cefiderocol profile

cefiderocol: structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

cefiderocol : A fourth-generation siderophore cephalosporin antibiotic having {1-[2-(2-chloro-3,4-dihydroxybenzamido)ethyl]pyrrolidinium-1-yl}methyl and [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-{[(2-carboxypropan-2-yl)oxy]imino}acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively, developed to combat a variety of bacterial pathogens, including beta-lactam- and carbapenem-resistant organisms. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	77843966
CHEMBL ID	3989974
SCHEMBL ID	22508010

Synonym
s-649266
cefiderocol
cefiderocol [who-dd]
gsk2696266
SZ34OMG6E8 ,
cefiderocol [mi]
(6r,7r)-7-[(2z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-{[(2-carboxypropan-2-yl)oxy]imino}acetamido]-3-({1-[2-(2-chloro-3,4-dihydroxybenzamido)ethyl]pyrrolidin-1-ium-1-yl}methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate
pyrrolidinium, 1-(((6r,7r)-7-(((2z)-2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-((1-carboxy-1-methylethoxy)imino)acetyl)amino)-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-en-3-yl)methyl)-1-(2-((2-chloro-3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl)amino)ethyl)-, inner salt
cefiderocol [usan]
1225208-94-5
cefiderocol [inn]
s 649266
cefiderocol [usan:inn]
gsk 2696266
rsc 649266
unii-sz34omg6e8
CS-0016784
HY-17628
EX-A7292
DB14879
BS-14716
CHEMBL3989974
cefiderocol (usan)
D11302
(6r,7r)-7-[[(2z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(2-carboxypropan-2-yloxyimino)acetyl]amino]-3-[[1-[2-[(2-chloro-3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl)amino]ethyl]pyrrolidin-1-ium-1-yl]methyl]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate
SCHEMBL22508010
AKOS037648584
1-{[(6r,7r)-7-[(2z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-[(1-carboxy-1-methylethoxy)imino]acetamido]-2-carboxylato-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-3-yl]methyl}-1-{2-[(2-chloro-3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)formamido]ethyl}pyrrolidin-1-ium
EN300-22213856
cefiderocolum
compound 3 (pmid: 29960205)
(6r,7r)-7-(((2z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(((2-carboxypropan-2-yl)oxy)imino)acetyl)amino)-3-((1-(2-(2-chloro-3,4-dihydroxybenzamido)ethyl)pyrrolidinium-1-yl)methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate
(6r,7r)-7-((2z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(((2-carboxypropan-2-yl)oxy)imino)acetamido)-3-((1-(2-(2-chloro-3,4-dihydroxybenzamido)ethyl)pyrrolidin-1-ium-1-yl)methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate
s649266
DTXSID401098052
pyrrolidinium, 1-[[(6r,7r)-7-[[(2z)-2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-[(1-carboxy-1-methylethoxy)imino]acetyl]amino]-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-3-yl]methyl]-1-[2-[(2-chloro-3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl)amino]ethyl]-, inner salt

Research Excerpts

Overview

Cefiderocol is a novel injectable siderophore cephalosporin that hijacks the bacterial iron transport machinery to facilitate cell entry and achieve high periplasmic concentrations. It has broad in vitro activity against resistant pathogens and is often used to treat critically ill patients, including those receiving CRRT.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Cefiderocol (3) is a highly promising parenteral cephalosporin for the treatment of multi-drug resistant Gram-negative infection."	( Cefiderocol (S-649266), A new siderophore cephalosporin exhibiting potent activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative pathogens including multi-drug resistant bacteria: Structure activity relationship. Aoki, T; Hasegawa, Y; Hisakawa, S; Kusano, H; Nakamura, R; Nishikawa, T; Nishitani, Y; Sano, M; Sato, J; Sato, T; Sugimoto, H; Tsuji, M; Yamano, Y; Yamawaki, K; Yokoo, K; Yoshizawa, H, 2018)	2.64
"Cefiderocol is a novel injectable siderophore cephalosporin that hijacks the bacterial iron transport machinery to facilitate cell entry and achieve high periplasmic concentrations. "	( Cefiderocol: A New Cephalosporin Stratagem Against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria. Czech, M; Holubar, M; Ong'uti, S; Robilotti, E, 2022)	3.61
"Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore cephalosporin with in vitro activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR), gram-negative bacteria and intrinsic structural stability to all classes of carbapenemases. "	( Case Report and Genomic Analysis of Cefiderocol-Resistant Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates. Chandrasekaran, S; Contreras, D; Davar, K; Garner, OB; Price, TK; Simner, PJ; Ward, KW; Yang, S, 2022)	2.44
"Cefiderocol is a novel catechol-substituted siderophore cephalosporin that binds to the extracellular free iron, and uses the bacterial active iron transport channels to penetrate in the periplasmic space of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB). "	( Cefiderocol, a new antibiotic against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. López-Medrano, F; Silva, JT, 2021)	3.51
"Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore cephalosporin with broad in vitro activity against resistant pathogens and is often used to treat critically ill patients, including those receiving CRRT, despite the lack of data to guide dosing in this population."	( Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Dose Optimization of Cefiderocol during Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy. Butler, D; Katsube, T; Tan, X; Wajima, T; Wenzler, E, 2022)	1.68
"Cefiderocol is a promising novel siderophore cephalosporin for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli and with stability against degradation by metallo-β-lactamases. "	( New Delhi Metallo-Beta-Lactamase Facilitates the Emergence of Cefiderocol Resistance in Enterobacter cloacae. Boutin, S; Chanthalangsy, Q; Heeg, K; Klein, S; Kocer, K; Nurjadi, D, 2022)	2.4
"Cefiderocol is a novel injectable siderophore containing cephalosporin with potent microbicidal activity against most carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)."	( Cefiderocol: A new Antimicrobial for Complicated Urinary Tract Infection (CUTI) Caused by Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). Chakraborty, DS; Chatterjee, S; Choudhury, S; Lahiry, S, 2022)	2.89
"Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore cephalosporin antibiotic with a catechol moiety on the 3-position side chain."	( Investigator-Driven Randomised Controlled Trial of Cefiderocol versus Standard Therapy for Healthcare-Associated and Hospital-Acquired Gram-negative Bloodstream Infection: Study protocol (the GAME CHANGER trial): study protocol for an open-label, randomis Chatfield, MD; Donaldson, A; Harris, PNA; Harris-Brown, T; Henderson, A; Lye, D; Paterson, DL; Wright, H, 2021)	1.59
"Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore cephalosporin active against all carbapenemase classes."	( In vitro activity of cefiderocol against Gram-negative bacterial pathogens in Germany. Caldwell, B; Hamprecht, A; Henriksen, AS; Longshaw, C; Thelen, P; Yamano, Y, 2022)	1.76
"Cefiderocol is a new siderophore cephalosporin with potent in vitro activity against gram-negative bacilli including Enterobacterales that produce all kinds of carbapenemases and non-fermenting Gram-negative with difficult-to-treat resistance. "	( Cefiderocol. Blandino-Ortiz, A; Montufar, J; Soriano, MC, 2022)	3.61
"Cefiderocol is a catechol-substituted cephalosporin dedicated to the treatment of infections caused by multidrug resistant gram-negative rods. "	( Comparison of disk diffusion, MIC test strip and broth microdilution methods for cefiderocol susceptibility testing on carbapenem-resistant enterobacterales. Bonnin, RA; Dortet, L; Emeraud, C; Jousset, AB; Naas, T, 2022)	2.39
"Cefiderocol is a siderophore cephalosporin antibiotic and first of its kind approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI) and hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (HABP/VABP) in patients 18 years or older caused by susceptible organisms. "	( Pharmacokinetic evaluation of cefiderocol for the treatment of multidrug resistant Gram-negative infections. Danziger, LH; Drwiega, EN; Griffith, NC, 2022)	2.45
"Cefiderocol (CFDC) is a novel chlorocatechol-substituted siderophore antibiotic approved to treat complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI) and hospital-acquired and ventilator-acquired pneumonia (HAP/VAP). "	( Acinetobacter baumannii response to cefiderocol challenge in human urine. Actis, LA; Bonomo, RA; Escalante, J; Georgeos, N; Mezcord, V; Nishimura, B; Pasteran, F; Pimentel, C; Ramirez, MS; Rodriguez, C; Sieira, R; Subils, T; Tolmasky, ME; Tuttobene, MR, 2022)	2.44
"Cefiderocol is a siderophore cephalosporin recently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of hospital- and ventilator-acquired bacterial pneumonia and complicated urinary tract infections. "	( Safety and efficacy of cefiderocol for off-label treatment indications: A systematic review. Atkins, C; Babidhan, R; Covvey, JR; Gionfriddo, MR; Guarascio, AJ; Jozefczyk, NJ; Lewis, A; Montepara, CA; Nemecek, BD; Zimmerman, DE, 2022)	2.47
"Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore β-lactam with improved hydrolytic stability toward β-lactamases, including carbapenemases, achieved by combining structural moieties of two clinically efficient cephalosporins, ceftazidime and cefepime. "	( Evolution of β-lactamase-mediated cefiderocol resistance. Fröhlich, C; Johnsen, PJ; Samuelsen, Ø; Sørum, V; Tokuriki, N, 2022)	2.44
"Cefiderocol is a cephalosporin antibiotic presenting expanded antimicrobial activity. "	( Catecholate siderophore receptor CirA impacts cefiderocol susceptibility in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Jiang, Y; Lan, P; Lu, Y; Wu, X; Yu, Y; Zhou, J, 2022)	2.42
"Cefiderocol (FDC) is a novel cephalosporin that is active against Gram-negative bacteria, with promising efficacy for A."	( Acinetobacter baumannii and Cefiderocol, between Cidality and Adaptability. Bivona, DA; Bonacci, PG; Bongiorno, D; Bonomo, C; Marino, A; Mirabile, A; Privitera, GF; Stefani, S; Stracquadanio, S, 2022)	1.74
"Cefiderocol is a new antimicrobial with a chemical structure similar to ceftazidime and cefepime. "	( The role of cefiderocol in clinical practice. Maseda, E; Suárez de la Rica, A, 2022)	2.54
"Cefiderocol is a new cephalosporin with a catechol in its chemical structure faciliting its access to the interior of bacteria through iron channels. "	( Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics and tolerability of cefiderocol in the clinical setting. Azanza Perea, JR; Sádaba Díaz de Rada, B, 2022)	2.41
"Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore cephalosporin active against MDR Gram-negative bacilli, including MBL-harbouring Enterobacterales. "	( The acquisition of transferable extrachromosomal fec operon is associated with a cefiderocol MIC increase in Enterobacterales. Boutin, S; Heeg, K; Kocer, K; Nurjadi, D, 2022)	2.39
"Cefiderocol is a first-in-class siderophore cephalosporin that has a proven efficacy for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections, including carbapenem-resistant A."	( Clinical evidence supporting cefiderol for serious Acinetobacter baumannii infections. Bassetti, M; Castaldo, N; Giacobbe, DR; Grossi, PA; Peghin, M; Vena, A, 2022)	1.44
"Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore cephalosporin that displays activity against Gram-negative bacteria. "	( Structural Basis of PER-1-Mediated Cefiderocol Resistance and Synergistic Inhibition of PER-1 by Cefiderocol in Combination with Avibactam or Durlobactam in Acinetobacter baumannii. Hua, X; Lei, T; Leptihn, S; Liu, H; Liu, X; Yang, Y; Yu, Y; Zhang, L, 2022)	2.44
"Cefiderocol is a novel catechol-substituted siderophore cephalosporin with broad-spectrum activity against Gram-negative pathogens. "	( In vitro activity of cefiderocol against clinically important carbapenem non-susceptible Gram-negative bacteria from Saudi Arabia. Alalwan, B; Alghoribi, MF; Aljohani, S; Alreheli, A; Alzayer, M; Bosaeed, M; Doumith, M, 2023)	2.67
"Cefiderocol (CFDC) is a novel siderophore-cephalosporin, effective against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. "	( Elucidating the effect of iron acquisition systems in Klebsiella pneumoniae on susceptibility to the novel siderophore-cephalosporin cefiderocol. Al-Marzooq, F; Collyns, T; Daoud, L; Ghazawi, A; Moubareck, CA, 2022)	2.37
"Cefiderocol is a 'siderophore' cephalosporin active against Gram-negative bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant strains. "	( Clinical efficacy and safety of cefiderocol for resistant Gram-negative infections: a real-life, single-centre experience. Andini, R; Durante-Mangoni, E; Karruli, A; Marrazzo, T; Massa, A; Ruocco, G; Zampino, R, 2023)	2.64
"Cefiderocol is a new antibiotic used to treat infections with antibiotic resistant Gram-negative bacilli. "	( Evaluation of Variability in Interpretation of Disk Diffusion Testing for Cefiderocol Using Different Brands of Mueller-Hinton Agar. Alvarado, K; Burnham, CD; Muenks, CE; Potter, RF; Wallace, MA; Yarbrough, ML, 2023)	2.58
"Cefiderocol is a new cephalosporin that exhibits excellent in vitro activity against many multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms, but there is no published data about the modifications of its PK in patients with ECMO support."	( Pharmacokinetics of cefiderocol during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A case report. Domenech, J; Domenech, L; Ferrer, R; Gallart, E; García, S; Girón, P; Lamora, A; Nuvials, X; Palmada, C; Pau, A; Riera, J; Sánchez, A; Sosa, M; Torrella, P, 2023)	1.96
"Cefiderocol is a valid alternative for the treatment of susceptible CR-GNB infections in patients with limited therapeutic options."	( Real-life use of cefiderocol for salvage therapy of severe infections due to carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Carmona, P; Córdoba-Fernández, M; de la Fuente, C; Domínguez, A; García, L; Guzmán-Puche, J; López-Viñau, T; Machuca, I; Martínez-Martínez, L; Merino, N; Robles, JC; Rodríguez, M; Torre-Cisneros, J; Vaquero, JM, 2023)	1.97
"Cefiderocol is a siderophore cephalosporin designed mainly for treatment of infections caused by β-lactam and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. "	( Exploring Cefiderocol Resistance Mechanisms in Burkholderia pseudomallei. Currie, BJ; Hagen, JP; Hall, CM; Keim, P; Mayo, M; Nottingham, R; Podin, Y; Sahl, JW; Schweizer, HP; Somprasong, N; Wagner, DM; Webb, JR, 2023)	2.76
"Cefiderocol is a catechol-substituted cephalosporin with potent in vitro activity against carbapenem-resistant (CR) Gram-negative bacteria (GNB). "	( Performance evaluation of the UMIC® Cefiderocol to determine MIC in Gram-negative bacteria. Antonelli, A; Dortet, L; Frisch, S; Gatermann, S; Giani, T; Gonzalez, C; Hoenings, R; Naas, T; Niccolai, C; Pfennigwerth, N; Rossolini, GM, 2023)	2.63
"Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore antibiotic that may require use in infected critically ill patients supported by ECMO."	( Cefiderocol is Not Sequestered in an Ex Vivo Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Circuit. Berry, AV; Conelius, A; Gluck, JA; Kuti, JL; Nicolau, DP, 2023)	3.07
"Cefiderocol (Fetroja®) is a clinically-used sideromycin, that is utilized for the treatment of severe drug-resistant infections, caused by Gram-negative bacteria; there is evidence of cefiderocol-resistance occurring in bacterial strains however."	( Metallo-sideromycin as a dual functional complex for combating antimicrobial resistance. Chan, CL; Ho, PL; Kao, RY; Li, H; Li, J; Sun, H; Toy, PH; Wang, C; Wang, R; Xia, Y, 2023)	1.63
"Cefiderocol is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic and is indicated in patients with difficult-to-treat Gram-negative bacterial infections. "	( Continuous infusion of cefiderocol in a critically ill patient with continuous venovenous haemofiltration. Möhlmann, JE; Sikma, MA; Uijtendaal, EV; van Luin, M; Zahr, N, 2023)	2.66
"Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore cephalosporin with promising activity against most carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CRGNB). "	( Cefiderocol use for the treatment of infections by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria: an Italian multicentre real-life experience. Bartolini, A; Bartoloni, A; Bernardo, M; Bianco, V; Botta, A; Faragona, A; Giacometti, A; Giani, T; Graziani, L; Lagi, F; Morroni, G; Parrella, R; Piccica, M; Rossolini, GM; Spinicci, M; Tavio, M, 2023)	3.8
"Cefiderocol (FDC) is a promising broad-spectrum cephalosporin recently approved for treating Gram-negative infection."	( Rapid detection of cefiderocol susceptibility/resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii. Bouvier, M; Decousser, JW; Kerbol, A; Nordmann, P; Poirel, L; Raro, OHF, 2023)	1.96
"Cefiderocol (CFDC) is a novel siderophore-cephalosporin, which usually penetrates the bacteria through the iron-uptake pathways. "	( High efficacy and enhanced synergistic activity of the novel siderophore-cephalosporin cefiderocol against multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from inpatients attending a single hospital in the United Arab Emirates. Al-Marzooq, F; Anes, F; Collyns, T; Daoud, L; Ghazawi, A, 2023)	2.58
"Cefiderocol is a time-dependent cephalosporin; the probability of a target attainment at ≥75% of the dosing interval during which the free drug concentration exceeds the minimum inhibitory concentration (ƒT/MIC) for bacterial strains with an MIC of ≤4 μg/mL is likely to be achieved at the therapeutic dose of 2 g over 3-hour infusion every 8 hours in most patients."	( Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Profiles of Cefiderocol, a Novel Siderophore Cephalosporin. Echols, R; Katsube, T; Wajima, T, 2019)	1.49
"Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore cephalosporin targeting gram-negative bacteria, including strains with carbapenem resistance."	( Cefiderocol: Discovery, Chemistry, and In Vivo Profiles of a Novel Siderophore Cephalosporin. Sato, T; Yamawaki, K, 2019)	2.68
"Cefiderocol is a newly approved siderophore cephalosporin that demonstrates expanded "	( Case Commentary: the Need for Cefiderocol Is Clear, but Are the Supporting Clinical Data? Shields, RK, 2020)	2.29
"Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore cephalosporin, developed for activity against MDR Gram-negative bacilli (MDR-GNB)."	( Activity of cefiderocol against high-risk clones of multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Conejo, MDC; Delgado-Valverde, M; Fernández-Cuenca, F; Pascual, Á; Serrano, L, 2020)	2.38
"Cefiderocol is a cephalosporin antibiotic indicated for use in adults 18 years or older who have minimal treatment options due to resistance for complicated urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter cloacae complex."	( Cefiderocol for Infections Caused by Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria. Blakely, KK; Stallworth, K; Weaver, K, 2020)	2.72
"Cefiderocol is a siderophore cephalosporin with potent antibacterial activity against a broad range of Gram-negative pathogens, including multidrug-resistant strains. "	( Cefiderocol Retains Antibiofilm Activity in Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens. Felder-Scott, C; Greenberg, DE; Obuekwe, V; Pybus, CA, 2021)	3.51
"Cefiderocol is a new siderophore cephalosporin designed to be active against extensively resistant Gram-negative bacteria; however, clinical studies are limited to complicated urinary tract infections, pneumonia, and intra-abdominal infections. "	( Recurrent neurosurgical site infection by extensively drug-resistant Bavaro, DF; Belati, A; Diella, L; Fico, C; Monno, L; Mosca, A; Romanelli, F; Ronga, L; Saracino, A; Stolfa, S, 2021)	2.06
"Cefiderocol is a promising antibiotic for complicated infections due to multidrug resistant gram-negative bacteria."	( Recurrent neurosurgical site infection by extensively drug-resistant Bavaro, DF; Belati, A; Diella, L; Fico, C; Monno, L; Mosca, A; Romanelli, F; Ronga, L; Saracino, A; Stolfa, S, 2021)	2.06
"Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore cephalosporin that forms a complex with extracellular free ferric iron, which leads to transportation across the outer cell membrane to exert its bactericidal activity through cell wall synthesis inhibition. "	( Cefiderocol: a novel siderophore cephalosporin for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. Kufel, WD; Mastro, KA; Parsels, KA; Steele, JM; Thomas, SJ, 2021)	3.51
"Cefiderocol (FDC) is a recently developed siderophore cephalosporin showing excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, including Acinetobacter baumannii. "	( Contribution of PER-Type and NDM-Type β-Lactamases to Cefiderocol Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii. Nordmann, P; Poirel, L; Sadek, M, 2021)	2.31
"Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore cephalosporin approved in Europe for the treatment of aerobic GNB infections in adults with limited treatment options."	( In vitro activity of cefiderocol and comparators against Gram-negative bacterial isolates from a series of surveillance studies in England: 2014-2018. Bain, M; Gant, V; Henriksen, AS; Hussain, A; Longshaw, C, 2021)	1.66
"Cefiderocol is a new siderophore time-dependent antibiotic of last resort. "	( Physicochemical stability of cefiderocol, a novel siderophore cephalosporin, in syringes at 62.5 mg/mL for continuous administration in intensive care units. Charmillon, A; D'Huart, E; Demoré, B; Loeuille, G; Vigneron, J, 2023)	2.64
"Cefiderocol is a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic with promising activity against various Gram-negative bacteria including carbapenem-resistant strains. "	( Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Cefiderocol. Bilal, M; Büsker, S; El Tabei, L; Fuhr, U; Krauss, C; Taubert, M, 2021)	2.32
"Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore-based cephalosporine developed to treat serious infections, including those caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales."	( Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales Infection After Massive Blast Injury: Use of Cefiderocol Based Combination Therapy. Alderete, JF; Cancio, LC; Carney, BW; Cindass, R; Markelz, AE; Rizzo, JA, 2021)	1.57
"Cefiderocol is a novel parenteral siderophore cephalosporin that shows potent efficacy against various Gram-negative bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant strains, "	( Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of Cefiderocol, a Novel Siderophore Cephalosporin for Gram-Negative Bacteria, in Healthy Subjects. Fukase, H; Katsube, T; Saisho, Y; Shimada, J; White, S, 2018)	2.18
"Cefiderocol is a siderophore cephalosporin antibiotic that has recently been developed to combat a variety of bacterial pathogens, including β-lactam- and carbapenem-resistant organisms."	( Cefiderocol: a novel siderophore cephalosporin. Choi, JJ; McCarthy, MW, 2018)	2.64
"Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore cephalosporin with potent activity against gram-negative bacteria, including multidrug-resistant strains. "	( Effect of Cefiderocol, a Siderophore Cephalosporin, on QT/QTc Interval in Healthy Adult Subjects. Den Nagata, T; Katsube, T; Machida, M; Mason, JW; Migoya, E; Narukawa, Y; Sanabria, C; Stanworth, SH, 2019)	2.36
"Cefiderocol (S-649266) is a novel parenteral siderophore cephalosporin conjugated with a catechol moiety at the third-position side chain. "	( Siderophore Cephalosporin Cefiderocol Utilizes Ferric Iron Transporter Systems for Antibacterial Activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ito, A; Matsumoto, S; Nakamura, R; Nishikawa, T; Sato, T; Tsuji, M; Yamano, Y; Yoshizawa, H, 2016)	2.18

Effects

Cefiderocol has been shown to be potent in vitro against a broad range of Gram-negative organisms, including carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and multi-drug-resistant (MDR) P.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Cefiderocol has an excellent in vitro activity on clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. "	( Cefiderocol activity is compromised by acquired extended-spectrum oxacillinases in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bour, M; Da Silva, M; Jeannot, K; Landon, C; Plésiat, P; Vuillemin, X, 2023)	3.8
"Cefiderocol has been shown to be potent in vitro against a broad range of Gram-negative organisms, including carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and multi-drug-resistant (MDR) P."	( Investigator-Driven Randomised Controlled Trial of Cefiderocol versus Standard Therapy for Healthcare-Associated and Hospital-Acquired Gram-negative Bloodstream Infection: Study protocol (the GAME CHANGER trial): study protocol for an open-label, randomis Chatfield, MD; Donaldson, A; Harris, PNA; Harris-Brown, T; Henderson, A; Lye, D; Paterson, DL; Wright, H, 2021)	1.59
"Cefiderocol has been used to treat patients with complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI); hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), healthcare-associated pneumonia (HAP); in patients with sepsis and bacteremia, some without an identified primary focus of infection."	( Clinical experience of cefiderocol. Fariñas, MC, 2022)	1.75

Treatment

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Cefiderocol treatment did not affect iron homeostasis, and its efficacy and safety were not influenced by baseline serum iron levels."	( Iron serum levels and iron homeostasis parameters in patients with nosocomial pneumonia treated with cefiderocol: post hoc analysis of the APEKS-NP study. Echols, R; Matsunaga, Y; Menon, A; Portsmouth, S; Skaar, EP, 2022)	1.66

Toxicity

Treatment-emergent adverse events were noted for 91% (92 patients of 101) of the cefiderocol group and 96% of the best available therapy group. Cefidericol was associated with a similar risk of adverse events as comparators.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" In the safety population, treatment-emergent adverse events were noted for 91% (92 patients of 101) of the cefiderocol group and 96% (47 patients of 49) of the best available therapy group."	( Efficacy and safety of cefiderocol or best available therapy for the treatment of serious infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CREDIBLE-CR): a randomised, open-label, multicentre, pathogen-focused, descriptive, phase 3 trial. Ariyasu, M; Bassetti, M; Doi, Y; Echols, R; Ferrer, R; Lodise, TP; Matsunaga, Y; Naas, T; Nagata, TD; Niki, Y; Paterson, DL; Portsmouth, S; Torre-Cisneros, J; Toyoizumi, K; Wunderink, RG, 2021)	1.14
" Finally, cefiderocol was associated with a similar risk of adverse events as comparators."	( Clinical efficacy and safety of cefiderocol in the treatment of acute bacterial infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Chao, CM; Chen, CH; Hsueh, SC; Lai, CC; Wang, CY, 2021)	1.31
" We collected data for all patients who received cefiderocol therapy in our hospital, with a focus on clinical outcomes and adverse events."	( Clinical efficacy and safety of cefiderocol for resistant Gram-negative infections: a real-life, single-centre experience. Andini, R; Durante-Mangoni, E; Karruli, A; Marrazzo, T; Massa, A; Ruocco, G; Zampino, R, 2023)	1.45

Pharmacokinetics

Cefiderocol demonstrated linear pharmacokinetics, primarily urinary excretion, an elimination half-life of 2-3 hours, and a protein binding of 58% in human plasma. Simulations based on population pharmacokinetic modeling suggest dosing regimens should be adjusted based on kidney function.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" In phase 1 studies, cefiderocol demonstrated linear pharmacokinetics, primarily urinary excretion, an elimination half-life of 2-3 hours, and a protein binding of 58% in human plasma."	( Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Profiles of Cefiderocol, a Novel Siderophore Cephalosporin. Echols, R; Katsube, T; Wajima, T, 2019)	1.09
" This study assessed the intrapulmonary pharmacokinetic profile of cefiderocol at steady state in hospitalized, mechanically ventilated pneumonia patients."	( Intrapulmonary pharmacokinetic profile of cefiderocol in mechanically ventilated patients with pneumonia. Echols, R; Katsube, T; Matsunaga, Y; Menon, A; Nicolau, DP; Portsmouth, S; Rodvold, KA; Wajima, T; Wunderink, RG, 2021)	1.12
" Simulations based on population pharmacokinetic modeling suggest that dosing regimens should be adjusted based on kidney function to optimize therapeutic exposure to cefiderocol."	( Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Cefiderocol. Bilal, M; Büsker, S; El Tabei, L; Fuhr, U; Krauss, C; Taubert, M, 2021)	1.07
" The pharmacokinetic profile is a beta-lactam one: no oral absorption, and with a wide distribution within the vascular space and the interstitial fluid of well vascularized tissues, reaching therapeutic concentrations in the alveolar lavage fluid and within the macrophage."	( Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics and tolerability of cefiderocol in the clinical setting. Azanza Perea, JR; Sádaba Díaz de Rada, B, 2022)	0.97
" Herein we report the results of a pharmacokinetic investigation of cefiderocol in a critically ill patient receiving extracorporeal respiratory support."	( Pharmacokinetics of cefiderocol during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A case report. Domenech, J; Domenech, L; Ferrer, R; Gallart, E; García, S; Girón, P; Lamora, A; Nuvials, X; Palmada, C; Pau, A; Riera, J; Sánchez, A; Sosa, M; Torrella, P, 2023)	1.47

Compound-Compound Interactions

Evaluate the in vivo efficacy and resistance prevention of cefiderocol in combination with ceftazidime/avibactam, ampicillin/sulbactam and meropenem.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The aim of this study was to assess in vivo drug-drug interaction (DDI) potential of cefiderocol using probe substrates for these transporters."	( Drug-drug interaction of cefiderocol, a siderophore cephalosporin, via human drug transporters. Hernandez-Illas, M; Katsube, T; Miyazaki, S; Narukawa, Y; Wajima, T, 2018)	1.01
"To evaluate the in vitro activity of aztreonam in combination with novel β-lactamase inhibitors, namely avibactam, nacubactam, taniborbactam and zidebactam, against MDR MBL-producing Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates."	( In vitro activity of aztreonam in combination with newly developed β-lactamase inhibitors against MDR Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing metallo-β-lactamases. Le Terrier, C; Nordmann, P; Poirel, L, 2022)	0.72
"Evaluate the in vivo efficacy and resistance prevention of cefiderocol in combination with ceftazidime/avibactam, ampicillin/sulbactam and meropenem using human-simulated regimens (HSR) in the murine infection model."	( In vivo efficacy & resistance prevention of cefiderocol in combination with ceftazidime/avibactam, ampicillin/sulbactam or meropenem using human-simulated regimens versus Acinetobacter baumannii. Echols, R; Gill, CM; Longshaw, C; Nicolau, DP; Santini, D; Takemura, M; Yamano, Y, 2023)	1.41

Dosage Studied

Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore cephalosporin with broad in vitro activity against resistant pathogens. It is often used to treat critically ill patients, including those receiving CRRT. Simulations based on population pharmacokinetic modeling suggest that dosing regimens should be adjusted based on kidney function.

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Cefiderocol is a time-dependent cephalosporin; the probability of a target attainment at ≥75% of the dosing interval during which the free drug concentration exceeds the minimum inhibitory concentration (ƒT/MIC) for bacterial strains with an MIC of ≤4 μg/mL is likely to be achieved at the therapeutic dose of 2 g over 3-hour infusion every 8 hours in most patients."	( Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Profiles of Cefiderocol, a Novel Siderophore Cephalosporin. Echols, R; Katsube, T; Wajima, T, 2019)	1.68
" Simulations based on population pharmacokinetic modeling suggest that dosing regimens should be adjusted based on kidney function to optimize therapeutic exposure to cefiderocol."	( Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Cefiderocol. Bilal, M; Büsker, S; El Tabei, L; Fuhr, U; Krauss, C; Taubert, M, 2021)	1.07
" Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore cephalosporin with broad in vitro activity against resistant pathogens and is often used to treat critically ill patients, including those receiving CRRT, despite the lack of data to guide dosing in this population."	( Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Dose Optimization of Cefiderocol during Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy. Butler, D; Katsube, T; Tan, X; Wajima, T; Wenzler, E, 2022)	1.87
"The aim of this study was to evaluate the PK and PD of cefiderocol during in vitro and in vivo CRRT and provide optimal dosing recommendations."	( Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Dose Optimization of Cefiderocol during Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy. Butler, D; Katsube, T; Tan, X; Wajima, T; Wenzler, E, 2022)	1.21
" Optimal dosing regimens and their respective probability of target attainment (PTA) were assessed via an established population PK model with Bayesian estimation and 1000-subject Monte Carlo simulations at each effluent flow rate."	( Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Dose Optimization of Cefiderocol during Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy. Butler, D; Katsube, T; Tan, X; Wajima, T; Wenzler, E, 2022)	0.96
"The optimal dosing regimens developed from this work have been incorporated into the prescribing information for cefiderocol, making it the first and only antimicrobial with labeled dosing for CRRT."	( Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Dose Optimization of Cefiderocol during Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy. Butler, D; Katsube, T; Tan, X; Wajima, T; Wenzler, E, 2022)	1.17
"To describe cefiderocol CSF and plasma PK and pharmacodynamic (PD) data from two different dosing regimens [2 g IV q6h (regimen 1) and 2 g IV q8h (regimen 2)] during treatment of CRAB meningitis."	( Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of cefiderocol during successful treatment of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii meningitis. Abouelhassan, Y; Bourdages, G; Gutierrez, RL; Kufel, WD; Nicolau, DP; Perwez, T; Steele, JM, 2022)	1.35
" Estimated free plasma and CSF concentrations exceeded the MIC of the isolate for 100% of the dosing interval."	( Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of cefiderocol during successful treatment of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii meningitis. Abouelhassan, Y; Bourdages, G; Gutierrez, RL; Kufel, WD; Nicolau, DP; Perwez, T; Steele, JM, 2022)	0.98
"Cefiderocol, when given as 2 g q8h and 2 g q6h, attained CSF concentrations that exceeded the organism-specific MIC and the CLSI susceptible breakpoint (≤4 mg/L) for 100% of the dosing interval."	( Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of cefiderocol during successful treatment of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii meningitis. Abouelhassan, Y; Bourdages, G; Gutierrez, RL; Kufel, WD; Nicolau, DP; Perwez, T; Steele, JM, 2022)	2.42
" Pharmacokinetic studies in patients supported by ECMO are warranted to determine final dosing recommendations."	( Cefiderocol is Not Sequestered in an Ex Vivo Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Circuit. Berry, AV; Conelius, A; Gluck, JA; Kuti, JL; Nicolau, DP, 2023)	2.35

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Role	Description
antibacterial drug	A drug used to treat or prevent bacterial infections.
siderophore	Any of low-molecular-mass iron(III)-chelating compounds produced by microorganisms for the purpose of the transport and sequestration of iron.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
cephalosporin	A class of beta-lactam antibiotics differing from the penicillins in having a 6-membered, rather than a 5-membered, side ring. Although cephalosporins are among the most commonly used antibiotics in the treatment of routine infections, and their use is increasing over time, they can cause a range of hypersensitivity reactions, from mild, delayed-onset cutaneous reactions to life-threatening anaphylaxis in patients with immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergy.
carboxylic acid	A carbon oxoacid acid carrying at least one -C(=O)OH group and having the structure RC(=O)OH, where R is any any monovalent functional group. Carboxylic acids are the most common type of organic acid.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Bioassays (46)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID1846919	Antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant wild type Escherichia coli ATCC BAA-2340 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12	Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID1846920	Antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant wild type Escherichia coli NCTC 13353 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12	Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID1774188	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli delta cirA assessed as growth inhibition by measuring minimal concentration at OD600 by visual inspection with iron-limited media incubated for 24 hrs	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20	Antibiotic Conjugates with an Artificial MECAM-Based Siderophore Are Potent Agents against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens.
AID1846923	Antibacterial activity agains wild type Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2470 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12	Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID1774190	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli delta fepA delta cirA assessed as growth inhibition by measuring minimal concentration at OD600 by visual inspection with iron-limited media incubated for 24 hrs	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20	Antibiotic Conjugates with an Artificial MECAM-Based Siderophore Are Potent Agents against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens.
AID1361165	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa SR24 in presence of human apo-transferrin by broth microdilution method	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155	Cefiderocol (S-649266), A new siderophore cephalosporin exhibiting potent activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative pathogens including multi-drug resistant bacteria: Structure activity relationship.
AID1774186	Antibacterial activity against wild type Escherichia coli BW25113 assessed as growth inhibition by measuring minimal concentration at OD600 by visual inspection with iron-limited media incubated for 24 hrs	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20	Antibiotic Conjugates with an Artificial MECAM-Based Siderophore Are Potent Agents against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens.
AID1846922	Antibacterial activity agains wild type Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-1705 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12	Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID1361170	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 27060deltaR1 harboring deletion of R1 plasmid in presence of human apo-transferrin by broth microdilution method	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155	Cefiderocol (S-649266), A new siderophore cephalosporin exhibiting potent activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative pathogens including multi-drug resistant bacteria: Structure activity relationship.
AID1361167	Antimicrobial activity against IMP-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa SR27001 in presence of human apo-transferrin by broth microdilution method	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155	Cefiderocol (S-649266), A new siderophore cephalosporin exhibiting potent activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative pathogens including multi-drug resistant bacteria: Structure activity relationship.
AID1649587	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 in presence of 1 ug/ml iron by standard broth microdilution method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-11, Volume: 63, Issue:11	A γ-Lactam Siderophore Antibiotic Effective against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli.
AID1846927	Antibacterial activity against wild type Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12	Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID1774180	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli BW25113 assessed as growth inhibition by measuring minimal concentration at OD600 by visual inspection with iron-limited media incubated for 24 hrs	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20	Antibiotic Conjugates with an Artificial MECAM-Based Siderophore Are Potent Agents against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens.
AID1774194	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli delta tonB assessed as growth inhibition by measuring minimal concentration at OD600 by visual inspection with iron-limited media incubated for 24 hrs	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20	Antibiotic Conjugates with an Artificial MECAM-Based Siderophore Are Potent Agents against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens.
AID1774196	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli delta fepB assessed as growth inhibition by measuring minimal concentration at OD600 by visual inspection with iron-limited media incubated for 24 hrs	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20	Antibiotic Conjugates with an Artificial MECAM-Based Siderophore Are Potent Agents against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens.
AID1649592	Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in presence of 10 ug/ml iron by standard broth microdilution method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-11, Volume: 63, Issue:11	A γ-Lactam Siderophore Antibiotic Effective against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli.
AID1361174	Antimicrobial activity against SHV-4 producing Escherichia coli ATCC BAA-200 in presence of human apo-transferrin by broth microdilution method	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155	Cefiderocol (S-649266), A new siderophore cephalosporin exhibiting potent activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative pathogens including multi-drug resistant bacteria: Structure activity relationship.
AID1774187	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli delta fepA assessed as growth inhibition by measuring minimal concentration at OD600 by visual inspection with iron-limited media incubated for 24 hrs	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20	Antibiotic Conjugates with an Artificial MECAM-Based Siderophore Are Potent Agents against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens.
AID1774181	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus DSM11822 assessed as growth inhibition by measuring minimal concentration at OD600 by visual inspection with iron-limited media incubated for 24 hrs	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20	Antibiotic Conjugates with an Artificial MECAM-Based Siderophore Are Potent Agents against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens.
AID1774197	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli delta fepD assessed as growth inhibition by measuring minimal concentration at OD600 by visual inspection with iron-limited media incubated for 24 hrs	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20	Antibiotic Conjugates with an Artificial MECAM-Based Siderophore Are Potent Agents against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens.
AID1774195	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli delta exbB assessed as growth inhibition by measuring minimal concentration at OD600 by visual inspection with iron-limited media incubated for 24 hrs	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20	Antibiotic Conjugates with an Artificial MECAM-Based Siderophore Are Potent Agents against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens.
AID1649591	Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in presence of 1 ug/ml iron by standard broth microdilution method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-11, Volume: 63, Issue:11	A γ-Lactam Siderophore Antibiotic Effective against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli.
AID1361176	Iron chelating activity in presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide at pH 5.5 by chromeazurol B dye based spectrophotometric method	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155	Cefiderocol (S-649266), A new siderophore cephalosporin exhibiting potent activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative pathogens including multi-drug resistant bacteria: Structure activity relationship.
AID1774183	Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium DSM20477 assessed as growth inhibition by measuring minimal concentration at OD600 by visual inspection with iron-limited media incubated for 24 hrs	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20	Antibiotic Conjugates with an Artificial MECAM-Based Siderophore Are Potent Agents against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens.
AID1774192	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli delta cirA delta fiu assessed as growth inhibition by measuring minimal concentration at OD600 by visual inspection with iron-limited media incubated for 24 hrs	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20	Antibiotic Conjugates with an Artificial MECAM-Based Siderophore Are Potent Agents against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens.
AID1649588	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 in presence of 10 ug/ml iron by standard broth microdilution method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-11, Volume: 63, Issue:11	A γ-Lactam Siderophore Antibiotic Effective against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli.
AID1774193	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli delta fepA delta cirA delta fiu assessed as growth inhibition by measuring minimal concentration at OD600 by visual inspection with iron-limited media incubated for 24 hrs	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20	Antibiotic Conjugates with an Artificial MECAM-Based Siderophore Are Potent Agents against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens.
AID1361169	Antimicrobial activity against IMP-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa SR27060 in presence of human apo-transferrin by broth microdilution method	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155	Cefiderocol (S-649266), A new siderophore cephalosporin exhibiting potent activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative pathogens including multi-drug resistant bacteria: Structure activity relationship.
AID1361175	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa SR27001 infected in Jcl:ICR mouse systemic infection model assessed as increase in mouse survival rate administered iv 1 to 5 hrs post infection measured over 7 days	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155	Cefiderocol (S-649266), A new siderophore cephalosporin exhibiting potent activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative pathogens including multi-drug resistant bacteria: Structure activity relationship.
AID1846921	Antibacterial activity against KPC2-producing multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12	Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID1361166	Antimicrobial activity against AmpC overproducing Pseudomonas aeruginosa SR24-12 in presence of human apo-transferrin by broth microdilution method	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155	Cefiderocol (S-649266), A new siderophore cephalosporin exhibiting potent activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative pathogens including multi-drug resistant bacteria: Structure activity relationship.
AID1774189	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli delta fiu assessed as growth inhibition by measuring minimal concentration at OD600 by visual inspection with iron-limited media incubated for 24 hrs	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20	Antibiotic Conjugates with an Artificial MECAM-Based Siderophore Are Potent Agents against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens.
AID1846925	Antibacterial activity against wild type Acinetobacter baumannii NCTC 13304 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12	Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID1361168	Antimicrobial activity against VIM-2 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa SBRKM-28 in presence of human apo-transferrin by broth microdilution method	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155	Cefiderocol (S-649266), A new siderophore cephalosporin exhibiting potent activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative pathogens including multi-drug resistant bacteria: Structure activity relationship.
AID1846926	Antibacterial activity against IMP4-producing multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12	Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID1361172	Antimicrobial activity against OXA-23/OXA-58 producing Acinetobacter baumannii SR27323 in presence of human apo-transferrin by broth microdilution method	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155	Cefiderocol (S-649266), A new siderophore cephalosporin exhibiting potent activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative pathogens including multi-drug resistant bacteria: Structure activity relationship.
AID1846918	Antibacterial activity against ESBL-producing multidrug resistant Escherichia coli assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12	Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID1649590	Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in presence of 0.1 ug/ml iron by standard broth microdilution method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-11, Volume: 63, Issue:11	A γ-Lactam Siderophore Antibiotic Effective against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli.
AID1361171	Antimicrobial activity against L-1 producing Stenotrophomonas maltophilia SR21970 in presence of human apo-transferrin by broth microdilution method	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155	Cefiderocol (S-649266), A new siderophore cephalosporin exhibiting potent activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative pathogens including multi-drug resistant bacteria: Structure activity relationship.
AID1774182	Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii DSM30007 assessed as growth inhibition by measuring minimal concentration at OD600 by visual inspection with iron-limited media incubated for 24 hrs	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20	Antibiotic Conjugates with an Artificial MECAM-Based Siderophore Are Potent Agents against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens.
AID1774191	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli delta depA delta fiu assessed as growth inhibition by measuring minimal concentration at OD600 by visual inspection with iron-limited media incubated for 24 hrs	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20	Antibiotic Conjugates with an Artificial MECAM-Based Siderophore Are Potent Agents against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens.
AID1649586	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 in presence of 0.1 ug/ml iron by standard broth microdilution method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-11, Volume: 63, Issue:11	A γ-Lactam Siderophore Antibiotic Effective against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli.
AID1649589	Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in absence of iron by standard broth microdilution method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-11, Volume: 63, Issue:11	A γ-Lactam Siderophore Antibiotic Effective against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli.
AID1846924	Antibacterial activity agains OXA23-producing multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12	Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID1649585	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 in absence of iron by standard broth microdilution method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-11, Volume: 63, Issue:11	A γ-Lactam Siderophore Antibiotic Effective against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli.
AID1361173	Antimicrobial activity against KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-1705 in presence of human apo-transferrin by broth microdilution method	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155	Cefiderocol (S-649266), A new siderophore cephalosporin exhibiting potent activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative pathogens including multi-drug resistant bacteria: Structure activity relationship.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	0 (0.00)	29.6817
2010's	38 (15.26)	24.3611
2020's	211 (84.74)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	14 (5.60%)	5.53%
Reviews	43 (17.20%)	6.00%
Case Studies	18 (7.20%)	4.05%
Observational	5 (2.00%)	0.25%
Other	170 (68.00%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
carbamates [no description available]	2.31	1	0	amino-acid anion
dan 2163 [no description available]	2.31	1	0	aromatic amide; aromatic amine; benzamides; pyrrolidines; sulfone	environmental contaminant; second generation antipsychotic; xenobiotic
aztreonam Aztreonam: A monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic originally isolated from Chromobacterium violaceum. It is resistant to beta-lactamases and is used in gram-negative infections, especially of the meninges, bladder, and kidneys. It may cause a superinfection with gram-positive organisms.. aztreonam : A synthetic monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic (monobactam), used primarily to treat infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. It inhibits mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall, thereby blocking peptidoglycan crosslinking.	10.06	5	0
deferoxamine Deferoxamine: Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.. desferrioxamine B : An acyclic desferrioxamine that is butanedioic acid in which one of the carboxy groups undergoes formal condensation with the primary amino group of N-(5-aminopentyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide and the second carboxy group undergoes formal condensation with the hydroxyamino group of N(1)-(5-aminopentyl)-N(1)-hydroxy-N(4)-[5-(hydroxyamino)pentyl]butanediamide. It is a siderophore native to Streptomyces pilosus biosynthesised by the DesABCD enzyme cluster as a high affinity Fe(III) chelator.	2.41	1	0	acyclic desferrioxamine	bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; iron chelator; siderophore
erythrosine Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.	2.13	1	0
furosemide Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.	3.56	1	1	chlorobenzoic acid; furans; sulfonamide	environmental contaminant; loop diuretic; xenobiotic
gentamicin Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.	2.41	1	0
metformin Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.	3.56	1	1	guanidines	environmental contaminant; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; xenobiotic
alanine Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.	2.31	1	0	alanine zwitterion; alanine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid	EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite
serine Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group.	3.51	1	0	L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd; see also record for tetrachlorophenol with locants for chloro groups not specified. 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol : A tetrachlorophenol in which the chlorines are located at positions 2, 3, 4, and 6.	2.31	1	0	tetrachlorophenol	xenobiotic metabolite
carbostyril Quinolones: A group of derivatives of naphthyridine carboxylic acid, quinoline carboxylic acid, or NALIDIXIC ACID.. quinolin-2(1H)-one : A quinolone that is 1,2-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 2.	3.51	1	0	monohydroxyquinoline; quinolone	bacterial xenobiotic metabolite
adenosine monophosphate Adenosine Monophosphate: Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.	2.31	1	0	adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; cofactor; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
ampicillin Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.	7.82	2	0	beta-lactam antibiotic; penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
tromethamine Tromethamine: An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424)	2.31	1	0	primary amino compound; triol	buffer
thiophenes Thiophenes: A monocyclic heteroarene furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur.. thiophenes : Compounds containing at least one thiophene ring.	2.31	1	0	mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; thiophenes; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent
thiazoles [no description available]	2.55	2	0	1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
azomycin azomycin: RN given refers to parent cpd with specified locant; structure	3.41	1	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles	antitubercular agent
acetylcysteine N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.	2.41	1	0	acetylcysteine; L-cysteine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antiinfective agent; antioxidant; antiviral drug; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; human metabolite; mucolytic; radical scavenger; vulnerary
vancomycin Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile.	3.7	1	0	glycopeptide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
silver Silver: An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA.	2.25	1	0	copper group element atom; elemental silver	Escherichia coli metabolite
amoxicillin Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group.	2.31	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
sisomicin Sisomicin: Antibiotic produced by Micromonospora inyoensis. It is closely related to gentamicin C1A, one of the components of the gentamicin complex (GENTAMICINS).	4.93	3	0	amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside antibiotic; beta-L-arabinoside; monosaccharide derivative
amikacin Amikacin: A broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from KANAMYCIN. It is reno- and oto-toxic like the other aminoglycoside antibiotics.. amikacin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group.	2.25	1	0	alpha-D-glucoside; amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside; carboxamide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; nephrotoxin
moxalactam Moxalactam: Broad- spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic similar in structure to the CEPHALOSPORINS except for the substitution of an oxaazabicyclo moiety for the thiaazabicyclo moiety of certain CEPHALOSPORINS. It has been proposed especially for the meningitides because it passes the blood-brain barrier and for anaerobic infections.. moxalactam : A broad-spectrum oxacephem antibiotic in which the oxazine ring is substituted with a tetrazolylthiomethyl group and the azetidinone ring carries methoxy and 2-carboxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido substituents.	2.6	1	0	cephalosporin; oxacephem	antibacterial drug
cephalosporin c cephalosporin C: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #1937. cephalosporin C : A cephalosporin antibiotic carrying a 3-acetoxymethyl substituent and a 6-oxo-N(6)-L-lysino group at position 7.	18.27	221	16	cephalosporin	fungal metabolite
doripenem Doripenem: A carbapenem derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of infections such as HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA, and complicated intra-abdominal or urinary-tract infections, including PYELONEPHRITIS.	2.25	1	0	carbapenems
imipenem, anhydrous Imipenem: Semisynthetic thienamycin that has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, including many multiresistant strains. It is stable to beta-lactamases. Clinical studies have demonstrated high efficacy in the treatment of infections of various body systems. Its effectiveness is enhanced when it is administered in combination with CILASTATIN, a renal dipeptidase inhibitor.. imipenem : A broad-spectrum, intravenous beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem subgroup.	5.64	10	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; carbapenems; zwitterion	antibacterial drug
tazobactam Tazobactam: A penicillanic acid and sulfone derivative and potent BETA-LACTAMASE inhibitor that enhances the activity of other anti-bacterial agents against beta-lactamase producing bacteria.. tazobactam : A member of the class of penicillanic acids that is sulbactam in which one of the exocyclic methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 1,2,3-triazol-1-yl group; used (in the form of its sodium salt) in combination with ceftolozane sulfate for treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections and complicated urinary tract infections.	5.76	8	0	penicillanic acids; triazoles	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
sulbactam [no description available]	7.6	1	0	penicillanic acids
carbapenems [no description available]	13.24	57	3
beta-lactams 2-azetidinone: structure in first source. azetidin-2-one : An unsubstituted beta-lactam compound.. beta-lactam : A lactam in which the amide bond is contained within a four-membered ring, which includes the amide nitrogen and the carbonyl carbon.	5.99	8	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; beta-lactam
levofloxacin Levofloxacin: The L-isomer of Ofloxacin.. levofloxacin : An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase.	2.63	2	0	9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
moxifloxacin Moxifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone that acts as an inhibitor of DNA TOPOISOMERASE II and is used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.. moxifloxacin : A quinolone that consists of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid bearing a cyclopropyl substituent at position 1, a fluoro substitiuent at position 6, a (4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl group at position 7 and a methoxy substituent at position 8. A member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterial agents.	3.59	1	1	aromatic ether; cyclopropanes; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; pyrrolidinopiperidine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antibacterial drug
trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole drug combination Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination: A drug combination with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is effective in the treatment of many infections, including PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS.. co-trimoxazole : A two-component mixture comprising trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole.	3.7	1	0
meropenem Meropenem: A thienamycin derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of bacterial infections, including infections in immunocompromised patients.. meropenem : A carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents respectively.	10.41	27	2	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; carbapenemcarboxylic acid; organic sulfide; pyrrolidinecarboxamide	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug; drug allergen
fosfomycin Fosfomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fradiae.. fosfomycin : A phosphonic acid having an (R,S)-1,2-epoxypropyl group attached to phosphorus.	2.6	1	0	epoxide; phosphonic acids	antimicrobial agent; EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor
flavin-adenine dinucleotide Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide: A condensation product of riboflavin and adenosine diphosphate. The coenzyme of various aerobic dehydrogenases, e.g., D-amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p972)	2.41	1	0	flavin adenine dinucleotide; vitamin B2	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; prosthetic group
nadp [no description available]	2.41	1	0
sulfur Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine.	2.41	1	0	chalcogen; nonmetal atom	macronutrient
fumarates Fumarates: Compounds based on fumaric acid.. fumarate(2-) : A C4-dicarboxylate that is the E-isomer of but-2-enedioate(2-)	2.31	1	0	butenedioate; C4-dicarboxylate	human metabolite; metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cefepime Cefepime: A fourth-generation cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of infections, including those of the abdomen, urinary tract, respiratory tract, and skin. It is effective against PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA and may also be used in the empiric treatment of FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA.. cefepime : A cephalosporin bearing (1-methylpyrrolidinium-1-yl)methyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	5.59	10	0	cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug
ceftazidime [no description available]	2.25	1	0	cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
aztreonam [no description available]	2.25	1	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; monobactam	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
avibactam avibactam : A member of the class of azabicycloalkanes that is (2S,5R)-7-oxo-1,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxamide in which the amino hydrogen at position 6 is replaced by a sulfooxy group. Used (in the form of its sodium salt) in combination with ceftazidime pentahydrate for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections including pyelonephritis.	2.25	1	0	azabicycloalkane; hydroxylamine O-sulfonic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; ureas	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
oxadiazoles Oxadiazoles: Compounds containing five-membered heteroaromatic rings containing two carbons, two nitrogens, and one oxygen atom which exist in various regioisomeric forms.	2.31	1	0
nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.	2.41	1	0	organophosphate oxoanion	cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cilastatin, imipenem drug combination Cilastatin, Imipenem Drug Combination: Combination of imipenem and cilastatin that is used in the treatment of bacterial infections; cilastatin inhibits renal dehydropeptidase I to prolong the half-life and increase the tissue penetration of imipenem, enhancing its efficacy as an anti-bacterial agent.	7.97	8	1
piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.	2.41	1	0
colistin Colistin: Cyclic polypeptide antibiotic from Bacillus colistinus. It is composed of Polymyxins E1 and E2 (or Colistins A, B, and C) which act as detergents on cell membranes. Colistin is less toxic than Polymyxin B, but otherwise similar; the methanesulfonate is used orally.. colistin : A multi-component mixture comprising mostly of colistin A (R = Me) and B (R = H), with small amounts of colistin C and other polymyxins, produced by certain strains of Bacillus polymyxa var. colistinus. An antibiotic, it is used as its sulfate salt (for oral or topical use) or as the sodium salt of the N-methylsulfonic acid derivative (the injectable form) in the treatment of severe Gram-negative infections, partiularly those due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.	5.75	11	0
ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.	2.41	1	0	ascorbic acid; vitamin C	coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
minocycline Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5.	3.76	2	0
tigecycline [no description available]	7.63	2	0
agar Agar: A complex sulfated polymer of galactose units, extracted from Gelidium cartilagineum, Gracilaria confervoides, and related red algae. It is used as a gel in the preparation of solid culture media for microorganisms, as a bulk laxative, in making emulsions, and as a supporting medium for immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis.. agar : A complex mixture of polysaccharides extracted from species of red algae. Its two main components are agarose and agaropectin. Agarose is the component responsible for the high-strength gelling properties of agar, while agaropectin provides the viscous properties.	8.01	2	0

Condition	Indicated	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Acinetobacter Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus ACINETOBACTER.	0	3.96	9	0
Infections, Klebsiella [description not available]	0	5.36	15	0
Klebsiella Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus KLEBSIELLA.	0	5.36	15	0
Bacterial Infections, Gram-Negative [description not available]	0	13.35	45	5
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections Infections caused by bacteria that show up as pink (negative) when treated by the gram-staining method.	0	13.35	45	5
2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease [description not available]	0	3.33	4	0
Infections, Pseudomonas [description not available]	0	5.98	18	0
Empyema, Thoracic [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Pseudomonas Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS.	0	5.98	18	0
Empyema, Pleural Suppurative inflammation of the pleural space.	0	2.31	1	0
E coli Infections [description not available]	0	3.3	4	0
Escherichia coli Infections Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI.	0	3.3	4	0
Critical Illness A disease or state in which death is possible or imminent.	0	7.14	15	0
Urinary Tract Infections Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.	1	12.74	20	3
Blood Poisoning [description not available]	0	6.98	6	2
Sepsis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.	1	8.98	6	2
Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.	0	3.6	2	0
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia [description not available]	0	7.28	3	2
Health Care Associated Infection [description not available]	0	4.72	1	1
Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation that is acquired through an interaction within a healthcare institution often through a therapeutic experience (e.g., use of catheters or ventilators).	0	7.28	3	2
Cross Infection Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-care institution.	0	4.72	1	1
Osteomyelitis INFLAMMATION of the bone as a result of infection. It may be caused by a variety of infectious agents, especially pyogenic (PUS - producing) BACTERIA.	0	7.98	3	0
Cerebral Ventriculitis Inflammation of CEREBRAL VENTRICLES.	0	2.41	1	0
Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia [description not available]	0	9.07	3	0
Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated Serious INFLAMMATION of the LUNG in patients who required the use of PULMONARY VENTILATOR. It is usually caused by bacterial CROSS INFECTION in hospitals.	0	4.07	3	0
Bacteremia The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the blood. Fever, chills, tachycardia, and tachypnea are common acute manifestations of bacteremia. The majority of cases are seen in already hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying diseases or procedures which render their bloodstreams susceptible to invasion.	0	6.24	9	1
Pachymeningitis [description not available]	0	2.41	1	0
Meningitis Inflammation of the coverings of the brain and/or spinal cord, which consist of the PIA MATER; ARACHNOID; and DURA MATER. Infections (viral, bacterial, and fungal) are the most common causes of this condition, but subarachnoid hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGES, SUBARACHNOID), chemical irritation (chemical MENINGITIS), granulomatous conditions, neoplastic conditions (CARCINOMATOUS MENINGITIS), and other inflammatory conditions may produce this syndrome. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994, Ch24, p6)	0	7.41	1	0
Hematologic Malignancies [description not available]	0	2.41	1	0
Experimental Lung Inflammation Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma.	0	3.4	5	0
Pneumonia Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation.	1	5.4	5	0
Hematologic Neoplasms Neoplasms located in the blood and blood-forming tissue (the bone marrow and lymphatic tissue). The commonest forms are the various types of LEUKEMIA, of LYMPHOMA, and of the progressive, life-threatening forms of the MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES.	0	2.41	1	0
Cystic Fibrosis of Pancreas [description not available]	0	4.43	13	0
Cystic Fibrosis An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.	0	4.43	13	0
Bacterial Pneumonia [description not available]	0	7.28	3	2
Pneumonia, Bacterial Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by bacterial infections.	1	9.28	3	2
Infectious Diseases [description not available]	0	7.82	2	0
Local Neoplasm Recurrence [description not available]	0	2.6	1	0
Communicable Diseases An illness caused by an infectious agent or its toxins that occurs through the direct or indirect transmission of the infectious agent or its products from an infected individual or via an animal, vector or the inanimate environment to a susceptible animal or human host.	0	2.82	2	0
Neutropenia A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood.	0	2.6	1	0
Infective Endocarditis [description not available]	0	7.6	1	0
Endocarditis Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (ENDOCARDIUM), the continuous membrane lining the four chambers and HEART VALVES. It is often caused by microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and rickettsiae. Left untreated, endocarditis can damage heart valves and become life-threatening.	0	7.6	1	0
Cronobacter Infections [description not available]	0	2.6	1	0
Enterobacteriaceae Infections Infections with bacteria of the family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE.	0	2.6	1	0
Intra-Abdominal Infections [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Intraabdominal Infections Infection within the PERITONEAL CAVITY. A frequent cause is an ANASTOMOTIC LEAK following surgery.	0	2.21	1	0
Bacterial Disease [description not available]	0	4.11	4	0
Bacterial Infections Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.	1	6.11	4	0
Infection, Postoperative Wound [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	0	2.25	1	0
Necrotizing Pyelonephritis [description not available]	0	4	2	1
Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and occasionally DIARRHEA.	0	9	2	1
Acute Edematous Pancreatitis [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Abscess Accumulation of purulent material in tissues, organs, or circumscribed spaces, usually associated with signs of infection.	0	7.31	1	0
Pancreatitis INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone pancreatitis.	0	2.31	1	0
African Lymphoma [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Burkitt Lymphoma A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.	0	7.31	1	0
Clostridioides difficile Infection [description not available]	0	3.23	1	0
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infection [description not available]	0	3.23	1	0
Clostridium Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus CLOSTRIDIUM and closely related CLOSTRIDIOIDES species.	0	3.23	1	0
Gonorrhea Acute infectious disease characterized by primary invasion of the urogenital tract. The etiologic agent, NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE, was isolated by Neisser in 1879.	0	3.23	1	0
Interstitial Nephritis [description not available]	0	7.31	1	0
Nephritis, Interstitial Inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidney. This term is generally used for primary inflammation of KIDNEY TUBULES and/or surrounding interstitium. For primary inflammation of glomerular interstitium, see GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. Infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the interstitial compartment results in EDEMA, increased spaces between the tubules, and tubular renal dysfunction.	0	2.31	1	0
Co-infection [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Blast Injuries Injuries resulting when a person is struck by particles impelled with violent force from an explosion. Blast causes pulmonary concussion and hemorrhage, laceration of other thoracic and abdominal viscera, ruptured ear drums, and minor effects in the central nervous system. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.31	1	0
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	0	2.57	2	0
Infections, Respiratory [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Respiratory Tract Infections Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases.	0	2.15	1	0
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	0	3.56	1	1
Chronic Kidney Diseases [description not available]	0	3.56	1	1
Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course.	0	3.56	1	1
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE). (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002)	0	3.56	1	1
Bacterial Endocarditides [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Endocarditis, Bacterial Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or intravenous drug use.	0	2.21	1	0
Adverse Drug Event [description not available]	0	4.48	1	1
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals.	0	4.48	1	1
Grippe [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Influenza, Human An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia.	0	2.21	1	0
Kidney Failure A severe irreversible decline in the ability of kidneys to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism.	0	3.53	1	1
Chronic Kidney Failure [description not available]	0	3.53	1	1
Kidney Failure, Chronic The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.	0	3.53	1	1
Renal Insufficiency Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.	0	3.53	1	1

cefiderocol

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (36)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Treatment

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Dosage Studied

Roles (2)

Drug Classes (2)

Bioassays (46)

Research

Studies (249)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 73.87

Study Types

cefiderocol

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (36)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Treatment

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Dosage Studied

Roles (2)

Drug Classes (2)

Bioassays (46)

Research

Studies (249)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 73.87

Study Types

Related Drugs (54)

Related Conditions (83)