| MAPK cascade | biological process | An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAP kinase (MAPK). It starts with the activation of a MAP3K, and the consecutive activation of a MPK2K and a MAPK. The cascade can also contain an additional tier: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinase in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell. [PMID:20811974, PMID:9561267] |
| positive regulation of protein phosphorylation | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein. [GOC:hjd] |
| visual learning | biological process | Any process in an organism in which a change in behavior of an individual occurs in response to repeated exposure to a visual cue. [GOC:jid, ISBN:0582227089] |
| gene expression | biological process | The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript and its processing, as well as translation and maturation for protein-coding genes. [GOC:txnOH-2018, PMID:25934543, PMID:31580950] |
| positive regulation of gene expression | biological process | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). [GOC:txnOH-2018] |
| glial cell proliferation | biological process | The multiplication or reproduction of glial cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. Glial cells exist throughout the nervous system, and include Schwann cells, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes among others. [GOC:ef, ISBN:0878932585] |
| Rac protein signal transduction | biological process | An intracellular signaling cassette in which a small monomeric GTPase of the Rac subfamily relays a signal. [GOC:bf] |
| forebrain astrocyte development | biological process | The process aimed at the progression of an astrocyte that resides in the forebrain, from initial commitment of the cell to its fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. An astrocyte is the most abundant type of glial cell. Astrocytes provide support for neurons and regulate the environment in which they function. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid] |
| actin cytoskeleton organization | biological process | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins. [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
| negative regulation of epithelial cell differentiation | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell differentiation. [GOC:mah] |
| regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of GABAergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). [GOC:mah] |
| positive regulation of Rac protein signal transduction | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Rac protein signal transduction. [GOC:bf] |
| skeletal muscle cell differentiation | biological process | The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a skeletal muscle cell, a somatic cell located in skeletal muscle. [CL:0000188, GOC:BHF, GOC:vk] |
| negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_apoptosis] |
| regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity | biological process | A process that modulates long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change long-term as circumstances require. Long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increase or decrease in actual synapse numbers. [GOC:jid, PMID:11891290] |
| homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue | biological process | Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of cells within a population of cells in a tissue. [GOC:isa_complete] |
| striated muscle cell differentiation | biological process | The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a striated muscle cell; striated muscle fibers are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and voluntary muscle are types of striated muscle. [CL:0000737, GOC:ai] |
| neuron apoptotic process | biological process | Any apoptotic process in a neuron, the basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system. [CL:0000540, GOC:mtg_apoptosis] |
| positive regulation of glial cell proliferation | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of glial cell proliferation. [GOC:dph, GOC:sl, GOC:tb] |
| epithelial tube branching involved in lung morphogenesis | biological process | The process in which a highly ordered sequence of patterning events generates the branched epithelial tubes of the lung, consisting of reiterated combinations of bud outgrowth, elongation, and dichotomous subdivision of terminal units. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_lung] |
| type I pneumocyte differentiation | biological process | The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a type I pneumocyte. A type I pneumocyte is a flattened cell with greatly attenuated cytoplasm and a paucity of organelles. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_lung, ISBN:0721662544] |
| Ras protein signal transduction | biological process | An intracellular signaling cassette in which a small monomeric GTPase of the Ras subfamily relays a signal. [GOC:bf] |