Page last updated: 2024-09-28

Blow Out Fracture

Fractures of the bones in the orbit, which include parts of the frontal, ethmoidal, lacrimal, and sphenoid bones and the maxilla and zygoma.

Synonyms(5)

Synonym
Orbital Fracture
Orbital Fractures
Fractures, Blow-Out
Blow Out Fracture
Blow-Out Fractures

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"Although orbital fractures are common, orbital cellulitis rarely develops following orbital fracture."( Chien, HF; Shieh, JY; Wen, CY; Wu, CH, 2001)
"Orbital fractures are frequently accompanied by ocular injury."( Read, RW; Sires, BS, 1998)
"Orbital fractures are common."( Asleh, SA; Lavy, T, 2003)
"Nasoethmoid orbital fractures are perhaps the most complicated aspect of craniomaxillofacial trauma."( Rice, DH; Young, PA, 2007)
"Orbital fractures are some of the more challenging injuries faced by the plastic surgeon."( Banerji, S; Boyd, V; Cole, P; Hollier, LH, 2007)
"Orbital fractures are not considered an ophthalmologic emergency unless there is visual impairment or globe injury."( Briganti, F; Brunese, L; Cappabianca, S; Caranci, F; Cicala, D; Fonio, P, 2012)
"Orbital fractures are some of the most challenging injuries the oral surgeon deals with on a daily basis."( Ghali, GE; Palmieri, CF, 2012)
"Orbital fractures are injuries frequently related to traumas of the midface."( Cetira Filho, EL; Mello, MJR; Rocha, SSD; Rodrigues, PHC; Sales, PHDH; Silva, LF, 2017)
"Orbital fractures are common."( Ellis, MF; Purnell, CA; Vaca, EE, 2018)
"Orbital fractures are high prevalent and result in several complications such as diplopia, muscular entrapment, visual impairment, and enophthalmos."( Carvalho, PHA; Gabrielli, MAC; Moura, LB; Pereira-Filho, VA, 2018)
"Orbital fractures are among the most frequent facial traumas."( Battisti, A; Della Monaca, M; Di Giorgio, D; Fadda, M; Marchese, G; Priore, P; Terenzi, V; Valentini, V, 2022)
"Although orbital fractures are common, prediction of outcomes in orbital surgery can be quite challenging."( Amundson, M; Bell, RB; Demirel, S; Dierks, E; Govind, A; Lee, K, 2023)

Context

ExcerptReference
"Pure orbital fractures have the tendency to occur on medial wall and orbital floor; because these points are more fragile, the endoscopy can be utilized for accomplishing the task of repositioning the herniated content, as well as serving as an additional tool, helping to view the orbital defects through a transantral approach."( Bonardi, JP; Dallazen, E; Hochuli-Vieira, E; Martins, TH; Pereira-Stabile, CL; Stabile, GA, 2017)

Actions

ExcerptReference
"The location of the orbital fracture affects the enophthalmos, in our group of patients the largest incidence occurred in the fracture located in the orbital floor combined with medial wall."( Gontarz, M; Koryczan, P; Wyszyńska-Pawelec, G; Zapała, J, 2020)

Treatment

ExcerptReference
"One hundred forty-four orbital fractures treated between 1982 and 1987 were examined with special attention to the specific anatomic architecture and biomechanical aspects of the craniofacial skeleton."( Wanyura, H, 1998)
"The goals of reconstruction when treating orbital fractures include restoration of internal wall continuity and provision of support to the orbital contents."( Oliver, AJ, 2000)
"Treating orbital fractures under nasal endoscopic surgery has advantages such as no incision on face, less damage, clear view and easy recheck after operation."( Hu, Y; Liu, W; Song, W; Wang, G; Wang, L; Xie, W, 2001)
"Twelve patients with orbital fractures were treated using individually preformed titanium implants."( Gutwald, R; Metzger, MC; Schmelzeisen, R; Schön, R; Weyer, N; Zizelmann, C, 2007)
"This study consisted of 21 cases with orbital fractures treated at the Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, China, between July 2002 and June 2006."( Li, X; Lin, Y; Liu, L; Long, J; Tang, W; Tian, W; Wang, H; Wang, S; Xiao, J; Zheng, X, 2008)
"Treatment of zygomatic-orbital fractures with small local incisions is minimally invasive and the facial appearance and function can be recovered significantly with few complications."( Dai, JH; Wang, SY; Yang, J, 2009)
"In this study, 588 cranio-orbital fractures following blunt trauma were evaluated retrospectively with regard to the anatomical site and surgical treatment."( Atar, EK; Emel, E; Gocmen-Mas, N; Karabekir, HS; Karacayli, U; Koymen, R; Ozkan, N, 2012)
"Delay of the treatment of orbital fractures impacts the final result."( Ghali, GE; Palmieri, CF, 2012)
"Next, ten cases for delayed surgical treatment of orbital fracture were included into this study (7 males, 3 females)."( Kozakiewicz, M, 2014)
"The objectives of surgical treatment for orbital fracture are to return soft tissue to its original position as well as reduce and fix the bone fragments properly."( Jo, EJ; Kim, JH; Yang, HJ, 2015)
"Surgical treatment of open orbital fractures with simultaneous repair of orbital fracture and soft tissue within 48 hours after trauma could correct enophthalmos, hypoglobus and eye movement function effectively and improve periorbital aesthetics."( Dong, S; Hu, JY; Lu, W; Song, LY; Sun, H; Wu, PS, 2016)
"The best treatment of pediatric orbital fractures is debated and different strategies are proposed in the literature."( Baj, A; Beltramini, GA; Giannì, AB; Laganà, FC; Segna, E, 2016)
"Patients with isolated orbital fractures, treated by the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department in Auckland from 2010-2015, were reviewed."( Anand, L; Sealey, C, 2017)
"Treatment of orbital fractures involves restoration of lost bone anatomy and orbital volume."( Costa Filho, JZ; Costa, PJC; de Gauw, JH; Moreira, RT; Ribeiro Júnior, PD, 2018)

Research

Studies (1,258)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-1990162 (12.88)23.3326
1990's221 (17.57)12.5806
2000's265 (21.07)18.1394
2010's434 (34.50)28.8240
2020's176 (13.99)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
salicylic acid0low40
lactic acid0medium211
formaldehyde0low30
glycolic acid0low10
dalteparin0low10
methanol0low110
nickel0low40
acetaminophen0medium11
acetazolamide0low30
chlorpromazine0low10
gentamicin0low10
glyphosate0low10
haloperidol0low10
lidocaine0low20
iodixanol0low10
2-propanol0low70
lorazepam0low10
meperidine0low10
ofloxacin0low10
promethazine0low10
saccharin0low10
tetracaine0low10
urethane0low10
prednisolone0low20
prednisone0medium31
chloramphenicol0low20
cephalothin0low10
mannitol0low10
ethylene0low20
ethylene oxide0low10
isoprene0low50
methylmethacrylate0low30
methylprednisolone0medium101
dilactide0low20
caprolactam0low10
nafcillin0low10
glycopyrrolate0low20
durapatite0medium273
enbucrilate0low10
tantalum0low20
technetium0low10
titanium0medium1629
gold0low10
phosphoric acid, trisodium salt0low10
calcium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous0low10
calcium phosphate, monobasic, anhydrous0low10
tricalcium phosphate0low70
calcium sulfate0low10
carticaine0low10
propiconazole0medium98515
paroxetine0low10
fomesafen0low30
triazoles0low20
voriconazole0low10
ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate0low10
fibrinogen0low50
levofloxacin0low10
terephthalamidine0low10
calcium pyrophosphate0low10
atropine0low20
povidone-iodine0low10
fibrin0low10
glucosamine0low10
inositol 3-phosphate0low30
cocaine0low10
posaconazole0low10
phenylephrine hydrochloride0medium671
oxycodone0medium21
deamino arginine vasopressin0low10
amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate combination0medium42
scopolamine hydrobromide0low10
jaw0low20
bucladesine0low10
tetracycline0low10
warfarin0low30
transforming growth factor beta0low10
rome0low20
agar0low10
orabase0low10
exudates0low10
acyclovir0low10
eye0low360

Protein Targets (868)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit5005
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma180018
GLI family zinc finger 3190019
AR protein220022
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1120012
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1200020
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha120012
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha290029
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta7007
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a9009
activating transcription factor 66006
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)100010
Histone H2A.x8008
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a5005
heat shock protein beta-15005
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1170017
lamin isoform A-delta10100010
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit6006
Glutamate receptor 26006
ATAD5 protein, partial6006
GLS protein6006
Microtubule-associated protein tau5005
Smad33003
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor6006
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3120012
progesterone receptor130013
EWS/FLI fusion protein9009
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha210021
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma100010
aryl hydrocarbon receptor6006
chromobox protein homolog 17007
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2130013
peripheral myelin protein 226006
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 14004
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi4207
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3016016
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4016016
Solute carrier family 22 member 60405
Carbonic anhydrase 1206110
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A90103
Bile salt export pump0505
Bile salt export pump023023
Cytochrome P450 2B10001
Cytochrome P450 1A10001
Carbonic anhydrase 109115
Carbonic anhydrase 209215
Myoglobin0101
Cytochrome P450 1A10012
Cytochrome P450 1A20113
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10101
Carbonic anhydrase 306110
Cytochrome P450 3A4010112
Cytochrome P450 2D60516
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0909
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX150202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-14207
Sulfotransferase 1A1 0001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta4207
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-24207
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-60001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-54207
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-34207
Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein0202
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 0001
Carbonic anhydrase 408111
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10202
Carbonic anhydrase 60619
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-14207
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-24207
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-44207
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-34207
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-64207
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial07111
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20203
Carbonic anhydrase 70619
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma2002
Cytochrome P450 2J20505
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-14207
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-34207
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-24207
Carbonic anhydrase 908112
GABA theta subunit4207
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1015015
Carbonic anhydrase 150405
Carbonic anhydrase 130507
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon4207
Carbonic anhydrase 1406110
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial07111
toxin B0001
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE5005
Chain A, CARBONIC ANHYDRASE II0011
Chain A, CARBONIC ANHYDRASE II0011
Chain A, CARBONIC ANHYDRASE II0011
Chain A, Carbonic Anhydrase Ii0011
Chain A, Carbonic Anhydrase Ii0011
Chain A, Beta-lactamase4004
Chain A, Endochitinase0101
Chain A, Endochitinase0101
Chain A, Endochitinase0101
Chain A, Class Iii Chitinase Chia10101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 130101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase II0101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase0101
Chain B, Carbonic anhydrase0101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Carbonic anhydrase 0002
Carbonic anhydrase 0303
thioredoxin reductase110011
GALC protein2002
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4120012
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]210021
Carbonic anhydrase 0303
Carbonic anhydrase 0303
arylsulfatase A5005
Carbonic anhydrase0303
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2130013
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 13003
geminin130013
survival motor neuron protein isoform d3003
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 13003
Carbonic anhydrase0202
Prolyl endopeptidase0101
Carbonic anhydrase-related protein 110102
Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form0101
Renin0202
Carbonic anhydrase 20202
Cathepsin B0101
Steryl-sulfatase0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0707
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase0101
Cytochrome P450 2C80101
Cytochrome P450 2A60101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0707
Androgen receptor0505
Translocator protein0112
Cannabinoid receptor 10101
Cytochrome P450 2B60202
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0202
Adenosine receptor A10202
Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 10101
Dipeptidyl peptidase 40102
Endochitinase0101
Adenosine receptor A2a0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0707
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter08110
Delta-type opioid receptor0506
Cytochrome P450 2C190202
Delta-type opioid receptor0719
Mu-type opioid receptor07111
Carbonic anhydrase0202
Kappa-type opioid receptor0506
Carbonic anhydrase0101
D(1A) dopamine receptor4206
Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 10101
Carbonic anhydrase0303
D(2) dopamine receptor0607
Cholinesterase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0202
Mu-type opioid receptor0606
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 10202
Beta-carbonic anhydrase 10303
Carbonic anhydrase 20303
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0404
Squalene synthase0101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-70101
Carbonic anhydrase0202
Carbonic anhydrase, alpha family 0303
Carbonic anhydrase 0202
Carbonic anhydrase 30101
Carbonic anhydrase0203
Carbonic anhydrase0304
Carbonic anhydrase 0303
Sigma intracellular receptor 20202
Delta carbonic anhydrase0303
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10202
Renin0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0202
Endochitinase A10101
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 10101
Carbonic anhydrase 130315
Carbonic anhydrase 40404
Acidic mammalian chitinase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 70101
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 2, isoform A 0101
Chain E, Purine nucleoside phosphorylase0101
Chain A, HADH2 protein4004
Chain B, HADH2 protein4004
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q11001
Chain A, Ferritin light chain3003
Thymidine kinase 0101
phosphopantetheinyl transferase5005
TDP1 protein160016
hemoglobin subunit beta1001
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor1001
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a2002
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 0708
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase0101
Thymidine kinase, cytosolic0001
POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 20001
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 172002
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase0011
Solute carrier family 22 member 60203
Thymidine kinase 0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 80204
Thymidine kinase0101
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase8008
pregnane X nuclear receptor120012
cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator0101
DNA polymerase beta3003
short transient receptor potential channel 6 isoform 10011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4010010
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2013117
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4012115
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M109112
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M307110
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M407110
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M507110
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5012115
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M208213
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1013117
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10001
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3012115
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0808
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C010010
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40101
Histamine H2 receptor3005
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70505
Reverse transcriptase/RNaseH 0001
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor0112
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE5005
glp-1 receptor, partial4004
vasopressin V1b receptor1001
cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha regulatory subunit0011
cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-beta regulatory subunit0011
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor1001
plasminogen precursor1001
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform 10011
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor1001
relaxin receptor 1 isoform 11001
relaxin receptor 2 isoform 11001
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A1001
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform 30011
SMAD family member 25005
SMAD family member 35005
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease4004
caspase-34004
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase3003
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A3003
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
endonuclease IV1001
WRN1001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Metallo-beta-lactamase type 20001
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-11 0001
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-20001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Metallo-beta-lactamase0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 13003
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA6006
DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 isoform b0101
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 11001
flap endonuclease 14004
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK11001
snurportin-11001
DNA polymerase eta isoform 11001
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)3003
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 14004
carboxy-terminal domain RNA polymerase II polypeptide A small phosphatase 1 isoform 10101
Solute carrier family 22 member 80202
Beta-lactamase0001
Beta-lactamase0102
Beta-lactamase SHV-10001
Beta-lactamase SHV-10001
Beta-lactamase OXA-10001
Beta-lactamase0001
Solute carrier family 15 member 10101
Spike glycoprotein82212
Beta-lactamase TEM0001
B2 metallo-beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Solute carrier family 15 member 20101
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-130001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Efflux transporter 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-20001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase Toho-10001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Solute carrier family 22 member 70102
Metallo-beta-lactamase0001
Solute carrier family 15 member 20101
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Metallo-b-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC0001
Histamine H3 receptor0001
Beta-lactamase class B VIM-2 0001
Solute carrier family 22 member 110102
Solute carrier family 22 member 80101
Beta-lactamase VIM-1 0001
Solute carrier family 22 member 70102
phosphoglycerate kinase1001
interleukin 83003
farnesoid X nuclear receptor6006
G6006
cytochrome P450 2D67007
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor9009
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a4004
streptokinase A precursor0033
lethal factor (plasmid)3003
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase0002
Interferon beta8008
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 6006
30S ribosomal protein S60202
30S ribosomal protein S70202
50S ribosomal protein L150202
Cellular tumor antigen p53150015
50S ribosomal protein L100202
50S ribosomal protein L110202
50S ribosomal protein L7/L120202
50S ribosomal protein L190202
50S ribosomal protein L10202
50S ribosomal protein L200202
50S ribosomal protein L270202
50S ribosomal protein L280202
50S ribosomal protein L290202
50S ribosomal protein L310202
50S ribosomal protein L31 type B0202
50S ribosomal protein L320202
50S ribosomal protein L330202
50S ribosomal protein L340202
50S ribosomal protein L350202
50S ribosomal protein L360202
30S ribosomal protein S100202
30S ribosomal protein S110202
30S ribosomal protein S120202
30S ribosomal protein S130202
30S ribosomal protein S160202
30S ribosomal protein S180202
30S ribosomal protein S190202
30S ribosomal protein S200202
30S ribosomal protein S20202
30S ribosomal protein S30202
30S ribosomal protein S40202
30S ribosomal protein S50202
30S ribosomal protein S80202
30S ribosomal protein S90202
50S ribosomal protein L130202
50S ribosomal protein L140202
50S ribosomal protein L160202
50S ribosomal protein L230202
30S ribosomal protein S150202
50S ribosomal protein L170202
50S ribosomal protein L210202
50S ribosomal protein L300202
50S ribosomal protein L60202
30S ribosomal protein S140202
30S ribosomal protein S170202
30S ribosomal protein S10202
50S ribosomal protein L180202
50S ribosomal protein L20202
50S ribosomal protein L30202
50S ribosomal protein L240202
50S ribosomal protein L40202
50S ribosomal protein L220202
50S ribosomal protein L50202
30S ribosomal protein S210202
50S ribosomal protein L250202
50S ribosomal protein L36 20202
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 16006
Methionine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial0011
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial6006
Proteasome subunit beta type-110001
acetylcholinesterase6006
Fumarate hydratase3003
USP1 protein, partial2002
NFKB1 protein, partial2002
Thrombopoietin2002
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)8008
NADPH oxidase 10101
polyprotein3003
67.9K protein1001
Snq2p0002
IDH14004
Adenylate cyclase type 1 0303
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor7007
Caspase-71001
Spike glycoprotein0224
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0325
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 12002
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a3003
D(1A) dopamine receptor4004
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d5005
caspase-31001
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 31001
mitogen-activated protein kinase 15005
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 precursor2002
ras-related protein Rab-9A2002
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 14004
M-phase phosphoprotein 83003
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 15005
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M14004
Proteasome subunit alpha type-70001
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B3003
Transmembrane protease serine 20224
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0101
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 10202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F0404
Potassium channel subfamily K member 20303
Epidermal growth factor receptor0101
Albumin0134
Albumin0033
Major prion protein0033
Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 10101
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-20101
Major prion protein0011
Integrin beta-33003
Tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn0101
Procathepsin L0224
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10909
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10508
Integrin alpha-IIb3003
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0314
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0718
Replicase polyprotein 1a0224
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0224
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0224
Cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel0101
Calmodulin-10314
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0224
Angiotensin-converting enzyme0505
D(2) dopamine receptor06110
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0606
Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase0101
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0606
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0707
D0505
D(3) dopamine receptor0505
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0707
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0505
D(2) dopamine receptor0303
Proteasome subunit beta type-10001
Substance-K receptor0202
D(1A) dopamine receptor0608
D(4) dopamine receptor0418
D(1B) dopamine receptor0305
Adenylate cyclase type 30303
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0505
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A40002
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0505
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0606
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter 010111
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0808
Histamine H2 receptor0606
D(1B) dopamine receptor0404
Proteasome subunit alpha type-10001
Proteasome subunit alpha type-20001
Proteasome subunit alpha type-30001
Proteasome subunit alpha type-40001
Adenylate cyclase type 20303
Adenylate cyclase type 40303
Proteasome subunit beta type-80001
Proteasome subunit beta type-90001
Proteasome subunit alpha type-50001
Proteasome subunit beta type-40001
Proteasome subunit beta type-60001
Proteasome subunit beta type-50001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0808
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0606
Trypanothione reductase0404
D(4) dopamine receptor0404
Histamine H1 receptor0112
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter010111
Melanocortin receptor 40202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 0303
Melanocortin receptor 50202
Pleiotropic ABC efflux transporter of multiple drugs0204
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70202
Histamine H1 receptor0606
Mu-type opioid receptor08413
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 0303
D(3) dopamine receptor06110
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0202
Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha0303
Adenylate cyclase type 80303
Proteasome subunit beta type-100001
Delta-type opioid receptor0528
Kappa-type opioid receptor0528
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0606
Melanocortin receptor 30202
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0606
Proteasome subunit beta type-30001
Proteasome subunit beta type-20001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60505
Gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor0202
Proteasome subunit alpha type-60012
Calmodulin 0123
Aldehyde oxidase 10101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A 0303
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0303
Sodium channel protein type 7 subunit alpha0303
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D 0404
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter 0617
Adenylate cyclase type 60303
Adenylate cyclase type 50303
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 10101
Aldehyde oxidase0202
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2015015
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S0404
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0404
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha0404
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0101
Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha0505
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0303
Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 3 0404
Adenylyl cyclase 7 0303
Proteasome subunit alpha-type 80001
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0303
D0202
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0303
Proteasome subunit beta type-70001
Ataxin-29009
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1014014
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 0224
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0404
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0303
Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha0202
Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha0303
Histamine H3 receptor0101
Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha0202
Chain A, CHIMERA OF IG KAPPA CHAIN: HUMAN CONSTANT REGION AND MOUSE VARIABLE REGION0011
Chain B, CHIMERA OF IG GAMMA-1 CHAIN: HUMAN CONSTANT REGION AND MOUSE VARIABLE REGION0011
Chain H, Fab M82G2, Heavy chain0011
Chain L, Fab M82G2, Light chain0011
Chain H, Fab M82g2, Heavy Chain0011
Chain L, Fab M82g2, Light Chain0011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta0101
Amyloid-beta precursor protein0101
Fatty acid-binding protein, heart0101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20101
Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20101
Liver carboxylesterase 10002
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-30101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-50101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5B0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0101
Lysosomal Pro-X carboxypeptidase0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D0101
Leukotriene B4 receptor 10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-60101
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0303
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-30101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0101
Leukotriene B4 receptor 20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta0101
Transporter0404
Vasopressin V2 receptor0112
Oxytocin receptor0011
Vasopressin V1a receptor0112
Vasopressin V1b receptor0112
Translocator protein0101
Vasopressin V2 receptor 0112
Chain A, CARBONIC ANHYDRASE II0101
Chain A, CARBONIC ANHYDRASE II0101
Chain A, CARBONIC ANHYDRASE II0101
Androgen receptor0303
Luciferase2002
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 57007
Chain A, 3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase0101
Chain A, 3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase0101
Glutamine synthetase 0101
Cytochrome P450 71B10102
Glutamine synthetase 0101
2-dehydro-3-deoxyphosphooctonate aldolase0101
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 31001
15-lipoxygenase, partial2002
regulator of G-protein signaling 43003
nonstructural protein 13003
glucocerebrosidase2002
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 11001
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor1001
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 13003
transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 11001
Cocaine esterase0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0101
Vitamin D-binding protein0101
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain 0011
Integrin beta-10101
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0202
Integrin alpha-40101
Carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 10001
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B70102
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0101
Beta-3 adrenergic receptor0101
Histamine H1 receptor0202
C-8 sterol isomerase0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C 0101
Kappa-type opioid receptor0416
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0101
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0101
D(2) dopamine receptor0101
D(3) dopamine receptor0101
AP-2 complex subunit sigma0101
N-acetyltransferase Eis0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0101
TAR DNA-binding protein 433003
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 40101
3-beta-hydroxysteroid-Delta(8),Delta(7)-isomerase0101
Calcitonin gene-related peptide type 1 receptor0101
Genome polyprotein 0202
Sigma intracellular receptor 20101
Zinc finger protein 6640101
Vesicular acetylcholine transporter0101
Transporter0101
Cholecystokinin receptor type A0101
Protease 0303
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 40101
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10202
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 20101
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase6006
Chymotrypsinogen A0202
CAAX prenyl protease 2 isoform 20001
Tubulin beta-4A chain0101
Tubulin beta chain0101
Tubulin alpha-3C chain0101
Tubulin alpha-1B chain0101
Tubulin alpha-4A chain0101
Tubulin beta-4B chain0101
DNA gyrase subunit A0203
DNA primase0101
Tubulin beta-3 chain0101
Tubulin beta-2A chain0101
Tubulin beta-8 chain0101
Tubulin alpha-3E chain0101
Tubulin alpha-1A chain0101
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 10202
Tubulin alpha-1C chain0101
Tubulin beta-6 chain0101
Tubulin beta-2B chain0101
Tubulin beta-1 chain0101
Potassium channel subfamily K member 30202
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 50101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 20101
Potassium channel subfamily K member 180101
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver0202
Translocator protein0101
lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 isoform I1001
Kappa-type opioid receptor0326
Mu-type opioid receptor0327
PPM1D protein2002
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)3003
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B1001
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 22002
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 24004
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20011
Glucocorticoid receptor06213
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-10606
Glycine receptor subunit beta0606
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-20606
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-30606
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20011
Opioid receptor, delta 1b 0101
Acetylcholinesterase0202
Opioid receptor homologue0101
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10101
Acyl-CoA desaturase 10101
Histidine decarboxylase0011
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10101
Proteinase-activated receptor 10112
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A30001
Nociceptin receptor0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0101
Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor member X20011
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
STE240001
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor2002
CAAX prenyl protease0001
Trypsin0001
DNA gyrase subunit A0102
DNA gyrase subunit B0102
DNA gyrase subunit B0102
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor1001
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter0101
Myeloperoxidase0101
Quinolone resistance protein NorA0101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 10101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 30101
Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 10112
Substance-P receptor0101
Rhodopsin kinase GRK10101
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 50101
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 50101
P2X purinoceptor 40101
Envelope glycoprotein0011
Rhodopsin kinase GRK10101
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0101
P2X purinoceptor 40101
Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 10001
beta-2 adrenergic receptor1001
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein2002
mu-type opioid receptor isoform MOR-10011
Vpr1001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0011
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-41001
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-21001
Sterol 14-alpha-demethylase0022
14-alpha sterol demethylase 0022
Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase0101
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase0022
Aromatase0101
Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial0101
Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial0101
Sterol 14-alpha demethylase0022
Sterol 14-alpha demethylase0112
14-alpha sterol demethylase 0022
14-alpha sterol demethylase 0022
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG20101
luciferase0001
Estrogen receptor0202
Progesterone receptor0203
Glucocorticoid receptor0112
Glucocorticoid receptor0011
Corticosteroid-binding globulin0101
Mineralocorticoid receptor 0213
Glutamine synthetase0011
Nociceptin receptor0011
Estrogen receptor beta0202
pregnane X receptor2002
thioredoxin glutathione reductase2002
huntingtin isoform 21001
Inositol monophosphatase 11001
Voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B0101
Chloroquine resistance transporter0101
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)1001
heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha isoform 20102
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G1001
heat shock protein 90, putative0001
Sphingosine kinase 20202
Sphingosine kinase 10101
Genome polyprotein 0101
Neuraminidase 0202
glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform 10011
Polyphenol oxidase 20203
Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A0101
L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain0101
Albumin0101
Neuraminidase0101
Sialidase0101
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator0011
Acetylcholinesterase0202
Substance-P receptor0101
Bifunctional epoxide hydrolase 20101
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase0101
Prolyl endopeptidase0101
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 100101
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 140101
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase 0101
Substance-K receptor0101
Neuromedin-U receptor 20011
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursor1001
Cholinesterase0101
Taste receptor type 2 member 310011
RmtA0101
Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 10101
chaperonin-containing TCP-1 beta subunit homolog1001
Estrogen receptor beta0001
Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta0001
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-20001
Polymerase acidic protein0011
Stromelysin-10112
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase YopH0101
High mobility group protein B10011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-10101
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 10103
Estrogen receptor0001
Cystathionine gamma-lyase0101
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-10001
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-20001
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase0101
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-10001
Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 200101
Solute carrier family 22 member 60101
Ubiquitin-like domain-containing CTD phosphatase 10101
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-30001
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-20001
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-10001
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A0101
cGMP-gated cation channel alpha-10011
90-kda heat shock protein beta HSP90 beta, partial0101
estrogen receptor beta isoform 10101
tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 7 isoform 20101
Tetracycline resistance protein, class B0001
72 kDa type IV collagenase0101
Multidrug transporter MdfA0101
Neutrophil collagenase0101
Alpha-synuclein0101
Collagenase 30101
Cannabinoid receptor 10101
Integrase 0101
P2Y purinoceptor 120101
Protein-arginine deiminase type-40101
Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial 0011
Cytochrome P450 1440011
Steroid C26-monooxygenase0011
Steroid C26-monooxygenase0011
Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase0213
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 70101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 10101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 10101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 10101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 0202
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]