	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0044	2	2
clotrimazole	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	13.4200	1	0
clotrimazole	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	7.8300	1	0
econazole	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	16.9240	1	0
econazole	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	9.8720	1	0
nocodazole	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	50.3300	1	0
nocodazole	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	29.4330	1	0
miconazole	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	12.5190	1	0
miconazole	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	7.3030	1	0
n 0840	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	1.1330	2	2
nifedipine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	7.7010	1	0
nifedipine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	4.4920	1	0
8-(4-((2-aminoethyl)aminocarbonylmethyloxy)phenyl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	3.6486	8	8
triiodothyronine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.4109	1	0
triiodothyronine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.2397	1	0
2-chloroadenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0075	3	3
azacitidine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	2.8450	1	2
alpha-naphthoflavone	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	1.1325	1	0
alpha-naphthoflavone	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.6606	1	0
9-benzyladenine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	100.0000	1	1
3-deazaadenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.4610	1	1
ribavirin	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	7.4100	2	2
mefloquine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	14.0440	1	1
lovastatin	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	26.7200	1	0
lovastatin	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	15.5860	1	0
adenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0023	1	1
adenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.8128	1	1
rolofylline	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0006	5	5
metrifudil	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.2224	2	4
9-methyladenine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	12.0000	1	1
7-methyladenine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	100.0000	1	1
9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adenine, (s)-isomer	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	100.0000	1	1
8-bromoadenine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	33.0000	1	1
5-methylcytidine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	8.0200	1	1
phenylisopropyladenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.8300	1	1
phenylisopropyladenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.1647	3	3
5'-n-methylcarboxamideadenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0367	1	1
n-methyladenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	6.0000	1	1
2'-o-methyladenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	3.0000	1	1
n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-n-methylcarboxamidoadenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.1908	15	15
2-chloro-n(6)cyclopentyladenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0009	2	2
2-chloro-n(6)cyclopentyladenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0062	9	9
adenosine amine congener	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0104	1	1
8-(4-carboxymethyloxy)phenyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.1750	1	1
7-bromoeudistomine d	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	7.3700	2	2
kfm 19	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0105	1	1
8-cyclopentyl-3-(3-((4-(fluorosulfonyl)benzoyl)oxy)propyl)-1-propylxanthine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0112	3	3
tecadenoson	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0082	1	1
tecadenoson	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0234	3	3
1-deazaadenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.4373	1	3
sb 203580	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	2.9500	1	0
sb 203580	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	1.7210	1	0
zm 241385	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	16,022.9053	18	18
sch 58261	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.4137	9	9
2-(4-morpholinoanilino)-6-cyclohexylaminopurine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	10.0000	1	1
regadenoson	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	5,493.4100	3	3
mrs 1067	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	10.0000	1	1
mrs 1220	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0479	1	1
mrs 1220	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.1112	3	3
adenosine-5'-(n-ethylcarboxamide)	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0007	2	2
adenosine-5'-(n-ethylcarboxamide)	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.1571	34	38
diethylstilbestrol	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	2.8560	1	0
diethylstilbestrol	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	1.6660	1	0
roflumilast	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	1.0000	1	1
wr-142,490	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.2513	3	3
n(6)-cyclopentyladenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.0027	1	1
n(6)-cyclopentyladenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0069	11	11
tamoxifen	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	23.7670	1	0
tamoxifen	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	13.8640	1	0
5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-N-ethyl-3,4-dihydroxy-2-oxolanecarboxamide	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0140	1	1
fk 838	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0120	1	1
2-chloro-n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)adenosine-5'-n-methyluronamide	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.4861	23	25
adenosine-5'-(N-propyl)carboxamide	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0120	1	1
2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino)-5'-n-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	1.3899	9	9
mrs 1523	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	10.0000	1	1
genistein	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	19.9040	1	0
genistein	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	11.6110	1	0
naloxone	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	50.0000	1	1
mre 3008-f20	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	1.1731	8	8
istradefylline	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	1.9050	13	13
osip 339391	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.1747	3	3
psb 1115	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	10.0000	2	2
8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	10.0000	1	1
isoalloxazine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	100.0000	1	1
enkephalin, ala(2)-mephe(4)-gly(5)-	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	100.0000	1	1
7-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.3234	3	3
ciproxifan	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	1.0000	1	1
bw a1433	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.1400	1	1
fk 453	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0063	3	3
kf 17837	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	10.0000	1	1
gw 1929	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	14.9660	1	0
gw 1929	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	8.7300	1	0
mrs 1754	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.3817	9	9
binodenoson	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	32.0563	3	3
atl 146e	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0770	1	1
rwj 68354	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	0.8870	1	0
rwj 68354	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.5180	1	0
st 1535	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0807	4	4
n-((1s,trans)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl)adenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0039	1	1
2-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethoxy)adenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	10.0000	1	1
bay-68-4986	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0014	1	1
4-n-butyl-1-(4-(2-methylphenyl)-4-oxo-1-butyl)-piperidine hydrogen chloride	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	1.0000	2	2
2-(2-furanyl)-7-(2-(4-(4-(2-methoxyethoxy)phenyl)-1-piperazinyl)ethyl)-7h-pyrazolo(4,3-e)(1,2,4)triazolo(1,5-c)pyrimidine-5-amine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.8433	5	6
vuf 8504	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	10.0000	1	1
n(6)-(2,2-diphenylethyl)adenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0500	3	3
n-cyclopropyl adenosine-5'-carboxamide	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0019	2	2
sch 442416	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.5567	4	4
mrs 3558	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.2600	5	5
cvt-6883	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	4.6267	3	3
ino-8875	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0010	2	2
tozadenant	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	1.9533	6	6
psb 36	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0007	2	2
lj 529	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.1930	8	8
a 803467	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	10.0000	1	1
v 2006	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0680	2	2
psb603	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	10.0000	1	1
sildenafil	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	1.4930	1	0
sildenafil	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.8710	1	0
psb 11	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	1.6400	2	2
n-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-2-(5-(2,6-dioxo-1,3-dipropyl-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1h-purin-8-yl)-1-methyl-1h-pyrazol-3-yloxy)-acetamide	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.2069	7	7
luf 5834	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0026	1	1

Drugs with Activation Measurements

Drug	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (mM)	Bioassay(s)	Publication(s)
1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.4674	2	2
1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	0.0031	3	2
theophylline	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	12.0000	1	1
caffeine	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	45.0000	1	1
cgs 15943	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	0.0754	1	0
1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	5.9000	1	1
tinoridine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	10.3000	1	1
8-(4-((2-aminoethyl)aminocarbonylmethyloxy)phenyl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	0.0147	1	0
adenosine monophosphate	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.5000	1	1
6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	2.2100	1	1
adenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.6588	8	8
adenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	0.2951	1	1
rolofylline	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	0.0114	1	0
phenylisopropyladenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	1.2000	1	1
2'-o-methyladenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	3.0000	1	1
pd 81723	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	8.1730	5	6
pd 81723	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	0.0012	3	3
2-chloro-n(6)cyclopentyladenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.0727	3	3
8-cyclopentyl-3-(3-((4-(fluorosulfonyl)benzoyl)oxy)propyl)-1-propylxanthine	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	0.0005	3	4
zm 241385	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	0.0615	3	3
mrs 1220	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.0479	1	1
mrs 1220	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	0.0158	1	1
adenosine-5'-(n-ethylcarboxamide)	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.0740	17	17
adenosine-5'-(n-ethylcarboxamide)	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	0.8143	7	7
n(6)-cyclopentyladenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.0052	2	2
sch-202676	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	2.8000	1	1
5-amino-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-1-thieno[3,4-d]pyridazinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	4.3000	1	1
5-amino-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-1-thieno[3,4-d]pyridazinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	0.1995	1	1
2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino)-5'-n-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	215.7980	3	3
mrs 1754	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	67.6083	1	1
5-amino-4-oxo-3-phenyl-1-thieno[3,4-d]pyridazinecarboxylic acid	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	9.8000	1	1
n-((1s,trans)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl)adenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.0059	1	1
bay-68-4986	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.0006	2	2
psb 36	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	0.0006	1	0
v 2006	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	0.1000	1	1
luf 5834	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	0.0046	1	1

Drugs with Other Measurements

Drug	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (mM)	Bioassay(s)	Publication(s)
8-phenyltheophylline	Homo sapiens (human)	Affinity constant	0.2000	1	1
theophylline	Homo sapiens (human)	Affinity constant	10.0000	1	1
theophylline	Homo sapiens (human)	KD hydro	2,500.0000	1	1
caffeine	Homo sapiens (human)	Affinity constant	30.0000	1	1
caffeine	Homo sapiens (human)	KD hydro	150,000.0000	1	1
1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine	Homo sapiens (human)	Affinity constant	2.0000	1	1
1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine	Homo sapiens (human)	KD hydro	19,000.0000	1	1
8-(4-((2-aminoethyl)aminocarbonylmethyloxy)phenyl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine	Homo sapiens (human)	Kb	0.0145	1	1
2-chloroadenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Affinity constant	0.0100	1	1
adenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Affinity constant	10.0050	2	2
n(6)-benzyladenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Affinity constant	0.2000	1	1
phenylisopropyladenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Affinity constant	0.0030	1	1
n(6)-phenyladenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Affinity constant	0.0030	1	1
n-methyladenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Affinity constant	0.1000	1	1
pd 81723	Homo sapiens (human)	ED50	13.6000	1	1
adenosine-5'-(n-ethylcarboxamide)	Homo sapiens (human)	Affinity constant	0.1000	1	1
adenosine-5'-(n-ethylcarboxamide)	Homo sapiens (human)	KD hydro	250.0000	1	1
n-(1-methyl-2-phenylethyl)adenosine, (s)-isomer	Homo sapiens (human)	Affinity constant	0.2000	1	1
n(6)-cyclohexyladenosine	Homo sapiens (human)	Affinity constant	0.0030	1	1
sch 442416	Homo sapiens (human)	INH	1.1110	1	1
v 2006	Homo sapiens (human)	KA	0.0950	1	1

Enables

This protein enables 8 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
G protein-coupled receptor binding	molecular function	Binding to a G protein-coupled receptor. [GOC:ceb, GOC:dph]
purine nucleoside binding	molecular function	Binding to a purine nucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose. [GOC:hjd]
protein binding	molecular function	Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators]
heat shock protein binding	molecular function	Binding to a heat shock protein, a protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]
G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding	molecular function	Binding to a complex of G-protein beta/gamma subunits. [GOC:nln, GOC:vw]
heterotrimeric G-protein binding	molecular function	Binding to a heterotrimeric G-protein. [GOC:nln]
protein heterodimerization activity	molecular function	Binding to a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer. [GOC:ai]
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor activity	molecular function	Combining with adenosine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, PMID:9755289]

Located In

This protein is located in 11 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
plasma membrane	cellular component	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363]
basolateral plasma membrane	cellular component	The region of the plasma membrane that includes the basal end and sides of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis. [GOC:go_curators]
axolemma	cellular component	The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding an axon; it is a specialized trilaminar random mosaic of protein molecules floating within a fluid matrix of highly mobile phospholipid molecules, 7-8 nm in thickness. [http://www.medik.sk/clanky/bio_jun.htm, ISBN:0124325653]
asymmetric synapse	cellular component	A type of synapse occurring between an axon and a dendritic spine or dendritic shaft. Asymmetric synapses, the most abundant synapse type in the central nervous system, involve axons that contain predominantly spherical vesicles and contain a thickened postsynaptic density. Most or all synapses of this type are excitatory. [GOC:dgh, GOC:ef]
presynaptic membrane	cellular component	A specialized area of membrane of the axon terminal that faces the plasma membrane of the neuron or muscle fiber with which the axon terminal establishes a synaptic junction; many synaptic junctions exhibit structural presynaptic characteristics, such as conical, electron-dense internal protrusions, that distinguish it from the remainder of the axon plasma membrane. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815316194]
neuronal cell body	cellular component	The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites. [GOC:go_curators]
terminal bouton	cellular component	Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal bouton is a specialized region of it. [GOC:dph, GOC:mc, GOC:nln, PMID:10218156, PMID:8409967]
dendritic spine	cellular component	A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment, typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable:they can be thin, stubby, mushroom, or branched, with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity. [GOC:nln]
calyx of Held	cellular component	The terminal specialization of a calyciferous axon which forms large synapses in the mammalian auditory central nervous system. [NIF_Subcellular:sao1684283879, PMID:11823805]
postsynaptic membrane	cellular component	A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters cross the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane. [ISBN:0198506732]
presynaptic active zone	cellular component	A specialized region of the plasma membrane and cell cortex of a presynaptic neuron; encompasses a region of the plasma membrane where synaptic vesicles dock and fuse, and a specialized cortical cytoskeletal matrix. [GOC:dh, GOC:dl, GOC:ef, GOC:jid, GOC:pr, PMID:3152289]

Active In

This protein is active in 3 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
plasma membrane	cellular component	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363]
synapse	cellular component	The junction between an axon of one neuron and a dendrite of another neuron, a muscle fiber or a glial cell. As the axon approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic terminal bouton, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the terminal bouton is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic terminal bouton secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane. [GOC:aruk, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:24619342, PMID:29383328, PMID:31998110]
dendrite	cellular component	A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, morphology. Dendrites receive and integrate signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conduct nerve impulses towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:dos, GOC:mah, GOC:nln, ISBN:0198506732]

Involved In

This protein is involved in 51 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
temperature homeostasis	biological process	A homeostatic process in which an organism modulates its internal body temperature. [GOC:jl]
response to hypoxia	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. [GOC:hjd]
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor signaling pathway	biological process	The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a receptor binding to extracellular adenosine and transmitting the signal to a heterotrimeric G-protein complex to initiate a change in cell activity. [GOC:dph]
regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange by nervous system process	biological process	A process carried out by the nervous system that is required for the proper control of respiratory gaseous exchange. This process occurs in the respiratory center of the brain in vertebrates. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:12458206]
negative regulation of acute inflammatory response	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response. [GOC:add]
negative regulation of leukocyte migration	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte migration. [GOC:add]
positive regulation of peptide secretion	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of peptide secretion. [GOC:add]
positive regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure	biological process	The process that increases the force with which blood travels through the systemic arterial circulatory system. [GOC:mtg_cardio]
negative regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure	biological process	The process that reduces the force with which blood travels through the systemic arterial circulatory system. [GOC:mtg_cardio]
regulation of glomerular filtration	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular filtration. Glomerular filtration is the process in which blood is filtered by the glomerulus into the renal tubule. [GOC:mtg_cardio]
protein targeting to membrane	biological process	The process of directing proteins towards a membrane, usually using signals contained within the protein. [GOC:curators]
phagocytosis	biological process	A vesicle-mediated transport process that results in the engulfment of external particulate material by phagocytes and their delivery to the lysosome. The particles are initially contained within phagocytic vacuoles (phagosomes), which then fuse with primary lysosomes to effect digestion of the particles. [ISBN:0198506732]
inflammatory response	biological process	The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages. [GO_REF:0000022, ISBN:0198506732]
signal transduction	biological process	The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11]
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	biological process	A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway in which the signal is transmitted via the inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity and a subsequent decrease in the intracellular concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP). [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:signaling, GOC:tb, ISBN:0815316194]
cell-cell signaling	biological process	Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another. This process includes signal transduction in the receiving cell and, where applicable, release of a ligand and any processes that actively facilitate its transport and presentation to the receiving cell. Examples include signaling via soluble ligands, via cell adhesion molecules and via gap junctions. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]
nervous system development	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state. [GOC:dgh]
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation. [GOC:go_curators]
response to inorganic substance	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an inorganic substance stimulus. [GOC:sm]
negative regulation of glutamate secretion	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of glutamate. [GOC:ef]
response to purine-containing compound	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a purine-containing compound stimulus. [GOC:ef]
lipid catabolic process	biological process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. [GOC:go_curators]
negative regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of GABAergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). [GOC:mah]
positive regulation of nucleoside transport	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a nucleoside into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:mah]
negative regulation of neurotrophin production	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of production of a neurotrophin. [GOC:mah]
positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a protein. [GOC:bf]
vasodilation	biological process	An increase in the internal diameter of blood vessels, especially arterioles or capillaries, due to relaxation of smooth muscle cells that line the vessels, and usually resulting in a decrease in blood pressure. [GOC:pr, ISBN:0192800981]
negative regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the duration or quality of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. [GOC:jl]
negative regulation of apoptotic process	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]
positive regulation of potassium ion transport	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:jl]
positive regulation of MAPK cascade	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the MAPK cascade. [GOC:go_curators]
negative regulation of hormone secretion	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell. [GOC:ai]
cognition	biological process	The operation of the mind by which an organism becomes aware of objects of thought or perception; it includes the mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory. [ISBN:0721619908]
leukocyte migration	biological process	The movement of a leukocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:14680625, PMID:14708592, PMID:7507411, PMID:8600538]
detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain	biological process	The series of events involved in the perception of pain in which a temperature stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. [GOC:ai, GOC:dos]
negative regulation of lipid catabolic process	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids. [GOC:ai]
positive regulation of lipid catabolic process	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids. [GOC:ai]
regulation of sensory perception of pain	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the sensory perception of pain, the series of events required for an organism to receive a painful stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. [GOC:ai]
negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate. [GOC:ai]
fatty acid homeostasis	biological process	Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of fatty acid within an organism or cell. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]
excitatory postsynaptic potential	biological process	A process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential. [GOC:dph, GOC:ef]
long-term synaptic depression	biological process	A process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the decrease in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse. [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph]
mucus secretion	biological process	The regulated release of mucus by the mucosa. Mucus is a viscous slimy secretion consisting of mucins and various inorganic salts dissolved in water, with suspended epithelial cells and leukocytes. The mucosa, or mucous membrane, is the membrane covered with epithelium that lines the tubular organs of the body. Mucins are carbohydrate-rich glycoproteins that have a lubricating and protective function. [GOC:add, ISBN:068340007X, ISBN:0721662544]
negative regulation of mucus secretion	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of mucus from a cell or a tissue. [GOC:add]
triglyceride homeostasis	biological process	Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of triglyceride within an organism or cell. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]
regulation of cardiac muscle cell contraction	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell contraction. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11]
apoptotic signaling pathway	biological process	The series of molecular signals which triggers the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of a signal, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]
regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration	biological process	Any process that regulates the concentration of calcium in the presynaptic cytosol. [GOC:dos]
negative regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of long-term synaptic potentiation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:TermGenie]
negative regulation of long-term synaptic depression	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of long term synaptic depression. [GOC:BHF, GOC:TermGenie]
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	biological process	The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to its receptor, in which the activated receptor promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, PMID:16902576, PMID:24568158, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor]