Compounds > tosufloxacin
Page last updated: 2024-12-05

tosufloxacin

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

tosufloxacin: quinolone anti-infective agent; structure given in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

tosufloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tosufloxacin. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

7-(3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid bearing additional 2,4-difluorophenyl, fluoro and 3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 6 and 7 respectively. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID5517
CHEMBL ID273348
CHEBI ID77581
SCHEMBL ID34354
MeSH IDM0155499

Synonyms (59)

Synonym
108138-46-1
AC-3509
1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-4-oxo-
a 67107
ccris 6304
abbott 61827
brn 4913117
a-61827
a 61827
100490-36-6
7-(3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid
tosufloxacin
7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl-1-(2,4-diflurophenyl)-6-fluro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid
tosufloxacin (usan)
D02317
NCGC00167536-01
7-(3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid
HMS2090B18
chebi:77581 ,
CHEMBL273348
abbott-61827
a-67107
NCGC00167536-02
tosufloxacin [usan:inn]
ghj553kqps ,
unii-ghj553kqps
AKOS015960741
FT-0631007
AB00698260-12
1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylicacid,7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-
SCHEMBL34354
tosufloxacin [who-dd]
tosufloxacin [inn]
1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid, 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-, (+/-)-
tosufloxacin [usan]
tosufloxacin [mi]
tosufloxacin [mart.]
(+/-)-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid
AB00698260-14
DTXSID2044135
FT-0696994
SR-01000763339-3
sr-01000763339
rkl10085
()-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic aci
( inverted exclamation marka)-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic aci
Q3995932
100490-36-6 (free base)
Z2681892005
tosufloxacin;100490-36-6
BCP12643
1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid, 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-
bdbm50230834
tosufloxacin 100 microg/ml in acetonitrile
7-(3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylicacid
7-(3-amino-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-[1,8]naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid
CS-0013843
HY-B1802
EN300-19766363

Research Excerpts

Effects

Tosufloxacin has consistent activity against common cystic fibrosis pathogens. The drug warrants investigation in clinical trials.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Tosufloxacin has an antibacterial activity that warrants investigation in clinical trials."( Susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to tosufloxacin.
Lindmark, A; Nord, CE; Persson, I; Runow, C, 1992)		1.27
"Tosufloxacin has an antibacterial activity that warrants investigation in clinical trials."( Susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to tosufloxacin.
Lindmark, A; Nord, CE; Persson, I; Runow, C, 1992)		1.27
"Tosufloxacin has consistent activity against common cystic fibrosis pathogens."( In vitro activity of tosufloxacin, a new quinolone, against respiratory pathogens derived from cystic fibrosis sputum.
Akaniro, JC; Arguedas, AG; Marks, MI; Stutman, HR, 1990)		1.32

Treatment

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Treatment with tosufloxacin tosilate or amoxicillin was effective in most cases of streptococcal balanoposthitis."( [Clinical experience of streptococcal balanoposthitis in 47 healthy adult males].
Wakatsuki, A, 2005)		0.67

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Vigamox(®) containing moxifloxacin and Tosuflo(®) containing tosufloxacin were more toxic when compared with the other antibiotics."( In vitro assessment of the cytotoxicity of six topical antibiotics to four cultured ocular surface cell lines.
Ayaki, M; Iwasawa, A; Niwano, Y, 2012)		0.62

Compound-Compound Interactions

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Comparing with other pyridonecarboxylic acids (PCAs), the neurotoxicity of (+/-)-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-6-fluoro-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,4- dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid p-toluenesulfonate hydrate (T-3262), which is a new PCA, was investigated in mice in a combination with fenbufen (FBF)."( [Adverse drug interactions between pyridonecarboxylic acids and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs: convulsion after oral or intracerebral administration in mice].
Hirai, S; Makino, S; Narita, H; Tanaka, K, 1989)		0.28

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"This study was designed to determine the influence of aluminum hydroxide and famotidine on the bioavailability of tosufloxacin."( Effects of aluminum hydroxide and famotidine on bioavailability of tosufloxacin in healthy volunteers.
Inotsume, N; Minami, R; Nakamura, C; Nakano, M, 1998)		0.75

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" Urinary excretion was 35% and 42% of the dosed radioactivity in rats and mice, respectively, and fecal excretion was about 65% and 56% of the dosed radioactivity in rats and mice, respectively."( [Studies on absorption, distribution and excretion of 14C labeled (+-)-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-6-fluoro-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,4- dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid p-toluene-sulfonate hydrate (14C-T-3262) in rats and mice].
Hayakawa, H; Hayashi, K; Maeda, T; Sakai, H; Yoneda, K, 1989)		0.28
"144 g x piece(-1)) and the results of TSFX concentrations in rabbit serum at different time after dosing with the recoveries of 90."( [Mn2+-cTMAB-sensitized fluorescent microscopic determination of tosufloxacin tosylate based on a self-ordered ring].
Deng, FY; Huang, CX; Liu, Y, 2014)		0.64
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (8)

ClassDescription
1,8-naphthyridine derivativeAny naphthyridine derivative that is a derivative of 1,8-naphthyridine.
amino acidA carboxylic acid containing one or more amino groups.
monocarboxylic acidAn oxoacid containing a single carboxy group.
organofluorine compoundAn organofluorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-fluorine bond.
aminopyrrolidine
tertiary amino compoundA compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing three hydrogen atoms by organyl groups.
primary amino compoundA compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one hydrogen atom by an organyl group.
quinolone antibioticAn organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic whose structure contains a quinolone or quinolone-related skeleton.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (8)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
LuciferasePhotinus pyralis (common eastern firefly)Potency40.53340.007215.758889.3584AID624030
ClpPBacillus subtilisPotency8.91251.995322.673039.8107AID651965
USP1 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency63.09570.031637.5844354.8130AID504865
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.09190.000811.382244.6684AID686978; AID686979
flap endonuclease 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency56.23410.133725.412989.1251AID588795
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency14.12540.010323.856763.0957AID2662
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)Homo sapiens (human)Potency79.43280.050127.073689.1251AID588590
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency13.33590.004611.374133.4983AID624297
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Bioassays (185)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID504749qHTS profiling for inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation2011Science (New York, N.Y.), Aug-05, Volume: 333, Issue:6043
Chemical genomic profiling for antimalarial therapies, response signatures, and molecular targets.
AID209727Minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated in vitro against Streptococcus pneumoniae SV-11993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-02, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Quinolone antibacterials containing the new 7-[3-(1-aminoethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl] side chain: the effects of the 1-aminoethyl moiety and its stereochemical configurations on potency and in vivo efficacy.
AID10501AUC in mice1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID13864Cmax in mouse plasma1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID113339In vivo dose(po) inhibiting systemic infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 5007 in mice.1986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID113337In vivo dose(po) inhibiting systemic infections caused by Escherichia coli Juhl in mice.1986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID23542Solubility (in 0.1 N HCl)1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID205986In vitro Minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus CMX 686B1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID21154% dose recovered in mouse urine1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID133970In vivo potency against acute systemic infection in mouse caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae SV-1 on subcutaneous injection.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID128927Blood level was evaluated by a disk agar diffusion assay at 3.0 hh when administered at a peroral dose of 100 mg/kg1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID164375Minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated in vitro against Pseudomonas aeruginosa UI-181993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-02, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Quinolone antibacterials containing the new 7-[3-(1-aminoethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl] side chain: the effects of the 1-aminoethyl moiety and its stereochemical configurations on potency and in vivo efficacy.
AID67874In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048 using brain-heart infusion agar1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-17, Volume: 35, Issue:8
Preparation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of quinolones with selective activity against gram-positive organisms.
AID205392In vitro for antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID201409In vitro antibacterial activity against gram positive Staphylococcus aureus UC76.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID1079934Highest frequency of acute liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% AIGUE' in source]
AID128916Blood level was evaluated by a disk agar diffusion assay at 1.0 hr when administered at a peroral dose of 100 mg/kg1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID133960In vivo potency against acute systemic infection in mouse caused by Escherichia coli Vogel on oral administration by gavage.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID70772In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Escherichia coli Juhl using brain-heart infusion agar1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-17, Volume: 35, Issue:8
Preparation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of quinolones with selective activity against gram-positive organisms.
AID68978Supercoiling inhibition assay using purified DNA gyrase isolated from Escherichia coli H5601988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID128931Blood level was evaluated by a disk agar diffusion assay at 6.0 hr when administered at a peroral dose of 100 mg/kg1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID209130Minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated in vitro against Streptococcus pyogenes C 2031993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-02, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Quinolone antibacterials containing the new 7-[3-(1-aminoethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl] side chain: the effects of the 1-aminoethyl moiety and its stereochemical configurations on potency and in vivo efficacy.
AID368423Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli KAM32 pSTVdeltaqepA containing disrupted qepA gene by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate.
AID1079949Proposed mechanism(s) of liver damage. [column 'MEC' in source]
AID70428Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Escherichia coli ML47071998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID1079943Malignant tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.MAL' in source]
AID368422Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli KAM32 pSTVqepA containing qepA gene ligated to pSTV28 plasmid by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate.
AID115937In vivo antibacterial activity against systemic infection caused by Escherichia coli juhl in mice.1986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID69639Minimum inhibitory concentration against Escherichia coli2000Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-23, Volume: 43, Issue:6
Artificial neural network applied to prediction of fluorquinolone antibacterial activity by topological methods.
AID70753In vitro Minimum inhibitory concentration against Escherichia coli Juhl1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID164702Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa KP-2541998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID30272In vitro Minimum inhibitory concentration against Acinetobacter CMX 6691988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID125506The ratio of the number of Mongolian gerbils in which Helicobacter pylori was not detected to that of Mongolian gerbils tested (percent) was represented as clearance rate1998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-18, Volume: 8, Issue:16
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 7-(2-aminoalkyl)morpholinoquinolones as anti-Helicobacter pylori agents.
AID20932Compound was evaluated for the solubility in Ringer's buffer solution1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID96058Minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated in vitro against Klebsiella pneumoniae MGH21993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-02, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Quinolone antibacterials containing the new 7-[3-(1-aminoethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl] side chain: the effects of the 1-aminoethyl moiety and its stereochemical configurations on potency and in vivo efficacy.
AID164886In vitro Minimum inhibitory concentration against Pseudomonas aeruginosa K799/WT1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID53322Inhibition of the gyrase mediated cleavage of supercoiled DNA1993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14
Quinolone antibacterials: synthesis and biological activity of carbon isosteres of the 1-piperazinyl and 3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl side chains.
AID70429Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Escherichia coli NIHJ JC-21998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID164561In vitro antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa K799/WT1986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID1079941Liver damage due to vascular disease: peliosis hepatitis, hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'VASC' in source]
AID70583In vitro for antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID95881In vitro antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 80451986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID115940In vivo antibacterial activity against systemic infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 5007 in mice.1986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID201951In vitro antibacterial activity against gram positive Streptococcus pneumoniae SV-1.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID1079936Choleostatic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is < 2 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHOLE' in source]
AID207960In vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P1986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID94147In vitro antibacterial activity against gram negative Klebsiella pneumoniae MGH-2.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID163944Compound was tested for acute toxicity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa A 9843 after oral administration of drug in mice1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID1079935Cytolytic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is > 5 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CYTOL' in source]
AID1079945Animal toxicity known. [column 'TOXIC' in source]
AID52937Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Citrobacter freundii KP-291998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID164560In vitro antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 50071986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID1079938Chronic liver disease either proven histopathologically, or through a chonic elevation of serum amino-transferase activity after 6 months. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHRON' in source]
AID151528In vitro antibacterial activity against gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa UI-18.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID1079942Steatosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'STEAT' in source]
AID68172Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Enterobacter cloacae Nek391998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID117682Protective dose in vivo was determined in acute, lethal systemic infections in female Charles River CD-1 mice against Escherichia coli Vogel1993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14
Quinolone antibacterials: synthesis and biological activity of carbon isosteres of the 1-piperazinyl and 3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl side chains.
AID74727Antibacterial activity against five Gram-negative bacteria1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-11, Volume: 35, Issue:25
Fluoroquinolones: relationships between structural variations, mammalian cell cytotoxicity, and antimicrobial activity.
AID205651Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram positive Staphylococcus aureus JS-11998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID24564t1/2 in mouse plasma1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID368421Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli KAM32 pSTV28 containing chloramphenicol-resistant vector by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate.
AID128920Blood level was evaluated by a disk agar diffusion assay at 2.0 hr when administered at a peroral dose of 100 mg/kg1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID65397In vitro antibacterial activity against gram positive Enterococcus faecalis MGH-2.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID207046Minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus UC 761993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-02, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Quinolone antibacterials containing the new 7-[3-(1-aminoethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl] side chain: the effects of the 1-aminoethyl moiety and its stereochemical configurations on potency and in vivo efficacy.
AID207961In vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus CMX 686B1986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID70426Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Escherichia coli CSH2/RE451998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID69759Antibacterial activity in vitro against Escherichia coli Vogel1993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-02, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Quinolone antibacterials containing the new 7-[3-(1-aminoethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl] side chain: the effects of the 1-aminoethyl moiety and its stereochemical configurations on potency and in vivo efficacy.
AID95735Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Klebsiella oxytoca GN 106501998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID205653Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram positive Staphylococcus aureus smith1998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID96242In vitro Minimum inhibitory concentration against Klebsiella pneumoniae 80451988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID162741In vitro for antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID24221Partition coefficient (logP)1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID205720In vitro Minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus epidermidis 35191988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID133974In vivo potency against acute systemic infection in mouse caused by Streptococcus pyogenes C-203 on subcutaneous injection1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID207409Compound was tested for acute toxicity against Staphylococcus aureus A 15090 after oral administration of drug in mice1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID95532In vitro for antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID207045Minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus H 2281993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-02, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Quinolone antibacterials containing the new 7-[3-(1-aminoethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl] side chain: the effects of the 1-aminoethyl moiety and its stereochemical configurations on potency and in vivo efficacy.
AID133965In vivo potency against acute systemic infection in mouse caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa UI-18 on oral administration by gavage.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID1079944Benign tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.BEN' in source]
AID205983In vitro Minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus A51771988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID209298In vitro antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes 9301986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID1079937Severe hepatitis, defined as possibly life-threatening liver failure or through clinical observations. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'MASS' in source]
AID23549Solubility (at pH 7.4)1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID52938Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Citrobacter freundii No.71998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID164565Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa AK1091998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID201273In vitro antibacterial activity against gram positive Staphylococcus aureus H-228.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID205984In vitro Minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID203284In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus A 5177 using brain-heart infusion agar1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-17, Volume: 35, Issue:8
Preparation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of quinolones with selective activity against gram-positive organisms.
AID205650Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram positive Staphylococcus aureus FDA 209P JC-11998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID68019Minimum inhibitory concentration in vitro against Enterobacter cloacae MA 26461993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-02, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Quinolone antibacterials containing the new 7-[3-(1-aminoethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl] side chain: the effects of the 1-aminoethyl moiety and its stereochemical configurations on potency and in vivo efficacy.
AID202109In vitro antibacterial activity against gram positive Streptococcus pyogenes C-203.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID96099Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Klebsiella pneumoniae No.421998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID125255In vitro for antibacterial activity against Morganella morganii1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID113347In vivo dose(sc) inhibiting systemic infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 10649 in mice.1986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID205821Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID70418In vitro antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli Juhl1986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID1079947Comments (NB not yet translated). [column 'COMMENTAIRES' in source]
AID210070Compounds were evaluated in vivo for antibacterial activity for mouse protection against Streptococcus pyogenes C 203 after oral administration1993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-02, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Quinolone antibacterials containing the new 7-[3-(1-aminoethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl] side chain: the effects of the 1-aminoethyl moiety and its stereochemical configurations on potency and in vivo efficacy.
AID152317In vitro antibacterial activity against gram negative Providencia rettgeri M-1771.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID1079940Granulomatous liver disease, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'GRAN' in source]
AID67225In vitro for antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID210254In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus pyogenes 930 using brain-heart infusion agar1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-17, Volume: 35, Issue:8
Preparation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of quinolones with selective activity against gram-positive organisms.
AID209570In vitro Minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus faecium ATCC 80431988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID1079946Presence of at least one case with successful reintroduction. [column 'REINT' in source]
AID208790Compound was tested for acute toxicity against Streptococcus pneumoniae A 9585 after oral administration of drug in mice1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID164720In vitro for antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID164885In vitro Minimum inhibitory concentration against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 50071988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID133972In vivo potency against acute systemic infection in mouse caused by Streptococcus pyogenes C-203 on oral administration by gavage1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID67884Minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated in vitro against Enterococcus faecalis MGH-21993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-02, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Quinolone antibacterials containing the new 7-[3-(1-aminoethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl] side chain: the effects of the 1-aminoethyl moiety and its stereochemical configurations on potency and in vivo efficacy.
AID74728Geometric mean of MIC was determined in vitro against gram-negative strains using standard microtitration techniques1993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14
Quinolone antibacterials: synthesis and biological activity of carbon isosteres of the 1-piperazinyl and 3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl side chains.
AID205588In vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 35191986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID30422In vitro antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter species CMX6691986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID134724Lethal dose was determined in OF1-strain female Swiss mice after intra venous administration of the drug1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID74699In vitro antibacterial activity against Gram (-) bacteria2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-08, Volume: 46, Issue:10
A novel antibacterial 8-chloroquinolone with a distorted orientation of the N1-(5-amino-2,4-difluorophenyl) group.
AID67215Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram positive Enterococcus faecalis 13731998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID205652Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram positive Staphylococcus aureus KP-90-31998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID64389In vitro antibacterial activity against gram negative Enterobacter cloacae MA 2646.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID133968In vivo potency against acute systemic infection in mouse caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae SV-1 on oral administration by gavage.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID51918Mammalian cell cytotoxicity test in chinese hamster V79 cells (clonogenic cytotoxicity)1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-11, Volume: 35, Issue:25
Fluoroquinolones: relationships between structural variations, mammalian cell cytotoxicity, and antimicrobial activity.
AID163227Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Proteus vulgaris KS-1341998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID209569In vitro antibacterial activity against Streptococcus faecium ATCC 80431986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID87939In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against growth of Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504.1998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-18, Volume: 8, Issue:16
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 7-(2-aminoalkyl)morpholinoquinolones as anti-Helicobacter pylori agents.
AID210071Antibacterial activity measured as mouse protection against Streptococcus pyogenes C 203 after subcutaneous administration1993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-02, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Quinolone antibacterials containing the new 7-[3-(1-aminoethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl] side chain: the effects of the 1-aminoethyl moiety and its stereochemical configurations on potency and in vivo efficacy.
AID68179In vitro for antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID70612Compound was tested for acute toxicity against Escherichia coli A 15119 after oral administration of drug in mice1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID66105In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Enterococcus faecium ATCC 8043 using brain-heart infusion agar1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-17, Volume: 35, Issue:8
Preparation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of quinolones with selective activity against gram-positive organisms.
AID368424Ratio of MIC for Escherichia coli KAM32 pSTVqepA mutant to MIC for Escherichia coli KAM32 pSTV28 mutant2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate.
AID115942In vivo antibacterial activity against systemic infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 10649 in mice.1986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID133966In vivo potency against acute systemic infection in mouse caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. UI-18. on subcutaneous injection.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID209450In vitro Minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus pyogenes 9301988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID133962In vivo potency against acute systemic infection in mouse caused by Escherichia coli vogel on subcutaneous injection.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID203286In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus CMX 553 using brain-heart infusion agar1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-17, Volume: 35, Issue:8
Preparation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of quinolones with selective activity against gram-positive organisms.
AID208922In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus bovis A5169 using brain-heart infusion agar1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-17, Volume: 35, Issue:8
Preparation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of quinolones with selective activity against gram-positive organisms.
AID203290In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus epidermidis 3159 using brain-heart infusion agar1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-17, Volume: 35, Issue:8
Preparation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of quinolones with selective activity against gram-positive organisms.
AID1079948Times to onset, minimal and maximal, observed in the indexed observations. [column 'DELAI' in source]
AID26270Partition coefficient (logD)1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID163228Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Proteus vulgaris No.331998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID65233In vitro antibacterial activity against gram negative Escherichia coli Vogel.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID113343In vivo dose(sc) inhibiting systemic infections caused by Escherichia coli Juhl in mice.1986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID74854Geometric mean of MIC was determined in vitro against gram-positive strains using standard microtitration techniques1993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14
Quinolone antibacterials: synthesis and biological activity of carbon isosteres of the 1-piperazinyl and 3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl side chains.
AID164088In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Pseudomonas aeruginosa K799 / WT using brain-heart infusion agar1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-17, Volume: 35, Issue:8
Preparation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of quinolones with selective activity against gram-positive organisms.
AID368419Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli KAM32 expressing deltaacrB ydhE hsd gene by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate.
AID208743In vitro Minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus agalactiae CMX 5081988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID70283Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli Vogel after subcutaneous administration in mouse1993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-02, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Quinolone antibacterials containing the new 7-[3-(1-aminoethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl] side chain: the effects of the 1-aminoethyl moiety and its stereochemical configurations on potency and in vivo efficacy.
AID164703Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO11998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID113345In vivo dose(sc) inhibiting systemic infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 5007 in mice.1986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID21753Solubility was measured at PH - 7.2 buffer1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID96098Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Klebsiella pneumoniae KC-11998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID74853Antibacterial activity against five Gram-positive bacteria targeting topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase B GyrB)1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-11, Volume: 35, Issue:25
Fluoroquinolones: relationships between structural variations, mammalian cell cytotoxicity, and antimicrobial activity.
AID1079933Acute liver toxicity defined via clinical observations and clear clinical-chemistry results: serum ALT or AST activity > 6 N or serum alkaline phosphatases activity > 1.7 N. This category includes cytolytic, choleostatic and mixed liver toxicity. Value is
AID130079Compounds were evaluated for phototoxicity no-effect dose in mouse1993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-02, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Quinolone antibacterials containing the new 7-[3-(1-aminoethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl] side chain: the effects of the 1-aminoethyl moiety and its stereochemical configurations on potency and in vivo efficacy.
AID40338In vitro for antibacterial activity against Bacillus fragilis.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID134725Lethal dose was determined in OF1-strain female Swiss mice after oral administration of the drug1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID1079939Cirrhosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CIRRH' in source]
AID30399Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Acinetobacter calcoaceticus No.41998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID208912In vitro Minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus bovis A51691988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID163733Minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated in vitro against Providencia rettgeri M17711993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-02, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Quinolone antibacterials containing the new 7-[3-(1-aminoethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl] side chain: the effects of the 1-aminoethyl moiety and its stereochemical configurations on potency and in vivo efficacy.
AID206825Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram positive Staphylococcus pyogenes cook1998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID70282Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli Vogel after oral administration in mouse1993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-02, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Quinolone antibacterials containing the new 7-[3-(1-aminoethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl] side chain: the effects of the 1-aminoethyl moiety and its stereochemical configurations on potency and in vivo efficacy.
AID205982In vitro Minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus 451988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Design, synthesis, and properties of (4S)-7-(4-amino-2-substituted-pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone-3-carboxylic acids.
AID207547In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P using brain-heart infusion agar1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-17, Volume: 35, Issue:8
Preparation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of quinolones with selective activity against gram-positive organisms.
AID210197Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3
Fluoronaphthyridines as antibacterial agents. 4. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted-6-fluoro-7-(cycloalkylamino)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8- naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.
AID163947In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Pseudomonas aeruginosa A5007 using brain-heart infusion agar1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-17, Volume: 35, Issue:8
Preparation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of quinolones with selective activity against gram-positive organisms.
AID213589Clonogenic cytotoxicity against hamster V-79 cells1993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-02, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Quinolone antibacterials containing the new 7-[3-(1-aminoethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl] side chain: the effects of the 1-aminoethyl moiety and its stereochemical configurations on potency and in vivo efficacy.
AID43924Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Burkholderia cepacia 231998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID23544Solubility (at pH 4)1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID436988Inhibition of human HeLa cell proliferation2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
7-((4-Substituted)piperazin-1-yl) derivatives of ciprofloxacin: synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation as potential antitumor agents.
AID162740Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Proteus mirabilis JY-101998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID368420Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli KAM32 pHPA containing mutated GyrA gene by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate.
AID23546Aqueous solubility1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 35, Issue:10
Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.
AID94220In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Klebsiella pneumoniae 8045 using brain-heart infusion agar1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-17, Volume: 35, Issue:8
Preparation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of quinolones with selective activity against gram-positive organisms.
AID30276In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Acinetobacter CMX 669 using brain-heart infusion agar1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-17, Volume: 35, Issue:8
Preparation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of quinolones with selective activity against gram-positive organisms.
AID70427Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Escherichia coli CSH2/RK11998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID1079932Highest frequency of moderate liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% BIOL' in source]
AID205389Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Serratia marcescens No.16-21998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID74698Tested for in vitro antibacterial activity against Gram (+) bacteria2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-08, Volume: 46, Issue:10
A novel antibacterial 8-chloroquinolone with a distorted orientation of the N1-(5-amino-2,4-difluorophenyl) group.
AID678909TP_TRANSPORTER: increase in Doxorubicin intracellular accumulation (Doxorubicin: 5 uM, Tosufloxacin: 500 uM) in P388/ADR cells2002Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology, Mar, Volume: 29, Issue:3
Possible involvement of P-glycoprotein in the biliary excretion of grepafloxacin.
AID208884In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus agalactiae CMX 508 using brain-heart infusion agar1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-17, Volume: 35, Issue:8
Preparation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of quinolones with selective activity against gram-positive organisms.
AID67685In vitro antibacterial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 130481986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID1079931Moderate liver toxicity, defined via clinical-chemistry results: ALT or AST serum activity 6 times the normal upper limit (N) or alkaline phosphatase serum activity of 1.7 N. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'BIOL' in source]
AID368418Antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli C316 pHPA containing mutated GyrA gene by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate.
AID117684Protective dose in vivo was determined in acute, lethal systemic infections in female Charles River CD-1 mice against Streptococcus pyogenes C-2031993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14
Quinolone antibacterials: synthesis and biological activity of carbon isosteres of the 1-piperazinyl and 3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl side chains.
AID113341In vivo dose(po) inhibiting systemic infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 10649 in mice.1986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new arylfluoronaphthyridine antibacterial agents.
AID164701Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa K-131998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 7-(3-substituted-3 or 4-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-methoxyfluoroquinolones.
AID1159607Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction2016Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6
A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (161)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-199026 (16.15)18.7374
1990's62 (38.51)18.2507
2000's44 (27.33)29.6817
2010's23 (14.29)24.3611
2020's6 (3.73)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 34.78

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index34.78 (24.57)
Research Supply Index5.23 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.68 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index48.33 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (34.78)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials16 (9.41%)5.53%
Reviews8 (4.71%)6.00%
Case Studies17 (10.00%)4.05%
Observational1 (0.59%)0.25%
Other128 (75.29%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
chlorine
chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.		2.0710halide anion;
monoatomic chlorine		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite
theophylline
[no description available]		1.9710dimethylxanthineadenosine receptor antagonist;
anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory agent;
bronchodilator agent;
drug metabolite;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
human blood serum metabolite;
immunomodulator;
muscle relaxant;
vasodilator agent
aztreonam
Aztreonam: A monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic originally isolated from Chromobacterium violaceum. It is resistant to beta-lactamases and is used in gram-negative infections, especially of the meninges, bladder, and kidneys. It may cause a superinfection with gram-positive organisms.. aztreonam : A synthetic monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic (monobactam), used primarily to treat infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. It inhibits mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall, thereby blocking peptidoglycan crosslinking.		210
carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone
Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone: A proton ionophore. It is commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.. CCCP : A member of the class of monochlorobenzenes that is benzene substituted by 2-(1,3-dinitrilopropan-2-ylidene)hydrazinyl and chloro groups at positions 1 and 3, respectively. It is a mitochondrial depolarizing agent that induces reactive oxygen species mediated cell death.		2.0310hydrazone;
monochlorobenzenes;
nitrile		antibacterial agent;
geroprotector;
ionophore
cefixime
Cefixime: A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that is stable to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases.. cefixime : A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic bearing vinyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-[(carboxymethoxy)imino]acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is used in the treatment of gonorrhoea, tonsilitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis, and urinary tract infections.		210
cetyltrimethylammonium ion
Cetrimonium: Cetyltrimethylammonium compound whose salts and derivatives are used primarily as topical antiseptics.. cetyltrimethylammonium ion : A quaternary ammonium ion in which the substituents on nitrogen are one hexadecyl and three methyl groups.		2.110quaternary ammonium ion
ciprofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.. ciprofloxacin : A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.		6.29361aminoquinoline;
cyclopropanes;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone;
zwitterion		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor;
xenobiotic
diclofenac
Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.		2.0510amino acid;
aromatic amine;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary amino compound		antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
enoxacin
Enoxacin: A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent that is structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID.. enoxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with an ethyl group at the 1 position, a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 7 position. An antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of urinary-tract infections and gonorrhoea.		4.7901,8-naphthyridine derivative;
amino acid;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
famotidine
Famotidine: A competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist. Its main pharmacodynamic effect is the inhibition of gastric secretion.		6.99101,3-thiazoles;
guanidines;
sulfonamide		anti-ulcer drug;
H2-receptor antagonist;
P450 inhibitor
fenbufen
fenbufen: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd		1.97104-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
biphenyls		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fleroxacin
Fleroxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial fluoroquinolone. The drug strongly inhibits the DNA-supercoiling activity of DNA GYRASE.. fleroxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 1, 3, 6, 7 and 8 by 2-fluoroethyl, carboxy, fluoro, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl and fluoro groups, respectively. It is active against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.		3.5990difluorobenzene;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-alkylpiperazine;
quinolines		antibacterial drug;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
gentamicin
Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.		2.3820
lomefloxacin
lomefloxacin: structure given in first source. lomefloxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic, used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is also used to prevent urinary tract infections prior to surgery.		8.4980fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antimicrobial agent;
antitubercular agent;
photosensitizing agent
metronidazole
Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.		2.6830C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
primary alcohol		antiamoebic agent;
antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
antiparasitic agent;
antitrichomonal drug;
environmental contaminant;
prodrug;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
nalidixic acid
[no description available]		3.82301,8-naphthyridine derivative;
monocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
norfloxacin
Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.		5.63181fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
ofloxacin
Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.		6.622823-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
oxazinoquinoline
gatifloxacin
Gatifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used as an ophthalmic solution for the treatment of BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS.. gatifloxacin : A monocarboxylic acid that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid which is substituted on the nitrogen by a cyclopropyl group and at positions 6, 7, and 8 by fluoro, 3-methylpiperazin-1-yl, and methoxy groups, respectively. Gatifloxacin is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family, that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial topoisomerase type-II enzymes.		8.4170N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
mitomycin
Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.. mitomycin : A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae.		1.9710mitomycinalkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
penicillin g
Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group.		210penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
epitope
chloramphenicol
Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.		210C-nitro compound;
carboxamide;
diol;
organochlorine compound		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
puromycin aminonucleoside
3'-amino-3'-deoxy-N(6),N(6)-dimethyladenosine: structure in first source. 3'-amino-3'-deoxy-N(6),N(6)-dimethyladenosine : Puromycin derivative that lacks the methoxyphenylalanyl group on the amine of the sugar ring.		1.97103'-deoxyribonucleoside;
adenosines
kanamycin a
Kanamycin: Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.. kanamycin : Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components.		2.0310kanamycinsbacterial metabolite
carbostyril
Quinolones: A group of derivatives of naphthyridine carboxylic acid, quinoline carboxylic acid, or NALIDIXIC ACID.. quinolin-2(1H)-one : A quinolone that is 1,2-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 2.		4.63270monohydroxyquinoline;
quinolone		bacterial xenobiotic metabolite
methicillin
Methicillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE but susceptible to a penicillin-binding protein. It is inactivated by gastric acid so administered by injection.. methicillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl group.		1.9710penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
ampicillin
Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.		3.1150beta-lactam antibiotic;
penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
acriflavine chloride
3,6-diamino-10-methylacridinium chloride : The 10-methochloride salt of 3,6-diaminoacridine. Note that a mixture of this compound with 3,6-diaminoacridine (proflavine) is known as acriflavine or neutral acriflavine.		2.0310organic chloride saltantibacterial agent;
antiseptic drug;
carcinogenic agent;
histological dye;
intercalator
acrylonitrile
[no description available]		2.0710aliphatic nitrile;
volatile organic compound		antifungal agent;
carcinogenic agent;
fungal metabolite;
mutagen;
polar aprotic solvent
thiazoles
[no description available]		3.41101,3-thiazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene
gentian violet
Gentian Violet: A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.. crystal violet : An organic chloride salt that is the monochloride salt of crystal violet cation. It has been used in creams for the topical treatment of bacterial and fungal infections, being effective against some Gram-positive bacteria (notably Staphylococcus species) and some pathogenic fungi (including Candida species) but use declined following reports of animal carcinogenicity. It has also been used for dying wood, silk, and paper, as well as a histological stain.		2.0310organic chloride saltanthelminthic drug;
antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antiseptic drug;
histological dye
erythromycin
Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.		4.4851cyclic ketone;
erythromycin
ethidium bromide
[no description available]		2.0310organic bromide saltgeroprotector;
intercalator;
trypanocidal drug
vancomycin
Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile.		210glycopeptideantibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
spectinomycin
Spectinomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces spectabilis. It is active against gram-negative bacteria and used for the treatment of GONORRHEA.. spectinomycin dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining spectinomycin with two molar equivalents of hydrochloric acid. An antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea.. spectinomycin : A pyranobenzodioxin and antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its dihydrochloride pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea. It is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces spectabilis.		2.4220cyclic acetal;
cyclic hemiketal;
cyclic ketone;
pyranobenzodioxin;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
terbium
Terbium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Tb, atomic number 65, and atomic weight 158.92.		7.0210f-block element atom;
lanthanoid atom
mercuric chloride
Mercuric Chloride: Mercury chloride (HgCl2). A highly toxic compound that volatizes slightly at ordinary temperature and appreciably at 100 degrees C. It is corrosive to mucous membranes and used as a topical antiseptic and disinfectant.. mercury dichloride : A mercury coordination entity made up of linear triatomic molecules in which a mercury atom is bonded to two chlorines. Water-soluble, it is highly toxic. Once used in a wide variety of applications, including preserving wood and anatomical specimens, embalming and disinfecting, as an intensifier in photography, as a mordant for rabbit and beaver furs, and freeing gold from lead, its use has markedly declined as less toxic alternatives have been developed.		1.9710mercury coordination entitysensitiser
ferric chloride
ferric chloride: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Fe-Cl3; used to induce experimental arterial thrombosis to evaluate antithrombotic agents		2.0710iron coordination entityastringent;
Lewis acid
amoxicillin
Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group.		3.3970penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
sisomicin
Sisomicin: Antibiotic produced by Micromonospora inyoensis. It is closely related to gentamicin C1A, one of the components of the gentamicin complex (GENTAMICINS).		7.3110amino cyclitol glycoside;
aminoglycoside antibiotic;
beta-L-arabinoside;
monosaccharide derivative
piperacillin
Piperacillin: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, AMPICILLIN derived ureidopenicillin antibiotic proposed for PSEUDOMONAS infections. It is also used in combination with other antibiotics.. piperacillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.		4.0631penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
cefotiam
Cefotiam: One of the CEPHALOSPORINS that has a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.. cefotiam : A cephalosporin with ({1-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-tetrazol-5-yl}sulfanyl)methyl and (2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)acetamido substituents at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. A third generation beta-lactam cephalosporin antibiotic, it is active against a broad spectrum of both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.		3.3711beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
cefaclor anhydrous
Cefaclor: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derivative of CEPHALEXIN.. cefaclor : A cephalosporin bearing chloro and (R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.		210cephalosporinantibacterial drug;
drug allergen
pefloxacin
Pefloxacin: A synthetic broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent active against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.. pefloxacin : A quinolone that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7 by ethyl, carboxy, fluorine, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups, respectively.		2.6730fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
difloxacin hydrochloride
[no description available]		1.9610
difloxacin
difloxacin: RN & structure given in first source. difloxacin : A quinolone that is pefloxacin in which the ethyl group at position 1 of the quinolone has been replaced by a p-fluorophenyl group. A broad-spectrum antibiotic effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, it is used (usually as the monohydrochloride salt) for the treatment of bacterial infections in dogs.		2.3820fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
sarafloxacin hydrochloride
[no description available]		1.9610
sarafloxacin
sarafloxacin: RN & structure given in first source		1.9710quinolines
temafloxacin
temafloxacin: structure given in first source. temafloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-temafloxacin. Both enantiomers both exhibit similar pharmacological profiles. Temafloxacin was briefly used (either as the free base or as the hydrochloride salt) as an antibacterial drug but was withdrawn worldwide in 1992 following reports of serious side effects, including severe hypoglycaemia, haemolytic anaemia, liver and kidney dysfunction, anaphylaxis, and death.. 1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-7-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid : A quinolone that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 1, 6, and 7 by 2,4-difluorophenyl, fluorine, and 3-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups, respectively.		3.77110amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound
clinafloxacin
clinafloxacin: structure given in first source; RN given is for monoHCl		7.940quinolines
sparfloxacin
[no description available]		4.24180fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone
trovafloxacin
trovafloxacin: a trifluoronaphthyridone derivative of 7-(3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hexyl)naphthyridone; has antineoplastic activity. trovafloxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid bearing additional 2,4-difluorophenyl, fluoro and 6-amino-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-yl substituents at positions 1, 6 and 7 respectively. A broad-spectrum antibiotic that was withdrawn from the market due to risk of liver failure.		2.9240
cephalosporin c
cephalosporin C: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #1937. cephalosporin C : A cephalosporin antibiotic carrying a 3-acetoxymethyl substituent and a 6-oxo-N(6)-L-lysino group at position 7.		3.470cephalosporinfungal metabolite
lenampicillin
lenampicillin: structure given in first source. lenampicillin : A penicillanic acid ester that is the (5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxol-4-yl)methyl ester of ampicillin. It is a prodrug of ampicillin.		1.9710ketene acetal;
penicillanic acid ester		prodrug
prulifloxacin
prulifloxacin: structure given in first source		7.9440fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
quinolone antibiotic
pazufloxacin
[no description available]		9.551quinolines
enrofloxacin
Enrofloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial and antimycoplasma agent that is used in veterinary practice.. enrofloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 4, a fluoro group at position 6, a cyclopropyl group at position 1 and a 4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 7. It is a veterinary antibacterial agent used for the treatment of pets.		2.4220cyclopropanes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent
panipenem
panipenem: synthetic cpd; structure given in first source		210organic molecular entity
pd 131628
PD 131628: CI-990 is L-alanylamide prodrug of PD-131628; structure given in first source		2.6730
grepafloxacin
grepafloxacin: structure in first source		2.0110fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
quinolines;
quinolone antibiotic
pd 117588
PD 117588: structure given in first source		2.6830
oxazolidin-2-one
Oxazolidinones: Derivatives of oxazolidin-2-one. They represent an important class of synthetic antibiotic agents.. oxazolidin-2-one : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine with an oxo substituent at position 2.. oxazolidinone : An oxazolidine containing one or more oxo groups.		2.0310carbamate ester;
oxazolidinone		metabolite
clarithromycin
Clarithromycin: A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.. clarithromycin : The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.		4.6561macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
protein synthesis inhibitor;
xenobiotic
pd 118879
[no description available]		3.2360
imipenem, anhydrous
Imipenem: Semisynthetic thienamycin that has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, including many multiresistant strains. It is stable to beta-lactamases. Clinical studies have demonstrated high efficacy in the treatment of infections of various body systems. Its effectiveness is enhanced when it is administered in combination with CILASTATIN, a renal dipeptidase inhibitor.. imipenem : A broad-spectrum, intravenous beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem subgroup.		3.2360beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
carbapenems;
zwitterion		antibacterial drug
cp 115953
CP 115953: enhances topoisomerase II-mediated DNA cleavage; structure given in first source		2.0510
bay y3118
Bay Y3118: structure given in first source		1.9810
ci 934
CI 934: structure given in first source		2.3920
win 57273
Win 57273: bactericidal for Legionella pneumophila		1.9710
pd-117596
PD-117596: structure given in first source		2.6830
8-fluorociprofloxacin
8-fluorociprofloxacin: structure given in first source		1.9810
ulifloxacin
ulifloxacin: structure given in first source		2.420quinolines
pd 124816
PD 124816: structure given in first source		2.940
y 26611
7-(2-aminomethylmorpholino)-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid: structure given in first source		1.9910
carbapenems
[no description available]		3.930
levofloxacin
Levofloxacin: The L-isomer of Ofloxacin.. levofloxacin : An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase.		5.491519-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
moxifloxacin
Moxifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone that acts as an inhibitor of DNA TOPOISOMERASE II and is used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.. moxifloxacin : A quinolone that consists of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid bearing a cyclopropyl substituent at position 1, a fluoro substitiuent at position 6, a (4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl group at position 7 and a methoxy substituent at position 8. A member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterial agents.		3.4470aromatic ether;
cyclopropanes;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
pyrrolidinopiperidine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug
deoxycholic acid
Deoxycholic Acid: A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent.. deoxycholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 12 respectively.		2.0310bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human blood serum metabolite
puromycin
[no description available]		1.9910puromycinsantiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.11.14 (cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.14.2 (dipeptidyl-peptidase II) inhibitor;
nucleoside antibiotic;
protein synthesis inhibitor
meropenem
Meropenem: A thienamycin derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of bacterial infections, including infections in immunocompromised patients.. meropenem : A carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents respectively.		3.8121alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
carbapenemcarboxylic acid;
organic sulfide;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide		antibacterial agent;
antibacterial drug;
drug allergen
linezolid
[no description available]		2.3110acetamides;
morpholines;
organofluorine compound;
oxazolidinone		antibacterial drug;
protein synthesis inhibitor
clindamycin
Clindamycin: An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.. clindamycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic.		4.0831
zithromax
Azithromycin: A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.. azithromycin : A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.		6.4572macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
pd 135042
PD 135042: inhibits DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV; structure in first source		2.3920
dibekacin
Dibekacin: Analog of KANAMYCIN with antitubercular as well as broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties.. dibekacin : A kanamycin that is kanamycin B lacking the 3- and 4-hydroxy groups on the 2,6-diaminosugar ring.		2.0710kanamycinsantibacterial agent;
protein synthesis inhibitor
fusidic acid
Fusidic Acid: An antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). It acts by inhibiting translocation during protein synthesis.. fusidic acid : A steroid antibiotic that is isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum.		21011alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid;
alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
steroid acid;
steroid antibiotic;
sterol ester		EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
sodium dodecyl sulfate
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.		2.0310organic sodium saltdetergent;
protein denaturant
clavulanic acid
Clavulanic Acid: A beta-lactam antibiotic produced by the actinobacterium Streptomyces clavuligerus. It is a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes. Administered alone, it has only weak antibacterial activity against most organisms, but given in combination with other beta-lactam antibiotics it prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamase.. clavulanate : The conjugate base of clavulanic acid.. clavulanic acid : Antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces clavuligerus. It acts as a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes.		210oxapenamantibacterial drug;
anxiolytic drug;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
miocamycin
Miocamycin: A macrolide antibiotic that has a wide antimicrobial spectrum and is particularly effective in respiratory and genital infections.		1.9810
rokitamycin
rokitamycin: structure in first source		1.9810organic molecular entity
sitafloxacin
sitafloxacin: structure in first source		7.3110
furaltadon
furaltadon: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. furaltadone : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidin-2-one substituted at position 1 by a (5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group and at position 5 by a morpholin-4-ylmethyl group. An antibacterial formerly used oraly but withdrawn due to toxicity, it is used topically (as the hydrochloride salt) for treatment of ear disorders.		2.0310
cefmenoxime
Cefmenoxime: A cephalosporin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. It is active against most common gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, is a potent inhibitor of Enterobacteriaceae, and is highly resistant to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases. The drug has a high rate of efficacy in many types of infection and to date no severe side effects have been noted.. cefmenoxime : A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, bearing a 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino group at the 7beta-position and a [(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]methyl group at the 3-position.		2.4320cephalosporinantibacterial drug
gemifloxacin
Gemifloxacin: A naphthyridine and fluoroquinolone derivative antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia and acute bacterial infections associated with chronic bronchitis.. gemifloxacin : A 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a substituted pyrrolin-1-yl group at the 7-position.		3.56201,8-naphthyridine derivative;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
tebipenem
tebipenem: an oral carbapenem antibiotic, against penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae; structure in first source		3.930
cefditoren
cefditoren: structure given in first source; RN given refers to the (6R-(3(Z),6alpha,7beta(Z)))-isomer. cefditoren : A broad spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with (Z)-2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethenyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. Generally administered as its orally absorbed pivaloyloxymethyl ester prodrug, it is used for the treatment of mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms in acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, and uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections.		2.9540carboxylic acid;
cephalosporin		antibacterial drug
cs 940
CS 940: structure in first source		1.9910
vosaroxin
vosaroxin: has antineoplastic activity; vosaroxin was formerly voreloxin; structure in first source		3.4110
cefdinir
Cefdinir: A third-generation oral cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used to treat bacterial infections of the respiratory tract and skin.. cefdinir : A cephalosporin compound having 7beta-2-(2-amino-thiazol-4-yl)-2-[(Z)-hydroxyimino]-acetylamino- and 3-vinyl side groups.		2.4120
chitosan
[no description available]		2.1110
ro13-9904
Ceftriaxone: A broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic and cefotaxime derivative with a very long half-life and high penetrability to meninges, eyes and inner ears.. ceftriaxone : A third-generation cephalosporin compound having 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetylamino and [(2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)sulfanyl]methyl side-groups.		210
cefteram
cefteram: structure given in first source. cefteram : A cephalosporin compound having (5-methyl-2H-tetrazol-2-yl)methyl and [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side-groups; a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.		210
tetracycline
Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.		2.4120
minocycline
Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5.		4.9181
rifampin
Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)		2.0210cyclic ketal;
hydrazone;
N-iminopiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
rifamycins;
semisynthetic derivative;
zwitterion		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antiamoebic agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antitubercular agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
leprostatic drug;
neuroprotective agent;
pregnane X receptor agonist;
protein synthesis inhibitor
biphenylylacetic acid
biphenylylacetic acid: metabolite of BHD 7538; RN given refers to cpd with unspecified locants for acetic acid moities		2.0510
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
E coli Infections
[description not available]		02.7230
Escherichia coli Infections
Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI.		02.7230
Bacterial Disease
[description not available]		08.16145
Bacterial Infections
Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.		110.16145
Infections, Helicobacter
[description not available]		01.9910
Helicobacter Infections
Infections with organisms of the genus HELICOBACTER, particularly, in humans, HELICOBACTER PYLORI. The clinical manifestations are focused in the stomach, usually the gastric mucosa and antrum, and the upper duodenum. This infection plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type B gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.		01.9910
Leukemia P388
An experimental lymphocytic leukemia originally induced in DBA/2 mice by painting with methylcholanthrene.		02.0110
Benign Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.0510
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.		02.0510
Anemia, Fanconi
[description not available]		02.1310
Fanconi Anemia
Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004)		02.1310
Emesis
[description not available]		02.4110
Vomiting
The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH.		02.4110
Body Weight
The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.		02.6930
Infections, Soft Tissue
[description not available]		02.3110
Infections, Mycobacterium
[description not available]		02.3110
Abscess
Accumulation of purulent material in tissues, organs, or circumscribed spaces, usually associated with signs of infection.		02.6930
Mycobacterium Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus MYCOBACTERIUM.		02.3110
Soft Tissue Infections
Infections of non-skeletal tissue, i.e., exclusive of bone, ligaments, cartilage, and fibrous tissue. The concept is usually referred to as skin and soft tissue infections and usually subcutaneous and muscle tissue are involved. The predisposing factors in anaerobic infections are trauma, ischemia, and surgery. The organisms often derive from the fecal or oral flora, particularly in wounds associated with intestinal surgery, decubitus ulcer, and human bites. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1688)		02.3110
Bartonella henselae Infection
[description not available]		02.2110
Cat-Scratch Disease
A self-limiting bacterial infection of the regional lymph nodes caused by AFIPIA felis, a gram-negative bacterium recently identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and by BARTONELLA HENSELAE. It usually arises one or more weeks following a feline scratch, with raised inflammatory nodules at the site of the scratch being the primary symptom.		02.2110
Osteomyelitis
INFLAMMATION of the bone as a result of infection. It may be caused by a variety of infectious agents, especially pyogenic (PUS - producing) BACTERIA.		02.2110
Bacterial Pneumonia
[description not available]		03.8640
Pulmonary Consumption
[description not available]		02.2110
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.		02.2110
Pneumonia, Bacterial
Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by bacterial infections.		03.8640
Haemophilus Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus HAEMOPHILUS.		03.1750
Middle Ear Inflammation
[description not available]		02.5120
Acute Disease
Disease having a short and relatively severe course.		04.341
Otitis Media
Inflammation of the MIDDLE EAR including the AUDITORY OSSICLES and the EUSTACHIAN TUBE.		02.5120
Mycoplasma dispar Infection
[description not available]		04.1831
Corneal Diseases
Diseases of the cornea.		02.4720
Foreign-Body Granuloma
[description not available]		02.110
Experimental Lung Inflammation
Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma.		03.6130
Pneumonia
Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation.		03.6130
Acute Kidney Failure
[description not available]		02.7230
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the large airways in the lung including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to the TERTIARY BRONCHI.		02.4420
Acute Kidney Injury
Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions.		02.7230
Complication, Postoperative
[description not available]		02.0510
Postoperative Complications
Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.		02.0510
Absence Seizure
[description not available]		02.420
Seizures
Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.		02.420
Infections, Chlamydia
[description not available]		04.8742
Female Genital Diseases
[description not available]		03.4311
Chlamydia Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDIA.		04.8742
Genital Diseases, Female
Pathological processes involving the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).		03.4311
Infections, Respiratory
[description not available]		04.3270
Respiratory Tract Infections
Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases.		04.3270
Hematologic Malignancies
[description not available]		02.4920
Pyrexia
[description not available]		04.1131
Fever
An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.		04.1131
Neutropenia
A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood.		09.1131
Hematologic Neoplasms
Neoplasms located in the blood and blood-forming tissue (the bone marrow and lymphatic tissue). The commonest forms are the various types of LEUKEMIA, of LYMPHOMA, and of the progressive, life-threatening forms of the MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES.		02.4920
Infections, Pneumococcal
[description not available]		04.0450
Pneumococcal Infections
Infections with bacteria of the species STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE.		04.0450
Parodontosis
[description not available]		02.9210
Periodontal Diseases
Pathological processes involving the PERIODONTIUM including the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS), the DENTAL CEMENTUM, and the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.		02.9210
Food Poisoning, Salmonella
[description not available]		02.9310
Infections, Salmonella
[description not available]		04.9931
Gastroenteritis
INFLAMMATION of any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. Causes of gastroenteritis are many including genetic, infection, HYPERSENSITIVITY, drug effects, and CANCER.		02.9310
Salmonella Food Poisoning
Poisoning caused by ingestion of food harboring species of SALMONELLA. Conditions of raising, shipping, slaughtering, and marketing of domestic animals contribute to the spread of this bacterium in the food supply.		02.9310
Anaphylactic Reaction
[description not available]		02.0110
Odontalgia
[description not available]		02.0110
Anaphylaxis
An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death.		07.0110
Toothache
Pain in the adjacent areas of the teeth.		02.0110
Chronic Illness
[description not available]		03.7921
Interstitial Nephritis
[description not available]		07.0210
Chronic Disease
Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).		03.7921
Nephritis, Interstitial
Inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidney. This term is generally used for primary inflammation of KIDNEY TUBULES and/or surrounding interstitium. For primary inflammation of glomerular interstitium, see GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. Infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the interstitial compartment results in EDEMA, increased spaces between the tubules, and tubular renal dysfunction.		02.0210
Actinomycetales Infections
Infections with bacteria of the order ACTINOMYCETALES.		02.0210
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections
Opportunistic infections found in patients who test positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most common include PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA, Kaposi's sarcoma, cryptosporidiosis, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and infections with Mycobacterium avium complex, Microsporidium, and Cytomegalovirus.		02.0210
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infection
[description not available]		02.730
Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Disease
[description not available]		02.4320
Gonorrhea
Acute infectious disease characterized by primary invasion of the urogenital tract. The etiologic agent, NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE, was isolated by Neisser in 1879.		02.730
Urethritis
Inflammation involving the URETHRA. Similar to CYSTITIS, clinical symptoms range from vague discomfort to painful urination (DYSURIA), urethral discharge, or both.		04.0831
Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial
Bacterial diseases transmitted or propagated by sexual conduct.		02.4320
ENT Diseases
[description not available]		02.4320
Moraxella Infections
[description not available]		02.0210
Balanitis
Inflammation of the head of the PENIS, glans penis.		02.0210
Group A Strep Infection
[description not available]		02.6930
Streptococcal Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS.		02.6930
Allergy, Drug
[description not available]		02.4220
Purpura, Thrombopenic
[description not available]		02.0310
Drug Hypersensitivity
Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.		02.4220
Purpura, Thrombocytopenic
Any form of purpura in which the PLATELET COUNT is decreased. Many forms are thought to be caused by immunological mechanisms.		02.0310
Primary Peritonitis
[description not available]		03.7921
Peritonitis
INFLAMMATION of the PERITONEUM lining the ABDOMINAL CAVITY as the result of infectious, autoimmune, or chemical processes. Primary peritonitis is due to infection of the PERITONEAL CAVITY via hematogenous or lymphatic spread and without intra-abdominal source. Secondary peritonitis arises from the ABDOMINAL CAVITY itself through RUPTURE or ABSCESS of intra-abdominal organs.		03.7921
Acute Bacterial Prostatitis
[description not available]		04.3522
Cystitis
Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated with painful urination (dysuria), increased frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain.		09.6332
Prostatitis
Infiltration of inflammatory cells into the parenchyma of PROSTATE. The subtypes are classified by their varied laboratory analysis, clinical presentation and response to treatment.		09.3522
Pericementitis
[description not available]		03.3711
Bone Inflammation
[description not available]		03.3711
Pericoronitis
Inflammation of the gingiva surrounding the crown of a tooth.		03.3711
Periodontitis
Inflammation and loss of connective tissues supporting or surrounding the teeth. This may involve any part of the PERIODONTIUM. Periodontitis is currently classified by disease progression (CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS; AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS) instead of age of onset. (From 1999 International Workshop for a Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions, American Academy of Periodontology)		03.3711
Adenoma, Prostatic
[description not available]		04.6232
Pyuria
The presence of white blood cells (LEUKOCYTES) in the urine. It is often associated with bacterial infections of the urinary tract. Pyuria without BACTERIURIA can be caused by TUBERCULOSIS, stones, or cancer.		03.3711
Prostatic Hyperplasia
Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE, leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse impact on the lower urinary tract function. This can be caused by increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death, or both.		04.6232
Urinary Tract Infections
Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.		010.6773
Recrudescence
[description not available]		03.7821
Disease, Pulmonary
[description not available]		01.9810
Lung Diseases
Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.		01.9810
Giardia duodenalis Infection
[description not available]		01.9910
Paratyphoid Fever
A prolonged febrile illness commonly caused by several Paratyphi serotypes of SALMONELLA ENTERICA. It is similar to TYPHOID FEVER but less severe.		02.420
Giardiasis
An infection of the SMALL INTESTINE caused by the flagellated protozoan GIARDIA. It is spread via contaminated food and water and by direct person-to-person contact.		01.9910
Bacterial Skin Diseases
[description not available]		0210
Skin Diseases, Bacterial
Skin diseases caused by bacteria.		0210
Hematochezia
The passage of bright red blood from the rectum. The blood may or may not be mixed with formed stool in the form of blood, blood clots, bloody stool or diarrhea.		0210
Colitis
Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER.		0210
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.		0210
Dermatitis Medicamentosa
[description not available]		0210
Enteric Fever
[description not available]		04.0731
Typhoid Fever
An acute systemic febrile infection caused by SALMONELLA TYPHI, a serotype of SALMONELLA ENTERICA.		09.0731
Enterocolitis
Inflammation of the MUCOSA of both the SMALL INTESTINE and the LARGE INTESTINE. Etiology includes ISCHEMIA, infections, allergic, and immune responses.		0710
Carcinoma, Epidermoid
[description not available]		0210
Lymph Node Metastasis
[description not available]		0210
Cancer of Mouth
[description not available]		0210
Eosinophilia, Pulmonary
[description not available]		0210
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		0210
Mouth Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.		0210
Pulmonary Eosinophilia
A condition characterized by infiltration of the lung with EOSINOPHILS due to inflammation or other disease processes. Major eosinophilic lung diseases are the eosinophilic pneumonias caused by infections, allergens, or toxic agents.		0210
Community Acquired Infection
[description not available]		03.820
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		03.5930
Kidney Failure
A severe irreversible decline in the ability of kidneys to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism.		02.9210
Renal Insufficiency
Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.		02.9210
Infections, Pseudomonas
[description not available]		02.3820
Pseudomonas Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS.		02.3820
Necrotizing Pyelonephritis
[description not available]		03.7621
Pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and occasionally DIARRHEA.		03.7621
Cystic Fibrosis of Pancreas
[description not available]		01.9710
Cystic Fibrosis
An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.		06.9710
Pus
[description not available]		01.9710
Bacteroides Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus BACTEROIDES.		02.3820
Mandibular Diseases
Diseases involving the MANDIBLE.		01.9710
Diarrhea
An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight.		03.7621
Cerebral Nocardiosis
[description not available]		01.9710
Enteritis
Inflammation of any segment of the SMALL INTESTINE.		09.3222
Kidney Diseases
Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.		01.9710
Muscle Contraction
A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.		01.9710
Pregnancy
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.		01.9710
Empyema, Gall Bladder
[description not available]		01.9710
Cholecystitis
Inflammation of the GALLBLADDER; generally caused by impairment of BILE flow, GALLSTONES in the BILIARY TRACT, infections, or other diseases.		06.9710