farnesol catabolic process

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the sesquiterpenoid alcohol farnesol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10,dodecatrien-1-ol. [GOC:go_curators]

Farnesol catabolism is a complex metabolic pathway involving the breakdown of the sesquiterpene alcohol farnesol. Farnesol is a ubiquitous molecule with various biological roles, including serving as a precursor for other isoprenoids and acting as a signaling molecule in various organisms. The breakdown of farnesol can proceed through several distinct routes, depending on the organism and cellular context.

In some bacteria, farnesol catabolism begins with oxidation of the primary alcohol group to an aldehyde, followed by further oxidation to a carboxylic acid. The resulting farnesoic acid can then be further metabolized through various pathways, including beta-oxidation.

In eukaryotes, farnesol catabolism is often initiated by the enzyme farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS), which converts farnesol into farnesyl diphosphate (FPP). FPP is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of various isoprenoids, including cholesterol, ubiquinone, and dolichol.

The catabolism of FPP can proceed through different pathways, including the mevalonate pathway, which is a central pathway in isoprenoid biosynthesis. The mevalonate pathway involves a series of enzymatic reactions that convert FPP into various isoprenoid intermediates, ultimately leading to the production of cholesterol and other important molecules.

Farnesol catabolism is essential for the proper functioning of many biological processes, including cell growth, development, and signaling. Its breakdown is tightly regulated, ensuring the appropriate levels of farnesol and its derivatives are maintained. Furthermore, farnesol catabolism is implicated in various disease states, including cancer, and is actively investigated as a potential therapeutic target.'
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (65)