pyridoxal profile

Pyridoxal is an aldehyde form of vitamin B6. It is a crucial cofactor for over 140 enzymatic reactions in the human body, primarily involved in amino acid metabolism. Pyridoxal is synthesized from glucose through a series of enzymatic steps. It is essential for various biological processes, including:
- **Neurotransmitter synthesis:** Pyridoxal is involved in the synthesis of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, and GABA, which play crucial roles in brain function and mood regulation.
- **Glycogen metabolism:** It participates in the breakdown of glycogen, the stored form of glucose, providing energy for the body.
- **Hemoglobin synthesis:** Pyridoxal is required for the synthesis of heme, a component of hemoglobin, which transports oxygen in the blood.
- **Immune function:** It contributes to the proper functioning of the immune system by supporting the production of antibodies.
- **DNA and RNA synthesis:** Pyridoxal plays a role in the synthesis of DNA and RNA, essential for cell growth and replication.
Pyridoxal deficiency can lead to various health issues, including anemia, seizures, and neurological disorders. It is studied extensively to understand its role in different metabolic pathways and its potential applications in treating diseases. Research focuses on its involvement in neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, as well as its potential to prevent and manage cardiovascular diseases.'

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	1050
CHEMBL ID	102970
CHEBI ID	17310
SCHEMBL ID	29906
MeSH ID	M0018240

Synonym
nsc 19613
einecs 200-630-8
brn 0383768
3-hydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methyl-4-pyridincarbaldehyd
3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridine-4-carbaldehyde
CHEBI:17310 ,
aids006783
aids-006783
pyridoxaldehyde
nsc19613
4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-
3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-pyridine-4-carbaldehyde
OPREA1_534980 ,
PYRIDOXAL ,
C00250
66-72-8
3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde
3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridine-4-carboxaldehyde
DB00147
NCGC00142580-04
piridoxal
2-methyl-3-hydroxy-4-formyl-5-hydroxymethylpyridine
NCGC00142580-03
3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde
NCGC00142580-01
NCHEMBIO.93-COMP2 ,
849ADF16-456D-4BAB-A7EA-93A4C9D428AF
BMSE000110
4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl- (9ci)
CHEMBL102970
AKOS000634540
STL137770
BBL004877
5-21-13-00044 (beilstein handbook reference)
3thm379k8a ,
unii-3thm379k8a
tox21_111561
cas-66-72-8
dtxsid4046020 ,
dtxcid2026020
bdbm50366979
MLS003876810
smr002533344
6-methyl-1,3-dihydro-furo[3,4-c]pyridine-1,7-diol
pyridoxal [mi]
1,3-dihydro-6-methylfuro[3,4-c]pyridine-1,7-diol
pyridoxal [who-dd]
SCHEMBL29906
tox21_111561_1
NCGC00142580-05
3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde #
EX-A576
pyridocalx
GS-3388
Q3065731
Z56922082
D82489
EN300-24934
AS-83252
CS-0028583

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Pyridoxal is a poor coenzyme, but readily released from the enzyme."	( A simple method for determination of stereospecificity of aminotransferases for C-4' hydrogen transfer of the coenzyme. Esaki, N; Ito, J; Nishimura, K; Soda, K; Yoshimura, T, 1994)	1.01
"Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate is a competitive inhibitor of DNA substrate but not of ATP."	( Inhibition of the recBC enzyme of Escherichia coli by specific binding of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate to DNA binding site. Anai, M; Fujiyoshi, T; Nakayama, J; Takagi, Y, 1979)	1.21

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Pyridoxal has a role in immunological competence, and it is possible that the increased incidence of urinary tract infection in patients with diabetes reflects impaired immunological competence due to pyridoxal deficiency."	( The association of bacteriuria and reduced serum pyridoxal concentrations in patients with diabetes mellitus. Davis, RE; Goodwin, CS; McCann, VJ; Ormonde, NW, 1981)	1.24
"Pyridoxal has a role in immunological competence, and it is possible that the increased incidence of urinary tract infection in patients with diabetes reflects impaired immunological competence due to pyridoxal deficiency."	( The association of bacteriuria and reduced serum pyridoxal concentrations in patients with diabetes mellitus. Davis, RE; Goodwin, CS; McCann, VJ; Ormonde, NW, 1981)	1.24
"Pyridoxal kinase has been purified 2000-fold from pig brain. "	( Brain pyridoxal kinase. Mobility of the substrate pyridoxal and binding of inhibitors to the nucleotide site. Churchich, JE; Kwok, F, 1979)	2.18

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Pyridoxal levels were lower in schizophrenia and increased according to the clinical course of the illness."	( Significance of measurements of peripheral carbonyl stress markers in a cross-sectional and longitudinal study in patients with acute-stage schizophrenia. Arai, H; Hanzawa, R; Higa, M; Higashiyama, R; Hotta, Y; Katsuta, N; Maeshima, H; Nakamura, T; Nishimon, S; Ohnuma, T; Sannohe, T; Shibata, N; Takebayashi, Y; Takeda, M, 2014)	1.12

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Pretreatment with pyridoxal hydrochloride resulted in significantly higher corneal stiffening after CXL. "	( The role of nonenzymatic glycation and carbonyls in collagen cross-linking for the treatment of keratoconus. Brummer, G; Conrad, GW; Littlechild, S; McCall, S; Zhang, Y, 2011)	0.7

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The LD50 values of PIH in both species were 5 and 1 g/kg given orally and intraperitoneally, respectively."	( Toxicological study of pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone: acute and subchronic toxicity. Nakornchai, S; Sookvanichsilp, N; Weerapradist, W, 1991)	0.59
" The LD50 (lethal dose for 50% survival of group) of pyridoxalated polyethylene glycol (PEG) hemoglobin was greater than 200 ml/kg."	( Efficacy and safety of hemoglobin-polyethylene glycol conjugate (pyridoxalated polyethylene glycol hemoglobin) as an oxygen-carrying resuscitation fluid. Ikeda, K; Iwasaki, K; Iwashita, Y; Uematsu, T, 1986)	0.76
" These findings suggest that UVA-induced vitamin B6 cytotoxicity is caused by toxic photoproducts resulting from irradiated vitamin B6."	( Vitamin B6 phototoxicity induced by UVA radiation. Kosaka, H; Maeda, T; Minami, H; Sato, K; Shiga, T; Taguchi, H; Yoshikawa, K, 2000)	0.31
" K562 cells loaded with eicosapentaenoic acid, a fatty acid particularly susceptible to oxidation, were also more sensitive to the toxic effects of the Fe complexes, and toxicity was proportional to lipid peroxidation."	( The role of oxidative stress in the toxicity of pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone (PIH) analogues. Buss, JL; Neuzil, J; Ponka, P, 2002)	0.57
" In contrast, PIH was inactive, while SIH was equally toxic toward control and EPA-loaded cells, without causing lipid peroxidation, indicating a much smaller contribution of oxidative stress to the mechanism of toxicity of these analogs."	( Oxidative stress mediates toxicity of pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone analogs. Buss, JL; Neuzil, J; Ponka, P, 2004)	0.59
"Iron (Fe) chelation therapy was initially designed to alleviate the toxic effects of excess Fe evident in Fe-overload diseases."	( Future of toxicology--iron chelators and differing modes of action and toxicity: the changing face of iron chelation therapy. Kalinowski, DS; Richardson, DR, 2007)	0.34
" No serious adverse effects occurred."	( Efficacy and safety of pyridoxal in West syndrome: A retrospective study. Daida, A; Hamano, SI; Hirata, Y; Ikemoto, S; Koichihara, R; Kubota, J; Matsuura, R, 2019)	0.82

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Plasma clearance and volume of distribution of PLP decreased significantly after supplementation, but half-life t 1/2 did not change."	( Relationship between body store of vitamin B6 and plasma pyridoxal-P clearance: metabolic balance studies in humans. Aronoff, GR; Li, TK; Lui, A; Lumeng, L, 1985)	0.51
" This method was successfully applied to the analysis of the samples obtained from a pilot pharmacokinetic experiment, in which the chelator was administered intravenously to rabbits."	( HPLC determination of a novel aroylhydrazone iron chelator (o-108) in rabbit plasma and its application to a pilot pharmacokinetic study. Gersl, V; Klimes, J; Kovaríková, P; Ponka, P; Popelová, O; Sterba, M, 2006)	0.33
"The pharmacokinetic profile of Diclectin well explains its documented delayed efficacy."	( Pharmacokinetic comparison of a delayed-release combination of doxylamine succinate and pyridoxine hydrocholoride (Diclectin) and oral solutions of these drugs in healthy women of childbearing age. Koren, G; Nulman, I, 2009)	0.35

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Intraluminal perfusion of human jejunum has not been previously reported to demonstrate differences in bioavailability of vitamins from a food product."	( Comparative human intestinal bioavailability of vitamin B-6 from a synthetic and a natural source. Cerda, JJ; Lane, H; Nelson, EW, 1976)	0.26
"An HPLC method for determining total pyridoxal from plasma was developed for a relative bioavailability comparison of two oral vitamin B6 (pyridoxine HCl) preparations."	( Determination of total pyridoxal in human plasma following oral administration of vitamin B6 by high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column derivatization. Mascher, H, 1993)	0.87
"Diclectin exhibited similar oral bioavailability to those of the oral solutions."	( Pharmacokinetic comparison of a delayed-release combination of doxylamine succinate and pyridoxine hydrocholoride (Diclectin) and oral solutions of these drugs in healthy women of childbearing age. Koren, G; Nulman, I, 2009)	0.35
" Collectively, these findings examining the mechanism of Dp44mT uptake and its distribution and excretion have clinical implications for its bioavailability and uptake in vivo."	( Cellular uptake of the antitumor agent Dp44mT occurs via a carrier/receptor-mediated mechanism. Kalinowski, DS; Menezes, SV; Merlot, AM; Pantarat, N; Richardson, DR; Sahni, S, 2013)	0.39
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."	( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)	0.51

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" brevis responded equally to all three free forms of vitamin B-6 at a dosage range of 2--10 ng molar equivalent of pyridoxine."	( Growth response of the yeasts Saccharomyces uvarum and Kloeckera brevis to the free biologically active forms of vitamin B-6. Guilarte, TR; McIntyre, PA; Tsan, MF, 1980)	0.26
" A dose-response assay indicated that purified axolotl Tf stimulates growth of cultured blastemal cells at concentrations as low as 100 ng/mL."	( Transferrin is necessary and sufficient for the neural effect on growth in amphibian limb regeneration blastemas. Connell, E; Hsu, C; Mescher, AL; Overton, B; Patel, C, 1997)	0.3
"Micro-thermal analysis (microTA) by scanning thermal microscopy is being used increasingly for the analysis of pharmaceutical dosage forms."	( Differential scanning calorimetry and scanning thermal microscopy analysis of pharmaceutical materials. Allen, S; Bond, L; Davies, MC; Roberts, CJ; Shivji, AP; Tendler, SJ; Williams, PM; Zhang, J, 2002)	0.31
" We have generated a temperature-sensitive but stable version of the Gcs1 protein that is impaired only for trans-Golgi transport and find that deleterious effects of this enfeebled Gcs1-4 mutant protein are relieved by increased gene dosage of the gcs1-4 mutant gene itself or by the SFH2 gene (also called CSR1), encoding a phosphatidylinositol transfer protein (PITP)."	( Membrane metabolism mediated by Sec14 family members influences Arf GTPase activating protein activity for transport from the trans-Golgi. Fairn, GD; Johnston, GC; McMaster, CR; Poon, PP; Shmulevitz, M; Singer, RA; Wong, TA, 2005)	0.33
" The dose-response relation between CRP and B-6 vitamers at day 28 was nonlinear, with an increased steepness of slope at CRP >7 mg/L."	( Association of plasma B-6 vitamers with systemic markers of inflammation before and after pyridoxine treatment in patients with stable angina pectoris. Midttun, Ø; Nygård, O; Pedersen, ER; Ueland, PM; Ulvik, A, 2012)	0.38
" Study participants with elevated PAr experienced a higher risk of incident stroke in an essentially linear dose-response fashion."	( The PAr index, an indicator reflecting altered vitamin B-6 homeostasis, is associated with long-term risk of stroke in the general population: the Hordaland Health Study (HUSK). Meyer, K; Midttun, Ø; Nygård, O; Tell, GS; Ueland, PM; Ulvik, A; Vollset, SE; Zuo, H, 2018)	0.48
" Notably, there is a lack of studies on the general population and studies of the dose-response relationship."	( Association of Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate with Sleep-Related Problems in a General Population. Ge, L; Kang, X; Luo, J; Zhang, D; Zhang, L, 2022)	1.07

Role	Description
cofactor	An organic molecule or ion (usually a metal ion) that is required by an enzyme for its activity. It may be attached either loosely (coenzyme) or tightly (prosthetic group).
human metabolite	Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in humans (Homo sapiens).
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite	Any fungal metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).
Escherichia coli metabolite	Any bacterial metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Escherichia coli.
mouse metabolite	Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in a mouse (Mus musculus).
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
vitamin B6	Any member of the group of pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B6 deficiency. Vitamin B6 deficiency is associated with microcytic anemia, electroencephalographic abnormalities, dermatitis with cheilosis (scaling on the lips and cracks at the corners of the mouth) and glossitis (swollen tongue), depression and confusion, and weakened immune function. Vitamin B6 consists of the vitamers pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine and their respective 5'-phosphate esters (and includes their corresponding ionized and salt forms).
pyridinecarbaldehyde
methylpyridines	Any member of the class of pyridines that carries at least one methyl substituent.
monohydroxypyridine	A hydroxypyridine carrying a single hydroxy substituent.
hydroxymethylpyridine	Any member of the class of pyridines carrying a hydroxymethyl substituent at unspecified position.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathway	Proteins	Compounds
Metabolism	1496	1108
Metabolism of vitamins and cofactors	146	155
Metabolism of water-soluble vitamins and cofactors	102	114
Vitamin B6 activation to pyridoxal phosphate	3	18
Vitamin B6 Metabolism	5	15
Hypophosphatasia	5	15
Vitamin B6	2	28
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate salvage II (plants)	3	19
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate salvage I	1	14
Vitamin B6 metabolism ( Vitamin B6 metabolism )	4	17
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate salvage	2	13
superpathway of b heme biosynthesis from glycine	10	46
vitamin B6 degradation	10	29
4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine biosynthesis (yeast)	7	29
superpathway of bacteriochlorophyll a biosynthesis	22	70
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate salvage I	5	19
superpathway of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate biosynthesis and salvage	9	37
tetrapyrrole biosynthesis II (from glycine)	7	30
superpathway of thiamin diphosphate biosynthesis III (eukaryotes)	25	41
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate salvage pathway	4	14
4-amino-2-methyl-5-phosphomethylpyrimidine biosynthesis	12	29
pyridoxamine anabolism	0	8
Superpathway of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate biosynthesis and salvage	0	14
Vitamin B6-dependent and responsive disorders	2	19
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate salvage pathway	1	12
Pyridoxamine anabolism	1	7

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	89.1251	0.0032	45.4673	12,589.2998	AID2517
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	31.6228	0.1778	14.3909	39.8107	AID2147
phosphopantetheinyl transferase	Bacillus subtilis	Potency	79.4328	0.1413	37.9142	100.0000	AID1490
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	31.6228	0.0112	12.4002	100.0000	AID1030
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	15.4871	0.0123	7.9835	43.2770	AID1645841
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	19.9526	0.0355	20.9770	89.1251	AID504332
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	14.1254	0.0018	15.6638	39.8107	AID894
heat shock protein beta-1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	14.9589	0.0420	27.3789	61.6448	AID743210
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	18.8322	0.0006	27.2152	1,122.0200	AID743202
geminin	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	13.3359	0.0046	11.3741	33.4983	AID624297
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	23.7781	0.0316	22.3146	100.0000	AID588579
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	31.6228	0.2512	15.8432	39.8107	AID504327
lamin isoform A-delta10	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	31.6228	0.8913	12.0676	28.1838	AID1487
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Aldehyde oxidase	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	30.0000	0.0009	0.4607	2.3000	AID34176
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)	Km	59.0000	5.0000	7.4500	9.9000	AID464423
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate salvage	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
pyridoxal metabolic process	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
pyridoxamine metabolic process	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid metabolic process	Aldehyde oxidase	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Aldehyde oxidase	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
magnesium ion binding	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion binding	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
pyridoxal kinase activity	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
pyridoxal phosphate binding	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion binding	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
sodium ion binding	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
lithium ion binding	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
aldehyde oxidase activity	Aldehyde oxidase	Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion binding	Aldehyde oxidase	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Aldehyde oxidase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Aldehyde oxidase	Homo sapiens (human)
molybdopterin cofactor binding	Aldehyde oxidase	Homo sapiens (human)
flavin adenine dinucleotide binding	Aldehyde oxidase	Homo sapiens (human)
NAD binding	Aldehyde oxidase	Homo sapiens (human)
2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding	Aldehyde oxidase	Homo sapiens (human)
FAD binding	Aldehyde oxidase	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
extracellular region	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule lumen	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
specific granule lumen	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Pyridoxal kinase	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Aldehyde oxidase	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Aldehyde oxidase	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID1296008	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening	2020	SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1346986	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1346987	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID626545	Competitive inhibition of Cu2-amyloid beta (1 to 20) complex-induced DTBC oxidation by spectrophotometry	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 21, Issue:21	Vitamin B6s inhibit oxidative stress caused by Alzheimer's disease-related Cu(II)-β-amyloid complexes-cooperative action of phospho-moiety.
AID1755451	Drug excretion in human urine assessed as maximum urinary excretion of pyridoxic-acid at 3.36 mg, po	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23	Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID464424	Lipophilicity, log P of the compound	2010	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 73, Issue:1	Ginkgo biloba and ginkgotoxin.
AID1755449	Cmax in human at 3.36 mg, po measured for 7 days	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23	Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID626546	Competitive inhibition of Cu2-amyloid beta (1 to 20) complex-induced THB oxidation by spectrophotometry	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 21, Issue:21	Vitamin B6s inhibit oxidative stress caused by Alzheimer's disease-related Cu(II)-β-amyloid complexes-cooperative action of phospho-moiety.
AID626547	Competitive inhibition of Cu2-amyloid beta (1 to 16) complex-induced DTBC oxidation by spectrophotometry	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 21, Issue:21	Vitamin B6s inhibit oxidative stress caused by Alzheimer's disease-related Cu(II)-β-amyloid complexes-cooperative action of phospho-moiety.
AID1755450	Drug excretion in human assessed as time of maximum urinary excretion of pyridoxic-acid at 3.36 mg, po	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23	Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID1755446	Drug metabolism in human assessed as pyridoxal-5-phosphate Cmax at 3.36 mg, po	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23	Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID112595	Percent increase in life span of mice bearing L1210 ascites cells compared to control (in vivo)	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 23, Issue:3	Cyclophosphamide potentiation and aldehyde oxidase inhibition by phosphorylated aldehydes and acetals.
AID34176	Tested for its ability to inhibit rabbit liver aldehyde oxidase catalyzed oxidation of N-methyl-nicotinamide (NMN)	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 23, Issue:3	Cyclophosphamide potentiation and aldehyde oxidase inhibition by phosphorylated aldehydes and acetals.
AID124392	Percent animals surviving 50 days from day 1 (in vivo)	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 23, Issue:3	Cyclophosphamide potentiation and aldehyde oxidase inhibition by phosphorylated aldehydes and acetals.
AID1755452	Drug excretion in human urine at 3.36 mg, po measured within 24 hrs	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23	Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID1755448	Tmax in human at 3.36 mg, po	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23	Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID1755447	Drug metabolism in human assessed as pyridoxal-5-phosphate Tmax at 3.36 mg, po	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23	Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID464423	Activity at human PKH kinase expressed in Escherichia coli by affinity chromatography	2010	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 73, Issue:1	Ginkgo biloba and ginkgotoxin.
AID504749	qHTS profiling for inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation	2011	Science (New York, N.Y.), Aug-05, Volume: 333, Issue:6043	Chemical genomic profiling for antimalarial therapies, response signatures, and molecular targets.
AID1347105	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347107	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347086	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347104	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347096	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347094	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347098	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347093	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347099	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347095	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347407	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Pharmaceutical Collection	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347083	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1508630	Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay	2021	Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4	A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347106	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347108	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347102	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347101	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1745845	Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347089	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347100	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347154	Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347090	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347097	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347425	Rhodamine-PBP qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347091	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347103	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347424	RapidFire Mass Spectrometry qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID651635	Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347092	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347082	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	641 (58.38)	18.7374
1990's	145 (13.21)	18.2507
2000's	119 (10.84)	29.6817
2010's	122 (11.11)	24.3611
2020's	71 (6.47)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	14 (1.23%)	5.53%
Reviews	53 (4.65%)	6.00%
Case Studies	43 (3.78%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	1,029 (90.34%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (58)

Trial Overview

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
PILOTSTUDIE ZUR PYRIDOXALPHOSPHATTHERAPIE BEI PATIENTEN MIT PRIMÄRER HYPEROXALURIE TYP I (PHOX-B6-PILOT) Pilot Trial on Treatment of Patients With Primary Hyperoxaluria Type I With Pyridoxal-phosphate [NCT01281878]	Phase 2	12 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-12-31	Completed
Renal Protective Effect and Clinical Analysis of Vitamin B6 in Patients With Sepsis [NCT06008223]		128 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-11-01	Completed
Folic Acid and B Vitamins for Secondary Prevention of Stroke : A Double-blinded Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT01317849]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-07-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to financial assistance financial assistance financial assistance financial assistance financial assistance without financial assistance)
An Exploratory Single Blind Study of Ergoloid Mesylates, 5-Hydroxytryptophan, and the Combination in Adult Males With Fragile X Syndrome [NCT05030129]	Phase 2	15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-10-07	Completed
StAT-TB (Statin Adjunctive Therapy for TB): A Phase 2b Dose-finding Study of Pravastatin in Adults With Tuberculosis [NCT03882177]	Phase 2	16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-02-21	Completed
Effects of Vitamin Supplementation and Strength Training in Parkinson's Disease [NCT01238926]		40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2008-05-31	Active, not recruiting
Vitamin B6 and Magnesium on Neurobehavioral Status of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Study [NCT03963479]	Phase 2	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-01-01	Recruiting
Study of Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate for the Treatment of Patients With PNPO Deficiency [NCT04706013]	Phase 3	15 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-01-31	Not yet recruiting
Pyridoxine, P2 Receptor Antagonism, and ATP-mediated Vasodilation in Young Adults [NCT03738943]	Early Phase 1	9 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-02-07	Completed
A Pilot Study of the Preoperative Misoprostol in Reducing Operative Blood Loss During Hysterectomy [NCT01199159]		77 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-01-31	Completed
Vitamin B6 Concentration and Treatment in Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy [NCT00763633]	Phase 4	150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2008-01-31	Recruiting
A Randomized Trial to Determine if Vitamin B6 Can Prevent Hand and Foot Syndrome in Cancer Patients Treated With Capecitabine Chemotherapy [NCT00767689]		6 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-03-21	Terminated(stopped due to incomplete enrollment)
One-month Latent Tuberculosis Treatment for Renal Transplant Candidates [NCT05411744]	Phase 4	25 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-07-01	Recruiting
A Randomized Phase III Study of Vitamins B6 and B12 to Prevent Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathy in Cancer Patients. [NCT00659269]	Phase 3	319 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-07-31	Completed
An Exploratory, Randomized, Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Folic Acid and L-methylfolate in Parkinson's Disease [NCT00853879]		150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-12-31	Terminated
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Comparative Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Pyridoxal 5' -Phosphate in the Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia in Patients With Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorders [NCT00917293]	Phase 2	53 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-05-31	Terminated(stopped due to modified formulation under investigation)
Uterine Fibroids Are a Very Common Finding in Women of Reproductive Age. Ready Safety Study Extracts of Plants Pregnenolone & Pyridoxal Phosphate for Treating Uterine Fibroids in Women of Reproductive Age and Women Pregnancy. [NCT04762316]		66 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-01	Completed
Effects of Vitamin D, Epigallocatechin Gallate, Vitamin B6, and D-Chiro-inositol Combination on Uterine Fibroids: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05409872]		108 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-09-15	Recruiting
Restoration of Cutaneous Sensorum in Patients With Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) Via Metanx® [NCT00933998]		20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-06-30	Completed
Evaluation of the Role of Pyridoxine Adjuvant Therapy on the Blood Glucose Level in Type 2 Diabetic Patients [NCT05918068]		108 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-11-01	Completed
Assesment of Vitamin B6 Level in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder [NCT05649293]		94 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2023-04-01	Not yet recruiting
The Safety and Efficacy of a Compound Natural Health Product in Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Pilot Study [NCT00704990]	Phase 2/Phase 3	28 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-09-30	Completed
Vitamin B6 Supplementation and Mood States in College Women Taking Oral Contraceptives [NCT04070391]		8 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-01	Completed
Efficacy of the Association of Hyaluronic Acid With High Molecular Weight, α-lipoic Acid (ALA), Magnesium, Vitamin B6 and Vitamin D, in the Prevention of Spontaneous Abortion in Patients at Risk [NCT05449171]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-09-01	Recruiting
A Double Blind Placebo Control Randomised Trial to Test the Effectiveness of Vitamin B6 in Hand Foot Syndrome [NCT02625415]		54 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-07-31	Completed
Protocol Comparing a Nutraceutical Formulation Consisting of Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Vitamin D, and Vitamins B6 Plus B12 Versus No Treatment in the Prevention or Reduction of Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN) in Patients Treated With Docetaxe [NCT02795572]	Phase 2	13 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-27	Terminated(stopped due to Retirement of the Principal Investigator)
Interventional Testing of Gene-environment Interactions Via the Verifomics Mobile Application [NCT02758990]		16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-03-31	Terminated(stopped due to Recruiting and financial constraints)
Phase III Clinical Trial of Ultra-Short-Course Rifapentine/Isoniazid for the Prevention of Active Tuberculosis in HIV-Infected Individuals With Latent Tuberculosis Infection [NCT01404312]	Phase 3	3,000 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-05-23	Completed
Chelation Therapy of Iron Overload With Oral Pyridoxal Isonicotinoyl Hydrazone [NCT00000588]	Phase 2	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1989-06-05	Completed
MEND-CABG II: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multi-Center Study to Evaluate the Cardioprotective Effects of MC-1 in Patients Undergoing High-Risk CABG Surgery [NCT00402506]	Phase 3	3,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2006-11-30	Completed
[NCT01964001]	Phase 2/Phase 3	71 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
Vitamin B6 Effects on One-Carbon Metabolism [NCT01128244]	Phase 2/Phase 3	13 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-04-30	Completed
A Phase IIc Trial of Clofazimine- and Rifapentine-Containing Treatment Shortening Regimens in Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis: The CLO-FAST Study [NCT04311502]	Phase 2	104 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-06-16	Active, not recruiting
The Early Bactericidal Activity of High-Dose or Standard-Dose Isoniazid Among Adult Participants With Isoniazid-Resistant or Drug-Sensitive Tuberculosis [NCT01936831]	Phase 2	282 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-08-13	Completed
[NCT01426490]	Phase 2/Phase 3	300 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2011-08-31	Recruiting
[NCT00706888]		64 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional		Completed
Oral Misoprostol Before Endometrial Biopsy [NCT00200226]	Phase 3	72 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-02-28	Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Ranging, Multi-Center Study to Evaluate the Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Effects of MC-1 in Patients Undergoing High-Risk Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Surgery [NCT00157716]	Phase 2	900 participants	Interventional	2004-04-30	Completed
Protecting Households On Exposure to Newly Diagnosed Index Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients (PHOENIx MDR-TB) [NCT03568383]	Phase 3	5,610 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-06-03	Recruiting
HOPE-2 Study (Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation-2 Study) [NCT00106886]	Phase 4	5,000 participants	Interventional	1999-12-31	Active, not recruiting
B-Vitamin Atherosclerosis Intervention Trial (BVAIT) [NCT00114400]	Phase 2/Phase 3	506 participants	Interventional	2000-11-30	Completed
Evaluation of the Effects of MC-1 Alone and in Combination With an ACE Inhibitor on Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Metabolic Function in Hypertensive Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [NCT00157729]	Phase 2	160 participants	Interventional	2004-08-31	Completed
High Dose Supplements to Reduce Homocysteine and Slow the Rate of Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease (Vitamins to Slow Alzheimer's - VITAL) [NCT00056225]	Phase 3	340 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-01-31	Completed
Short Course Low Dose Oral Colchicine After ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction(STEMI) [NCT06020300]	Phase 4	64 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-07-28	Recruiting
Randomized Trial of Homocysteine-lowering With B Vitamins for Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease After Acute Myocardial Infarction. The Norwegian Vitamin Trial (NORVIT) [NCT00266487]		3,750 participants	Interventional	1998-12-31	Completed
Implementation for Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy Among Latent Tuberculosis Infection in HIV-infected Individuals Using Novel Regimen of Isoniazid/Rifapentine Daily (4 Weeks) Compared to Isoniazid/Rifapentine Weekly (12 Weeks) [NCT03785106]	Phase 3	2,500 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-08-15	Recruiting
Cervical Ripening Before Endometrial Biopsy in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) Using Sublingual Misoprostol 200 Mcg: A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-controlled Trial [NCT01762319]		52 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2012-11-30	Recruiting
A Phase I/II Trial of the Pharmacokinetics, Tolerability, and Safety of Once-Weekly Rifapentine and Isoniazid in HIV-1-infected and HIV-1-uninfected Pregnant and Postpartum Women With Latent Tuberculosis Infection [NCT02651259]	Phase 1/Phase 2	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-03-13	Completed
Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo Controlled, Multicenter Trial to Evaluate the Neuroprotective Effect of Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B12 Against Vincristine Induced Neurotoxicity in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia Patients [NCT03593304]	Phase 2/Phase 3	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-29	Completed
Women's Antioxidant and Folic Acid Cardiovascular Study (WAFACS) [NCT00000541]	Phase 2	0 participants	Interventional	1993-05-31	Completed
A Randomised Double Blind Study of the Effects of Homocysteine Lowering Therapy on Mortality and Cardiac Events in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography [NCT00354081]	Phase 3	3,096 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1999-04-30	Completed
Combined Effect of Tryptophan Rich Diet and Acupuncture on Depression Related to Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder [NCT05813366]		39 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-04-25	Not yet recruiting
The Use of Vitamin D in Combination With Epigallocatechin Gallate, D-chiro-inositol and Vitamin B6 in the Treatment of Women With Uterine Fibroid [NCT05448365]	Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-07-01	Recruiting
The Neurobehavioral and Biochemical Effects of High Dose of Vitamin B6 With Magnesium in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Study [NCT04509401]		66 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-01-11	Completed
A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Magnesium Vitamin B6 in Combination With Treatment as Usual in First Episode of Bipolar I Disorder [NCT05837104]	Phase 2	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-13	Recruiting
Drug-Drug Interactions Between Rifapentine and Dolutegravir in HIV/LTBI Co-Infected Individuals [NCT04272242]	Phase 2	72 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-08-01	Suspended(stopped due to Following completion of Arm 1, A5372 is currently Temporarily Closed. Timeline for opening of Arm 2 is not available.)
The Effects of Vitamin B-6 and Glutathione on Inflammatory Responses, Homocysteine Metabolism, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Capacities in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis or Hepatocellular Carcinoma [NCT02321579]		25 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-12-31	Recruiting
A Pilot Study of the Effects of Vitamin B6 on Hot Flash Symptoms in Prostate Cancer Patients [NCT03580499]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-09-13	Active, not recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Trial	Outcome
NCT00659269 (4) [back to overview]	Change in Neurotoxicity Assessment Between Cycle 4 and Baseline
NCT00659269 (4) [back to overview]	Neurotoxicity Assessment at Baseline
NCT00659269 (4) [back to overview]	Neurotoxicity Assessment at Cycle 2
NCT00659269 (4) [back to overview]	Neurotoxicity Assessment at Cycle 4
NCT01128244 (5) [back to overview]	Fasting Plasma Cystathionine Concentration
NCT01128244 (5) [back to overview]	Plasma 3-hydroxykynurenine Concentration
NCT01128244 (5) [back to overview]	Total Remethylation of Homocysteine
NCT01128244 (5) [back to overview]	Fasting Plasma Pyridoxal Phosphate Concentration
NCT01128244 (5) [back to overview]	Flux of Homocysteine Remethylation From Serine-derived Carbon
NCT01404312 (6) [back to overview]	Incidence of First Diagnosis of Active Tuberculosis, Death Related to Tuberculosis, or Death From Unknown Cause
NCT01404312 (6) [back to overview]	Cumulative Incidence of Death Due to a Non-TB Event
NCT01404312 (6) [back to overview]	Cumulative Incidence of Death From Any Cause
NCT01404312 (6) [back to overview]	Efavirenz (EFV) Plasma Concentrations in Arm A
NCT01404312 (6) [back to overview]	Nevirapine (NVP) Plasma Concentrations in Arm A
NCT01404312 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Antibiotic Resistance Among Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB) Isolates in Participants Who Develop Active Tuberculosis
NCT01936831 (10) [back to overview]	Daily Change in TTP Measured by Early- (EBA0-2) and Late-phase (EBA2-7) Individual-based Parameter Estimates From Nonlinear Models
NCT01936831 (10) [back to overview]	INH Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Against M. Tuberculosis Isolates
NCT01936831 (10) [back to overview]	Daily Change in log10 Colony-forming Unit (CFU)
NCT01936831 (10) [back to overview]	Daily Change in Time to Positivity (TTP)
NCT01936831 (10) [back to overview]	INH PK Parameter Area Under the Concentration Time Curve (AUC 0-24 Hours)
NCT01936831 (10) [back to overview]	INH PK Parameter Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax)
NCT01936831 (10) [back to overview]	INH PK Parameter Minimum Plasma Concentration (Cmin)
NCT01936831 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Grade 2 or Higher Drug-related Adverse Clinical or Laboratory Events
NCT01936831 (10) [back to overview]	Proportions of Participants Estimated to Have a Drop in log10 CFU/mL at or Above 0.65 log10 CFU/mL.
NCT01936831 (10) [back to overview]	Daily Change in log10 CFU Measured by Early- (EBA0-2) and Late-phase (EBA2-7) Individual-based Parameter Estimates From Nonlinear Models
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Absorption (ka) of INH
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Absorption Rate Constant (ka) for Rifapentine (RPT)
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Clearance Relative to Bioavailability (CL/F) for Rifapentine (RPT)
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Clearance Relative to Bioavailability (CL/F) for Rifapentine (RPT) for Intensive and Sparse PK
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Clearance Relative to Bioavailability (CLmet/F) for Desacetyl Rifapentine (Des-RPT)
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Cord Blood Concentrations of Desacetyl Rifapentine (Des-RPT) Among Infants
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Cord Blood Concentrations of Rifapentine (RPT) Among Infants
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Incidence of Related Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) in Pregnant and Postpartum Women Taking Once-weekly RPT + INH
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Number of Infants With Active TB up to 24 Weeks of Life
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Number of Mothers With Active TB up to 24 Weeks Postpartum
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Discontinuation of Study Drug Due to Intolerance (Tolerability of Study Drug Regimen - i.e., RPT, INH, and Pyridoxine)
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With All AEs Leading to Permanent Discontinuation of Study Drug Regimen (i.e., RPT, INH, and Pyridoxine)
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With All Grade 3 and 4 AEs
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With All Serious AEs
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Grade 2 Adverse Events (AEs) Judged to be Related to Study Drug Regimen
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Related Serious Adverse Events (AEs) in Infants Born to Women Taking Once-weekly RPT + INH
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Plasma Concentrations of Desacetyl Rifapentine (Des-RPT) Among Infants
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Plasma Concentrations of Rifapentine (RPT) Among Infants
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Volume of Distribution of INH
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Volume of Distribution Relative to Bioavailability (Vc/F) for Rifapentine (RPT)
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC0-24) for RPT and Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC0-24) for Des-RPT Pregnant Women in 2nd and 3rd Trimester
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Clearance (CL/F) of INH
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Maximum Concentration (Cmax) for RPT Maximum Concentration (Cmax) for Des-RPT Pregnant Women in 2nd and 3rd Trimester
NCT02651259 (24) [back to overview]	Maximum Concentration (Cmin) for RPT and Maximum Concentration (Cmin) for Des-RPT Pregnant Women in 2nd and 3rd Trimester
NCT03882177 (2) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Permanently Discontinue Assigned Study Regimen for Any Reason
NCT03882177 (2) [back to overview]	Frequency of Grade 3 or Higher Adverse Events

Change in Neurotoxicity Assessment Between Cycle 4 and Baseline

Neurotoxicity is evaluated using The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Taxane (FACT-Tax) questionnaire. FACT-Tax is a validated, self-reported instrument. The questionnaire consists of 11 questions and possible scores for each question range from 0 (no neurotoxicity symptoms) to 4 (worst possible neurotoxicity symptoms). The total score for any patient can therefore range from 0 to 44. The questionnaire is given to patients to fill out at baseline, cycle 2, and cycle 4 of their chemotherapy treatment. Change in neurotoxicity scores from baseline to the completion of 4 cycles are reported as the mean total score for all patients. (NCT00659269)
Timeframe: 4 weeks

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Taxane Group: Multivitamin (MV) Arm	7.0
Taxane Group: MV + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B6	7.2
Heavy Metals Group: Multivitamin (MV) Arm	3.9
Heavy Metals Group: MV + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B6 Arm	4.7
Vinca Alkaloids Group: Multivitamin (MV) Arm	11.8
Vinca Alkaloids Group: MV + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B6 Arm	7

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Taxane Group: Multivitamin (MV) Arm	13.0
Taxane Group: MV + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B6	12.0
Heavy Metals Group: Multivitamin (MV) Arm	9.7
Heavy Metals Group: MV + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B6 Arm	8.4
Vinca Alkaloids Group: Multivitamin (MV) Arm	14.56
Vinca Alkaloids Group: MV + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B6 Arm	5.6

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Taxane Group: Multivitamin (MV) Arm	14.5
Multivitamin + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B6	14.5
Heavy Metals Group: Multivitamin (MV) Arm	8.71
Heavy Metals Group: MV + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B6 Arm	7.05
Vinca Alkaloids Group: Multivitamin (MV) Arm	17.5
Vinca Alkaloids Group: MV + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B6 Arm	9.22

Intervention	micromol/L (Mean)
	Baseline prior to vitamin supplementation	After 28-days of vitamin supplementation
Plasma Cystathionine Concentration	0.14	0.13

Intervention	microl/L (Mean)
	Baseline prior to vitamin supplementation	After 28-days of vitamin supplementation
Secondary Analysis: Plasma 3-hydroxykynurenine Concentration	25.9	27.3

Intervention	micromol/(kg x hr) (Mean)
	Baseline prior to vitamin supplementation	After 28-days of vitamin supplementation
Total Homocysteine Remethylation Flux	6.07	5.63

Intervention	nmol/L (Mean)
	Baseline prior to vitamin supplementation	After 28-days of vitamin supplementation
Plasma Pyridoxal Phosphate Concentration	25.8	143

Intervention	micromol/(kg x hr) (Mean)
	Baseline prior to vitamin supplementation	After 28-days of vitamin supplementation
Homocysteine Remethylation Flux From Serine	6.60	6.92

Intervention	events per 100 participants (Number)
	Cumulative incidence by 1 year post-randomization	Cumulative incidence by 2 years post-randomization	Cumulative incidence by 3 years post-randomization	Cumulative incidence by 4 years post-randomization
INH Regimen (Arm B)	0.5	1.0	1.5	2.0
RPT Plus INH Regimen (Arm A)	0.3	0.4	0.9	1.6

Intervention	events per 100 participants (Number)
	1 year post-entry	2 years post-entry	3 years post-entry	4 years post-entry
INH Regimen (Arm B)	0.63	1.15	1.62	2.29
RPT Plus INH Regimen (Arm A)	0.35	0.49	1.05	2.00

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Rifampin72268104		Rifampin72268105	Isoniazid72268104	Isoniazid72268105	Ethambutol72268104	Ethambutol72268105	Pyrazinamide72268104	Pyrazinamide72268105
	Developed Resistance	Did not Develop Resistance
RPT Plus INH Regimen (Arm A)	1
INH Regimen (Arm B)	1
RPT Plus INH Regimen (Arm A)	14
INH Regimen (Arm B)	11
RPT Plus INH Regimen (Arm A)	2
RPT Plus INH Regimen (Arm A)	12
RPT Plus INH Regimen (Arm A)	0
RPT Plus INH Regimen (Arm A)	7
INH Regimen (Arm B)	7
INH Regimen (Arm B)	0
RPT Plus INH Regimen (Arm A)	6
INH Regimen (Arm B)	6

Intervention	hours per day (Mean)
	EBA(0-2)	EBA(2-7)
Group 1: 10mg Cohort	11.03	5.45
Group 1: 15mg Cohort	7.35	12.01
Group 1: 5mg Cohort	7.78	1.77
Group 2: 5mg Cohort	22.39	5.09
Group 3: 15mg Cohort	2.91	2.69
Group 3: 20mg Cohort	-1.36	5.45

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	0.03 μg/mL	0.06 μg/mL	0.12 μg/mL	0.25 μg/mL	0.5 μg/mL	1 μg/mL	2 μg/mL	4 μg/mL	>4 μg/mL
Step 1 Group 3 Version 3	1	0	0	0	0	1	4	9	3

Intervention	log10 CFU per mL sputum per day (Mean)
Group 1: 5mg Cohort	-0.06
Group 1: 10mg Cohort	-0.18
Group 1: 15mg Cohort	-0.21
Group 2: 5mg Cohort	-0.15

Intervention	ug*hr/mL (Median)
Group 1: 5mg Cohort	14.05
Group 1: 10mg Cohort	53.08
Group 1: 15mg Cohort	50.24
Group 2: 5mg Cohort	10.47
Group 3: 15mg Cohort	54.13
Group 3: 20mg Cohort	70.54

Intervention	ug/mL (Median)
Group 1: 5mg Cohort	5.26
Group 1: 10mg Cohort	10.4
Group 1: 15mg Cohort	15.1
Group 2: 5mg Cohort	4.55
Group 3: 15mg Cohort	15
Group 3: 20mg Cohort	22.15

Intervention	ug/mL (Median)
Group 1: 5mg Cohort	0.053
Group 1: 10mg Cohort	0.053
Group 1: 15mg Cohort	0.053
Group 2: 5mg Cohort	0.053
Group 3: 15mg Cohort	0.053
Group 3: 20mg Cohort	0.053

Intervention	proportion of simulated participants (Median)
Group 1: 5mg Cohort	0.17
Group 1: 10mg Cohort	0.50
Group 1: 15mg Cohort	0.64
Group 2: 5mg Cohort	0.88
Group 3: 15mg Cohort	0.01
Group 3: 20mg Cohort	0.05

Intervention	L/hr (Mean)
Cohort 1 (Pregnant Women Enrolled in the Second Trimester)	1.4
Cohort 2 (Pregnant Women Enrolled in the Third Trimester)	1.50

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Cohort 1(Infants Born to Women Enrolled in Second Trimester)	0
Cohort 2 (Infants Born to Women Enrolled in Third Trimester)	0

Intervention	percent of participants (Number)
Cohort 1 (Infants Born to Women Enrolled in Second Trimester)	0
Cohort 2 (Infants Born to Women Enrolled in Third Trimester)	0

pyridoxal

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Synonyms (60)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Actions

Treatment

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Roles (5)

Drug Classes (5)

Pathways (22)

Protein Targets (15)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Other Measurements

Biological Processes (5)

Molecular Functions (17)

Ceullar Components (7)

Bioassays (49)

Research

Studies (1,098)

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Research Demand Index: 69.04

Study Types

Clinical Trials (58)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Change in Neurotoxicity Assessment Between Cycle 4 and Baseline

Neurotoxicity Assessment at Baseline

Neurotoxicity Assessment at Cycle 2

Neurotoxicity Assessment at Cycle 4

Fasting Plasma Cystathionine Concentration

Plasma 3-hydroxykynurenine Concentration

Total Remethylation of Homocysteine

Fasting Plasma Pyridoxal Phosphate Concentration

Flux of Homocysteine Remethylation From Serine-derived Carbon

Incidence of First Diagnosis of Active Tuberculosis, Death Related to Tuberculosis, or Death From Unknown Cause

Cumulative Incidence of Death Due to a Non-TB Event

Cumulative Incidence of Death From Any Cause

Efavirenz (EFV) Plasma Concentrations in Arm A

Nevirapine (NVP) Plasma Concentrations in Arm A

Number of Participants With Antibiotic Resistance Among Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB) Isolates in Participants Who Develop Active Tuberculosis

Daily Change in TTP Measured by Early- (EBA0-2) and Late-phase (EBA2-7) Individual-based Parameter Estimates From Nonlinear Models

INH Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Against M. Tuberculosis Isolates

Daily Change in log10 Colony-forming Unit (CFU)

Daily Change in Time to Positivity (TTP)

INH PK Parameter Area Under the Concentration Time Curve (AUC 0-24 Hours)

INH PK Parameter Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax)

INH PK Parameter Minimum Plasma Concentration (Cmin)

Number of Participants With Grade 2 or Higher Drug-related Adverse Clinical or Laboratory Events

Proportions of Participants Estimated to Have a Drop in log10 CFU/mL at or Above 0.65 log10 CFU/mL.

Daily Change in log10 CFU Measured by Early- (EBA0-2) and Late-phase (EBA2-7) Individual-based Parameter Estimates From Nonlinear Models

Absorption (ka) of INH

Absorption Rate Constant (ka) for Rifapentine (RPT)

Clearance Relative to Bioavailability (CL/F) for Rifapentine (RPT)

Clearance Relative to Bioavailability (CL/F) for Rifapentine (RPT) for Intensive and Sparse PK

Clearance Relative to Bioavailability (CLmet/F) for Desacetyl Rifapentine (Des-RPT)

Cord Blood Concentrations of Desacetyl Rifapentine (Des-RPT) Among Infants

Cord Blood Concentrations of Rifapentine (RPT) Among Infants

Incidence of Related Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) in Pregnant and Postpartum Women Taking Once-weekly RPT + INH

Number of Infants With Active TB up to 24 Weeks of Life

Number of Mothers With Active TB up to 24 Weeks Postpartum

Number of Participants With Discontinuation of Study Drug Due to Intolerance (Tolerability of Study Drug Regimen - i.e., RPT, INH, and Pyridoxine)

Percentage of Participants With All AEs Leading to Permanent Discontinuation of Study Drug Regimen (i.e., RPT, INH, and Pyridoxine)

Percentage of Participants With All Grade 3 and 4 AEs

Percentage of Participants With All Serious AEs

Percentage of Participants With Grade 2 Adverse Events (AEs) Judged to be Related to Study Drug Regimen

Percentage of Participants With Related Serious Adverse Events (AEs) in Infants Born to Women Taking Once-weekly RPT + INH

Plasma Concentrations of Desacetyl Rifapentine (Des-RPT) Among Infants

Plasma Concentrations of Rifapentine (RPT) Among Infants

Volume of Distribution of INH

Volume of Distribution Relative to Bioavailability (Vc/F) for Rifapentine (RPT)

Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC0-24) for RPT and Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC0-24) for Des-RPT Pregnant Women in 2nd and 3rd Trimester

Clearance (CL/F) of INH

Maximum Concentration (Cmax) for RPT Maximum Concentration (Cmax) for Des-RPT Pregnant Women in 2nd and 3rd Trimester

Maximum Concentration (Cmin) for RPT and Maximum Concentration (Cmin) for Des-RPT Pregnant Women in 2nd and 3rd Trimester

Intervention	hour*mg/L (Mean)
	AUC (0-24) for RPT	AUC (0-24) for des-RPT
Cohort 1 (Pregnant Women Enrolled in the Second Trimester)	424.7	158.7
Cohort 2 (Pregnant Women Enrolled in the Third Trimester)	406.8	153.7

Intervention	L/hr (Mean)
	CL/F (slow acetylators)	CL/F (fast acetylators)
All Cohorts	8.98	32.7

Intervention	mg/L (Mean)
	Cmax for RPT	Cmax for des-RPT
Cohort 1 (Pregnant Women Enrolled in the Second Trimester)	30.2	8.76
Cohort 2 (Pregnant Women Enrolled in the Third Trimester)	28.6	8.50

Intervention	mg/L (Mean)
	Cmin for RPT	Cmin for des-RPT
Cohort 1 (Pregnant Women Enrolled in the Second Trimester)	1.45	1.06
Cohort 2 (Pregnant Women Enrolled in the Third Trimester)	1.58	1.20

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Arm 1: Pravastatin (40 mg) and Rifafour	10
Arm 2: Pravastatin (80 mg) and Rifafour	6
Arm 3: Pravastatin (120 mg) and Rifafour	0
Arm 4: Pravastatin (160 mg) and Rifafour	0