Page last updated: 2024-09-27

Central Nervous System Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis of the brain, spinal cord, or meninges (TUBERCULOSIS, MENINGEAL), most often caused by MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS and rarely by MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. The infection may be limited to the nervous system or coexist in other organs (e.g., TUBERCULOSIS, PULMONARY). The organism tends to seed the meninges causing a diffuse meningitis and leads to the formation of TUBERCULOMA, which may occur within the brain, spinal cord, or perimeningeal spaces. Tuberculous involvement of the vertebral column (TUBERCULOSIS, SPINAL) may result in nerve root or spinal cord compression. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp717-20)

Synonyms(2)

Synonym
Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System
Central Nervous System Tuberculosis

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"Central nervous system tuberculosis is the fifth most frequent and at the same time most severe form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis diseases."( Abrahám, A; Budai, J; Kamotsay, K; Lakatos, B; Molnár, P; Prinz, G; Sárvári, C, 2011)
"Central nervous system tuberculosis is a rare but regularly emerging disease with unspecific signs and symptoms."( Abrahám, A; Budai, J; Kamotsay, K; Lakatos, B; Molnár, P; Prinz, G; Sárvári, C, 2011)

Research

Studies (70)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-19901 (1.43)23.3326
1990's0 (0.00)12.5806
2000's29 (41.43)18.1394
2010's30 (42.86)28.8240
2020's10 (14.29)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
chlorine0low10
lactic acid0low10
pyrazinamide0low80
isoniazid0low100
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one0low10
gatifloxacin0low10
thalidomide0low40
prednisolone0low50
prednisone0low10
ethambutol0low50
streptomycin0low20
helenalin0low10
gadolinium0low10
glutamic acid0low10
sparfloxacin0low10
fluorodeoxyglucose f180low20
imatinib mesylate0low10
levofloxacin0low10
sesquiterpenes0low10
dasatinib0low10
amphotericin b0low20
deamino arginine vasopressin0low10
pregabalin0low10
gadolinium dtpa0low10
mocetinostat0low10
interleukin-80low10
rifampin0low130
eye0low10

Protein Targets (1,018)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
Chain A, Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim-10101
Chain A, Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim-10101
Chain A, HADH2 protein4004
Chain B, HADH2 protein4004
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase4004
Chain A, Cruzipain4004
Chain A, Methyltransferase Wbdd0101
thioredoxin reductase7007
15-lipoxygenase, partial3003
ATAD5 protein, partial4004
NFKB1 protein, partial1001
TDP1 protein120012
Thrombopoietin1001
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A19009
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)2002
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor3003
regulator of G-protein signaling 44004
EWS/FLI fusion protein8008
67.9K protein5005
Parkin1001
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2120012
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 13003
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a2002
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor2002
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor1001
chromobox protein homolog 14004
flap endonuclease 12002
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 13003
survival motor neuron protein isoform d2002
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 12002
M-phase phosphoprotein 81001
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform0214
cGMP-dependent 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase0101
Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 3-kinase C2 domain-containing subunit alpha0101
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK40112
Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 3-kinase C2 domain-containing subunit beta0112
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi2002
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B2002
Bromodomain-containing protein 40101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 40404
cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase0101
Integrin beta-32013
Cytochrome P450 1A20404
Integrin alpha-IIb2013
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-40202
Serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-10112
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-20202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-12002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta2002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-22002
Casein kinase II subunit alpha'0112
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-52002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-32002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-12002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-22002
Proteinase-activated receptor 10001
Bromodomain-containing protein 20101
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha0102
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0404
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0404
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-42002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-32002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-62002
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0202
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform0101
Type-1 angiotensin II receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0404
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform0315
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform 0101
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform0215
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR0213
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR0101
Histamine H2 receptor2002
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform 0214
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta0112
D(1A) dopamine receptor1001
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK10213
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-12002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-32002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-22002
Casein kinase II subunit beta0101
Casein kinase II subunit alpha0112
DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit0303
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
Serine-protein kinase ATM0101
cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B0101
Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR0101
cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A0101
Bromodomain-containing protein 30101
Serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-30112
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 50101
GABA theta subunit2002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon2002
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK30213
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK20112
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase3003
interleukin 82002
phosphopantetheinyl transferase5005
GLS protein5005
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]8008
farnesoid X nuclear receptor5005
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta6006
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor6006
tumor necrosis factor1001
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA6006
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 16006
peripheral myelin protein 222002
lamin isoform A-delta104004
Cytochrome P450 3A40405
Cytochrome P450 2D60303
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0303
Cytochrome P450 2C190404
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma2002
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2010011
Aurora kinase B0213
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG20303
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE8008
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE4004
Chain A, Ferritin light chain1001
arylsulfatase A3003
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 12002
lethal factor (plasmid)1001
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 60124
Excitatory amino acid transporter 40202
Glutamate transporter homolog0011
Carbonic anhydrase 10103
Carbonic anhydrase 20103
N(4)-(beta-N-acetylglucosaminyl)-L-asparaginase0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0001
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 0314
Excitatory amino acid transporter 10304
Excitatory amino acid transporter 20304
Excitatory amino acid transporter 30304
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A 0314
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0314
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0314
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 10124
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 20124
Carbonic anhydrase-like protein, putative0002
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0314
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0314
Carbonic anhydrase 40001
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0314
Carbonic anhydrase 40101
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 150101
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Putative Glycine Betaine-binding Abc Transporter Protein0011
Chain A, PUTATIVE GLYCINE BETAINE-BINDING ABC TRANSPORTER PROTEIN0011
Chain A, Glycine betaine/carnitine/choline-binding protein0011
Chain A, Glycine betaine/carnitine/choline-binding protein0011
Chain A, Glycine betaine/carnitine/choline-binding protein0011
Chain A, Glycine betaine/carnitine/choline-binding protein0011
Chain A, Choline-binding protein0011
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M12002
Solute carrier family 22 member 10102
Solute carrier family 22 member 20001
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 0001
Solute carrier family 22 member 20101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-30101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-20101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-30101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-40101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-50101
Acetylcholinesterase0101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent creatine transporter 10101
Choline O-acetyltransferase 0001
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-60101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-90101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-70101
Solute carrier family 22 member 10102
High affinity choline transporter 10101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-100101
Solute carrier family 22 member 20102
Sodium- and chloride-dependent creatine transporter 10101
Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 10101
Leukotriene C4 synthase0011
acetylcholinesterase3003
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma7007
Fumarate hydratase1001
GALC protein2002
PPM1D protein2002
GLI family zinc finger 39009
AR protein110011
Smad32002
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease1001
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)5005
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 35005
progesterone receptor4004
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 48008
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 17007
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha4004
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha5005
pregnane X nuclear receptor5005
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha130013
polyprotein1001
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma2002
caspase-31001
aryl hydrocarbon receptor5005
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a4004
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor3003
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 22002
Histone H2A.x1001
Spike glycoprotein0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0112
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 25005
huntingtin isoform 22002
tyrosine-protein kinase Yes1001
geminin8008
Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-1B0011
Membrane-associated progesterone receptor component 10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 250011
ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX3X0011
Pyridoxal kinase0011
Citron Rho-interacting kinase0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase RIO30011
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 70011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk10011
Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta0112
Peripheral plasma membrane protein CASK0011
Aurora kinase A0112
Cyclin-G-associated kinase0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase DCLK10011
Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha0112
Muscle, skeletal receptor tyrosine-protein kinase0011
Ephrin type-B receptor 60011
Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 30011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 130112
Transmembrane protease serine 20011
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3010010
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4010010
3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 10011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 130011
Death-associated protein kinase 30011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 70011
Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 20213
Mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase BUB10011
NUAK family SNF1-like kinase 10011
Dynamin-like 120 kDa protein, mitochondrial0011
Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 gamma0011
Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK20011
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F0202
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B0011
Rho-associated protein kinase 20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE10011
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-50011
U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 200 kDa helicase0011
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-40011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 160011
Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 3-kinase C2 domain-containing subunit gamma0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 30011
Cyclin-dependent kinase-like 50011
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit3003
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 17B0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 100011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase D30011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 140011
Bile salt export pump013013
Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 20011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 60011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase OSR10011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 40011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase LATS10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 40011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk20011
Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL10438
Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL10101
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src0112
Epidermal growth factor receptor0112
Interferon beta3003
Transthyretin0011
RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase0112
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-20112
High affinity nerve growth factor receptor0011
Cellular tumor antigen p535005
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-20011
ADP/ATP translocase 20011
Neuronal proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src 0001
Protein kinase C beta type0011
Insulin receptor0112
Tyrosine-protein kinase Lck0314
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase LCK 0202
Tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn0213
Cyclin-dependent kinase 10011
Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form0011
Tyrosine-protein kinase Fes/Fps0011
Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor0213
Procathepsin L0011
Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase0011
Tyrosine-protein kinase Yes0112
Tyrosine-protein kinase Lyn0112
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret0112
Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor0112
Signal recognition particle receptor subunit alpha0011
Cytochrome c1, heme protein, mitochondrial0011
Hepatocyte growth factor receptor0011
Tyrosine-protein kinase HCK0213
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase ROS0011
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta0213
Tyrosine-protein kinase Fgr0011
Quinolone resistance protein NorA0101
Wee1-like protein kinase 20011
Uncharacterized serine/threonine-protein kinase SBK30011
Replicase polyprotein 1a0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf0011
Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit0224
Glycogen phosphorylase, brain form0011
Breakpoint cluster region protein0236
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 10112
Cytochrome P450 2A60202
Myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle0011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 40011
ADP/ATP translocase 30011
Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 20011
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 0101
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src0314
cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-alpha regulatory subunit0011
Insulin receptor-related protein0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf0011
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 10101
Phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, liver/testis isoform0011
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]0011
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha0325
Tyrosine-protein kinase Blk0101
Tyrosine-protein kinase Fer0011
Protein kinase C alpha type0112
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha0011
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 0011
General transcription and DNA repair factor IIH helicase subunit XPD0011
Glutamate receptor 23216
Interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase0011
Ras-related protein Rab-6A0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase MAK0011
Cytochrome P450 2B60112
Cyclin-dependent kinase 11B0011
Ephrin type-A receptor 10011
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 20011
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-30011
Multifunctional protein ADE20011
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 40011
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 30011
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma0011
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta0011
Ferrochelatase, mitochondrial0011
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-10011
Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK10011
Protein kinase C eta type0011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 20112
Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 10011
Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX60011
Activin receptor type-2A0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 0011
MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 30011
Deoxycytidine kinase0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 10011
Ephrin type-A receptor 20112
Ephrin type-A receptor 30011
Ephrin type-A receptor 80011
Ephrin type-B receptor 20112
Leukocyte tyrosine kinase receptor0011
Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK20011
UMP-CMP kinase 0011
Phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 10011
Wee1-like protein kinase0011
Heme oxygenase 20011
Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 40011
S-adenosylmethionine synthase isoform type-20011
DnaJ homolog subfamily A member 10011
RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase0112
RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase0112
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 40011
Dual specificity protein kinase TTK0011
DNA replication licensing factor MCM40011
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20112
Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Tie-10011
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 30011
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 20112
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 20112
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase FLT30112
Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-1A0011
Activin receptor type-1B0011
TGF-beta receptor type-10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor R30011
TGF-beta receptor type-20011
Electron transfer flavoprotein subunit beta0011
Tyrosine-protein kinase CSK0112
Glycine--tRNA ligase0011
Protein kinase C iota type0011
Exosome RNA helicase MTR40011
Megakaryocyte-associated tyrosine-protein kinase0011
Tyrosine-protein kinase Tec0112
Tyrosine-protein kinase TXK0112
Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL20011
Tyrosine-protein kinase FRK0011
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 60011
Tyrosine-protein kinase ZAP-700011
Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK0112
26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6B0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 80011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 90011
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 40011
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 30011
Casein kinase I isoform alpha0112
Casein kinase I isoform delta0011
MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 20112
Cyclin-dependent kinase 80011
Elongation factor Tu, mitochondrial0011
Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase A0011
Cysteine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic0011
Casein kinase I isoform epsilon0011
Very long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial0011
Dual specificity protein kinase CLK10011
Dual specificity protein kinase CLK20011
Dual specificity protein kinase CLK30011
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 alpha0011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 70011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 90011
Ras-related protein Rab-27A0011
Tyrosine-protein kinase Blk0112
Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 10011
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 10101
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-30112
Cytoplasmic tyrosine-protein kinase BMX0011
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit PRKX0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Nek20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Nek30011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Nek40011
Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK30011
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 60011
Death-associated protein kinase 10011
LIM domain kinase 10112
LIM domain kinase 20112
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 120112
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 100011
Tyrosine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic0011
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-10011
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-20011
Ephrin type-B receptor 30011
Ephrin type-A receptor 50011
Ephrin type-B receptor 40112
Ephrin type-B receptor 10011
Ephrin type-A receptor 40011
Adenylate kinase 2, mitochondrial0011
Adenosine kinase0011
Hormonally up-regulated neu tumor-associated kinase0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase SIK10213
Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 40011
Spike glycoprotein3014
Ras-related protein Rab-100011
Cell division control protein 2 homolog0011
Actin-related protein 30011
Actin-related protein 20011
Calcium-dependent protein kinase 10011
GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran0011
Tubulin alpha-1A chain0011
Phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinase type-2 beta0011
SRSF protein kinase 20011
Casein kinase I isoform gamma-20011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 90011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PknB0011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 30011
Cyclin-dependent kinase-like 10011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 60011
Cyclin-dependent-like kinase 5 0011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 160011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 170011
Myelin transcription factor 10101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D 0202
ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase, platelet type0011
Protein kinase C epsilon type0011
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 10112
Angiopoietin-1 receptor0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 100011
DNA topoisomerase 2-beta0011
Protein kinase C theta type0011
Activin receptor type-10011
Macrophage-stimulating protein receptor0011
Focal adhesion kinase 10112
Protein kinase C zeta type0112
Protein kinase C delta type0112
Tyrosine-protein kinase BTK0213
Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor TYRO30011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 180011
Activated CDC42 kinase 10112
Epithelial discoidin domain-containing receptor 10314
Tyrosine-protein kinase ITK/TSK0112
Myotonin-protein kinase0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 20011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 120011
Tyrosine-protein kinase Mer0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 40011
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 10011
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 50011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 70011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 30011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 10011
cGMP-dependent protein kinase 20011
Integrin-linked protein kinase0011
Rho-associated protein kinase 10011
Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TNK10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PRP4 homolog0011
Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 10011
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta0011
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma0011
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta0011
Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A0011
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S0202
Activin receptor type-2B0011
Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-20011
Protein-tyrosine kinase 60112
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0202
cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 0011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 130011
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 10011
Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon0011
Protein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta0011
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha0101
Maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase0011
Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 1A0011
Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 40011
Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase D10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 380011
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-40011
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-20011
Ephrin type-A receptor 70011
Delta(24)-sterol reductase0011
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-10112
Dual specificity testis-specific protein kinase 10011
Myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 110112
Serine/threonine-protein kinase STK110011
Rhodopsin kinase GRK10011
NT-3 growth factor receptor0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase N10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase N20011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 140123
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 110011
BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 60011
Phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, skeletal muscle/heart isoform0011
Discoidin domain-containing receptor 20213
AP2-associated protein kinase 10011
Myosin light chain kinase 30011
Uncharacterized aarF domain-containing protein kinase 50011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase SBK10011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 190011
Putative heat shock protein HSP 90-beta 20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase TNNI3K0011
Leucine-rich repeat serine/threonine-protein kinase 20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase MRCK alpha0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase MRCK gamma0011
Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 100011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Nek50011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase N30011
Breakpoint cluster region protein0101
Serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK30011
Dual serine/threonine and tyrosine protein kinase0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 150011
Uncharacterized protein FLJ452520011
Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 110011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase MARK20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase TAO10011
STE20-related kinase adapter protein alpha0011
Myosin-140011
AarF domain-containing protein kinase 10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 32C0011
ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX420011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase VRK20011
Myosin light chain kinase family member 40011
Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 10011
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1D0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 30011
Cyclin-dependent kinase-like 30011
MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 50011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase BRSK20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase NIM10011
Eukaryotic peptide chain release factor GTP-binding subunit ERF3B0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK20011
Misshapen-like kinase 10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase DCLK20011
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 10011
Casein kinase I isoform alpha-like0011
Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 40011
Myosin-IIIa0011
Ankyrin repeat and protein kinase domain-containing protein 10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Nek110011
Atypical kinase COQ8A, mitochondrial0011
Phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinase type-2 gamma0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 150011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Nek90011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase BRSK10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 350011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Nek70011
Rhodopsin kinase GRK70011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 32A0011
Myosin-IIIb0011
ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX10011
Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 20011
Cyclin-dependent kinase-like 20011
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1010010
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk30011
Atypical kinase COQ8B, mitochondrial0011
MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 40011
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1G0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Nek10011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 150011
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 53003
PAS domain-containing serine/threonine-protein kinase0011
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 20011
EKC/KEOPS complex subunit TP53RK0011
Dual specificity testis-specific protein kinase 20011
SRSF protein kinase 10011
Protein cereblon0226
Membrane-associated tyrosine- and threonine-specific cdc2-inhibitory kinase0213
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 50011
Ataxin-23003
Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 alpha0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 30011
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase RIO10011
MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase RIO20011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 190011
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 60011
Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 10011
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 330011
Nucleolar GTP-binding protein 10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase D20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase DCLK30011
NUAK family SNF1-like kinase 20011
RNA cytidine acetyltransferase0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase SIK20112
Myosin light chain kinase 2, skeletal/cardiac muscle0011
STE20-like serine/threonine-protein kinase 0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase TAO30011
Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 20011
Tyrosine-protein kinase Srms0011
Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 30011
dCTP pyrophosphatase 10011
Dual specificity protein kinase CLK40011
MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Nek60011
Casein kinase I isoform gamma-10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 60011
SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase LATS20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 360011
Phenylalanine--tRNA ligase beta subunit0011
Isoleucine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial0011
BMP-2-inducible protein kinase0011
Obg-like ATPase 10011
Midasin0011
Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 40011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 32B0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 200011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 120011
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 130011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase MARK10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 50011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 260011
eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN20011
Succinate--CoA ligase [ADP-forming] subunit beta, mitochondrial0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase NLK0011
Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 17A0011
STE20/SPS1-related proline-alanine-rich protein kinase0011
Ephrin type-A receptor 60011
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK10011
Septin-90011
Death-associated protein kinase 20011
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 30101
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-60011
TRAF2 and NCK-interacting protein kinase0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase TAO20011
Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 50011
ALK tyrosine kinase receptor0011
SRSF protein kinase 30011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase ICK0011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 11A0011
Aurora kinase C0011
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha0011
RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase0112
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 38-like0011
Microtubule-associated serine/threonine-protein kinase 10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase SIK30112
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 20011
Thyroid hormone receptor-associated protein 30011
Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1B0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 50011
Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 30011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase MRCK beta0011
Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 30011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 240011
NF-kappa-B essential modulator0101
Casein kinase I isoform gamma-30011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 40011
Vasopressin V2 receptor0112
Oxytocin receptor0011
Vasopressin V1a receptor0112
Vasopressin V1b receptor0112
Translocator protein0101
Vasopressin V2 receptor 0112
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH]0206
Pantothenate synthetase0202
endonuclease IV1001
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 11001
streptokinase A precursor0022
DNA gyrase subunit B0001
DNA gyrase subunit A0202
DNA gyrase subunit B0202
DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit B0001
DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A0102
DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha0001
DNA gyrase subunit A0001
DNA gyrase subunit A0404
Chain A, GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR SUBUNIT 20101
Chain A, Glutamate Receptor Subunit 20101
Chain B, Glutamate Receptor Subunit 20101
Chain A, Slr1257 protein0011
Chain A, Glucosamine--fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase [isomerizing]0101
glp-1 receptor, partial3003
beta-2 adrenergic receptor1001
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 12002
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 80202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0101
Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial0202
Bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 10101
Prothrombin0011
ATP-citrate synthase 0101
Glutamate receptor 10213
Glutamate receptor 30213
Glutamate receptor 40213
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 10213
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 10112
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 20011
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 30011
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 40112
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 50011
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 60011
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 70011
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 10112
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 50113
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 20213
Glutamate receptor 10213
Glutamate receptor 20213
Glutamate receptor 30112
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 30202
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 80011
Glutamate receptor 40213
Excitatory amino acid transporter 3 0001
Glutamate racemase0001
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 80112
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 10303
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 40202
Glutamate carboxypeptidase 20101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 10101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 20112
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 30101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0101
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 70113
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 30113
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 40113
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 50101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 50202
Glutamate racemase0001
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0101
Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO0101
USP1 protein, partial2002
Microtubule-associated protein tau2002
thioredoxin glutathione reductase3003
cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 70001
nonstructural protein 11001
glucocerebrosidase1001
photoreceptor-specific nuclear receptor0101
alpha-galactosidase1001
LacZ protein (plasmid)0011
XBP10101
IDH12002
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor1001
type-1 angiotensin II receptor0101
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 24004
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor2002
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2 isoform a0011
DNA polymerase beta3003
mitogen-activated protein kinase 13003
ras-related protein Rab-9A1001
apelin receptor0101
G-protein coupled receptor 550101
DNA polymerase eta isoform 11001
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)2002
DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein0101
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 13003
transactivating tegument protein VP16 [Human herpesvirus 1]0101
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 15005
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3G isoform 11001
Transcriptional activator Myb0101
Substance-K receptor0011
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit0001
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit 0001
Transcription factor p650001
Luciferase2002
SMAD family member 21001
SMAD family member 31001
DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform a0001
Cytochrome P450 2C80102
Cytochrome P450 3A50001
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B1001
3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase 3 0101
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d2002
N-glycosylase/DNA lyase0101
Polyphenol oxidase 20101
Bile salt export pump0505
Myeloperoxidase0101
Formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase0101
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor0101
Endonuclease III-like protein 10101
DNA gyrase subunit B0202
Isocitrate lyase0101
Putative FAD-containing monooxygenase MymA0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Endonuclease 8-like 10101
cytochrome P450 2D63003
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)4004
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A1001
CAAX prenyl protease 2 isoform 20001
Tubulin beta-4A chain0101
Tubulin beta chain0101
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10002
Tubulin alpha-3C chain0101
Tubulin alpha-1B chain0101
Tubulin alpha-4A chain0101
Tubulin beta-4B chain0101
DNA primase0101
Tubulin beta-3 chain0101
Tubulin beta-2A chain0101
Tubulin beta-8 chain0101
Tubulin alpha-3E chain0101
Tubulin alpha-1A chain0101
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 10101
Tubulin alpha-1C chain0101
Tubulin beta-6 chain0101
Tubulin beta-2B chain0101
Tubulin beta-1 chain0101
G1001
Histone deacetylase 30202
Nuclear receptor corepressor 10101
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 1001
Integrin beta-10101
Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase0101
Integrin alpha-40101
Histone deacetylase 40101
Histone deacetylase 10202
Histone deacetylase 70101
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 11001
Histone deacetylase 20202
Histone deacetylase 11 0101
Histone deacetylase 80101
Histone deacetylase 60101
Histone deacetylase 50101
Nuclear receptor corepressor 20101
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial1001
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 31001
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 11001
Solute carrier family 22 member 200101
Solute carrier family 22 member 60101
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 41001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3E0101
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein1001
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a2002
FAD-linked sulfhydryl oxidase ALR0001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20303
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40404
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50404
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10326
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase0101
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX150202
Angiotensin-converting enzyme0303
D(2) dopamine receptor0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0202
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0202
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0202
D0101
D(3) dopamine receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0202
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30404
D(1A) dopamine receptor0202
D(4) dopamine receptor0202
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A40001
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0101
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter 0303
Adenosine receptor A10101
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0202
D(4) dopamine receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0202
Histamine H1 receptor0112
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70101
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0101
Histamine H1 receptor0213
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0101
D(3) dopamine receptor0202
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60202
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase 0101
D(2) dopamine receptor0202
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 172002
Inositol monophosphatase 12002
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10101
Transporter0101
Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 3 0303
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3D0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3C0101
Transporter0101
dopamine D1 receptor2002
D(1A) dopamine receptor1001
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor DM10101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor0101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20101
luciferase0001
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit1001
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver0101
Estrogen receptor0202
Glucocorticoid receptor04211
Progesterone receptor0203
Glucocorticoid receptor0112
Glucocorticoid receptor0011
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-10404
Corticosteroid-binding globulin0101
Mineralocorticoid receptor 0213
Androgen receptor0202
Glutamine synthetase0011
Androgen receptor0101
Glycine receptor subunit beta0404
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-20404
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-30404
Nociceptin receptor0011
Cytochrome P450 2J20101
Estrogen receptor beta0202
pregnane X receptor1001
Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-10102
Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-20101
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a2002
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-60101
DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A40101
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 0202
Albumin0011
NH(3)-dependent NAD(+) synthetase0101
60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial0101
Arylacetamide deacetylase0102
Caspase-10101
Alpha-synuclein0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A10101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A20101
10 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial0101
Glutathione S-transferase omega-10101
DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta0101
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase0101
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase0101
60 kDa chaperonin 0101
10 kDa chaperonin 0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B30203
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B10203
Protein-arginine deiminase type-40202
Cereblon isoform 40202
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A0101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4C0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D0101
DNA-binding protein Ikaros0001
DNA damage-binding protein 10112
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]