Page last updated: 2024-11-12

bufotoxin

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

bufotoxin: from skin of Bufo americanus [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	20054854
SCHEMBL ID	3412208
MeSH ID	M0087525

Synonyms (19)

Synonym
bufotalin 3-suberoylarginine ester
vulgarobufotoxin
regularo-bufotoxin
bufotoxin
brn 0077579
5-beta-bufa-20,22-dienolide, 3-beta,14,16-beta-trihydroxy-, 16-acetate, 3-n(sup 2)-esterwith n(sup 2)-(7-carboxyheptanoyl)-l-arginine
4-18-00-02557 (beilstein handbook reference)
unii-l30u3vah5c
l30u3vah5c ,
464-81-3
bufa-20,22-dienolide, 16-(acetyloxy)-3-((8-(((1s)-4-((aminoiminomethyl)amino)-1-carboxybutyl)amino)-1,8-dioxooctyl)oxy)-14-hydroxy-, (3.beta.,5.beta.,16.beta.)-
5-beta-bufa-20,22-dienolide, 3-beta,14,16-beta-trihydroxy-, 16-acetate, 3-n(sup 2)-esterwith n(sup 2)-(7- carboxyheptanoyl)-l-arginine
(3.beta.,5.beta.,16.beta.)-16-(acetyloxy)-3-((8-(((1s)-4-((aminoiminomethyl)amino)-1-carboxybutyl)amino)-1,8-dioxooctyl)oxy)-14-hydroxybufa-20,22-dienolide
bufotoxin [mi]
arginine, n2-(7-carboxyheptanoyl)-, n2->3-ester with 3.beta.,14,16.beta.-trihydroxy-5.beta.-bufa-20,22-dienolide 16-acetate, l-
SCHEMBL3412208
(8-(((3s,5r,8r,9s,10s,13r,14s,16s,17r)-16-acetoxy-14-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-(2-oxo-2h-pyran-5-yl)hexadecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl)oxy)-8-oxooctanoyl)-l-arginine
(2s)-2-[[8-[[(3s,5r,8r,9s,10s,13r,14s,16s,17r)-16-acetyloxy-14-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-8-oxooctanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoic acid
AKOS040750930

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (12)

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	3 (25.00)	18.7374
1990's	3 (25.00)	18.2507
2000's	2 (16.67)	29.6817
2010's	3 (25.00)	24.3611
2020's	1 (8.33)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 57.60

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

Metric	This Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index	57.60 (24.57)
Research Supply Index	2.64 (2.92)
Research Growth Index	4.95 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index	88.06 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index	1.98 (0.95)

This Compound (57.60)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	0 (0.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	2 (15.38%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	11 (84.62%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
azelaic acid nonanedioic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is heptane substituted at positions 1 and 7 by carboxy groups.	2.15	1	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; dermatologic drug; plant metabolite
sebacic acid sebacic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is the 1,8-dicarboxy derivative of octane.	2.15	1	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid	human metabolite; plant metabolite
bufotenin Bufotenin: A hallucinogenic serotonin analog found in frog or toad skins, mushrooms, higher plants, and mammals, especially in the brains, plasma, and urine of schizophrenics. Bufotenin has been used as a tool in CNS studies and misused as a psychedelic.. bufotenin : A tertiary amine that consists of N,N-dimethyltryptamine bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at position 5.	1.98	1	tertiary amine; tryptamine alkaloid	coral metabolite; hallucinogen
gitoxin gitoxin: an isomer of digoxin; the OH group which is in the C16 position while it is in the C12 position for Digoxin. gitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is gitoxigenin in which the 3beta-hydroxy group has been glycosylated with tridigitoxose.	1.99	1	cardenolide glycoside
glucuronic acid Glucuronic Acid: A sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.. D-glucuronic acid : The D-enantiomer of glucuronic acid.. D-glucopyranuronic acid : A D-glucuronic acid in cyclic pyranose form.	2.03	1	D-glucuronic acid	algal metabolite
digoxin Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.	1.99	1	cardenolide glycoside; steroid saponin	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; epitope
bufogenin bufogenin: respiratory stimulant; from toad; structure. bufogenin : A steroid lactone of Chan su (toad venom), a Chinese medicine obtained from the skin venom gland of toads. A specific Na/K-ATPase protein inhibitor, it is used as a cardiotonic and central nervous system (CNS) respiratory agent, an analgesic and anesthetic, and as a remedy for ulcers.	2.4	2	epoxy steroid; steroid lactone	EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Bradyarrhythmia [description not available]	2.41	2
Cardiac Hypertrophy Enlargement of the HEART due to chamber HYPERTROPHY, an increase in wall thickness without an increase in the number of cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). It is the result of increase in myocyte size, mitochondrial and myofibrillar mass, as well as changes in extracellular matrix.	2.06	1
Carditis [description not available]	2.06	1
Edema, Pulmonary [description not available]	2.06	1
Emesis [description not available]	2.06	1
Colicky Pain [description not available]	2.06	1
Bradycardia Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.	2.41	2
Cardiomegaly Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.	2.06	1
Myocarditis Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies.	2.06	1
Pulmonary Edema Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening.	2.06	1
Vomiting The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH.	2.06	1
Abdominal Pain Sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony in the abdominal region.	2.06	1
Chemical Dependence [description not available]	1.98	1
Substance-Related Disorders Disorders related to substance use or abuse.	1.98	1
Muscle Contraction A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	1.99	1
Food Poisoning [description not available]	1.97	1
Asystole [description not available]	1.97	1
Heart Arrest Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation.	1.97	1

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