cell fate determination

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The cellular developmental process involved in cell fate commitment that occurs after cell fate specification, in which a cell is irreversibly committed to a cellular developmental fate which is heritable on cell division. [ISBN:0878932437]

Cell fate determination is a fundamental biological process that dictates the developmental trajectory of a cell, guiding it towards becoming a specific cell type with defined characteristics and functions. This process is tightly regulated by intricate molecular mechanisms involving a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors.

During embryonic development, undifferentiated cells, known as stem cells, possess the potential to give rise to a wide array of specialized cell types. Cell fate determination involves the progressive restriction of this developmental potential, leading to the commitment of cells to specific lineages.

The process begins with a series of molecular decisions driven by signaling pathways, transcription factors, and epigenetic modifications. These factors regulate the expression of genes that control cell identity and function.

**Signal transduction pathways** play a crucial role in receiving and interpreting external cues that influence cell fate. For instance, growth factors and morphogens, secreted molecules that diffuse through tissues, can activate signaling cascades that activate specific transcription factors.

**Transcription factors** are proteins that bind to regulatory regions of genes, either activating or repressing their transcription. By regulating gene expression, transcription factors influence the production of proteins that determine cell identity and function.

**Epigenetic modifications**, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, contribute to the establishment and maintenance of cell fate by altering chromatin structure and gene accessibility.

**Cell-cell interactions** also play a vital role in cell fate determination. Physical contact between cells can trigger signaling pathways that influence the fate of neighboring cells.

As cells progress through developmental stages, they acquire specific characteristics, such as morphology, protein expression, and functional properties. This specialization is driven by the coordinated expression of genes that define the cell's identity.

Cell fate determination is a highly dynamic process that can be influenced by various factors, including genetics, environmental cues, and cell-cell interactions. This complex interplay of molecular mechanisms ensures that cells develop into specific cell types, contributing to the formation of tissues and organs with diverse functions.'
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (40)