A protein argonaute-2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9UKV8]
Argonaute2;
hAgo2;
EC 3.1.26.n2;
Argonaute RISC catalytic component 2;
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2C 2;
eIF-2C 2;
eIF2C 2;
PAZ Piwi domain protein;
PPD;
Protein slicer
| Timeframe | Studies on this Protein(%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 0 (0.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 0 (0.00) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (100.00) | 2.80 |
| Drug | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Publication(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sulfaguanidine | Homo sapiens (human) | Kd | 49.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| sulfanilamide | Homo sapiens (human) | Kd | 17.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| sulfisomidine | Homo sapiens (human) | Kd | 4.3000 | 1 | 1 |
| uridine monophosphate | Homo sapiens (human) | Kd | 15.0000 | 1 | 1 |
This protein enables 16 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| RNA 7-methylguanosine cap binding | molecular function | Binding to a 7-methylguanosine group added cotranscriptionally to the 5' end of RNA molecules transcribed by polymerase II. [GOC:krc] |
| RNA polymerase II complex binding | molecular function | Binding to an RNA polymerase II core enzyme, a multisubunit eukaryotic nuclear RNA polymerase typically composed of twelve subunits. [GOC:txnOH] |
| core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding | molecular function | Binding to a sequence of DNA that is part of a core promoter region. The core promoter is composed of the transcription start site and binding sites for the RNA polymerase and the basal transcription machinery. The transcribed region might be described as a gene, cistron, or operon. [GOC:pg, GOC:txnOH] |
| RNA binding | molecular function | Binding to an RNA molecule or a portion thereof. [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
| double-stranded RNA binding | molecular function | Binding to double-stranded RNA. [GOC:jl] |
| single-stranded RNA binding | molecular function | Binding to single-stranded RNA. [GOC:jl] |
| translation initiation factor activity | molecular function | Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide. [ISBN:0198506732] |
| RNA endonuclease activity | molecular function | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within ribonucleic acid by creating internal breaks. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] |
| protein binding | molecular function | Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators] |
| siRNA binding | molecular function | Binding to a small interfering RNA, a 21-23 nucleotide RNA that is processed from double stranded RNA (dsRNA) by an RNAse enzyme. [PMID:15066275, PMID:15066283] |
| miRNA binding | molecular function | Binding to a microRNA, a 21-23 nucleotide RNA that is processed from a stem-loop RNA precursor (pre-miRNA) that is encoded within plant and animal genomes. [PMID:15066283] |
| mRNA 3'-UTR AU-rich region binding | molecular function | Binding to a region containing frequent adenine and uridine bases within the 3' untranslated region of a mRNA molecule or in pre-mRNA intron. The ARE-binding element consensus is UUAUUUAUU. ARE-binding proteins control the stability and/or translation of mRNAs. [GOC:vw, PMID:31511872, PMID:7892223, PMID:8578590] |
| metal ion binding | molecular function | Binding to a metal ion. [GOC:ai] |
| endoribonuclease activity, cleaving siRNA-paired mRNA | molecular function | Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of the mRNA in a double-stranded RNA molecule formed by the base pairing of an mRNA with an siRNA, yielding 5'-phosphomonoesters. [GOC:mah, PMID:15105377] |
| endoribonuclease activity, cleaving miRNA-paired mRNA | molecular function | Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of the mRNA in a double-stranded RNA molecule formed by the base pairing of an mRNA with an miRNA. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:15260970, PMID:19239888] |
| mRNA cap binding | molecular function | Binding to a 7-methylguanosine (m7G) group or derivative located at the 5' end of an mRNA molecule. [GOC:dos] |
This protein is located in 9 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| P-body | cellular component | A focus in the cytoplasm where mRNAs may become inactivated by decapping or some other mechanism. Protein and RNA localized to these foci are involved in mRNA degradation, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), translational repression, and RNA-mediated gene silencing. [GOC:clt, PMID:12730603] |
| nucleus | cellular component | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators] |
| nucleoplasm | cellular component | That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus. [GOC:ma, ISBN:0124325653] |
| cytoplasm | cellular component | The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684] |
| cytosol | cellular component | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. [GOC:hjd, GOC:jl] |
| membrane | cellular component | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it and attached to it. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
| dendrite | cellular component | A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, morphology. Dendrites receive and integrate signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conduct nerve impulses towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:dos, GOC:mah, GOC:nln, ISBN:0198506732] |
| cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule | cellular component | A ribonucleoprotein granule located in the cytoplasm. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:15121898] |
| extracellular exosome | cellular component | A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:vesicles, PMID:15908444, PMID:17641064, PMID:19442504, PMID:19498381, PMID:22418571, PMID:24009894] |
This protein is active in 5 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| postsynapse | cellular component | The part of a synapse that is part of the post-synaptic cell. [GOC:dos] |
| glutamatergic synapse | cellular component | A synapse that uses glutamate as a neurotransmitter. [GOC:dos] |
| nucleus | cellular component | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators] |
| cytoplasm | cellular component | The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684] |
| cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule | cellular component | A ribonucleoprotein granule located in the cytoplasm. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:15121898] |
This protein is part of 2 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| RISC-loading complex | cellular component | A trimeric protein complex required for the formation of a mature RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). In humans the complex is composed of the endonuclease Dicer (DICER1), TRBP (TARBP2) and the Argonaute protein Ago2 (EIF2C2/AGO2). Within the complex, Dicer and TRBP are required to process precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) to mature miRNAs and then load them onto Ago2. Ago2 bound to the mature miRNA constitutes the minimal RISC and may subsequently dissociate from Dicer and TRBP. This complex has endoribonuclease activity. [GOC:ab, GOC:BHF, GOC:nc, GOC:rph, PMID:18178619, PMID:19820710] |
| RISC complex | cellular component | A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains members of the Argonaute family of proteins, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or microRNAs (miRNAs), and miRNA or siRNA-complementary mRNAs, in addition to a number of accessory factors. The RISC complex is involved in posttranscriptional repression of gene expression through downregulation of translation or induction of mRNA degradation. [PMID:10749213, PMID:15145345] |
This protein is involved in 24 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| translation | biological process | The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA or circRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA or circRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome. [GOC:go_curators] |
| translational initiation | biological process | The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. [ISBN:019879276X] |
| post-embryonic development | biological process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the organism over time, from the completion of embryonic development to the mature structure. See embryonic development. [GOC:go_curators] |
| RNA secondary structure unwinding | biological process | The process in which a secondary structure of RNA are broken or 'melted'. [PMID:17169986] |
| miRNA metabolic process | biological process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving miRNA, microRNA, a class of single-stranded RNA molecules of about 21-23 nucleotides in length, which regulates gene expression. [PMID:17993620] |
| siRNA processing | biological process | A process leading to the generation of a functional small interfering RNA (siRNA). Includes the cleavage of double-stranded RNA to form small interfering RNA molecules (siRNAs) of 21-23 nucleotides. May also include amplification of the siRNA by RNA-directed RNA polymerase. [GOC:mah, PMID:11524674, PMID:19239886, PMID:20687832] |
| regulatory ncRNA-mediated gene silencing | biological process | A process in which an regulatory non-coding RNA molecule reduces expression of target genes. This can occur pre-transcriptionally by assembly of heterochromatin and prevention of transcription or co- or post-transcriptionally by targeting RNAs for degradation or by interfering with splicing or translation. This process starts once the inhibitory RNA molecule has been transcribed, and includes processing of the RNA such as cleavage, modifications, transport from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, loading onto the RISC complex, and the effect on transcription or translation. [PMID:15020054] |
| pre-miRNA processing | biological process | A process involved in the conversion of a pre-microRNA transcript into a mature microRNA molecule. [GOC:sl, PMID:15211354] |
| P-body assembly | biological process | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a cytoplasmic mRNA processing body. [GOC:mah, PMID:17429074] |
| regulatory ncRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing | biological process | A posttranscriptional gene silencing pathway in which regulatory RNAs elicit silencing of specific target genes, either by mRNA destabilization or inhibition of translation. [GOC:ems, PMID:11201747, PMID:11713190, PMID:15020054, PMID:15066275, PMID:18771919, PMID:32885814, PMID:33184244] |
| miRNA processing | biological process | A process leading to the generation of a functional miRNA. Includes the cleavage of stem-loop RNA precursors into microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are a class of small RNAs that primarily silence genes by blocking the translation of mRNA transcripts into protein, or by increasing the degradation of non-protein-coding RNA transcripts. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:dph, GOC:rl, GOC:tb, PMID:15066275, PMID:15066283, PMID:23985560, PMID:28379604] |
| miRNA-mediated gene silencing by inhibition of translation | biological process | An RNA interference pathway in which microRNAs (miRNAs) block the translation of target mRNAs into proteins. Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), a miRNA will typically mediate repression of translation if the miRNA imperfectly base-pairs with the 3' untranslated regions of target mRNAs. [PMID:14744438, PMID:15196554] |
| miRNA-mediated gene silencing by mRNA destabilization | biological process | An RNA interference pathway in which microRNAs (miRNAs) direct the cleavage of target mRNAs. Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), a miRNA base pairing with near-perfect complementarity to the target mRNA will typically direct targeted endonucleolytic cleavage of the mRNA. Many plant miRNAs downregulate gene expression through this mechanism. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_lung, PMID:14744438, PMID:15196554, PMID:21118121, PMID:23209154] |
| negative regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amyloid precursor protein (APP), the precursor of amyloid-beta. [GOC:go_curators] |
| positive regulation of translation | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] |
| positive regulation of angiogenesis | biological process | Any process that activates or increases angiogenesis. [GOC:go_curators] |
| positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] |
| negative regulation of translational initiation | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation. [GOC:go_curators] |
| positive regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening | biological process | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of poly(A) tail shortening of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA. Poly(A) tail shortening is the decrease in length of the poly(A) tail of an mRNA from full length to an oligo(A) length. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| RISC complex assembly | biological process | The process in which a single-stranded small RNA is incorporated within the RNA-initiated silencing complex (RISC). The assembly includes the maturation of the small RNA, the stabilization of the complex by accessory proteins of the RISC complex, duplex separation and the release of the second strand, forming a base-pairing completent complex that mediates gene silencing by small RNA. [PMID:14512631, PMID:14744438, PMID:19239886, PMID:22233755, PMID:27184117] |
| regulation of synapse maturation | biological process | Any process that modulates the extent of synapse maturation, the process that organizes a synapse so that it attains its fully functional state. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| siRNA-mediated gene silencing by mRNA destabilization | biological process | An siRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing pathway in which small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) direct the cleavage of target mRNAs. Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), an siRNA will typically direct cleavage by base pairing with perfect or near-perfect complementarity to the target mRNA. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:15260970] |
| positive regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay. [GOC:mcc, GOC:TermGenie] |
| positive regulation of trophoblast cell migration | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of trophoblast cell migration. [GOC:BHF, GOC:TermGenie] |