glycogen and Myocarditis

Topics: Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Glucose; Glucosyltransferases; Glycogen; Glycolysis; Heart Diseases; Heart Failure; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoxia; Ketone Bodies; Lipid Metabolism; Myocarditis; Myocardium; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Phosphofructokinase-1; Pyruvates; Triglycerides

In patients and animals with sepsis or critical illness, the mechanical function of the heart is often impaired. Although these conditions are accompanied by dramatic metabolic and hormonal changes, little is known about alterations of cardiac metabolism. In this study, we assessed the impact of an endotoxin-induced inflammation on cardiac glucose utilization.. Bacterial endotoxin (1 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella typhimurium, LPS) was injected intravenously to rats. Six hours after LPS application, hearts were isolated and perfused in the Langendorff mode.. Left ventricular pressure was reduced by 50% in hearts from LPS-treated rats, compared to those from saline-injected control animals. With glucose as the sole fuel, there was no difference in glycolysis between the groups. However, on addition of beta-hydroxybutyrate (an alternative fuel which inhibits phosphofructokinase via an increased citrate level), the glycolytic rate in the LPS group was 44 and 48% lower (in basal, and insulin-stimulated conditions, respectively; P<0.01) than in control hearts. At the end of perfusions with beta-hydroxybutyrate and insulin, the cardiac citrate content was 40% higher in LPS vs. controls (P<0.001). In addition to the reduced glycolysis, the insulin-dependent increase of cardiac glycogen was 77% smaller in LPS hearts. The difference between LPS and control glycolysis was abolished if the hearts were perfused with the ceramidase inhibitor N-oleyl-ethanolamine (5 microM), and also with the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor NS-398 (10 microM), or the thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist SQ-29548 (1 microM).. The inflammatory reaction caused by endotoxin impairs cardiac glucose metabolism (and in particular, the action of insulin) in at least two ways: through the exacerbation of the counterregulatory effect of alternative fuels on glycolysis, and through a reduction in net glycogen synthesis. Impairment of glycolysis may be mediated by a sphingomyelin derivative, and COX-2-derived thromboxane A2.

Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Glucose; Glycogen; Glycolysis; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Myocardial Contraction; Myocarditis; Myocardium; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Salmonella Infections; Salmonella typhimurium; Ventricular Pressure

Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Dogs; Glycogen; Heart Atria; Hyperglycemia; Liver Glycogen; Myocarditis; Myocardium; Scorpion Venoms

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Coronary Disease; Female; Glycogen; Glycolysis; Heart Conduction System; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged; Myocarditis; Myocardium; Pentosephosphates; Purkinje Fibers; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Amyloid; Calcium; Cardiomegaly; Cardiomyopathies; Collagen Diseases; Eosinophilia; Glycogen; Humans; Iron; Lipid Metabolism; Myocarditis; Myocardium; Sarcoidosis

Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Cardiac Glycosides; Epinephrine; Glycogen; Myocarditis; Myocardium; Phosphocreatine; Phosphorus; Rats; Strophanthins

Topics: Animals; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Dogs; Glycogen; Heart; Isoproterenol; Lipid Metabolism; Myocarditis; Myocardium; Potassium; Sodium

Topics: Animals; Cardiac Glycosides; Catecholamines; Glucagon; Glucose; Glycogen; Glycolysis; Guinea Pigs; Heart; Histamine; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Hypocalcemia; Hypoxia; Insulin; Lipid Metabolism; Musculoskeletal System; Myocarditis; Myocardium; Rabbits; Rats; Thyroxine

Topics: Child, Preschool; Diphtheria; Diphtheria Toxin; Electrocardiography; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase; Lactates; Lipids; Microscopy, Electron; Myocarditis; Myocardium; Nucleotidases

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Anura; Denervation; Glucosyltransferases; Glycogen; Heart; Myocarditis; Myocardium; NAD; Niacinamide

Topics: Animals; Blood Transfusion; Dextrans; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Myocarditis; Pathology; Rabbits; Radiation Injuries; Radiation Injuries, Experimental; Research

Topics: Glycogen; Myocarditis; Myocardium