Compounds > Tormentic acid
Page last updated: 2024-12-06

Tormentic acid

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

Tormentic acid is a triterpenoid compound found in various plants, including the European mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia) and the Japanese rowan (Sorbus commixta). It has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties. Research on tormentic acid focuses on understanding its biological mechanisms and exploring its potential therapeutic applications. The compound is synthesized via a complex biosynthetic pathway involving multiple enzymatic steps. It is often studied for its potential use in treating inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, as well as for its ability to protect cells from oxidative stress. Tormentic acid's anti-cancer properties have also garnered interest, with studies investigating its effects on different cancer cell lines.'

tormentic acid: aglycone of Rosamultin [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID73193
CHEMBL ID239077
CHEBI ID70682
SCHEMBL ID94231

Synonyms (31)

Synonym
2.alpha.,19.alpha.-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid
nsc720893
nsc-720893
(1r,2r,4as,6ar,6as,6br,8ar,10r,11r,12ar,14bs)-1,10,11-trihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid
2.alpha.,3.alpha.,19.alpha.-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid
13850-16-3
tormentic acid
chebi:70682 ,
tomentic acid
CHEMBL239077
2,3,19-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (2alpha,3beta)-
9wl8lh7u78 ,
urs-12-en-28-oic acid, 2,3,19-trihydroxy-, (2alpha,3beta)-
unii-9wl8lh7u78
SCHEMBL94231
AKOS032962136
HY-N4137
(1r,2r,4as,6as,6br,8ar,10r,11r,12ar,12br,14bs)-1,10,11-trihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,12b,13,14b-icosahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid
DTXSID40930135
2,3,19-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid
Q15634134
CS-0032207
bdbm50593989
tormenticacid
urs-12-en-28-oic acid, 2,3,19-trihydroxy-, (2.alpha.,3.beta.)-
2.alpha.,3.beta.,19-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid
tormentolic acid
urs-12-en-28-oic acid, 2.alpha.,3.beta.,19-trihydroxy-
2.alpha.,19.alpha.-dihydroxyursolic acid
2.alpha.,3.beta.,19.alpha.-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid
(2.alpha.,3.beta.)-2,3,19-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Roles (1)

RoleDescription
metaboliteAny intermediate or product resulting from metabolism. The term 'metabolite' subsumes the classes commonly known as primary and secondary metabolites.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
triterpenoidAny terpenoid derived from a triterpene. The term includes compounds in which the C30 skeleton of the parent triterpene has been rearranged or modified by the removal of one or more skeletal atoms (generally methyl groups).
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (1)

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Sentrin-specific protease 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)4.30000.00642.64466.1000AID1868240
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (7)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IISentrin-specific protease 1Homo sapiens (human)
proteolysisSentrin-specific protease 1Homo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processSentrin-specific protease 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein sumoylationSentrin-specific protease 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein desumoylationSentrin-specific protease 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mRNA stabilitySentrin-specific protease 1Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic signaling pathwaySentrin-specific protease 1Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (4)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
endopeptidase activitySentrin-specific protease 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingSentrin-specific protease 1Homo sapiens (human)
deSUMOylase activitySentrin-specific protease 1Homo sapiens (human)
SUMO-specific endopeptidase activitySentrin-specific protease 1Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (5)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
nucleoplasmSentrin-specific protease 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmSentrin-specific protease 1Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesionSentrin-specific protease 1Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear membraneSentrin-specific protease 1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusSentrin-specific protease 1Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (46)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID682480Induction of apoptosis in human 518A2 cells after 24 to 48 hrs by DNA laddering assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 56Tormentic acid derivatives: synthesis and apoptotic activity.
AID402091Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in human H9 cells after 4 days by p24 antigen ELISA1998Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 61, Issue:9
Anti-AIDS agents. 30. Anti-HIV activity of oleanolic acid, pomolic acid, and structurally related triterpenoids.
AID682478Induction of apoptosis in human 8505C cells assessed as migration of phosphatidylserine from inner to outer cell membrane at 30 uM after 6 hrs by Annexin V-FITC/PI based FACS analysis2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 56Tormentic acid derivatives: synthesis and apoptotic activity.
AID1868244Cytotoxicity against human SK-OV-3 cells assessed as cell viability at 500 uM incubated for 48 hrs by SRB assay2022Journal of natural products, 05-27, Volume: 85, Issue:5
Discovery of Natural Ursane-type SENP1 Inhibitors and the Platinum Resistance Reversal Activity Against Human Ovarian Cancer Cells: A Structure-Activity Relationship Study.
AID1165539Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production incubated for 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Anti-inflammatory ursane- and oleanane-type triterpenoids from Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia.
AID1416504Cytotoxicity against human Bel7402 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay2017MedChemComm, Aug-01, Volume: 8, Issue:8
Extraction of antioxidant and antiproliferative ingredients from fruits of
AID1416511Induction of morphological changes in human MCF7 cells after 24 hrs by phase contrast microscopic method2017MedChemComm, Aug-01, Volume: 8, Issue:8
Extraction of antioxidant and antiproliferative ingredients from fruits of
AID682467Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 56Tormentic acid derivatives: synthesis and apoptotic activity.
AID682464Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 56Tormentic acid derivatives: synthesis and apoptotic activity.
AID1868242Cytotoxicity against human SK-OV-3 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability at 25 uM incubated for 48 hrs by SRB assay2022Journal of natural products, 05-27, Volume: 85, Issue:5
Discovery of Natural Ursane-type SENP1 Inhibitors and the Platinum Resistance Reversal Activity Against Human Ovarian Cancer Cells: A Structure-Activity Relationship Study.
AID1416503Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay2017MedChemComm, Aug-01, Volume: 8, Issue:8
Extraction of antioxidant and antiproliferative ingredients from fruits of
AID302037Cytotoxicity against human multidrug resistant Lucena1 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 15, Issue:23
Natural triterpenoids from Cecropia lyratiloba are cytotoxic to both sensitive and multidrug resistant leukemia cell lines.
AID1868239Inhibition of recombinant human SENP1 assessed as reduction in deSUMOylation of RanGAP1-SUMO1 at 5 uM using RanGAP1-SUMO1 as substrate preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 30 mins relative to control2022Journal of natural products, 05-27, Volume: 85, Issue:5
Discovery of Natural Ursane-type SENP1 Inhibitors and the Platinum Resistance Reversal Activity Against Human Ovarian Cancer Cells: A Structure-Activity Relationship Study.
AID527183Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs2010Journal of natural products, Oct-22, Volume: 73, Issue:10
Cytotoxic Hexacyclic Triterpene Acids from Euscaphis japonica.
AID682470Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 56Tormentic acid derivatives: synthesis and apoptotic activity.
AID1416507Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation at 100 ug/ml after 24 hrs by MTT assay relative to control2017MedChemComm, Aug-01, Volume: 8, Issue:8
Extraction of antioxidant and antiproliferative ingredients from fruits of
AID682468Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 56Tormentic acid derivatives: synthesis and apoptotic activity.
AID354613Inhibition of HIV1 recombinant protease expressed in Escherichia coli DH5alpha at 17.9 ug/mL after 2 hrs by HPLC assay1996Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 59, Issue:7
Anti-HIV triterpene acids from Geum japonicum.
AID1416509Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation at 100 ug/ml after 24 hrs by MTT assay relative to control2017MedChemComm, Aug-01, Volume: 8, Issue:8
Extraction of antioxidant and antiproliferative ingredients from fruits of
AID682477Induction of apoptosis in human 8505C cells assessed as induction of cell death after 24 to 48 hrs by AO/PI exclusion dye assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 56Tormentic acid derivatives: synthesis and apoptotic activity.
AID527182Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs2010Journal of natural products, Oct-22, Volume: 73, Issue:10
Cytotoxic Hexacyclic Triterpene Acids from Euscaphis japonica.
AID1416510Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation at 100 ug/ml after 24 hrs by MTT assay relative to control2017MedChemComm, Aug-01, Volume: 8, Issue:8
Extraction of antioxidant and antiproliferative ingredients from fruits of
AID1416508Cytotoxicity against human Bel7402 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation at 100 ug/ml after 24 hrs by MTT assay relative to control2017MedChemComm, Aug-01, Volume: 8, Issue:8
Extraction of antioxidant and antiproliferative ingredients from fruits of
AID1416505Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay2017MedChemComm, Aug-01, Volume: 8, Issue:8
Extraction of antioxidant and antiproliferative ingredients from fruits of
AID527184Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs2010Journal of natural products, Oct-22, Volume: 73, Issue:10
Cytotoxic Hexacyclic Triterpene Acids from Euscaphis japonica.
AID1416506Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay2017MedChemComm, Aug-01, Volume: 8, Issue:8
Extraction of antioxidant and antiproliferative ingredients from fruits of
AID682472Cytotoxicity against human WW030272 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 56Tormentic acid derivatives: synthesis and apoptotic activity.
AID1868243Cytotoxicity against human SK-OV-3 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by SRB assay2022Journal of natural products, 05-27, Volume: 85, Issue:5
Discovery of Natural Ursane-type SENP1 Inhibitors and the Platinum Resistance Reversal Activity Against Human Ovarian Cancer Cells: A Structure-Activity Relationship Study.
AID1165541Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as cell viability at 40 uM by MTT assay2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Anti-inflammatory ursane- and oleanane-type triterpenoids from Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia.
AID1868240Inhibition of recombinant human SENP1 assessed as reduction in deSUMOylation using RanGAP1-SUMO1 as substrate preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 30 mins2022Journal of natural products, 05-27, Volume: 85, Issue:5
Discovery of Natural Ursane-type SENP1 Inhibitors and the Platinum Resistance Reversal Activity Against Human Ovarian Cancer Cells: A Structure-Activity Relationship Study.
AID402092Cytotoxicity against mock-infected human H9 cells after 4 days1998Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 61, Issue:9
Anti-AIDS agents. 30. Anti-HIV activity of oleanolic acid, pomolic acid, and structurally related triterpenoids.
AID682469Cytotoxicity against human DLD1 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 56Tormentic acid derivatives: synthesis and apoptotic activity.
AID1364711Cytotoxicity in rat C6 cells assessed as cell viability at 20 uM incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay relative to untreated control2017Journal of natural products, 04-28, Volume: 80, Issue:4
Bioactive Triterpenoids from the Twigs of Chaenomeles sinensis.
AID458321Inhibition of human recombinant 11beta-HSD2 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as reduction of cortisone to cortisol conversion at 20 uM by scintillation counting2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 18, Issue:4
11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 inhibiting constituents from Eriobotrya japonica revealed by bioactivity-guided isolation and computational approaches.
AID682471Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 56Tormentic acid derivatives: synthesis and apoptotic activity.
AID682466Cytotoxicity against human A253 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 56Tormentic acid derivatives: synthesis and apoptotic activity.
AID527185Cytotoxicity against human fibroblast cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs2010Journal of natural products, Oct-22, Volume: 73, Issue:10
Cytotoxic Hexacyclic Triterpene Acids from Euscaphis japonica.
AID1868246Synergistic reversal of platinum resistance in cisplatin-resistant human SK-OV-3 cells assessed as combination index after 48 hrs in presence of cisplatin by SRB assay2022Journal of natural products, 05-27, Volume: 85, Issue:5
Discovery of Natural Ursane-type SENP1 Inhibitors and the Platinum Resistance Reversal Activity Against Human Ovarian Cancer Cells: A Structure-Activity Relationship Study.
AID1868241Inhibition of SENP1 in human SK-OV-3 cells assessed as increase in SUMOlytated JAK2 level at 5 uM after 48 hrs by immunoprecipitation method2022Journal of natural products, 05-27, Volume: 85, Issue:5
Discovery of Natural Ursane-type SENP1 Inhibitors and the Platinum Resistance Reversal Activity Against Human Ovarian Cancer Cells: A Structure-Activity Relationship Study.
AID527181Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs2010Journal of natural products, Oct-22, Volume: 73, Issue:10
Cytotoxic Hexacyclic Triterpene Acids from Euscaphis japonica.
AID302036Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 15, Issue:23
Natural triterpenoids from Cecropia lyratiloba are cytotoxic to both sensitive and multidrug resistant leukemia cell lines.
AID458318Inhibition of human recombinant 11beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as reduction of cortisone to cortisol conversion by scintillation counting2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 18, Issue:4
11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 inhibiting constituents from Eriobotrya japonica revealed by bioactivity-guided isolation and computational approaches.
AID1364710Neuroprotective activity in rat C6 cells assessed as induction of nerve growth factor secretion at 20 uM incubated for 24 hrs by ELISA method relative to untreated control2017Journal of natural products, 04-28, Volume: 80, Issue:4
Bioactive Triterpenoids from the Twigs of Chaenomeles sinensis.
AID682481Induction of apoptosis in human 8505C cells after 24 to 48 hrs by DNA laddering assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 56Tormentic acid derivatives: synthesis and apoptotic activity.
AID682465Cytotoxicity against human 8505C cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 56Tormentic acid derivatives: synthesis and apoptotic activity.
AID1868245Reversal of platinum resistance in cisplatin-resistant human SK-OV-3 cells assessed as reduction in cisplatin IC50 after 48 hrs in presence of cisplatin by SRB assay (Rvb = 28.23 microM)2022Journal of natural products, 05-27, Volume: 85, Issue:5
Discovery of Natural Ursane-type SENP1 Inhibitors and the Platinum Resistance Reversal Activity Against Human Ovarian Cancer Cells: A Structure-Activity Relationship Study.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (21)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's2 (9.52)18.2507
2000's1 (4.76)29.6817
2010's6 (28.57)24.3611
2020's12 (57.14)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 27.78

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index27.78 (24.57)
Research Supply Index3.14 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.12 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index31.58 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (27.78)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials1 (4.76%)5.53%
Reviews2 (9.52%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other18 (85.71%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
fluorouracil
Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.		2.1510nucleobase analogue;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source		2.2510chromones;
morpholines;
organochlorine compound		autophagy inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
oxidopamine
Oxidopamine: A neurotransmitter analogue that depletes noradrenergic stores in nerve endings and induces a reduction of dopamine levels in the brain. Its mechanism of action is related to the production of cytolytic free-radicals.. oxidopamine : A benzenetriol that is phenethylamine in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 5 on the phenyl ring are replaced by hydroxy groups. It occurs naturally in human urine, but is also produced as a metabolite of the drug DOPA (used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease).		2.2510benzenetriol;
catecholamine;
primary amino compound		drug metabolite;
human metabolite;
neurotoxin
pd 98059
2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: inhibits MAP kinase kinase (MEK) activity, p42 MAPK and p44 MAPK; structure in first source. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one : A member of the class of monomethoxyflavones that is 3'-methoxyflavone bearing an additional amino substituent at position 2'.		2.2510aromatic amine;
monomethoxyflavone		EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
streptonigrin
[no description available]		3.5110pyridines;
quinolone		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent
vincristine
[no description available]		2.0310acetate ester;
formamides;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent;
drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
plant metabolite;
tubulin modulator
oleanolic acid
[no description available]		2.4420hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		plant metabolite
malondialdehyde
Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.		2.2510dialdehydebiomarker
zidovudine
Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase.		1.9910azide;
pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
ursolic acid
[no description available]		4.2450hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		geroprotector;
plant metabolite
betulinic acid
[no description available]		2.1510hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-HIV agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
plant metabolite
echinocystic acid
[no description available]		3.5110triterpenoid
arjunolic acid
arjunolic acid: oleanane type; isol from Cochlospermum tinctorium (Bixaceae); structure given in first source; RN given refers to (2alpha,3beta,4alpha)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 12/89. arjunolic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is olean-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3 and 23 (the 2alpha,3beta stereoisomer). Isolated from Symplocos lancifolia and Juglans sinensis, it exhibits antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.		1.9910hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite
maslinic acid
(2Alpha,3beta)-2,3-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid: from Luehea divaricata and Agrimonia eupatoria		2.7330dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
uvaol
uvaol: from Vauquelinia corymbosa (Rosaceae)		3.6320triterpenoidmetabolite
asiatic acid
[no description available]		3.5620monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
triol		angiogenesis modulating agent;
metabolite
omega-n-methylarginine
omega-N-Methylarginine: A competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase.. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine : A L-arginine derivative with a N(omega)-methyl substituent.		2.1510amino acid zwitterion;
arginine derivative;
guanidines;
L-arginine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
salvigenin
salvigenin: structure. salvigenin : A trimethoxyflavone that is scutellarein in which the hydroxy groups at positions 4', 6, and 7 are replaced by methoxy groups.		2.2510monohydroxyflavone;
trimethoxyflavone		antilipemic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
autophagy inducer;
hypoglycemic agent;
immunomodulator;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
cirsilineol
cirsilineol: isolated from Thymus carnosus Boiss.. cirsilineol : A trimethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6, 7 and 3' and hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 4' respectively.		2.2510dihydroxyflavone;
trimethoxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
boswellic acid
boswellic acid: ursane type; RN given refers to (3alpha,4beta)-isomer; active principle of salai guggal; see also record for salai guggal		3.5110triterpenoid
scoparianoside b
scoparianoside B: isolated from the fruit of Japanese Kochia scoparia; structure given in first source		3.5110triterpenoid saponin
sitosterol, (3beta)-isomer
Sobatum: tradename; active fraction of Solanum trilobatum; reduces side-effects of radiation-induced toxicity. sitosterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmast-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.		2.05103beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
3beta-sterol;
C29-steroid;
phytosterols;
stigmastane sterol		anticholesteremic drug;
antioxidant;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
sterol methyltransferase inhibitor
pomolic acid
pomolic acid: from Rosa woodsii & Hyptis capitata; structure in first source		3.8530triterpenoidmetabolite
16beta,17-dihydroxy-ent-kaurane-19-oic acid
16beta,17-dihydroxy-ent-kaurane-19-oic acid : A ent-kaurane diterpenoid that is ent-kaurane-19-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 16 and 17 (the 16beta stereoisomer). It is isolated from Helianthus sp. and Annona squamosa and exhibits anti-HIV activity.		2.1510bridged compound;
diol;
ent-kaurane diterpenoid;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
primary alcohol;
tertiary alcohol		anti-HIV agent;
metabolite
ganoderic acid a
[no description available]		2.0510triterpenoid
euscaphic acid
euscaphic acid: isolated from medicinal plant, Euscaphis japonica Pax.; structure; RN given refers to 2alpha,3alpha-isomer. euscaphic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is urs-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3 and 19 respectively (the 2alpha,3alpha-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the leaves of Rosa laevigata.		9.5470hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
triol		plant metabolite
methyl ursolate
methyl ursolate: structure in first source		2.0510
quercetin
[no description available]		2.1107-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
Aurora kinase inhibitor;
chelator;
EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
radical scavenger
tricin
tricin: from Spartina cynosuroides and other plants; structure		2.25103'-methoxyflavones;
dimethoxyflavone;
trihydroxyflavone		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
metabolite
shogaol
shogaol: from ginger, ZINGIBER OFFICINALE; less mutagenic than GINGEROL; structure given in first source		2.1510enone;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenols
lyoniside
daucosterol : A steroid saponin that is sitosterol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has bee isolated from Panax japonicus var. major and Breynia fruticosa.		2.1510beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
steroid saponin		plant metabolite
pyracrenic acid
pyracrenic acid: a lupane from bark of Pyracantha crenulata; structure given in first source		2.1510triterpenoidmetabolite
corosolic acid
[no description available]		4.4260triterpenoidmetabolite
11-keto-boswellic acid
[no description available]		3.6320
betulin-3-caffeate
betulin-3-caffeate: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from Hibiscus syriacus; structure in first source		2.1510
acetyl-11-ketoboswellic acid
acetyl-11-ketoboswellic acid: a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor; structure given in first source		2.0510triterpenoid
2alpha,3beta-dihydroxy-20(29)-lupen-28-oic acid
alphitolic acid: from the aerial parts of Gouania longipetala; structure in first source. 2alpha,3beta-dihydroxy-20(29)-lupen-28-oic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is betulinic acid carrying an additional alpha-hydroxy group at position 2. It has been isolated from Breynia fruticosa.		2.4420dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		plant metabolite
oleanonic acid
oleanonic acid: structure in first source		1.9910
roburic acid
roburic acid : A tetracyclic triterpenoid with formula C30H40O2 that is isolated from the roots of Gentiana dahurica and Gentiana macrophylla.		3.5110monocarboxylic acid;
olefinic compound;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		plant metabolite
rutundic acid
rutundic acid: isolated from the leaves of Hex pupurea; structure in first source		2.0510triterpenoidmetabolite
epi-maslinic acid
epi-maslinic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is 3alpha-hydroxy epimer of maslinic acid. Isolated from Prunella vulgaris and Isodon japonicus, it exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.		2.5220dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
metabolite
2-oxopomolic acid
2-oxopomolic acid: isolated from Polylepis racemosa; structure in first source		1.9910
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Leucocythaemia
[description not available]		02.0310
Leukemia
A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)		02.0310
Sensitivity and Specificity
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)		02.0310
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
[description not available]		03.3310
Cancer of Ovary
[description not available]		03.3310
Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial
A malignant neoplasm that originates in cells on the surface EPITHELIUM of the ovary and is the most common form of ovarian cancer. There are five histologic subtypes: papillary serous, endometrioid, mucinous, clear cell, and transitional cell. Mutations in BRCA1, OPCML, PRKN, PIK3CA, AKT1, CTNNB1, RRAS2, and CDH1 genes are associated with this cancer.		03.3310
Ovarian Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.		03.3310
Idiopathic Parkinson Disease
[description not available]		02.2510
Parkinson Disease
A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)		02.2510
Amyloid Deposits
[description not available]		02.2510
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia
[description not available]		02.2510
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		02.2510
Innate Inflammatory Response
[description not available]		02.2510
Age-Related Memory Disorders
[description not available]		02.2510
Alzheimer Disease
A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)		02.2510
Inflammation
A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.		07.2510
Memory Disorders
Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions.		02.2510