5'-deoxynucleotidase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction:a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate + H20=a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside + phosphate. [EC:3.1.3.89]

5'-Deoxynucleotidase activity refers to the enzymatic hydrolysis of a 5'-deoxyribonucleotide, cleaving the phosphate group from the 5' position of the deoxyribose sugar. This activity plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including DNA metabolism, nucleotide salvage pathways, and the regulation of cellular signaling.

Specifically, 5'-deoxynucleotidases catalyze the removal of the phosphate group from 5'-deoxyribonucleotides, generating the corresponding deoxyribonucleosides. These deoxyribonucleosides can then be further metabolized or utilized in other cellular processes.

The molecular function of 5'-deoxynucleotidase activity involves:

* **Substrate binding:** The enzyme binds to the 5'-deoxyribonucleotide substrate, recognizing the specific chemical structure of the nucleotide.
* **Hydrolysis:** The enzyme utilizes water to break the phosphodiester bond between the phosphate group and the 5' hydroxyl group of the deoxyribose sugar, releasing the inorganic phosphate.
* **Product release:** The enzyme releases the deoxyribonucleoside product, allowing it to participate in other cellular pathways.

5'-Deoxynucleotidase activity is often associated with diseases like cancer and cardiovascular disease. The activity of these enzymes can be regulated by factors such as pH, metal ions, and other cellular components. The dysregulation of 5'-deoxynucleotidase activity can contribute to pathological conditions.
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (16)