epiroprim profile

Epiroprim is a synthetic antibacterial agent that combines the structural features of the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitor trimethoprim with those of the dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) inhibitor pyrimethamine. This unique structure allows epiroprim to exhibit dual inhibitory activity against both DHFR and DHPS, critical enzymes in the folate biosynthesis pathway essential for bacterial growth. Epiroprim's dual-targeting mechanism has shown promising preclinical efficacy against various bacterial infections, including those caused by multidrug-resistant strains. The compound's potential to overcome antibiotic resistance, a growing global health concern, is a key area of research interest. Studies are ongoing to assess epiroprim's safety, pharmacokinetic profile, and clinical efficacy in human trials.'

epiroprim: an analog of trimethoprim with improved antimicrobial and pharmacokinetic properties; structure given in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	68916
CHEMBL ID	280378
SCHEMBL ID	75698
MeSH ID	M0220728

Synonym
2,4-pyrimidinediamine, 5-((3,5-diethoxy-4-(1h-pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl)methyl)-
brn 4273487
epiroprime [inn-french]
2,4-diamino-5-(3,5-diethoxy-4-pyrrol-1-ylbenzyl)pyrimidine
epiroprim [inn]
5-((3,5-diethoxy-4-(1h-pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl)methyl)-2,4-pyrimidinediamine
epiroprima [inn-spanish]
epiroprimum [inn-latin]
bdbm50029763
ro-11-8958
ro 11-8958
epiroprim
epir
5-[(3,5-diethoxy-4-pyrrol-1-yl-phenyl)methyl]pyrimidine-2,4-diamine
2,4-diamino-5-(3,5-diethoxy-4-n-pyrrolylbenzyl)pyrimidine
73090-70-7
CHEMBL280378 ,
5-[(3,5-diethoxy-4-pyrrol-1-ylphenyl)methyl]pyrimidine-2,4-diamine
TCMDC-137295 ,
AKOS015961333
epiroprimum
unii-9g69d95443
epiroprima
9g69d95443 ,
epiroprime
SCHEMBL75698
DTXSID20223355
Q27272519
5-(3,5-diethoxy-4-(1h-pyrrol-1-yl)benzyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine
gtpl12327

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Thus epiroprim is an active and potentially less toxic alternative pyrimethamine for the treatment of toxoplasmosis."	( Efficacy of epiroprim (Ro11-8958), a new dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, in the treatment of acute Toxoplasma infection in mice. Allegra, CJ; Kovacs, JA; Martinez, A, 1996)	1.13

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Epiroprim represents a challenge for such methods, because it shows large interspecies differences in its pharmacokinetic properties."	( Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling of disposition of epiroprim in humans. Guentert, TW; Lavé, T; Luttringer, O; Poulin, P; Schmitt-Hoffmann, AH; Theil, FP, 2003)	1.46
" Recent studies with a 103-compound dataset suggested that scaling from monkey pharmacokinetic data tended to be the most accurate method for predicting human clearance."	( Extrapolation of preclinical pharmacokinetics and molecular feature analysis of "discovery-like" molecules to predict human pharmacokinetics. Evans, CA; Jolivette, LJ; Nagilla, R; Ward, KW, 2006)	0.33

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"We examined the effect of epiroprim (Ro 11-8958), a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, alone and in combination with dapsone, against Toxoplasma gondii."	( Activity of epiroprim (Ro 11-8958), a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, alone and in combination with dapsone against Toxoplasma gondii. Arsenijevic, D; Chang, HR; Comte, R; Pechère, JC; Polak, A; Then, RL, 1994)	0.97
" Its combination with dapsone (DDS) was synergistic and showed as in vitro activity superior to that of the TMP combination with sulfamethoxazole (SMZ)."	( Antibacterial activities of epiroprim, a new dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, alone and in combination with dapsone. Angehrn, P; Hartman, PG; Locher, HH; Schlunegger, H; Then, RL, 1996)	0.59
"The antimicrobial effects of a new dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, epiroprim, alone and in combination with dapsone and brodimoprim against Mycobacterium leprae were evaluated in vitro in cell-free culture system."	( In vitro activity of epiroprim, a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, singly and in combination with brodimoprim and dapsone, against Mycobacterium leprae. Dhople, AM, 1999)	0.86
"The antimicrobial effects of a new dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, epiroprim, either singly or in combination with dapsone against Mycobacterium leprae, were evaluated in vivo using a mouse footpad model."	( In vivo activity of epiroprim, a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, singly and in combination with dapsone, against Mycobacterium leprae. Dhople, AM, 2002)	0.87

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Ro 11-8958, TMP, and diaveridine used at a dosage of 20 mg/kg/day with SMX were only slightly more effective than SMX used alone."	( Synergistic combinations of Ro 11-8958 and other dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors with sulfamethoxazole and dapsone for therapy of experimental pneumocystosis. Foy, J; Steele, P; Walzer, PD; White, M, 1993)	0.29

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Dihydrofolate reductase	Mycobacterium avium	IC50 (µMol)	0.0041	0.0006	0.1716	1.5000	AID57476
Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	300.1000	0.0006	0.8726	7.3000	AID56951; AID56952
Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0589	0.0000	0.3756	4.9000	AID57143
Dihydrofolate reductase	Gallus gallus (chicken)	Ki	46.7735	0.1122	0.2158	0.3311	AID56467
Dihydrofolate reductase	Lacticaseibacillus casei	Ki	0.0468	0.0000	1.2675	6.3096	AID57779
Dihydrofolate reductase type 1	Escherichia coli	Ki	0.0219	0.0219	0.0219	0.0219	AID57424
Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12	IC50 (µMol)	2.6000	0.0015	0.5512	6.8000	AID55683
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	0.4800	0.0023	1.2155	5.0000	AID56188
Dihydrofolate reductase	Pneumocystis carinii	IC50 (µMol)	2.3489	0.0006	0.5476	6.2000	AID55704; AID55825; AID55830; AID55836; AID55855; AID55989; AID57624
Dihydrofolate reductase	Pneumocystis carinii	Ki	0.0104	0.0000	0.0468	0.1520	AID55851; AID55853
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.4800	0.0001	0.4444	10.0000	AID56188
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase	Toxoplasma gondii	IC50 (µMol)	0.4683	0.0006	1.0428	10.0000	AID56164; AID56175; AID56188; AID56314; AID56345; AID58168
Dihydrofolate reductase	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	28.7938	0.0006	0.3507	6.2000	AID57798; AID57800; AID57817; AID57825; AID57965; AID57970
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic process	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic process	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of translation	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
axon regeneration	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
response to methotrexate	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
dihydrofolate metabolic process	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
tetrahydrofolate metabolic process	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
tetrahydrofolate biosynthetic process	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
folic acid metabolic process	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of removal of superoxide radicals	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic process	Dihydrofolate reductase	Gallus gallus (chicken)
response to methotrexate	Dihydrofolate reductase	Gallus gallus (chicken)
tetrahydrofolate metabolic process	Dihydrofolate reductase	Gallus gallus (chicken)
tetrahydrofolate biosynthetic process	Dihydrofolate reductase	Gallus gallus (chicken)
dihydrofolate metabolic process	Dihydrofolate reductase	Gallus gallus (chicken)
folic acid metabolic process	Dihydrofolate reductase	Gallus gallus (chicken)
10-formyltetrahydrofolate biosynthetic process	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
response to xenobiotic stimulus	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
folic acid biosynthetic process	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
one-carbon metabolic process	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
response to methotrexate	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
tetrahydrofolate biosynthetic process	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
response to antibiotic	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
dihydrofolate metabolic process	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
folic acid metabolic process	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
behavioral fear response	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
response to hypoxia	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
proteolysis	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferation	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
peptide hormone processing	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell costimulation	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
locomotory exploration behavior	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
psychomotor behavior	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell activation	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
endothelial cell migration	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
symbiont entry into host cell	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
negative chemotaxis	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane fusion	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
glucagon processing	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
mRNA regulatory element binding translation repressor activity	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA binding	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
dihydrofolate reductase activity	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
folic acid binding	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
NADPH binding	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific mRNA binding	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
NADP binding	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA binding	Dihydrofolate reductase	Gallus gallus (chicken)
dihydrofolate reductase activity	Dihydrofolate reductase	Gallus gallus (chicken)
NADP binding	Dihydrofolate reductase	Gallus gallus (chicken)
dihydrofolate reductase activity	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
protein binding	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
folic acid binding	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
oxidoreductase activity	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
NADP binding	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
methotrexate binding	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
dihydrofolic acid binding	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
NADP+ binding	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
NADPH binding	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
virus receptor activity	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
protease binding	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
aminopeptidase activity	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
serine-type endopeptidase activity	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor binding	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
serine-type peptidase activity	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
dipeptidyl-peptidase activity	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
chemorepellent activity	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
mitochondrion	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Dihydrofolate reductase	Gallus gallus (chicken)
cytosol	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
cytosol	Dihydrofolate reductase	Escherichia coli K-12
extracellular region	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
lysosomal membrane	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesion	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
lamellipodium	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
endocytic vesicle	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
lamellipodium membrane	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane raft	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
intercellular canaliculus	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (88)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID57817	Inhibition of rat liver Dihydrofolate Reductase	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-24, Volume: 40, Issue:22	2,4-Diaminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine lipophilic antifolates as inhibitors of Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma gondii dihydrofolate reductase.
AID540227	Volume of distribution at steady state in monkey after iv administration	2006	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 34, Issue:7	Extrapolation of preclinical pharmacokinetics and molecular feature analysis of "discovery-like" molecules to predict human pharmacokinetics.
AID1653443	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae primary cultures at 4 weeks assessed as [3H]thymidine uptake per 5 times 10'7 cells at 10.0 mg/L (Rvb = 0.95 +/- 0.01 pmol)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID57083	Inhibitory activity against dihydrofolate reductase	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-16, Volume: 44, Issue:17	Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system: an instant and architecture-free predictor for improved QSAR studies.
AID1653440	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae primary cultures at 4 weeks assessed as [3H]thymidine uptake per 5 times 10'7 cells at 0.5 mg/L (Rvb = 0.95 +/- 0.01 pmol)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID27589	Partition coefficient (logD) (0.01 N NaOH)	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 32, Issue:8	On the structure selectivity problem in drug design. A comparative study of benzylpyrimidine inhibition of vertebrate and bacterial dihydrofolate reductase via molecular graphics and quantitative structure-activity relationships.
AID540223	Volume of distribution at steady state in rat after iv administration	2006	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 34, Issue:7	Extrapolation of preclinical pharmacokinetics and molecular feature analysis of "discovery-like" molecules to predict human pharmacokinetics.
AID1653435	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae primary cultures at 4 weeks assessed as ATP level per 10'7 cells at 10.0 mg/L measured by bioluminescence assay (Rvb = 314 +/- 46 pg)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID56461	Inhibition of chicken liver dihydrofolate reductase	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Inhibition of chicken liver dihydrofolate reductase by 5-(substituted benzyl)-2,4-diaminopyrimidines. A quantitative structure-activity relationship and graphics analysis.
AID233411	Selectivity ratio is defined as IC50 rlDHFR/IC50 pcDHFR	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-29, Volume: 39, Issue:7	2,4-diamino-5-deaza-6-substituted pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine antifolates as potent and selective nonclassical inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductases.
AID1653437	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae primary cultures at 4 weeks assessed as ATP level per 10'7 cells at 20.0 mg/L measured by bioluminescence assay (Rvb = 314 +/- 46 pg)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID233450	Selectivity ratio of IC50 (rat liver)/IC50 (Pneumocystis carinii)	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-24, Volume: 40, Issue:22	2,4-Diaminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine lipophilic antifolates as inhibitors of Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma gondii dihydrofolate reductase.
AID1653460	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae subcultures at 4 weeks assessed as [3H]thymidine uptake per 5 times 10'7 cells at 5.0 mg/L (Rvb = 1.28 +/- 0.14 pmol)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID1653458	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae subcultures at 4 weeks assessed as [3H]thymidine uptake per 5 times 10'7 cells at 0.5 mg/L (Rvb = 1.28 +/- 0.14 pmol)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID57970	Inhibitory activity against rat liver dihydrofolate reductase (in 90 uM dihydrofolic acid)	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-29, Volume: 39, Issue:7	2,4-diamino-5-deaza-6-substituted pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine antifolates as potent and selective nonclassical inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductases.
AID57965	Inhibitory activity against Dihydrofolate reductase from rat liver was evaluated using 90 uM dihydrofolic acid as substrate	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-12, Volume: 40, Issue:19	Nonclassical 2,4-diamino-5-aryl-6-ethylpyrimidine antifolates: activity as inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase from Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma gondii and as antitumor agents.
AID1653463	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae subcultures at 4 weeks assessed as [3H]thymidine uptake per 5 times 10'7 cells at 20.0 mg/L (Rvb = 1.28 +/- 0.14 pmol)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID57574	Activity against dihydrofolate reductase of Escherichia coli strain MB 1428	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-21, Volume: 35, Issue:17	Application of neural networks: quantitative structure-activity relationships of the derivatives of 2,4-diamino-5-(substituted-benzyl)pyrimidines as DHFR inhibitors.
AID57143	Inhibition of human dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) enzyme	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-17, Volume: 38, Issue:6	Quantitative structure-activity relationships of the inhibition of Pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase by 4,6-diamino-1,2-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-1-(X-phenyl)-s-triazines.
AID1653459	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae subcultures at 4 weeks assessed as [3H]thymidine uptake per 5 times 10'7 cells at 1.0 mg/L (Rvb = 1.28 +/- 0.14 pmol)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID235670	Selectivity index was determined by the ratio for IC50 of rat liver DHFR to the IC50 of Toxoplasma gondii DHFR	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-06, Volume: 47, Issue:10	Synthesis of 2,4-diamino-6-[2'-O-(omega-carboxyalkyl)oxydibenz[b,f]azepin-5-yl]methylpteridines as potent and selective inhibitors of Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii, and Mycobacterium avium dihydrofolate reductase.
AID55836	Inhibitory activity against dihydrofolate reductase in Pneumocystis carinii at 37 centigrade.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-24, Volume: 38, Issue:24	New drug developments for opportunistic infections in immunosuppressed patients: Pneumocystis carinii.
AID55693	Selective index against Pneumocystis carinii versus rat DHFR	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-03, Volume: 45, Issue:1	Inhibition of Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii, and Mycobacterium avium dihydrofolate reductases by 2,4-diamino-5-[2-methoxy-5-(omega-carboxyalkyloxy)benzyl]pyrimidines: marked improvement in potency relative to trimethoprim and species selectivity
AID55853	Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) from Pneumocystis carinii.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-17, Volume: 38, Issue:6	Quantitative structure-activity relationships of the inhibition of Pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase by 4,6-diamino-1,2-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-1-(X-phenyl)-s-triazines.
AID540229	Volume of distribution at steady state in human after iv administration	2006	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 34, Issue:7	Extrapolation of preclinical pharmacokinetics and molecular feature analysis of "discovery-like" molecules to predict human pharmacokinetics.
AID1653441	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae primary cultures at 4 weeks assessed as [3H]thymidine uptake per 5 times 10'7 cells at 1.0 mg/L (Rvb = 0.95 +/- 0.01 pmol)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID540228	Clearance in human after iv administration	2006	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 34, Issue:7	Extrapolation of preclinical pharmacokinetics and molecular feature analysis of "discovery-like" molecules to predict human pharmacokinetics.
AID1653451	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae subcultures at 4 weeks assessed as ATP level per 10'7 cells at 5.0 mg/L measured by bioluminescence assay (Rvb = 462 +/- 64 pg)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID235734	Selectivity ratio between the IC50 values of DHFR from rat liver and DHFR from Toxoplasma gondii	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	Selective Pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors: design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new 2,4-diamino-5-substituted-furo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID23497	Partition coefficient (logD) (aqueous phase 0.1 N HCl)	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Inhibition of chicken liver dihydrofolate reductase by 5-(substituted benzyl)-2,4-diaminopyrimidines. A quantitative structure-activity relationship and graphics analysis.
AID1653449	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae subcultures at 4 weeks assessed as ATP level per 10'7 cells at 0.5 mg/L measured by bioluminescence assay (Rvb = 462 +/- 64 pg)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID55704	Inhibition of Pneumocystis carinii Dihydrofolate Reductase	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-24, Volume: 40, Issue:22	2,4-Diaminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine lipophilic antifolates as inhibitors of Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma gondii dihydrofolate reductase.
AID1653444	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae primary cultures at 4 weeks assessed as [3H]thymidine uptake per 5 times 10'7 cells at 15.0 mg/L (Rvb = 0.95 +/- 0.01 pmol)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID55851	Binding affinity was reported with purified recombinant Pneumocystis carinii Dihydrofolate reductase	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-24, Volume: 38, Issue:24	New drug developments for opportunistic infections in immunosuppressed patients: Pneumocystis carinii.
AID1653434	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae primary cultures at 4 weeks assessed as ATP level per 10'7 cells at 5.0 mg/L measured by bioluminescence assay (Rvb = 314 +/- 46 pg)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID1653442	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae primary cultures at 4 weeks assessed as [3H]thymidine uptake per 5 times 10'7 cells at 5.0 mg/L (Rvb = 0.95 +/- 0.01 pmol)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID56467	Inhibitory activity against chicken liver dihydrofolate reductase	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 32, Issue:8	On the structure selectivity problem in drug design. A comparative study of benzylpyrimidine inhibition of vertebrate and bacterial dihydrofolate reductase via molecular graphics and quantitative structure-activity relationships.
AID56314	Inhibitory activity against Dihydrofolate reductase from Toxoplasma gondii was evaluated using 90 uM dihydrofolic acid as substrate	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-12, Volume: 40, Issue:19	Nonclassical 2,4-diamino-5-aryl-6-ethylpyrimidine antifolates: activity as inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase from Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma gondii and as antitumor agents.
AID233287	Selectivity ratio is IC50 of rat liver DHFR to that of Toxoplasma gondii DHFR	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-12, Volume: 40, Issue:19	Nonclassical 2,4-diamino-5-aryl-6-ethylpyrimidine antifolates: activity as inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase from Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma gondii and as antitumor agents.
AID1653450	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae subcultures at 4 weeks assessed as ATP level per 10'7 cells at 1.0 mg/L measured by bioluminescence assay (Rvb = 462 +/- 64 pg)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID1653454	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae subcultures at 4 weeks assessed as ATP level per 10'7 cells at 20.0 mg/L measured by bioluminescence assay (Rvb = 462 +/- 64 pg)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID232772	Selectivity index as the ratio of Ki value towards Human DHFR to that of Pneumocystis carinii DHFR.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-17, Volume: 38, Issue:6	Quantitative structure-activity relationships of the inhibition of Pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase by 4,6-diamino-1,2-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-1-(X-phenyl)-s-triazines.
AID57825	Inhibition of Dihydrofolate Reductase of Rat Liver.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 40, Issue:4	Synthesis and biological evaluation of nonclassical 2,4-diamino-5-methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines with novel side chain substituents as potential inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductases.
AID540225	Volume of distribution at steady state in dog after iv administration	2006	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 34, Issue:7	Extrapolation of preclinical pharmacokinetics and molecular feature analysis of "discovery-like" molecules to predict human pharmacokinetics.
AID57476	Concentration required to inhibit the Mycobacterium avium Dihydrofolate reductase by 50% was determined	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-06, Volume: 47, Issue:10	Synthesis of 2,4-diamino-6-[2'-O-(omega-carboxyalkyl)oxydibenz[b,f]azepin-5-yl]methylpteridines as potent and selective inhibitors of Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii, and Mycobacterium avium dihydrofolate reductase.
AID56345	Inhibitory activity against Toxoplasma gondii dihydrofolate reductase (in 90 uM dihydrofolic acid)	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-29, Volume: 39, Issue:7	2,4-diamino-5-deaza-6-substituted pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine antifolates as potent and selective nonclassical inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductases.
AID1653433	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae primary cultures at 4 weeks assessed as ATP level per 10'7 cells at 1.0 mg/L measured by bioluminescence assay (Rvb = 314 +/- 46 pg)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID57424	Inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 34, Issue:1	On the optimization of hydrophobic and hydrophilic substituent interactions of 2,4-diamino-5-(substituted-benzyl)pyrimidines with dihydrofolate reductase.
AID57624	Concentration required to inhibit the Pneumocystis carinii Dihydrofolate reductase by 50% was determined; Range: 2600-3000	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-06, Volume: 47, Issue:10	Synthesis of 2,4-diamino-6-[2'-O-(omega-carboxyalkyl)oxydibenz[b,f]azepin-5-yl]methylpteridines as potent and selective inhibitors of Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii, and Mycobacterium avium dihydrofolate reductase.
AID55830	Inhibitory activity against Dihydrofolate reductase from Pneumocystis carinii was evaluated using 90 uM dihydrofolic acid as substrate	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-12, Volume: 40, Issue:19	Nonclassical 2,4-diamino-5-aryl-6-ethylpyrimidine antifolates: activity as inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase from Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma gondii and as antitumor agents.
AID1653432	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae primary cultures at 4 weeks assessed as ATP level per 10'7 cells at 0.5 mg/L measured by bioluminescence assay (Rvb = 314 +/- 46 pg)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID1653461	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae subcultures at 4 weeks assessed as [3H]thymidine uptake per 5 times 10'7 cells at 10.0 mg/L (Rvb = 1.28 +/- 0.14 pmol)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID55683	In vitro inhibition of Pneumocystis carinii (Pc) dihydrofolate reductase.	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-03, Volume: 45, Issue:1	Inhibition of Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii, and Mycobacterium avium dihydrofolate reductases by 2,4-diamino-5-[2-methoxy-5-(omega-carboxyalkyloxy)benzyl]pyrimidines: marked improvement in potency relative to trimethoprim and species selectivity
AID1653445	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae primary cultures at 4 weeks assessed as [3H]thymidine uptake per 5 times 10'7 cells at 20.0 mg/L (Rvb = 0.95 +/- 0.01 pmol)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID233681	Relative affinity for dihydrofolate reductase of rat liver and Pneumocystis carinii	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 40, Issue:4	Synthesis and biological evaluation of nonclassical 2,4-diamino-5-methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines with novel side chain substituents as potential inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductases.
AID57800	Concentration required to inhibit the rat liver Dihydrofolate reductase by 50% was determined	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-06, Volume: 47, Issue:10	Synthesis of 2,4-diamino-6-[2'-O-(omega-carboxyalkyl)oxydibenz[b,f]azepin-5-yl]methylpteridines as potent and selective inhibitors of Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii, and Mycobacterium avium dihydrofolate reductase.
AID56952	Concentration required to inhibit the human Dihydrofolate reductase by 50% was determined (reported by Hoffman-LaRoche group)	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-06, Volume: 47, Issue:10	Synthesis of 2,4-diamino-6-[2'-O-(omega-carboxyalkyl)oxydibenz[b,f]azepin-5-yl]methylpteridines as potent and selective inhibitors of Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii, and Mycobacterium avium dihydrofolate reductase.
AID540226	Clearance in monkey after iv administration	2006	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 34, Issue:7	Extrapolation of preclinical pharmacokinetics and molecular feature analysis of "discovery-like" molecules to predict human pharmacokinetics.
AID233412	Selectivity ratio is defined as IC50 rlDHFR/IC50 tgDHFR	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-29, Volume: 39, Issue:7	2,4-diamino-5-deaza-6-substituted pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine antifolates as potent and selective nonclassical inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductases.
AID233407	Ratio for IC50 of mammalian DHFR to IC50 of rat liver DHFR	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-24, Volume: 38, Issue:24	New drug developments for opportunistic infections in immunosuppressed patients: Pneumocystis carinii.
AID56164	Inhibition of Toxoplasma gondii Dihydrofolate Reductase	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-24, Volume: 40, Issue:22	2,4-Diaminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine lipophilic antifolates as inhibitors of Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma gondii dihydrofolate reductase.
AID55825	Inhibition of Dihydrofolate Reductase of Pneumocystis carinii.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 40, Issue:4	Synthesis and biological evaluation of nonclassical 2,4-diamino-5-methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines with novel side chain substituents as potential inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductases.
AID233683	Relative affinity for dihydrofolate reductase of rat liver and Toxoplasma gondii	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 40, Issue:4	Synthesis and biological evaluation of nonclassical 2,4-diamino-5-methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines with novel side chain substituents as potential inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductases.
AID56188	Inhibition of Dihydrofolate Reductase of Toxoplasma gondii.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 40, Issue:4	Synthesis and biological evaluation of nonclassical 2,4-diamino-5-methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines with novel side chain substituents as potential inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductases.
AID233285	Selectivity ratio is IC50 of rat liver DHFR to that of Pneumocystis carinii DHFR	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-12, Volume: 40, Issue:19	Nonclassical 2,4-diamino-5-aryl-6-ethylpyrimidine antifolates: activity as inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase from Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma gondii and as antitumor agents.
AID1653452	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae subcultures at 4 weeks assessed as ATP level per 10'7 cells at 10.0 mg/L measured by bioluminescence assay (Rvb = 462 +/- 64 pg)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID1653462	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae subcultures at 4 weeks assessed as [3H]thymidine uptake per 5 times 10'7 cells at 15.0 mg/L (Rvb = 1.28 +/- 0.14 pmol)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID235732	Selectivity ratio between the IC50 values of DHFR from rat liver and DHFR from Pneumocystis carinii	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	Selective Pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors: design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new 2,4-diamino-5-substituted-furo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID1653453	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae subcultures at 4 weeks assessed as ATP level per 10'7 cells at 15.0 mg/L measured by bioluminescence assay (Rvb = 462 +/- 64 pg)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID540222	Clearance in rat after iv administration	2006	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 34, Issue:7	Extrapolation of preclinical pharmacokinetics and molecular feature analysis of "discovery-like" molecules to predict human pharmacokinetics.
AID540224	Clearance in dog after iv administration	2006	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 34, Issue:7	Extrapolation of preclinical pharmacokinetics and molecular feature analysis of "discovery-like" molecules to predict human pharmacokinetics.
AID1653467	Antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium leprae	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID56175	Inhibitory activity against dihydrofolate reductase from Toxoplasma gondii	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	Selective Pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors: design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new 2,4-diamino-5-substituted-furo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID1653436	Anti-leprotic activity against Mycobacterium leprae primary cultures at 4 weeks assessed as ATP level per 10'7 cells at 15.0 mg/L measured by bioluminescence assay (Rvb = 314 +/- 46 pg)	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13	Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID55989	Inhibitory activity against dihydrofolate reductase from pneumocystis carinii	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	Selective Pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors: design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new 2,4-diamino-5-substituted-furo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID235647	Selectivity index was determined by the ratio for IC50 of human DHFR to the IC50 of Mycobacterium avium DHFR	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-06, Volume: 47, Issue:10	Synthesis of 2,4-diamino-6-[2'-O-(omega-carboxyalkyl)oxydibenz[b,f]azepin-5-yl]methylpteridines as potent and selective inhibitors of Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii, and Mycobacterium avium dihydrofolate reductase.
AID55855	Inhibitory activity against Pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase (in 90 uM dihydrofolic acid)	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-29, Volume: 39, Issue:7	2,4-diamino-5-deaza-6-substituted pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine antifolates as potent and selective nonclassical inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductases.
AID58168	Concentration required to inhibit the Toxoplasma gondii Dihydrofolate reductase by 50% was determined (reported by Hoffman-LaRoche group)	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-06, Volume: 47, Issue:10	Synthesis of 2,4-diamino-6-[2'-O-(omega-carboxyalkyl)oxydibenz[b,f]azepin-5-yl]methylpteridines as potent and selective inhibitors of Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii, and Mycobacterium avium dihydrofolate reductase.
AID233406	Ratio for IC50 of mammalian DHFR to IC50 of Pneumocystis carinii DHFR	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-24, Volume: 38, Issue:24	New drug developments for opportunistic infections in immunosuppressed patients: Pneumocystis carinii.
AID233452	Selectivity ratio of IC50 (rat liver)/IC50 (Toxoplasma gondii	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-24, Volume: 40, Issue:22	2,4-Diaminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine lipophilic antifolates as inhibitors of Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma gondii dihydrofolate reductase.
AID57779	Inhibitory activity against Lactobacillus casei dihydrofolate reductase	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 32, Issue:8	On the structure selectivity problem in drug design. A comparative study of benzylpyrimidine inhibition of vertebrate and bacterial dihydrofolate reductase via molecular graphics and quantitative structure-activity relationships.
AID56951	Concentration required to inhibit the human Dihydrofolate reductase by 50% was determined	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-06, Volume: 47, Issue:10	Synthesis of 2,4-diamino-6-[2'-O-(omega-carboxyalkyl)oxydibenz[b,f]azepin-5-yl]methylpteridines as potent and selective inhibitors of Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii, and Mycobacterium avium dihydrofolate reductase.
AID57798	Inhibitory activity against dihydrofolate reductase from rat liver	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	Selective Pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors: design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new 2,4-diamino-5-substituted-furo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID1159585	Biochemical screen of P. falciparum CDPK1	2016	PloS one, , Volume: 11, Issue:3	Biochemical Screening of Five Protein Kinases from Plasmodium falciparum against 14,000 Cell-Active Compounds.
AID1159588	Biochemical screen of P. falciparum CDPK4	2016	PloS one, , Volume: 11, Issue:3	Biochemical Screening of Five Protein Kinases from Plasmodium falciparum against 14,000 Cell-Active Compounds.
AID1159587	Biochemical screen of P. falciparum PK7	2016	PloS one, , Volume: 11, Issue:3	Biochemical Screening of Five Protein Kinases from Plasmodium falciparum against 14,000 Cell-Active Compounds.
AID1159586	Biochemical screen of P. falciparum PK6	2016	PloS one, , Volume: 11, Issue:3	Biochemical Screening of Five Protein Kinases from Plasmodium falciparum against 14,000 Cell-Active Compounds.
AID1159589	Biochemical screen of P. falciparum MAPK2	2016	PloS one, , Volume: 11, Issue:3	Biochemical Screening of Five Protein Kinases from Plasmodium falciparum against 14,000 Cell-Active Compounds.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	2 (6.90)	18.7374
1990's	17 (58.62)	18.2507
2000's	8 (27.59)	29.6817
2010's	2 (6.90)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	2 (6.67%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	28 (93.33%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
pyrazinamide pyrazinecarboxamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyrazinoic acid (pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid) with ammonia. A prodrug for pyrazinoic acid, pyrazinecarboxamide is used as part of multidrug regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis.	3.31	1	monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylammonia; pyrazines	antitubercular agent; prodrug
uracil 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder	1.98	1	pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone	allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
amantadine amant: an antiviral compound consisting of an adamantane derivative chemically linked to a water-solube polyanioic matrix; structure in first source	2.13	1	adamantanes; primary aliphatic amine	analgesic; antiparkinson drug; antiviral drug; dopaminergic agent; NMDA receptor antagonist; non-narcotic analgesic
amiodarone Amiodarone: An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.. amiodarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a butyl group at position 2 and a 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodobenzoyl group at position 3. It is a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias.	2.03	1	1-benzofurans; aromatic ketone; organoiodine compound; tertiary amino compound	cardiovascular drug
biperiden Biperiden: A muscarinic antagonist that has effects in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It has been used in the treatment of arteriosclerotic, idiopathic, and postencephalitic parkinsonism. It has also been used to alleviate extrapyramidal symptoms induced by phenothiazine derivatives and reserpine.. biperiden : A member of the class of piperidines that is N-propylpiperidine in which the methyl hydrogens have been replaced by hydroxy, phenyl, and 5-norbornen-2-yl groups. A muscarinic antagonist affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems, it is used in the treatment of all forms of Parkinson's disease.	2.03	1	piperidines; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antidote to sarin poisoning; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; muscarinic antagonist; parasympatholytic
verapamil Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.	2.03	1	aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; tertiary amino compound
chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.	2.03	1	organochlorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
ciprofloxacin Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.. ciprofloxacin : A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.	3.31	1	aminoquinoline; cyclopropanes; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone; zwitterion	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; environmental contaminant; topoisomerase IV inhibitor; xenobiotic
clofazimine Clofazimine: A fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used for the treatment of leprosy. It has been used investigationally in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs to treat Mycobacterium avium infections in AIDS patients. Clofazimine also has a marked anti-inflammatory effect and is given to control the leprosy reaction, erythema nodosum leprosum. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619). clofazimine : 3-Isopropylimino-3,5-dihydro-phenazine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is substituted substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and that at position 2 is substituted by a (4-chlorophenyl)amino group. A dark red crystalline solid, clofazimine is an antimycobacterial and is one of the main drugs used for the treatment of multi-bacillary leprosy. However, it can cause red/brown discolouration of the skin, so other treatments are often preferred in light-skinned patients.	3.31	1	monochlorobenzenes; phenazines	dye; leprostatic drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
dapsone [no description available]	5.4	11	substituted aniline; sulfone	anti-inflammatory drug; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; leprostatic drug
ellipticine ellipticine : A organic heterotetracyclic compound that is pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole carrying two methyl substituents at positions 5 and 11.	2.13	1	indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; polycyclic heteroarene	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
felodipine Felodipine: A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels.. felodipine : The mixed (methyl, ethyl) diester of 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid. A calcium-channel blocker, it lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels. It is used in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris.	2.03	1	dichlorobenzene; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
haloperidol Haloperidol: A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279). haloperidol : A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety.	2.03	1	aromatic ketone; hydroxypiperidine; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; tertiary alcohol	antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
isoniazid Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).	8.56	2	carbohydrazide	antitubercular agent; drug allergen
methadone Methadone: A synthetic opioid that is used as the hydrochloride. It is an opioid analgesic that is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. It has actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1082-3). methadone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dextromethadone and levomethadone. It is a opioid analgesic which is used as a painkiller and as a substitute for heroin in the treatment of heroin addiction.. 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one : A ketone that is heptan-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 6 and two phenyl groups at position 4.	2.03	1	benzenes; diarylmethane; ketone; tertiary amino compound
midazolam Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.. midazolam : An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively.	2.03	1	imidazobenzodiazepine; monofluorobenzenes; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; anxiolytic drug; apoptosis inducer; central nervous system depressant; GABAA receptor agonist; general anaesthetic; muscle relaxant; sedative
nifedipine Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.	2.03	1	C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester	calcium channel blocker; human metabolite; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent
ofloxacin Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.	3.58	2	3-oxo monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; oxazinoquinoline
aminosalicylic acid Aminosalicylic Acid: An antitubercular agent often administered in association with ISONIAZID. The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid.. 4-aminosalicylic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at position 4.	3.31	1	aminobenzoic acid; phenols	antitubercular agent
pentamidine Pentamidine: Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.. pentamidine : A diether consisting of pentane-1,5-diol in which both hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by 4-amidinophenyl groups. A trypanocidal drug that is used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.	3.08	1	aromatic ether; carboxamidine; diether	anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; calmodulin antagonist; chemokine receptor 5 antagonist; EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor; NMDA receptor antagonist; S100 calcium-binding protein B inhibitor; trypanocidal drug; xenobiotic
primaquine Primaquine: An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ovale malarias following treatment with a blood schizontocide. It has also been used to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria by those returning to areas where there is a potential for re-introduction of malaria. Adverse effects include anemias and GI disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeia, 30th ed, p404). primaquine : An N-substituted diamine that is pentane-1,4-diamine substituted by a 6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl group at the N(4) position. It is a drug used in the treatment of malaria and Pneumocystis pneumonia.	3.08	1	aminoquinoline; aromatic ether; N-substituted diamine	antimalarial
propafenone Propafenone: An antiarrhythmia agent that is particularly effective in ventricular arrhythmias. It also has weak beta-blocking activity.. propafenone : An aromatic ketone that is 3-(propylamino)propane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is replaced by a 2-(3-phenylpropanoyl)phenyl group. It is a class 1C antiarrhythmic drug with local anesthetic effects, and is used as the hydrochloride salt in the management of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.	2.03	1	aromatic ketone; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
pyrimethamine Maloprim: contains above 2 cpds	9.71	5	aminopyrimidine; monochlorobenzenes	antimalarial; antiprotozoal drug; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
sulfadiazine Sulfadiazine: One of the short-acting SULFONAMIDES used in combination with PYRIMETHAMINE to treat toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and in newborns with congenital infections.. sulfadiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.. diazine : The parent structure of the diazines.	2.39	2	pyrimidines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; antiprotozoal drug; coccidiostat; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfamethoxazole Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.	3.49	2	isoxazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; epitope; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
thalidomide Thalidomide: A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of immunological and inflammatory disorders. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity. It inhibits release of TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA from monocytes, and modulates other cytokine action.. thalidomide : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-thalidomide.. 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione : A dicarboximide that is isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl group.	3.31	1	phthalimides; piperidones
trimethoprim Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge.	6.24	27	aminopyrimidine; methoxybenzenes	antibacterial drug; diuretic; drug allergen; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
trimetrexate Trimetrexate: A nonclassical folic acid inhibitor through its inhibition of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. It is being tested for efficacy as an antineoplastic agent and as an antiparasitic agent against PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS patients. Myelosuppression is its dose-limiting toxic effect.	4.19	5
chloramphenicol Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.	3.31	1	C-nitro compound; carboxamide; diol; organochlorine compound	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
kanamycin a Kanamycin: Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.. kanamycin : Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components.	3.31	1	kanamycins	bacterial metabolite
tolazoline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	benzenes
cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.	2.13	1	antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor
acedapsone Acedapsone: Acetylated sulfone that is slowly metabolized to give long-term, low blood levels of DAPSONE. It has antimicrobial and antimalarial action, but is mainly used as a depot leprostatic agent.. acedapsone : A sulfone that is dapsone in which both of the amino groups been acetylation. An antimicrobial drug, it also has antimalarial activity.	3.31	1	acetamides; anilide; secondary carboxamide; sulfone	antimalarial; antimicrobial drug
bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone: structure and RN in first source. 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol : A sulfone that is diphenyl sulfone in which both of the para hydrogens have been replaced by hydroxy groups.	3.31	1	bisphenol; sulfone	endocrine disruptor; metabolite
4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane : An aromatic amine that is diphenylmethane substituted at the 4-position of each benzene ring by an amino group.	3.31	1	aromatic amine	allergen; carcinogenic agent
4,4'-thiodianiline 4,4'-thiodianiline: structure	3.31	1	substituted aniline
cycloguanil cycloguanil: the active metabolite of proguanil; antifolate drug; structure in first source. cycloguanil : A triazine in which a 1,6-dihydro-1,3,5-triazine ring is substituted at N-1 by a 4-chlorophenyl group, at C-2 and -4 by amino groups and at C-6 by gem-dimethyl groups. A dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, it is a metabolite of the antimalarial drug proguanil.	3.49	2	triazines	antifolate; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; antiparasitic agent; antiprotozoal drug; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
emetine Emetine: The principal alkaloid of ipecac, from the ground roots of Uragoga (or Cephaelis) ipecacuanha or U. acuminata, of the Rubiaceae. It is used as an amebicide in many different preparations and may cause serious cardiac, hepatic, or renal damage and violent diarrhea and vomiting. Emetine inhibits protein synthesis in EUKARYOTIC CELLS but not PROKARYOTIC CELLS.. emetine : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having methoxy substituents at the 6'-, 7'-, 10- and 11-positions. It is an antiprotozoal agent and emetic. It inhibits SARS-CoV2, Zika and Ebola virus replication and displays antimalarial, antineoplastic and antiamoebic properties.	2.13	1	isoquinoline alkaloid; pyridoisoquinoline	antiamoebic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; antiviral agent; autophagy inhibitor; emetic; expectorant; plant metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
monoacetyldapsone monoacetyldapsone: used in leprosy chemotherapy. monoacetyldapsone : A secondary carboxamide resulting from acetylation of one of the amino groups of dapsone.	3.31	1	acetamides; anilide; secondary carboxamide; sulfone
2-fluoroadenine 2-fluoroadenine : An organofluorine compound that is adenine in which the hydrogen at position 2 (the carbon between the two nitrogens of the pyrimidine ring) is replaced by a fluorine.	2.13	1	organofluorine compound; purines	antineoplastic agent
hydroxychloroquine sulfate [no description available]	2.13	1
ethambutol Ethambutol: An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863). ethambutol : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethane-1,2-diamine in which one hydrogen attached to each of the nitrogens is sutstituted by a 1-hydroxybutan-2-yl group (S,S-configuration). It is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used (as the dihydrochloride salt) in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol is used alone.	3.31	1	ethanolamines; ethylenediamine derivative	antitubercular agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
c 137 C 137: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.13	1
streptomycin [no description available]	3.31	1	antibiotic antifungal drug; antibiotic fungicide; streptomycins	antibacterial drug; antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial agent; antimicrobial drug; bacterial metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
4,6-diamino-2,2-dimethyl-1,2-dihydro-1-phenyl-s-triazine 4,6-diamino-2,2-dimethyl-1,2-dihydro-1-phenyl-s-triazine: structure in first source	1.98	1
imidocarb Imidocarb: One of ANTIPROTOZOAL AGENTS used especially against BABESIA in livestock. Toxicity has been reported.	2.13	1	ureas	antiprotozoal drug
diaveridine diaveridine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. diaveridine : An aminopyrimidine in which the pyrimidine ring carries amino substituents at C-2 and C-4 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at C-5. A folic acid antagonist, it is used as a synergist with sulfonamides against the parasitic Eimeria species.	3.07	5	aminopyrimidine	antiparasitic agent; drug allergen
metoprine metoprine: histamine methyltransferase antagonist	2.44	2
parbendazole parbendazole: anthelmintic used against a variety of gastrointestinal parasites; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search BENZIMIDAZOLES; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.13	1	benzimidazoles; carbamate ester
levamisole Levamisole: An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6). levamisole : A 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine.	2.13	1	6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole	antinematodal drug; antirheumatic drug; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; immunological adjuvant; immunomodulator
thymolphthalein Thymolphthalein: Used as a pH indicator and as a reagent for blood after decolorizing the alkaline solution by boiling with zinc dust.	2.13	1	terpene lactone
tobramycin Tobramycin: An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the PSEUDOMONAS species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, NEBRAMYCIN, produced by the same species.. tobramycin : A amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin B lacking the 3-hydroxy substituent from the 2,6-diaminoglucose ring.	3.31	1	amino cyclitol glycoside	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; toxin
amikacin Amikacin: A broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from KANAMYCIN. It is reno- and oto-toxic like the other aminoglycoside antibiotics.. amikacin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group.	3.31	1	alpha-D-glucoside; amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside; carboxamide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; nephrotoxin
triazinate triazinate: structure	2.13	1
diltiazem Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.	2.03	1	5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
sitamaquine [no description available]	3.08	1
piritrexim piritrexim: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	4.36	6
remoxipride Remoxipride: An antipsychotic agent that is specific for dopamine D2 receptors. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenia.	2.03	1	dimethoxybenzene
mifepristone Mifepristone: A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.	2.03	1	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetylenic compound; tertiary amino compound	abortifacient; contraceptive drug; hormone antagonist; synthetic oral contraceptive
propamidine propamidine: structure given in first source. propamidine : A polyether that is the bis(4-guanidinophenyl) ether of propane-1,3-diol. Used (as its isethionate salt) for the treatment of minor eye or eyelid infections, such as conjunctivitis and blepharitis.	3.08	1	aromatic ether; guanidines; polyether	antimicrobial agent; antiseptic drug
4-amino-4'-hydroxylaminodiphenylsulfone 4-amino-4'-hydroxylaminodiphenylsulfone: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd	3.31	1	sulfonic acid derivative
tetroxoprim tetroxoprim: structure given in Negwer 5th ed, #6419	4.33	6	dimethoxybenzene
acediasulfone acediasulfone: antibacterial drug for treatment of ear infections; structure in first source	3.31	1	alpha-amino acid
flucofuron flucofuron: structure given in first source. flucofuron : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which each nitrogen is substituted by a 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl group.	2.13	1	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine pesticide; organofluorine pesticide; phenylureas	epitope
metioprim [no description available]	3.07	5
aditoprim aditoprim: structure given in first source	2.89	4
brodimoprim brodimoprim: inhibits dihydrofolate reductase. brodimoprim : An aminopyrimidine that is 2,4-diaminopyrimidine in which the hydrogen at position 5 has been replaced by a 4-bromo-3,5-dimethoxybenzyl group.	9.59	8	aminopyrimidine; bromobenzenes; methoxybenzenes	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
2,2',2''-terpyridine 2,2',2''-terpyridine: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine : A tridentate heterocyclic ligand that binds metals at three meridional sites giving two adjacent 5-membered MN2C2 chelate rings.	2.13	1	terpyridines	chelator
gentamicin c1a [no description available]	3.31	1	gentamycin C
methylbenzoprim methylbenzoprim: structure given in first source	1.99	1
sori 8895 SoRI 8895: RN in first source	1.99	1
chaparrinone chaparrinone: quassinoid which inhibits protein sunthesis & DNA synthesis in cells; structure in first source	2.13	1	triterpenoid
thianthrene 5-oxide thianthrene 5-oxide: used as a probe of the electrophilicity of hemoprotein oxidizing species; structure given in first source	2.13	1
tryptanthrine tryptanthrine: minor constituent of traditional Chinese medicine qing dai	2.13	1	alkaloid antibiotic; organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
4-nitro-4'-aminodiphenyl sulfone 4-nitro-4'-aminodiphenyl sulfone: dapsone metabolite; structure given in first source	3.31	1
2,4-diamino-5-benzylpyrimidine 2,4-diamino-5-benzylpyrimidine: structure given in first source	3.07	5
ro 22-3581 [no description available]	2.13	1
chloroquine diphosphate [no description available]	2.13	1
ethylhydrocupreine ethylhydrocupreine: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd. optochin : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of 10,11-dihydrocinchonan bearing hydroxy and ethoxy substituents at positions 9 and 6' respectively.	2.13	1	aromatic ether; cinchona alkaloid	EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
cinchonine [no description available]	2.13	1	(8xi)-cinchonan-9-ol; cinchona alkaloid	metabolite
wr 158122 WR 158122: structure	2.13	1
3-heptyl-4-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-methylquinoline 3-heptyl-4-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-methylquinoline: structure given in first source	2.13	1
cinchonidine cinchonidine: has antimalarial activity; diastereoisomer of cinchonine with distinct physiochemical properties; RN given refers to parent cpd(8alpha,9R)-isomer. cinchonidine : 8-epi-Cinchonan in which a hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by hydroxy (R configuration). A diasteroisomer of cinchonine, it occurs in the bark of most varieties of Cinchona shrubs, and is frequently used for directing chirality in asymmetric synthesis.	2.13	1	(8xi)-cinchonan-9-ol; cinchona alkaloid	metabolite
imipenem, anhydrous Imipenem: Semisynthetic thienamycin that has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, including many multiresistant strains. It is stable to beta-lactamases. Clinical studies have demonstrated high efficacy in the treatment of infections of various body systems. Its effectiveness is enhanced when it is administered in combination with CILASTATIN, a renal dipeptidase inhibitor.. imipenem : A broad-spectrum, intravenous beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem subgroup.	3.31	1	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; carbapenems; zwitterion	antibacterial drug
tafenoquine tafenoquine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tafenoquine.. N(4)-{2,6-dimethoxy-4-methyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]quinolin-8-yl}pentane-1,4-diamine : An aminoquinoline that is 8-aminoquinoline which is substituted by methoxy groups at positions 2 and 6, a methyl group at position 4, and a m-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy group at position 5, and in which the amino substituent at position 8 is itself substituted by a 5-aminopentan-2-yl group.	3.08	1	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aminoquinoline; aromatic ether; primary amino compound; secondary amino compound
garenoxacin garenoxacin: a des-fluoro(6) quinolone with antibacterial activity. garenoxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid that is substituted by a cyclopropyl group at position 1, an oxo group at position 4, a (1R)-1-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindol-5-yl group at position 7, and a difluoromethoxy group at position 8.	2.03	1	aromatic ether; cyclopropanes; isoindoles; organofluorine compound; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
methotrexate [no description available]	4.73	5	dicarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; pteridines	abortifacient; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent
butamidine butamidine: RN refers to HCl; structure in first source	3.08	1
wr 242511 WR 242511: RN given refers to parent cpd	3.08	1
1,2-bis(5-amidino-2-benzimidazolyl)ethane 1,2-bis(5-amidino-2-benzimidazolyl)ethane: RN given refers to parent cpd	3.08	1
levofloxacin Levofloxacin: The L-isomer of Ofloxacin.. levofloxacin : An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase.	3.31	1	9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
my 12-62c MY 12-62c: from Pseudomonas methanica KY4634. 2-heptyl-4-quinolone : A quinolone consisting of quinolin-4(1H)-one carrying a heptyl substituent at position 2.. 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline : A monohydroxyquinoline that is 4-hydroxyquinoline bearing an additional heptyl substituent at position 2.	2.13	1	monohydroxyquinoline; quinolone	antibacterial agent; iron chelator; metabolite; signalling molecule
aminopterin Aminopterin: A folic acid derivative used as a rodenticide that has been shown to be teratogenic.	3.31	1	dicarboxylic acid	EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; mutagen
bms204352 BMS204352: a calcium-sensitive opener of maxi-K potassium channels; structure in first source	2.03	1
anisomycin Anisomycin: An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.. (-)-anisomycin : An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.	2.13	1	monohydroxypyrrolidine; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic	anticoronaviral agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antiparasitic agent; bacterial metabolite; DNA synthesis inhibitor; protein synthesis inhibitor
quinidine Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.	2.13	1	cinchona alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; muscarinic antagonist; P450 inhibitor; potassium channel blocker; sodium channel blocker
pseudolycorine pseudolycorine: alkaloid isolated from Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis Roem, N. papyraceus or Lycoris radiata Herb; structure in first source	2.13	1	phenanthridines
wr 225448 WR 225448: used as prophylaxis for Plasmodium yoelii infections; structure given in first source	3.08	1
sitafloxacin [no description available]	3.31	1	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; quinolines; quinolone antibiotic
9-benzyl-2-chloro-6-(2-furyl)purine 9-benzyl-2-chloro-6-(2-furyl)purine: structure in first source	3.31	1
jp-1302 [no description available]	2.13	1
TCMDC-138263 [no description available]	2.13	1	harmala alkaloid
2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine: structure in first source	2.13	1	benzimidazoles
n-(pyridin-2-yl)-4-(pyridin-2-yl)thiazol-2-amine N-(pyridin-2-yl)-4-(pyridin-2-yl)thiazol-2-amine: an SK channel inhibitor	2.13	1
2-[4-chloro-5-(cyclopentylsulfamoyl)-2-methylphenoxy]-N-cyclohexylacetamide [no description available]	2.13	1	sulfonamide
stk295900 [no description available]	2.13	1
6-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1H-benzimidazole [no description available]	2.13	1	benzimidazoles
ethionamide Ethionamide: A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.. ethionamide : A thiocarboxamide that is pyridine-4-carbothioamide substituted by an ethyl group at position 2. A prodrug that undergoes metabolic activation by conversion to the corresponding S-oxide.	3.31	1	pyridines; thiocarboxamide	antilipemic drug; antitubercular agent; fatty acid synthesis inhibitor; leprostatic drug; prodrug
1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyrazolyl]urea [no description available]	2.13	1	pyrazoles; ring assembly
azoxystrobin azoxystrobin: a methoxyacrylate analog; a strobilurin fungicide; structure given in first source. azoxystrobin : An aryloxypyrimidine having a 4,6-diphenoxypyrimidine skeleton in which one of the phenyl rings is cyano-substituted at C-2 and the other carries a 2-methoxy-1-(methoxycarbonyl)vinyl substituent, also at C-2. An inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration by blocking electron transfer between cytochromes b and c1, it is used widely as a fungicide in agriculture.	2.13	1	aryloxypyrimidine; enoate ester; enol ether; methoxyacrylate strobilurin antifungal agent; methyl ester; nitrile	antifungal agrochemical; environmental contaminant; mitochondrial cytochrome-bc1 complex inhibitor; quinone outside inhibitor; xenobiotic
trequinsin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1
abbott 41988 Abbott 41988: tetrahydropyridobenzopyran derived from cannabinoid nucleus; structure	2.13	1
N-[4-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-ethoxy-3-nitrobenzamide [no description available]	2.13	1	benzimidazoles
2-[2-methoxyethyl-(1-oxo-2-thiophen-2-ylethyl)amino]-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-2-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)acetamide [no description available]	2.13	1	monoterpenoid
7-chloro-N-(phenylmethyl)-4-quinolinamine [no description available]	2.13	1	aminoquinoline
5-[(5-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)-oxomethyl]-1-cyclohexyl-2-oxo-3-pyridinecarbonitrile [no description available]	2.13	1	aromatic ketone
imd 0354 N-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzamide: a cardioprotective agent that inhibits IkappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta); structure in first source	2.13	1	benzamides
daphnetin [no description available]	2.13	1	hydroxycoumarin
hispidulin hispidulin : A monomethoxyflavone that is scutellarein methylated at position 6.	2.13	1	monomethoxyflavone; trihydroxyflavone	anti-inflammatory agent; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
morusin morusin: from Morus root bark; structure given in first source. morusin : An extended flavonoid that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 2' and 4', a prenyl group at position 3 and a 2,2-dimethyl pyran group across positions 7 and 8.	2.13	1	extended flavonoid; trihydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
cerulenin Cerulenin: An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including ACREMONIUM, Acrocylindrum, and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.. cerulenin : An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including Acremonium, Acrocylindrum and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.	3.31	1	epoxide; monocarboxylic acid amide	antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; antilipemic drug; antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; fatty acid synthesis inhibitor
olvanil [no description available]	2.13	1	methoxybenzenes; phenols
pd 166285 [no description available]	2.13	1
vinorelbine [no description available]	2.03	1	acetate ester; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; ring assembly; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; photosensitizing agent
pd-173952 [no description available]	2.13	1
semaxinib semaxanib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethylpyrrol-2-yl group.	2.03	1	olefinic compound; oxindoles; pyrroles	angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
10-hydroxy-3-methyl-8-pentyl-2,4-dihydro-1H-[1]benzopyrano[3,4-c]pyridin-5-one [no description available]	2.13	1	pyridochromene
proguanil Proguanil: A biguanide compound which metabolizes in the body to form cycloguanil, an anti-malaria agent.. proguanil : A biguanide compound which has isopropyl and p-chlorophenyl substituents on the terminal N atoms. A prophylactic antimalarial drug, it works by inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, which is involved in the reproduction of the malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax within the red blood cells.	1.99	1	biguanides; monochlorobenzenes	antimalarial; antiprotozoal drug; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
bvt.948 [no description available]	2.13	1
edatrexate edatrexate: structure given in first source	2.13	1	glutamic acid derivative
pq 401 PQ 401: an IGF receptor type I antagonist; structure in first source	2.13	1	quinolines
ps 15 PS 15: structure given in first source; inhibitor of tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase	1.99	1
osu 6162 OSU 6162: reduces levodopa-induced dyskinesias without inducing akinesia	2.03	1
mk-0429 [no description available]	2.03	1
nik 12192 4-(5,6-dichloro-1H-indol-2-yl)-3-ethoxy-N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)benzamide: structure in first source	2.13	1
zm 447439 ZM447439 : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline which is substituted at positions 4, 6 and 7 by a (4-benzamidophenyl)nitrilo group, methoxy group and a 3-(morpholin-4-yl)propoxy group, respectively. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of Aurora A and Aurora B kinases with IC50 of 110 nM and 130 nM, respectively.	2.13	1	aromatic ether; benzamides; morpholines; polyether; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; Aurora kinase inhibitor
pha 665752 [no description available]	2.13	1	dichlorobenzene; enamide; indolones; N-acylpyrrolidine; pyrrolecarboxamide; secondary carboxamide; sulfone; tertiary carboxamide	antineoplastic agent; c-Met tyrosine kinase inhibitor
zstk474 ZSTK-474 : A triamino-1,3,5-triazine that is 1,3,5-triazine in which two of the hydrogens have been replaced by morpholin-4-yl groups while the third hydrogen has been replaced by a 2-(difluoromethyl)benzimidazol-1-yl group. It is an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.	2.13	1	benzimidazoles; morpholines; organofluorine compound; triamino-1,3,5-triazine	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor
brl 15572 BRL 15572: specific for h5-HT(1D) receptors; structure in first source. 3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1,1-diphenylpropan-2-ol hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of 3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1,1-diphenylpropan-2-ol. A selective h5-HT1D antagonist, displaying 60-fold selectivity over h5-HT1B, and exhibiting little or no affinity for a range of other receptor types.	2.13	1	hydrochloride	prodrug; serotonergic antagonist
amodiaquine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1
puromycin dihydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1
au-1 [no description available]	2.13	1
rifampin Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)	3.31	1	cyclic ketal; hydrazone; N-iminopiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; rifamycins; semisynthetic derivative; zwitterion	angiogenesis inhibitor; antiamoebic agent; antineoplastic agent; antitubercular agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; leprostatic drug; neuroprotective agent; pregnane X receptor agonist; protein synthesis inhibitor
1-[amino-[(6-methoxy-4-methyl-2-quinazolinyl)amino]methylidene]-3-phenylurea [no description available]	2.13	1	quinazolines
thiolactomycin thiolactomycin: from actinomycetes; structure given in first source	3.31	1
1843u89 1843U89: structure given in first source; a folate analog	2.13	1
rifabutin [no description available]	3.31	1
hesperadin [no description available]	2.13	1
3'-hydroxy-5'-(4-isobutylpiperazinyl)benzoxazinorifamycin KRM 1648: structure in first source	3.31	1	phenoxazine
krm 1657 KRM 1657: structure given in first source	3.31	1
cb 3717 [no description available]	2.13	1	N-acyl-L-glutamic acid
cb 3705 CB 3705: inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase & thymidylate synthetase	2.13	1

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Opportunistic Infections An infection caused by an organism which becomes pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during immunosuppression.	2.9	1
P carinii Pneumonia [description not available]	3.3	2
Pneumonia, Pneumocystis A pulmonary disease in humans occurring in immunodeficient or malnourished patients or infants, characterized by DYSPNEA, tachypnea, and HYPOXEMIA. Pneumocystis pneumonia is a frequently seen opportunistic infection in AIDS. It is caused by the fungus PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII. The disease is also found in other MAMMALS where it is caused by related species of Pneumocystis.	3.3	2
Experimental Neoplasms [description not available]	1.99	1
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections Opportunistic infections found in patients who test positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most common include PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA, Kaposi's sarcoma, cryptosporidiosis, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and infections with Mycobacterium avium complex, Microsporidium, and Cytomegalovirus.	2.39	2
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	1.99	1
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. The pattern is predominantly diffuse. Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation.	1.99	1
Plasmodium falciparum Malaria [description not available]	2.13	1
Malaria, Falciparum Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations.	2.13	1
Hansen Disease [description not available]	3.12	1
Leprosy A chronic granulomatous infection caused by MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE. The granulomatous lesions are manifested in the skin, the mucous membranes, and the peripheral nerves. Two polar or principal types are lepromatous and tuberculoid.	3.12	1
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	2.4	2
Pulmonary Consumption [description not available]	2.01	1
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.	2.01	1
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	2.01	1
P carinii Infection [description not available]	2.39	2
Toxoplasmosis, Animal Acquired infection of non-human animals by organisms of the genus TOXOPLASMA.	2.9	4
Pneumocystis Infections Infections with species in the genus PNEUMOCYSTIS, a fungus causing interstitial plasma cell pneumonia (PNEUMONIA, PNEUMOCYSTIS) and other infections in humans and other MAMMALS. Immunocompromised patients, especially those with AIDS, are particularly susceptible to these infections. Extrapulmonary sites are rare but seen occasionally.	2.39	2
Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course.	1.99	1
Blood Poisoning [description not available]	1.99	1
Sepsis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.	1.99	1
Atypical Mycobacterial Infection, Disseminated [description not available]	2	1

epiroprim

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (30)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Dosage Studied

Protein Targets (11)

Inhibition Measurements

Biological Processes (35)

Molecular Functions (22)

Ceullar Components (15)

Bioassays (88)

Research

Studies (29)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 16.95

Study Types

epiroprim

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (30)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Dosage Studied

Protein Targets (11)

Inhibition Measurements

Biological Processes (35)

Molecular Functions (22)

Ceullar Components (15)

Bioassays (88)

Research

Studies (29)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 16.95

Study Types

Related Drugs (152)

Related Conditions (22)