A calpain-2 catalytic subunit that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P17655]
EC 3.4.22.53;
Calcium-activated neutral proteinase 2;
CANP 2;
Calpain M-type;
Calpain large polypeptide L2;
Calpain-2 large subunit;
Millimolar-calpain;
M-calpain
| Timeframe | Studies on this Protein(%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 1 (20.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 1 (20.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 3 (60.00) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Drug | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Publication(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| celecoxib | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0020 | 1 | 1 |
| rofecoxib | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0200 | 1 | 1 |
| benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 0.6530 | 1 | 1 |
| benzyloxycarbonyl-phe-ala-fluormethylketone | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.6000 | 1 | 1 |
| ca 074 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 100.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| calpain inhibitor iii | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.3500 | 1 | 1 |
This protein enables 7 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| calcium-dependent cysteine-type endopeptidase activity | molecular function | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism using a cysteine residue at the enzyme active center, and requiring the presence of calcium. [GOC:mah] |
| calcium ion binding | molecular function | Binding to a calcium ion (Ca2+). [GOC:ai] |
| protein binding | molecular function | Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators] |
| cytoskeletal protein binding | molecular function | Binding to a protein component of a cytoskeleton (actin, microtubule, or intermediate filament cytoskeleton). [GOC:mah] |
| cysteine-type peptidase activity | molecular function | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile. [GOC:mah, https://www.ebi.ac.uk/merops/about/glossary.shtml#CATTYPE] |
| enzyme binding | molecular function | Binding to an enzyme, a protein with catalytic activity. [GOC:jl] |
| protein-containing complex binding | molecular function | Binding to a macromolecular complex. [GOC:jl] |
This protein is located in 16 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| nucleus | cellular component | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators] |
| cytoplasm | cellular component | The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684] |
| lysosome | cellular component | A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
| endoplasmic reticulum | cellular component | The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). [ISBN:0198506732] |
| Golgi apparatus | cellular component | A membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelle of the endomembrane system that further processes the core oligosaccharides (e.g. N-glycans) added to proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and packages them into membrane-bound vesicles. The Golgi apparatus operates at the intersection of the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways. [ISBN:0198506732] |
| cytosol | cellular component | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. [GOC:hjd, GOC:jl] |
| plasma membrane | cellular component | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363] |
| focal adhesion | cellular component | A cell-substrate junction that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments. In insects focal adhesion has also been referred to as hemi-adherens junction (HAJ). [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, ISBN:0124325653, ISBN:0815316208, PMID:10419689, PMID:12191915, PMID:15246682, PMID:1643657, PMID:16805308, PMID:19197329, PMID:23033047, PMID:26923917, PMID:28796323, PMID:8314002] |
| external side of plasma membrane | cellular component | The leaflet of the plasma membrane that faces away from the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface. [GOC:dos, GOC:tb] |
| dendrite | cellular component | A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, morphology. Dendrites receive and integrate signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conduct nerve impulses towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:dos, GOC:mah, GOC:nln, ISBN:0198506732] |
| cortical actin cytoskeleton | cellular component | The portion of the actin cytoskeleton, comprising filamentous actin and associated proteins, that lies just beneath the plasma membrane. [GOC:mah] |
| pseudopodium | cellular component | A temporary protrusion or retractile process of a cell, associated with flowing movements of the protoplasm, and serving for locomotion and feeding. [ISBN:0198506732] |
| neuronal cell body | cellular component | The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites. [GOC:go_curators] |
| membrane raft | cellular component | Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions. [PMID:16645198, PMID:20044567] |
| extracellular exosome | cellular component | A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:vesicles, PMID:15908444, PMID:17641064, PMID:19442504, PMID:19498381, PMID:22418571, PMID:24009894] |
| perinuclear endoplasmic reticulum | cellular component | The portion of endoplasmic reticulum, the intracellular network of tubules and cisternae, that occurs near the nucleus. The lumen of the perinuclear endoplasmic reticulum is contiguous with the nuclear envelope lumen (also called perinuclear space), the region between the inner and outer nuclear membranes. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:mcc, GOC:pr, GOC:vw] |
This protein is active in 1 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| cytoplasm | cellular component | The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684] |
This protein is part of 2 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| calpain complex | cellular component | A calcium-dependent protease complex that processes its substrate by limited proteolysis rather than degrading it. In some cases limited proteolysis is required for the activation of its substrate. [GOC:bhm, PMID:10639123] |
| chromatin | cellular component | The ordered and organized complex of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that forms the chromosome. [GOC:elh, PMID:20404130] |
This protein is involved in 18 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| response to hypoxia | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. [GOC:hjd] |
| blastocyst development | biological process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the blastocyst over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammalian blastocyst is a hollow ball of cells containing two cell types, the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm. [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0198542771] |
| proteolysis | biological process | The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] |
| myoblast fusion | biological process | A process in which non-proliferating myoblasts fuse to existing fibers or to myotubes to form new fibers. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers. [CL:0000056, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
| female pregnancy | biological process | The set of physiological processes that allow an embryo or foetus to develop within the body of a female animal. It covers the time from fertilization of a female ovum by a male spermatozoon until birth. [ISBN:0192800825] |
| response to mechanical stimulus | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus. [GOC:hb] |
| positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process | biological process | Any process that increases the rate or extent of cardiac cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a cardiac muscle cell and result in its death. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb] |
| protein autoprocessing | biological process | Processing which a protein carries out itself. This involves actions such as the autolytic removal of residues to generate the mature form of the protein. [GOC:ai, PMID:9335337] |
| regulation of interleukin-6 production | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production. [GOC:mah] |
| cellular response to interferon-beta | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-beta stimulus. Interferon-beta is a type I interferon. [GOC:sl] |
| response to hydrogen peroxide | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulus. [GOC:jl] |
| behavioral response to pain | biological process | Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of a pain stimulus. Pain stimuli cause activation of nociceptors, peripheral receptors for pain, include receptors which are sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli. [GOC:jid] |
| regulation of cytoskeleton organization | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures. [GOC:ai] |
| proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process | biological process | The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells. [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| cellular response to lipopolysaccharide | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipopolysaccharide stimulus; lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria. [GOC:mah] |
| cellular response to amino acid stimulus | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amino acid stimulus. An amino acid is a carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups. [GOC:mah] |
| positive regulation of myoblast fusion | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast fusion. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:21364645] |
| positive regulation of phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process. [GOC:obol] |