Page last updated: 2024-09-28

Glanders

A contagious disease of horses that can be transmitted to humans. It is caused by BURKHOLDERIA MALLEI and characterized by ulceration of the respiratory mucosa and an eruption of nodules on the skin.

Synonyms(1)

Synonym
Glanders

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"Melioidosis and glanders are caused by the closely related species Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei, respectively."( Bell, DL; Eley, SM; Ellis, J; Green, M; Kenny, DJ; Russell, P; Titball, RW, 2000)
"Glanders is a zoonotic infection inducing acute forms of the disease (pneumonia, sepsis) in humans and animals under certain conditions, which even with the use of modern chemotherapy have unfavourable prognosis."( Iliukhin, VI; Korol', EV; Kulikova, AS; Nekhezina, MO; Plekhanova, NG; Rotov, KA; Senina, TV; Shubnikova, EV; Snatenkov, EA; Tikhonov, SN, 2012)
"Equine glanders is an infectious and notifiable bacterial disease caused by Burkholderia mallei."( Agarwal, SK; Arora, R; Baalasundaram, SK; Bhatt, L; Dubey, P; Gulati, BR; Gupta, S; Kanani, A; Kanwar, P; Khasa, V; Khurana, SK; Limaye, V; Malik, P; Mandal, BN; Mital, A; Parnam, S; Saini, S; Sangha, S; Shah, N; Shanmugasundaram, K; Sharma, H; Singha, H; Tapase, J; Tripathi, BN; Virmani, N, 2020)
"Glanders is a highly contagious and fatal infection of equids caused by the bacteria known as Burkholderia mallei."( Saini, S; Shanmugasundaram, K; Singha, H; Tripathi, BN, 2021)

Research

Studies (38)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-199013 (34.21)23.3326
1990's4 (10.53)12.5806
2000's4 (10.53)18.1394
2010's12 (31.58)28.8240
2020's5 (13.16)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
glycerol0low10
toluene0low10
chloroquine0low10
ciprofloxacin0low40
gentamicin0low10
nalidixic acid0low10
norfloxacin0low10
ofloxacin0low20
sulfadiazine0low20
sulfanilamide0low20
chloramphenicol0low10
kanamycin a0low10
streptomycin0low40
gold0low20
imipenem, anhydrous0low10
cyclopropanol0low10
beta-lactams0low10
levofloxacin0low10
moxifloxacin0low10
trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole drug combination0low50
meropenem0low20
zithromax0low10
amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate combination0low10
glycolipids0low10
heme0low10
ascorbic acid0low10
novobiocin0low10
tetracycline0low10
minocycline0low10
methacycline0low10
agar0low10
lactoferrin0low10

Protein Targets (477)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
Chain A, Hyaluronidase, phage associated0101
acetylcholinesterase2002
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma2002
GLI family zinc finger 36006
AR protein7007
thioredoxin glutathione reductase1001
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 44004
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]4004
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 16006
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha7007
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha100010
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor3003
IDH12002
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2100010
chromobox protein homolog 15005
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 22002
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 25005
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 16006
lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 isoform I1001
geminin6006
lethal factor (plasmid)5005
lamin isoform A-delta108008
Polyphenol oxidase 20101
Pancreatic alpha-amylase0202
Albumin0101
Urease0101
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-10001
Tyrosinase0101
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0112
Spike glycoprotein5117
Hyaluronate lyase0101
Prolyl hydroxylase EGLN20001
Egl nine homolog 10001
Prolyl hydroxylase EGLN30001
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha inhibitor0001
Solute carrier family 23 member 10101
interleukin 84004
TDP1 protein110011
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A17007
EWS/FLI fusion protein9009
farnesoid X nuclear receptor1001
pregnane X nuclear receptor4004
G2002
cytochrome P450 2D61001
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma2002
aryl hydrocarbon receptor2002
activating transcription factor 63003
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a1001
heat shock protein beta-11001
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)1001
streptokinase A precursor0055
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase0002
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3014014
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4014014
Bile salt export pump018018
Interferon beta4004
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 2002
30S ribosomal protein S60303
30S ribosomal protein S70303
50S ribosomal protein L150303
Cellular tumor antigen p534004
Cytochrome P450 3A40505
50S ribosomal protein L100303
50S ribosomal protein L110303
50S ribosomal protein L7/L120303
50S ribosomal protein L190303
50S ribosomal protein L10303
50S ribosomal protein L200303
50S ribosomal protein L270303
50S ribosomal protein L280303
50S ribosomal protein L290303
50S ribosomal protein L310303
50S ribosomal protein L31 type B0303
50S ribosomal protein L320303
50S ribosomal protein L330303
50S ribosomal protein L340303
50S ribosomal protein L350303
50S ribosomal protein L360303
30S ribosomal protein S100303
30S ribosomal protein S110303
30S ribosomal protein S120303
30S ribosomal protein S130303
30S ribosomal protein S160303
30S ribosomal protein S180303
30S ribosomal protein S190303
30S ribosomal protein S200303
30S ribosomal protein S20303
30S ribosomal protein S30303
30S ribosomal protein S40303
30S ribosomal protein S50303
30S ribosomal protein S80303
30S ribosomal protein S90303
50S ribosomal protein L130303
50S ribosomal protein L140303
50S ribosomal protein L160303
50S ribosomal protein L230303
30S ribosomal protein S150303
50S ribosomal protein L170303
50S ribosomal protein L210303
50S ribosomal protein L300303
50S ribosomal protein L60303
30S ribosomal protein S140303
30S ribosomal protein S170303
30S ribosomal protein S10303
50S ribosomal protein L180303
50S ribosomal protein L20303
50S ribosomal protein L30303
50S ribosomal protein L240303
50S ribosomal protein L40303
50S ribosomal protein L220303
50S ribosomal protein L50303
30S ribosomal protein S210303
50S ribosomal protein L250303
50S ribosomal protein L36 20303
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 12002
Methionine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial0011
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial2002
thioredoxin reductase3003
PPM1D protein2002
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-6-phosphogluconolactonase0101
Spike glycoprotein0112
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0213
glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase isoform b0101
flap endonuclease 12002
Transmembrane protease serine 20112
Dihydrofolate reductase 0202
DNA ligase0101
Riboflavin-binding protein0011
Major prion protein0011
Amyloid-beta precursor protein0101
Histidine-rich protein PFHRP-II0102
Procathepsin L0112
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50101
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0101
Replicase polyprotein 1a0112
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0112
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0213
Spike glycoprotein0101
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0213
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10101
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]0101
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0101
DNA ligase 10101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30101
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR0101
Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 20011
Beta-secretase 10101
Calcium-dependent protein kinase 10011
MO15-related protein kinase Pfmrk 0101
DNA ligase A0101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2011014
Sigma intracellular receptor 20101
Phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase0101
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1013013
Ataxin-21001
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10101
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 0112
Cysteine proteinase falcipain 2a 0101
Cysteine proteinase falcipain 2a 0101
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE4004
Chain A, HADH2 protein4004
Chain B, HADH2 protein4004
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase4004
Chain A, Cruzipain1001
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor1001
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 13003
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi2305
Cytochrome P450 1A20101
DNA gyrase subunit B0202
DNA gyrase subunit A0202
DNA gyrase subunit B0507
DNA gyrase subunit A08013
DNA gyrase subunit B08113
DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A0202
DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit B0203
DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A0506
Cytochrome P450 2D60101
DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha0207
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0404
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-12305
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta2305
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-22305
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-52305
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-32305
DNA gyrase subunit A0507
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-12305
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-22305
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-42305
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-32305
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-62305
Cytochrome P450 2C190101
Multidrug resistance protein MdtK0022
Histamine H2 receptor1001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-12305
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-32305
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-22305
DNA gyrase subunit B0507
DNA gyrase subunit A0608
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH]0002
DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A0202
DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit B0202
Integrase 0202
GABA theta subunit2305
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon2305
Chain B, EUKARYOTIC TRANSLATION INITIATION FACTOR 4E0011
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha5005
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta4004
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a2002
Beta-lactamase 0101
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0002
Beta-lactamase 0001
GLS protein2002
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0002
arylsulfatase A2002
Metallo-beta-lactamase type 20013
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-11 0002
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-20002
Beta-lactamase 0101
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-19 0002
Beta-lactamase 0002
Metallo-beta-lactamase0002
Beta-lactamase 0001
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d1001
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 11001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase0002
Beta-lactamase SHV-10002
Beta-lactamase0002
Metallo-beta-lactamase type 20001
Kappa-type opioid receptor0001
Beta-lactamase TEM0002
B2 metallo-beta-lactamase 0002
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-130002
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-20002
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0002
Beta-lactamase 0002
Metallo-beta-lactamase0002
Beta-lactamase 0002
Beta-lactamase 0002
Beta-lactamase 0013
Beta-lactamase 0001
Metallo-b-lactamase 0002
Beta-lactamase IMP-1 0002
BlaVIM-1 0002
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0002
Carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC0002
Histamine H3 receptor0002
Beta-lactamase class B VIM-2 0013
Beta-lactamase 0002
Beta-lactamase VIM-1 0002
3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase 30101
Gap junction alpha-1 protein0101
Gap junction beta-2 protein0101
Acyl-protein thioesterase 10101
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A1001
CAAX prenyl protease 2 isoform 20001
DNA polymerase beta2002
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 14004
Bile salt export pump0202
Tubulin beta-4A chain0101
Tubulin beta chain0101
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10001
Tubulin alpha-3C chain0101
Tubulin alpha-1B chain0101
Tubulin alpha-4A chain0101
Tubulin beta-4B chain0101
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 10202
DNA primase0101
Tubulin beta-3 chain0101
Tubulin beta-2A chain0101
Tubulin beta-8 chain0101
Tubulin alpha-3E chain0101
Tubulin alpha-1A chain0101
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 10101
Tubulin alpha-1C chain0101
Tubulin beta-6 chain0101
Tubulin beta-2B chain0101
Tubulin beta-1 chain0101
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 33003
Multidrug transporter MdfA0303
NAD-dependent protein deacylase sirtuin-5, mitochondrial0101
Albumin0033
Stromelysin-10202
Matrilysin0101
Matrix metalloproteinase-90101
Cytochrome P450 2J20303
Protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP150101
Protein-arginine deiminase type-40707
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F0202
DNA gyrase subunit B0202
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 10101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 10101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D 0202
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S0202
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0303
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha0101
SMAD family member 21001
SMAD family member 31001
nonstructural protein 11001
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B1001
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a2002
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor2002
Caspase-71001
caspase-31001
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 11001
snurportin-11001
GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran isoform 11001
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 11001
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 11001
Pyruvate kinase PKM0101
USP1 protein, partial1001
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor6006
huntingtin isoform 21001
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A1001
Chain A, Gyrase0011
Genome polyprotein 0112
DNA gyrase subunit B0101
interferon gamma precursor0001
Heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha0022
Heat shock protein HSP 90-beta0124
DNA gyrase subunit B0101
Cell division inhibitor SulA0001
Heat shock protein HSP 900101
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 0101
DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit B0101
DNA topoisomerase 0101
Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B0213
Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A0213
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG20101
Chain A, Ferritin light chain1001
STE240001
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor1001
CAAX prenyl protease0001
Trypsin0001
mitogen-activated protein kinase 11001
Angiotensin-converting enzyme0202
Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 3 0202
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA1001
glp-1 receptor, partial2002
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 31001
peripheral myelin protein 222002
Aurora kinase A0101
Carbonic anhydrase 10304
Carbonic anhydrase 20315
Carbonic anhydrase 60303
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor2002
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE1001
Carbonic anhydrase 0001
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase0101
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a1001
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 120101
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit1001
Carbonic anhydrase 20112
Cholinesterase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 30101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0202
Glutamate receptor 21001
Acetylcholinesterase0202
Carbonic anhydrase 40101
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0202
Delta-type opioid receptor0101
Delta-type opioid receptor0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0203
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 70101
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 171001
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0202
Beta-carbonic anhydrase 10101
Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Carbonic anhydrase 90202
Carbonic anhydrase, alpha family 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Delta carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 130101
Carbonic anhydrase 40101
Carbonic anhydrase 150101
Carbonic anhydrase 130101
Protein argonaute-20011
Carbonic anhydrase 140101
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial0102
90-kda heat shock protein beta HSP90 beta, partial0101
Histone H2A.x1001
estrogen receptor beta isoform 10101
heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha isoform 20101
tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 7 isoform 20101
Tetracycline resistance protein, class B0001
72 kDa type IV collagenase0101
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0101
Neutrophil collagenase0101
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-synuclein0101
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0101
Collagenase 30101
Cannabinoid receptor 10101
Solute carrier family 22 member 80001
P2Y purinoceptor 120101
Solute carrier family 22 member 110001
Solute carrier family 22 member 70001
polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX121001
Endolysin0011
Chain A, Dihydrofolate Reductase0011
Chain A, Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Chain A, dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)0101
Chain A, Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Chain A, Dihydrofolate reductase0101
endonuclease IV1001
dopamine D1 receptor1001
ATAD5 protein, partial1001
NFKB1 protein, partial1001
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)1001
progesterone receptor1001
67.9K protein1001
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 11001
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 12002
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M11001
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 0101
Dihydrofolate reductase 0102
Dihydrofolate reductase0202
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0202
Dihydrofolate reductase0202
Dihydrofolate reductase type 10102
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Thymidylate synthase0101
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase0202
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
NH(3)-dependent NAD(+) synthetase0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0202
Thymidylate synthase0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0202
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase0202
Dihydrofolate reductase type 1 from Tn40030101
Dipeptidyl peptidase 40101
Dihydrofolate reductase0203
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Dipeptidyl peptidase 40101
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 50101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70101
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase0102
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase0101
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Trace amine-associated receptor 50011
Dihydrofolate reductase 0202
Dihydrofolate reductase 0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0102
Dihydrofolate reductase 0101
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 21001
twin arginine protein translocation system - TatA protein0001
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma1001
TAR DNA-binding protein 431001
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]