A cystine/glutamate transporter that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9UPY5]
Amino acid transport system xc-;
Calcium channel blocker resistance protein CCBR1;
Solute carrier family 7 member 11;
xCT
| Timeframe | Studies on this Protein(%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 0 (0.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 5 (100.00) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Drug | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Publication(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mesalamine | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 1,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| sulfapyridine | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 1,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| sulfasalazine | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 235.0400 | 4 | 4 |
| cysteine | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 116.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| cysteine | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 59.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| quisqualic acid | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 5.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| serine o-sulfate | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 26.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| homocysteic acid | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 35.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| susalimod | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 70.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| erastin | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.1800 | 3 | 3 |
This protein enables 4 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| protein binding | molecular function | Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators] |
| cystine:glutamate antiporter activity | molecular function | Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: cystine(out) + glutamate(in) = cystine(in) + glutamate(out). [TC:2.A.3.8.5] |
| L-kynurenine transmembrane transporter activity | molecular function | Enables the transfer of L-kynurenine from one side of a membrane to the other. [PMID:35245456] |
| L-amino acid transmembrane transporter activity | molecular function | Enables the transfer of an L-amino acid from one side of a membrane to the other. L-amino acids are the L-enantiomers of amino acids. [GOC:ai, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
This protein is located in 7 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| plasma membrane | cellular component | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363] |
| cell surface | cellular component | The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sm] |
| membrane | cellular component | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it and attached to it. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
| brush border membrane | cellular component | The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding the brush border. [GOC:mah] |
| microvillus membrane | cellular component | The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a microvillus. [GOC:mah] |
| apical part of cell | cellular component | The region of a polarized cell that forms a tip or is distal to a base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the apical region has an exposed surface and lies opposite to the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
| astrocyte projection | cellular component | A prolongation or process extending from the soma of an astrocyte and wrapping around neurons. [NIF_Subcellular:sao1630537580] |
This protein is involved in 34 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| glutathione metabolic process | biological process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, which acts as a coenzyme for some enzymes and as an antioxidant in the protection of sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and other proteins; it has a specific role in the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxidized ascorbate, and it participates in the gamma-glutamyl cycle. [ISBN:0198506732] |
| visual learning | biological process | Any process in an organism in which a change in behavior of an individual occurs in response to repeated exposure to a visual cue. [GOC:jid, ISBN:0582227089] |
| response to toxic substance | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxic stimulus. [GOC:lr] |
| response to organic cyclic compound | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus. [GOC:ef] |
| L-cystine transport | biological process | The directed movement of L-cystine (also known as dicysteine) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] |
| L-glutamate transmembrane transport | biological process | The directed movement of L-glutamate across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or a pore. [PMID:21307582] |
| ventricular system development | biological process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain ventricular system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The brain ventricular system consists of four communicating cavities within the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord. These cavities include two lateral ventricles, the third ventricle and the fourth ventricle. Cerebrospinal fluid fills the ventricles and is produced by the choroid plexus. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, ISBN:0838580343] |
| striatum development | biological process | The progression of the striatum over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The striatum is a region of the forebrain consisting of the caudate nucleus, putamen and fundus striati. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, ISBN:0878937420] |
| adult behavior | biological process | Behavior in a fully developed and mature organism. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0877797099] |
| regulation of neutrophil apoptotic process | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil apoptotic process. [GOC:add, GOC:mtg_apoptosis] |
| cellular response to oxidative stress | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. [GOC:mah] |
| glutathione transmembrane transport | biological process | A process in which glutathione is transported across a membrane. [GOC:mah] |
| response to nicotine | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nicotine stimulus. [GOC:bf, GOC:ef, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0582227089] |
| regulation of cell population proliferation | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation. [GOC:jl] |
| regulation of melanin biosynthetic process | biological process | Any process that alters the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of melanin. [GOC:jid] |
| lung alveolus development | biological process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the alveolus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The alveolus is a sac for holding air in the lungs; formed by the terminal dilation of air passageways. [GOC:mtg_lung, PMID:9751757] |
| modulation of chemical synaptic transmission | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency or amplitude of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse. Amplitude, in this case, refers to the change in postsynaptic membrane potential due to a single instance of synaptic transmission. [GOC:ai] |
| regulation of synapse organization | biological process | Any process that modulates the physical form of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell). [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| regulation of protein transport | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:ai] |
| response to redox state | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating redox state. Redox state refers to the balance of oxidized versus reduced forms of electron donors and acceptors in an organelle, cell or organ; plastoquinone, glutathione (GSH/GSSG), and nicotinamide nucleotides (NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH) are among the most important. [GOC:mah, PMID:15131240, PMID:16987039] |
| limb development | biological process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A limb is an appendage of an animal used for locomotion or grasping. Examples include legs, arms or some types of fin. [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, PMID:11487378] |
| lens fiber cell differentiation | biological process | The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a lens fiber cell, any of the elongated, tightly packed cells that make up the bulk of the mature lens in the camera-type eye. The cytoplasm of a lens fiber cell is devoid of most intracellular organelles including the cell nucleus, and contains primarily crystallins, a group of water-soluble proteins expressed in vary large quantities. [GOC:mah, PMID:7693735] |
| platelet aggregation | biological process | The adhesion of one platelet to one or more other platelets via adhesion molecules. [GOC:BHF, GOC:vk] |
| intracellular glutamate homeostasis | biological process | A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of glutamate within a cell. [GOC:tb] |
| L-glutamate import across plasma membrane | biological process | The directed movement of L-glutamate from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [GOC:dos] |
| negative regulation of ferroptosis | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ferroptosis. [GOC:sp, PMID:24439385, PMID:25402683, PMID:29290465] |
| dipeptide import across plasma membrane | biological process | The directed movement of a dipeptide from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [PMID:22226946] |
| L-kynurenine transmembrane transport | biological process | The directed movement of L-kynurenine across a membrane. [PMID:35245456] |
| regulation of cellular response to oxidative stress | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to oxidative stress. [GOC:mah, GOC:TermGenie] |
| regulation of cysteine metabolic process | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine metabolic process. [GOC:TermGenie] |
| regulation of glutathione biosynthetic process | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glutathione biosynthetic process. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, GOC:TermGenie] |
| regulation of AMPA glutamate receptor clustering | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of AMPA glutamate receptor clustering. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:hjd, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:21558424] |
| regulation of glutamate metabolic process | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glutamate metabolic process. [GOC:sl] |
| amino acid transmembrane transport | biological process | The process in which an amino acid is transported across a membrane. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |