Page last updated: 2024-08-07 23:50:43

Protein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta

A focal adhesion kinase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:CNA, UniProtKB:Q14289]

Synonyms

EC 2.7.10.2;
Calcium-dependent tyrosine kinase;
CADTK;
Calcium-regulated non-receptor proline-rich tyrosine kinase;
Cell adhesion kinase beta;
CAK-beta;
CAKB;
Focal adhesion kinase 2;
FADK 2;
Proline-rich tyrosine kina

Research

Bioassay Publications (23)

TimeframeStudies on this Protein(%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's0 (0.00)18.2507
2000's7 (30.43)29.6817
2010's13 (56.52)24.3611
2020's3 (13.04)2.80

Compounds (244)

Drugs with Inhibition Measurements

DrugTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Publication(s)
tyrphostin a23Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.162211
n(6),n(6)-dimethyladenineHomo sapiens (human)Ki10.000011
nu6102Homo sapiens (human)Ki10.000011
staurosporineHomo sapiens (human)IC500.009522
birb 796Homo sapiens (human)IC504.300033
7-butyl-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrazineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.933211
bosutinibHomo sapiens (human)IC500.134011
((3z)-n-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-((3,5-dimethyl-4-((4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)carbonyl)-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)-n-methyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1h-indole-5-sulfonamide)Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.010511
N-methyl-N-[2-[[[2-[(2-oxo-1,3-dihydroindol-5-yl)amino]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl]amino]methyl]phenyl]methanesulfonamideHomo sapiens (human)IC500.029455
pf 573228Homo sapiens (human)IC501.000022
pf-562,271Homo sapiens (human)IC500.010444
defactinibHomo sapiens (human)IC500.029331
1-[3-methoxy-4-[[4-(2-propan-2-ylsulfonylanilino)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl]amino]phenyl]-4-piperidinolHomo sapiens (human)IC500.280010
pf-06463922Homo sapiens (human)IC500.014011
pf-06463922Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.014010

Drugs with Activation Measurements

DrugTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Publication(s)
fasudilHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
4-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolineHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
sb 202190Homo sapiens (human)Kd10.000011
imatinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd16.666733
triciribine phosphateHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
staurosporineHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.003522
picropodophyllinHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000012
gefitinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd16.666733
lestaurtinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.390033
perifosineHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
vatalanibHomo sapiens (human)Kd16.666733
ruboxistaurinHomo sapiens (human)Kd16.666733
canertinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd16.666733
birb 796Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.990022
cyc 202Homo sapiens (human)Kd20.000022
sb 203580Homo sapiens (human)Kd10.000022
enzastaurinHomo sapiens (human)Kd20.000022
erlotinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd16.666733
lapatinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd16.666733
sorafenibHomo sapiens (human)Kd15.000044
pd 173955Homo sapiens (human)Kd5.000011
s 1033Homo sapiens (human)Kd20.000022
xl147Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
bms 387032Homo sapiens (human)Kd16.666733
sf 2370Homo sapiens (human)Kd1.360011
tandutinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd15.000044
vx-745Homo sapiens (human)Kd10.000022
dasatinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd16.666733
ha 1100Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
7-epi-hydroxystaurosporineHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.191011
zd 6474Homo sapiens (human)Kd16.666733
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1h-imidazol-2-yl)benzamideHomo sapiens (human)Kd10.000011
imd 0354Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
sirolimusHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
alvocidibHomo sapiens (human)Kd14.366733
bosutinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd15.195022
orantinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
su 11248Homo sapiens (human)Kd12.049245
palbociclibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
jnj-7706621Homo sapiens (human)Kd10.000011
vx680Homo sapiens (human)Kd11.733333
cyc 116Homo sapiens (human)Kd7.540011
everolimusHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
ekb 569Homo sapiens (human)Kd20.000022
axitinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd20.000022
temsirolimusHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
pd 184352Homo sapiens (human)Kd10.000011
on 01910Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
av 412Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
telatinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
y-39983Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
cp 547632Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
bms345541Homo sapiens (human)Kd10.000011
lenvatinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
pd 0325901Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
midostaurinHomo sapiens (human)Kd7.995044
px-866Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
ripasudilHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
osi 930Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
ki 20227Homo sapiens (human)Kd10.000011
scio-469Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
cp 724714Homo sapiens (human)Kd20.000022
pi103Homo sapiens (human)Kd10.000022
hmn-214Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
tivozanibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
hki 272Homo sapiens (human)Kd19.000022
tofacitinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd16.666733
n-(6-chloro-7-methoxy-9h-beta-carbolin-8-yl)-2-methylnicotinamideHomo sapiens (human)Kd10.000011
cediranibHomo sapiens (human)Kd20.000022
masitinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd20.000022
ly-2157299Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
pazopanibHomo sapiens (human)Kd16.666733
azd 6244Homo sapiens (human)Kd20.000022
su 14813Homo sapiens (human)Kd10.400033
bibw 2992Homo sapiens (human)Kd20.000022
binimetinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
sotrastaurinHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
aee 788Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
saracatinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
vx 702Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
crenolanibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
tg100-115Homo sapiens (human)Kd23.333323
cc 401Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
bms 599626Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
exel-7647Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
volasertibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
pha 665752Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.910011
azd 7762Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.608011
regorafenibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
6-[[5-fluoro-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyanilino)-4-pyrimidinyl]amino]-2,2-dimethyl-4H-pyrido[3,2-b][1,4]oxazin-3-oneHomo sapiens (human)Kd15.014522
brivanibHomo sapiens (human)Kd20.000022
mp470Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
rgb 286638Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
np 031112Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000012
at 7519Homo sapiens (human)Kd20.000022
bms-690514Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
bi 2536Homo sapiens (human)Kd15.155022
inno-406Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
nvp-ast487Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.520022
kw 2449Homo sapiens (human)Kd15.380022
danusertibHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.050011
abt 869Homo sapiens (human)Kd16.666733
azd 8931Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
arq 197Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
azd 1152Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
pf 00299804Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000012
ridaforolimusHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
ch 4987655Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000012
6-(5-((cyclopropylamino)carbonyl)-3-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-n-(2,2-dimethylprpyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamideHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
cc-930Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
gw 2580Homo sapiens (human)Kd10.000022
tak 285Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
idelalisibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
crizotinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd15.095022
osi 906Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
chir-265Homo sapiens (human)Kd16.666733
motesanibHomo sapiens (human)Kd20.000034
fostamatinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
trametinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
mln8054Homo sapiens (human)Kd11.333333
pf-562,271Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.079011
GDC-0879Homo sapiens (human)Kd10.000011
jnj-26483327Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
ly2603618Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
tg100801Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
dactolisibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
bgt226Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
gsk 461364Homo sapiens (human)Kd20.000022
azd 1152-hqpaHomo sapiens (human)Kd16.666733
nvp-tae684Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.001111
enmd 2076Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
e 7050Homo sapiens (human)Kd1.006011
2-amino-8-ethyl-4-methyl-6-(1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-7-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidinoneHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
tak-901Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.190011
gdc-0973Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
buparlisibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
azd 1480Homo sapiens (human)Kd1.884011
azd8330Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
pha 848125Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
ro5126766Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
fedratinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd15.110022
gsk690693Homo sapiens (human)Kd20.000022
14-methyl-20-oxa-5,7,14,26-tetraazatetracyclo(19.3.1.1(2,6).1(8,12))heptacosa-1(25),2(26),3,5,8(27),9,11,16,21,23-decaeneHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
azd5438Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
pf 04217903Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
gdc 0941Homo sapiens (human)Kd20.000022
icotinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
ph 797804Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
kx-01Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
plx 4720Homo sapiens (human)Kd10.000011
mk 5108Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.343011
cx 4945Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
cudc 101Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
arry-614Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.414011
tak 593Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
mln 8237Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
sgx 523Homo sapiens (human)Kd20.000022
bms 754807Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.098011
bms 777607Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
sgi 1776Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
pci 32765Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
ponatinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.295011
amg 900Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
mk-1775Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
AMG-208Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
quizartinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd16.666733
at13148Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
tak 733Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
mk 2206Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
sns 314Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
lucitanibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
pf-04691502Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
n-(cyanomethyl)-4-(2-((4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl)amino)-4-pyrimidinyl)benzamideHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
dcc-2036Homo sapiens (human)Kd9.240011
cabozantinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
defactinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.423011
ly2584702Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
incb-018424Homo sapiens (human)Kd20.000022
poziotinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
asp3026Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.273011
entrectinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
pexidartinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
TAK-580Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
gsk 2126458Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
emd1214063Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
gsk 1838705aHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.076011
pf 3758309Homo sapiens (human)Kd1.400011
gdc 0980Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
azd2014Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
(5-(2,4-bis((3s)-3-methylmorpholin-4-yl)pyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-7-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl)methanolHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
plx4032Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
gsk 1363089Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.337522
arry-334543Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
kin-193Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
mk 2461Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
bay 869766Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
as 703026Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
baricitinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
dabrafenibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
pki 587Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
n-(3-fluoro-4-((1-methyl-6-(1h-pyrazol-4-yl)-1h-indazol-5 yl)oxy)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamideHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
ribociclibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
mk-8033Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
pha 793887Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
sb 1518Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
abemaciclibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
mk-8776Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
afuresertibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
gsk 1070916Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000012
jnj38877605Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
dinaciclibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
gilteritinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.510011
alectinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
glpg0634Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
encorafenibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
bms-911543Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
gsk2141795Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
azd8186Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
byl719Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
cep-32496Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
rociletinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
ceritinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd18.357011
azd1208Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
vx-509Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
debio 1347Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
volitinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
osimertinibHomo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
at 9283Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
otssp167Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.030011
chir 258Homo sapiens (human)Kd16.666733
osi 027Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000012
hesperadinHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.010011
nintedanibHomo sapiens (human)Kd15.040522
bay 80-6946Homo sapiens (human)Kd30.000011
pp242Homo sapiens (human)Kd10.000011

Enables

This protein enables 10 target(s):

TargetCategoryDefinition
calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activitymolecular functionCalmodulin-dependent catalysis of the reactions: ATP + a protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate; and ATP + a protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate. [GOC:mah, PMID:11264466]
protein tyrosine kinase activitymolecular functionCatalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate. [RHEA:10596]
non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activitymolecular functionCatalysis of the reaction: ATP + protein L-tyrosine = ADP + protein L-tyrosine phosphate by a non-membrane spanning protein. [EC:2.7.10.2]
protein bindingmolecular functionBinding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators]
ATP bindingmolecular functionBinding to ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. [ISBN:0198506732]
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingmolecular functionBinding to a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins. [GOC:vp]
glutamate receptor bindingmolecular functionBinding to a glutamate receptor. [GOC:bf]
3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase bindingmolecular functionBinding to a 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase. [GOC:jl]
protein-containing complex bindingmolecular functionBinding to a macromolecular complex. [GOC:jl]
neurotransmitter receptor regulator activitymolecular functionA molecular function that directly (via physical interaction or direct modification) activates, inhibits or otherwise modulates the activity of a neurotransmitter receptor. Modulation of activity includes changes in desensitization rate, ligand affinity, ion selectivity and pore-opening/closing. [GOC:dos, PMID:12740117, PMID:18387948]

Located In

This protein is located in 18 target(s):

TargetCategoryDefinition
nucleuscellular componentA membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators]
cytoplasmcellular componentThe contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684]
cytosolcellular componentThe part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. [GOC:hjd, GOC:jl]
cytoskeletoncellular componentA cellular structure that forms the internal framework of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The cytoskeleton includes intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles. [GOC:mah, PMID:16959967, PMID:27419875]
focal adhesioncellular componentA cell-substrate junction that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments. In insects focal adhesion has also been referred to as hemi-adherens junction (HAJ). [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, ISBN:0124325653, ISBN:0815316208, PMID:10419689, PMID:12191915, PMID:15246682, PMID:1643657, PMID:16805308, PMID:19197329, PMID:23033047, PMID:26923917, PMID:28796323, PMID:8314002]
cell cortexcellular componentThe region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194]
postsynaptic densitycellular componentAn electron dense network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of an asymmetric, neuron-neuron synapse. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dos, GOC:ef, GOC:jid, GOC:pr, GOC:sjp, http://molneuro.kaist.ac.kr/psd, PMID:14532281, Wikipedia:Postsynaptic_density]
lamellipodiumcellular componentA thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments. [ISBN:0815316194]
dendritecellular componentA neuron projection that has a short, tapering, morphology. Dendrites receive and integrate signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conduct nerve impulses towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:dos, GOC:mah, GOC:nln, ISBN:0198506732]
growth conecellular componentThe migrating motile tip of a growing neuron projection, where actin accumulates, and the actin cytoskeleton is the most dynamic. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, ISBN:0815316194, PMID:10082468]
neuronal cell bodycellular componentThe portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites. [GOC:go_curators]
cell bodycellular componentThe portion of a cell bearing surface projections such as axons, dendrites, cilia, or flagella that includes the nucleus, but excludes all cell projections. [GOC:go_curators]
perinuclear region of cytoplasmcellular componentCytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus. [GOC:jid]
apical dendritecellular componentA dendrite that emerges near the apical pole of a neuron. In bipolar neurons, apical dendrites are located on the opposite side of the soma from the axon. [NIF_Subcellular:sao273773228]
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapsecellular componentA synapse between the Schaffer collateral axon of a CA3 pyramidal cell and a CA1 pyramidal cell. [PMID:16399689]
presynapsecellular componentThe part of a synapse that is part of the presynaptic cell. [GOC:dos]
glutamatergic synapsecellular componentA synapse that uses glutamate as a neurotransmitter. [GOC:dos]
postsynaptic density, intracellular componentcellular componentA network of proteins adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane forming an electron dense disc. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize neurotransmitter receptors in the adjacent membrane, such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. [GOC:dos]

Active In

This protein is active in 3 target(s):

TargetCategoryDefinition
dendritic spinecellular componentA small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment, typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable:they can be thin, stubby, mushroom, or branched, with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity. [GOC:nln]
focal adhesioncellular componentA cell-substrate junction that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments. In insects focal adhesion has also been referred to as hemi-adherens junction (HAJ). [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, ISBN:0124325653, ISBN:0815316208, PMID:10419689, PMID:12191915, PMID:15246682, PMID:1643657, PMID:16805308, PMID:19197329, PMID:23033047, PMID:26923917, PMID:28796323, PMID:8314002]
plasma membranecellular componentThe membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363]

Part Of

This protein is part of 1 target(s):

TargetCategoryDefinition
NMDA selective glutamate receptor complexcellular componentAn assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. NMDA receptors are composed of assemblies of NR1 subunits (Figure 3) and NR2 subunits, which can be one of four separate gene products (NR2A-D). Expression of both subunits are required to form functional channels. The glutamate binding domain is formed at the junction of NR1 and NR2 subunits. NMDA receptors are permeable to calcium ions as well as being permeable to other ions. Thus NMDA receptor activation leads to a calcium influx into the post-synaptic cells, a signal thought to be crucial for the induction of NMDA-receptor dependent LTP and LTD. [http://www.bris.ac.uk/Depts/Synaptic/info/glutamate.html]

Involved In

This protein is involved in 83 target(s):

TargetCategoryDefinition
MAPK cascadebiological processAn intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAP kinase (MAPK). It starts with the activation of a MAP3K, and the consecutive activation of a MPK2K and a MAPK. The cascade can also contain an additional tier: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinase in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell. [PMID:20811974, PMID:9561267]
oocyte maturationbiological processA developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an oocyte to attain its fully functional state. Oocyte maturation commences after reinitiation of meiosis commonly starting with germinal vesicle breakdown, and continues up to the second meiotic arrest prior to fertilization. [GOC:devbiol, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279054/]
response to hypoxiabiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. [GOC:hjd]
positive regulation of cell-matrix adhesionbiological processAny process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell adhesion to an extracellular matrix. [GOC:hjd]
sprouting angiogenesisbiological processThe extension of new blood vessels from existing vessels into avascular tissues, this process includes the specialization of endothelial cells into leading tip and stalk cells, proliferation and migration of the endothelial cells and cell adhesion resulting in angiogenic sprout fusion or lumen formation. [PMID:16391003, PMID:23031691]
adaptive immune responsebiological processAn immune response mediated by cells expressing specific receptors for antigens produced through a somatic diversification process, and allowing for an enhanced secondary response to subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149]
marginal zone B cell differentiationbiological processThe process in which a B cell in the spleen acquires the specialized features of a marginal zone B cell. Marginal zone B cells are localized in a distinct anatomical region of the spleen that represents the major antigen-filtering and scavenging area (by specialized macrophages resident there). It appears that they are preselected to express a BCR repertoire similar to B-1 B cells, biased toward bacterial cell wall constituents and senescent self-components (such as oxidized LDL). [GOC:jal, ISBN:0781735149]
response to ischemiabiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a inadequate blood supply. [GOC:hjd]
protein phosphorylationbiological processThe process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein. [GOC:hb]
apoptotic processbiological processA programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. [GOC:cjm, GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:18846107, PMID:21494263]
cellular defense responsebiological processA defense response that is mediated by cells. [GOC:ebc]
signal transductionbiological processThe cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11]
cell surface receptor signaling pathwaybiological processThe series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to a receptor located on the cell surface. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:signaling]
signal complex assemblybiological processThe aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a complex capable of relaying a signal within a cell. [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling, PMID:9646862]
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentrationbiological processAny process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol. [GOC:ai]
integrin-mediated signaling pathwaybiological processThe series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to an integrin on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling]
positive regulation of cell population proliferationbiological processAny process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation. [GOC:go_curators]
negative regulation of cell population proliferationbiological processAny process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation. [GOC:go_curators]
regulation of cell shapebiological processAny process that modulates the surface configuration of a cell. [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb]
response to xenobiotic stimulusbiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a xenobiotic, a compound foreign to the organim exposed to it. It may be synthesized by another organism (like ampicilin) or it can be a synthetic chemical. [GOC:jl, GOC:krc]
response to mechanical stimulusbiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus. [GOC:hb]
response to hormonebiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hormone stimulus. [GOC:jl]
response to glucosebiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus. [GOC:jl]
positive regulation of endothelial cell migrationbiological processAny process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
negative regulation of muscle cell apoptotic processbiological processAny process that decreases the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb]
regulation of macrophage chemotaxisbiological processAny process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage chemotaxis. Macrophage chemotaxis is the movement of a macrophage in response to an external stimulus. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
positive regulation of neuron projection developmentbiological processAny process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites). [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
glial cell proliferationbiological processThe multiplication or reproduction of glial cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. Glial cells exist throughout the nervous system, and include Schwann cells, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes among others. [GOC:ef, ISBN:0878932585]
peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationbiological processThe phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-O4'-phospho-L-tyrosine. [RESID:AA0039]
regulation of cell adhesionbiological processAny process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell or to the extracellular matrix. [GOC:mah]
positive regulation of cell growthbiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth. [GOC:go_curators]
positive regulation of cell migrationbiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration. [GOC:go_curators]
negative regulation of bone mineralizationbiological processAny process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bone mineralization. [GOC:go_curators]
positive regulation of actin filament polymerizationbiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of actin polymerization. [GOC:mah]
cortical cytoskeleton organizationbiological processA process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures in the cell cortex, i.e. just beneath the plasma membrane. [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah]
neuron projection developmentbiological processThe process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites). [GOC:mah]
regulation of actin cytoskeleton organizationbiological processAny process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins. [GOC:mah]
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathwaybiological processThe series of molecular signals initiated by tumor necrosis factor binding to its receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling]
ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathwaybiological processThe series of molecular signals initiated by glutamate binding to a glutamate receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by the movement of ions through a channel in the receptor complex, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:signaling, ISBN:0198506732]
response to immobilization stressbiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of being rendered immobile. [GOC:bf, PMID:17683801, PMID:19893991]
peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylationbiological processThe phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own tyrosine amino acid residues, or a tyrosine residue on an identical protein. [PMID:10037737, PMID:10068444, PMID:10940390]
response to cocainebiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cocaine stimulus. Cocaine is a crystalline alkaloid obtained from the leaves of the coca plant. [GOC:ef, GOC:jl]
response to hydrogen peroxidebiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulus. [GOC:jl]
activation of Janus kinase activitybiological processThe process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a JAK (Janus Activated Kinase) protein, thereby activating it. [GOC:jl, PMID:12479803]
negative regulation of apoptotic processbiological processAny process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]
stress fiber assemblybiological processThe aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a stress fiber. A stress fiber is a contractile actin filament bundle that consists of short actin filaments with alternating polarity. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mah, PMID:16651381]
response to cation stressbiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of cation stress, an increase or decrease in the concentration of positively charged ions in the environment. [GOC:jl, PMID:14762213]
negative regulation of potassium ion transportbiological processAny process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:jl]
negative regulation of neuron apoptotic processbiological processAny process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]
blood vessel endothelial cell migrationbiological processThe orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix in order to form new blood vessels during angiogenesis. [PMID:11166264]
positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic processbiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide. [GOC:go_curators]
bone resorptionbiological processThe process in which specialized cells known as osteoclasts degrade the organic and inorganic portions of bone, and endocytose and transport the degradation products. [GOC:mah, PMID:10968780]
response to ethanolbiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ethanol stimulus. [GOC:go_curators]
negative regulation of myeloid cell differentiationbiological processAny process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid cell differentiation. [GOC:go_curators]
positive regulation of translationbiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb]
positive regulation of angiogenesisbiological processAny process that activates or increases angiogenesis. [GOC:go_curators]
positive regulation of protein kinase activitybiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity. [GOC:go_curators]
positive regulation of JNK cascadebiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade. [GOC:bf]
protein autophosphorylationbiological processThe phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues (cis-autophosphorylation), or residues on an identical protein (trans-autophosphorylation). [ISBN:0198506732]
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathwaybiological processThe series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) on the surface of the target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:ceb, GOC:signaling]
focal adhesion assemblybiological processThe aggregation and bonding together of a set of components to form a focal adhesion, a complex of intracellular signaling and structural proteins that provides a structural link between the internal actin cytoskeleton and the ECM, and also function as a locus of signal transduction activity. [GOC:jid, GOC:mah]
regulation of synaptic plasticitybiological processA process that modulates synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require. They may alter function, such as increasing or decreasing their sensitivity, or they may increase or decrease in actual numbers. [GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:tb, PMID:11891290]
regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosolbiological processAny process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the release into the cytosolic compartment of calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria. [GOC:ai, GOC:tb]
response to cAMPbiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate) stimulus. [GOC:ai]
response to calcium ionbiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a calcium ion stimulus. [GOC:ai]
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergicbiological processAny process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate. [GOC:ai]
long-term synaptic potentiationbiological processA process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the increase in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse. [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph]
long-term synaptic depressionbiological processA process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the decrease in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse. [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph]
protein-containing complex assemblybiological processThe aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of macromolecules to form a protein-containing complex. [GOC:jl]
chemokine-mediated signaling pathwaybiological processThe series of molecular signals initiated by a chemokine binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling]
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadebiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. [GOC:mah]
cellular response to retinoic acidbiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a retinoic acid stimulus. [GOC:mah]
cellular response to fluid shear stressbiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fluid shear stress stimulus. Fluid shear stress is the force acting on an object in a system where the fluid is moving across a solid surface. [GOC:mah]
endothelin receptor signaling pathwaybiological processA G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by endothelin binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:bf, GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11, PMID:10977869]
regulation of postsynaptic density assemblybiological processAny process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of postsynaptic density assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a postsynaptic density. [GOC:dos]
postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmissionbiological processAny process, acting in the postsynapse that results in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission. [GOC:dos]
regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic processbiological processAny process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. [GOC:BHF]
positive regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic processbiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. [GOC:BHF]
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processbiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species metabolic process. [GOC:mah]
positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potentialbiological processAny process that enhances the establishment or increases the extent of the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) which is a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential. [GOC:bf, GOC:BHF]
positive regulation of B cell chemotaxisbiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of B cell chemotaxis. [GOC:obol]
positive regulation of DNA biosynthetic processbiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA biosynthetic process. [GOC:obol]
epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathwaybiological processThe series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to the tyrosine kinase receptor EGFR (ERBB1) on the surface of a cell. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:ceb]