apolipoprotein A-I receptor binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to an apolipoprotein A-I receptor. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]

Apolipoprotein A-I receptor (AI-receptor) binding is a crucial step in the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) pathway, a process that removes excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues and delivers it to the liver for excretion. The AI-receptor, a member of the scavenger receptor superfamily, is expressed primarily on the surface of hepatocytes, the main cells of the liver. It plays a pivotal role in the uptake of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), the major cholesterol carrier in the blood.

HDL particles, rich in apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), bind to the AI-receptor on hepatocytes. This binding event triggers a series of intracellular signaling events that ultimately lead to the internalization of the HDL particle into the hepatocyte. Once inside the cell, HDL is broken down, and its cholesterol cargo is either excreted into bile or used for other cellular processes.

The binding of apoA-I to the AI-receptor is highly specific and is mediated by a series of interactions between amino acid residues on both the receptor and the apolipoprotein. These interactions are influenced by the conformation of apoA-I, which can change depending on the lipid content of the HDL particle. For instance, apoA-I adopts a distinct conformation when bound to lipid, which enhances its affinity for the AI-receptor.

The interaction between apoA-I and the AI-receptor is essential for maintaining cholesterol homeostasis and protecting against cardiovascular disease. Defects in this process can lead to the accumulation of cholesterol in the blood, increasing the risk of atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and strokes. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of AI-receptor binding is crucial for developing novel therapies targeting cholesterol metabolism and cardiovascular health.'
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (32)