nystatin-a1 and Granuloma

The effects of aqueous and alkaline extracts from Agaricus blazei Murill, an edible mushroom used as folk medicine in Brazil, Japan, and China to treat several illnesses, were investigated on the basis of the inflammatory process induced by different agents. Oral administration of A. blazei extracts marginally inhibited the edema induced by nystatin. In contrast, when complete Freund's adjuvant was used as the inflammatory stimulus, both extracts were able to inhibit this process significantly (P < .05, analysis of variance followed by Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison post hoc test), although it inhibited the granulomatous tissue induction moderately. These extracts were able to decrease the ulcer wounds induced by stress. Also, administration of extracts inhibited neutrophil migration to the exudates present in the peritoneal cavity after carrageenin injection. Therefore, it is possible that A. blazei extracts can be useful in inflammatory diseases because of activation of the immune system and its cells induced by the presence of polysaccharides such as beta-glucans.

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Agaricus; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis; Carrageenan; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Freund's Adjuvant; Granuloma; Male; Neutrophil Infiltration; Nystatin; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stomach Ulcer

Biological rhythms are detected in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions in man and animals, such as rheumatoid arthritis and asthma. Here we describe a circadian rhythm in experimental infectious and non-infectious granuloma. After 30 days of BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) or nystatin inoculation in the left hind foot of C57B1/6 mice, there is an oscillation with a period of approximately 24 hr in the variation of paw thickness, indicating a circadian rhythm. The acrophase occurred during the light phase, between 9:00 and 13:00 hr, while the nadir occurred in the dark phase, between 21:00 and 01:00 hr. The vascular permeability around the granulomatous lesions was higher at 12:00 hr than at 24:00 hr. This is in agreement with the observation that the thickness of a paw with granulomatous lesion is larger during the light phase. This rhythmic variation was eliminated by either pinealectomy or superior cervical ganglionectomy, which greatly reduce melatonin levels in the blood. Nocturnal replacement of melatonin in pinealectomized mice led to the re-establishment of the circadian rhythm. Thus, the rhythm of the granulomatous lesion is due to the rhythmic melatonin release by the pineal gland. This approach opens new questions regarding the modulation of chronic inflammation in inflammatory diseases that present rhythmic symptoms throughout the day.

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Capillary Permeability; Circadian Rhythm; Ganglionectomy; Granuloma; Inflammation; Male; Melatonin; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mycobacterium bovis; Nystatin; Pineal Gland; Superior Cervical Ganglion

Topics: Amphotericin B; Candidiasis, Cutaneous; Candidiasis, Oral; Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal; Contraceptive Agents; Female; Granuloma; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Natamycin; Nystatin; Pregnancy

Topics: Candidiasis; Child, Preschool; Female; Granuloma; Humans; Nystatin

Topics: Candidiasis, Cutaneous; Candidiasis, Oral; Child; Female; Fingers; Granuloma; Humans; Nystatin; Scalp Dermatoses

Topics: Aerosols; Aspergillosis; Aspergillus; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Granuloma; Humans; Leukocytes; Lung; Lung Diseases, Fungal; Nystatin; Radiography; Skin Diseases, Infectious

Topics: Brain Abscess; Brain Diseases; Candidiasis; Candidiasis, Oral; Female; Granuloma; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Intestinal Obstruction; Lung Diseases, Fungal; Male; Nystatin

Topics: Achondroplasia; Amphotericin B; Bronchiectasis; Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous; Candidiasis, Cutaneous; Child; Granuloma; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Nystatin; Organic Chemicals; Pathology