ADP catabolic process

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ADP, adenosine 5'-diphosphate. [GOC:go_curators]

ADP catabolic process is the breakdown of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) into its constituent parts: adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). This process is essential for energy production in cells, as it releases energy that can be used to drive other metabolic reactions.

ADP catabolism is catalyzed by the enzyme adenylate kinase, which facilitates the reversible transfer of a phosphate group from one ADP molecule to another, producing ATP and AMP. This reaction is known as the adenylate kinase reaction.

The breakdown of ADP can occur in various cellular compartments, including the cytoplasm, mitochondria, and nucleus. It is tightly regulated by cellular energy demands, with increased ADP catabolism occurring during periods of high energy expenditure.

ADP catabolism plays a crucial role in several biological processes, including:

* **Energy production:** The breakdown of ADP releases energy that is used to power cellular processes.
* **Signal transduction:** ADP levels can act as a signal to regulate cellular processes, such as gene expression and enzyme activity.
* **Muscle contraction:** ADP is involved in the cycle of muscle contraction and relaxation.

The ADP catabolic process is an essential component of cellular energy metabolism, ensuring a constant supply of energy to meet the demands of cellular functions.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (16)