nystatin-a1 and Edema

The current scenario for cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment includes the use of first and second-choice drugs, both therapeutic strategies presenting several adverse effects and being related to an increment of treatment-refractory parasite strains. These facts encourage the search for new treatment approaches, including repositioning drugs, such as nystatin. Although in vitro assays show that this polyene macrolide compound has leishmanicidal activity, no in vivo evidence for a similar activity has been shown so far for the commercial nystatin cream formulation. This work assessed the effects of nystatin cream (25,000 IU/g) administered on mice in an amount to completely cover the paw surface of BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania (L.) amazonensis once a day, until a total of up to 20 doses. The data presented herein points to unequivocal evidence that treatment with this formulation causes a statistically significant reduction of swelling/edema in mice paws when compared to animal groups not submitted to this treatment regimen after the fourth week of infection: lesion sizes at the sixth (p = 0.0159), seventh (p = 0.0079) and eighth (p = 0.0079) week. Furthermore, swelling/edema reduction relates to a decrease in parasite load in the footpad (∼48%) and in draining lymph nodes (∼68%) at eight weeks post-infection. This is the first report of the effectiveness of nystatin cream used as a topical treatment in BALB/c model for cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Topics: Animals; Edema; Leishmania; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Nystatin; Treatment Outcome

The effects of aqueous and alkaline extracts from Agaricus blazei Murill, an edible mushroom used as folk medicine in Brazil, Japan, and China to treat several illnesses, were investigated on the basis of the inflammatory process induced by different agents. Oral administration of A. blazei extracts marginally inhibited the edema induced by nystatin. In contrast, when complete Freund's adjuvant was used as the inflammatory stimulus, both extracts were able to inhibit this process significantly (P < .05, analysis of variance followed by Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison post hoc test), although it inhibited the granulomatous tissue induction moderately. These extracts were able to decrease the ulcer wounds induced by stress. Also, administration of extracts inhibited neutrophil migration to the exudates present in the peritoneal cavity after carrageenin injection. Therefore, it is possible that A. blazei extracts can be useful in inflammatory diseases because of activation of the immune system and its cells induced by the presence of polysaccharides such as beta-glucans.

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Agaricus; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis; Carrageenan; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Freund's Adjuvant; Granuloma; Male; Neutrophil Infiltration; Nystatin; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stomach Ulcer

Cordia verbenacea D.C. (Borraginaceae) is a perennial bush plant that grows widely along the southeastern coast of Brazil. Its leaves have been used in folk medicine for their anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory and cicatrizing activities. We have already described the anti-inflammatory properties of C. verbenacea and its low toxicity in different acute animal models. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity in sub-chronic animal models of a crude leaf lyophilized extract when administered by oral route or topically applied, and concomitantly, its analgesic potency and toxicity to the fetus. Topical administration of the extract inhibited nystatin-induced edema proportionally to the doses used, and this effect at a dose of 4.56 mg/kg body wt. was similar to that observed with 6.0 mg/kg body wt. of naproxen. In miconazole-induced edema, the leaf extract at a dose of 1.24 mg/kg body wt., orally administered, has a very similar effect as compared to nimezulide (2.5 mg/kg body wt.) and dexamethasone (0.2 mg/kg body wt.). At an oral dose of 2.48 mg/kg body wt. the extract showed a very low analgesic effect, and total absence of fetus toxicity at doses of less than 7.44 mg/kg body wt.

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Administration, Oral; Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cordia; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edema; Estrus; Female; Fetus; Male; Miconazole; Nystatin; Pain; Pain Measurement; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Rats; Rats, Wistar

The anti-inflammatory effect of Arnica montana 6cH was evaluated using acute and chronic inflammation models. In the acute, model, carrageenin-induced rat paw oedema, the group treated with Arnica montana 6cH showed 30% inhibition compared to control (P < 0.05). Treatment with Arnica 6cH, 30 min prior to carrageenin, did not produce any inhibition of the inflammatory process. In the chronic model, Nystatin-induced oedema, the group treated 3 days previously with Arnica montana 6cH had reduced inflammation 6 h after the inflammatory agent was applied (P < 0.05). When treatment was given 6 h after Nystatin treatment, there was no significant inhibitory effect. In a model based on histamine-induced increase of vascular permeability, pretreatment with Arnica montana 6cH blocked the action of histamine in increasing vascular permeability.

Topics: Acute Disease; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arnica; Carrageenan; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edema; Foot Diseases; Granulation Tissue; Inflammation; Male; Nystatin; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors

The possible anti-inflammatory activity of the 90% ethanolic extract of Dalbergia sissoo leaves (DSELE) was studied in different models of inflammation in rats after oral administration at doses of 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg. DSELE significantly inhibited carrageenin, kaolin and nystatin-induced paw oedema, as well as the weight of granuloma induced by a cotton pellet. It also inhibited dye leakage in acetic acid-induced vascular permeability test in mice. DSELE was devoid of ulcerogenic effect on the gastric mucosa of rats in acute and chronic tests. In acute toxicity studies, it was found to be safe up to 10.125 g/kg, p.o. in the rat. It was concluded that the D. sissoo leaf extract possessed significant anti-inflammatory activity (in acute, sub-acute and chronic models of inflammation) without any side effect on gastric mucosa.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Capillary Permeability; Carrageenan; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edema; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Kaolin; Male; Mice; Nystatin; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Plants, Medicinal; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rosales

A 64-year-old woman had severe vulvovaginitis develop while she was receiving intravaginal nystatin therapy for Candida glabrata infection. Mucocutaneous adverse effects have rarely been reported with nystatin despite long years of use. This complication should be included in the differential diagnosis of clinical failure of intravaginal nystatin therapy.

Topics: Administration, Intravaginal; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antifungal Agents; Betamethasone; Candidiasis; Edema; Erythema; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Middle Aged; Nystatin; Vulvovaginitis

The vegetal species Pterodon emarginatus Vog. (Leguminosae/Papilonaceae), popularly known in Brazil as 'sucupira branca', is widely used by domestic medicine as an anti-inflammatory. From these observations, the hexanic crude extract (HCE) of the fruits was obtained and submitted for assessment of its anti-inflammatory activity. For this purpose, the following tests were used: (1) Determination of ED50 and LD50; (2) Paw edema induced by carrageenin, dextran, histamine and nystatin; (3) Peritonitis caused by carrageenin and (4) Granuloma test. The ED50 (oral) in the edema induced by carrageenin was 500 mg/kg, and LD50 (oral) was 4.02 g/kg. In the edema caused by nystatin, there was a significant inhibition by 45% (P < 0.05 student's t-test) at the 6th hour following the treatment. In the granuloma test performed in animals treated with HCE, there was an inhibition of the granulomatous tissue formation by 22%. The migration of neutrophils towards the peritoneal cavity was inhibited in HCE treated animals by 43% (P < 0.05). However, in the edema caused by dextran and histamine, there was no significant response in HCE treated animals.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Carrageenan; Dextrans; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edema; Fabaceae; Fruit; Male; Mice; Nystatin; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Rats; Rats, Wistar

Fepradinol is an effective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. The effect on rat paw oedema induced by various phlogistic agents was investigated. The inhibitory effect of fepradinol (25 mg kg-1, p.o.) on dextran-induced oedema was nearly equal to that of cyproheptadine (10 mg kg-1, p.o.). On oedema induced by platelet-activating factor only fepradinol (25 mg kg-1, p.o.) and phenidone (100 mg kg-1, p.o.) clearly inhibited the inflammatory process. Both the above induced oedemas are thought to be unrelated to prostaglandins in the rat system and therefore, the anti-inflammatory activity against them is not shared by selective cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors. Fepradinol (25 mg kg-1, p.o.) displayed an inhibitory effect on the early and late stage of kaolin- and nystatin-induced oedemas in contrast with indomethacin (10 mg kg-1, p.o.) and piroxicam (10 mg kg-1, p.o.) which only inhibited the late stage. The results obtained in this study confirm that fepradinol is a potent anti-inflammatory agent and indicate that its mechanism of action is different from that of other anti-inflammatory compounds.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Dextrans; Edema; Ethanolamines; Foot; Kaolin; Male; Nystatin; Platelet Activating Factor; Rats; Rats, Wistar

We investigated the effect of the administration of rat parathyroid hormone-(1-34) on acute or chronic inflammatory processes in different experimental animal models. Fragment 1-34 of parathyroid hormone had an inhibitory effect in all inflammatory acute tests. The dose-response experiments showed that the maximal anti-inflammatory and anti-exudative effects appeared at the dose of 3.30 and 0.33 micrograms/kg, respectively. The anti-inflammatory effect was observed in the first phase of the inflammatory process. In the carrageenin-induced edema test the anti-inflammatory activity began to decline after 180 min. In contrast, this peptide was inactive in the inflammatory chronic test we used.

Topics: Acetates; Acetic Acid; Animals; Carrageenan; Edema; Inflammation; Male; Nystatin; Parathyroid Hormone; Peptide Fragments; Peritonitis; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serotonin; Substance P; Teriparatide

A series of 4-hydroxy-(or-amino)-ethyl-amino butyrophenones or butyrothienones were synthesized. For detail studies on antiinflammatory effects, gamma-(2-aminoethylamino)-2-butyrothienone (gamma-ABT) was chosen as representative of these new non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAID). The effect on mouse paw edema induced by various phlogistic agents was first investigated. The inhibitory effect of gamma-ABT on carrageenin-induced edema was remarkable and nearly equal to that of indometacin. Similarly to indometacin, gamma-ABT inhibited the early and late stage of yeast-induced edema in contrast to concanavalin A (Con A) induced edema which was only inhibited by gamma-ABT. Both the above induced edema are supposed to be unrelated to prostaglandins in the rat system. gamma-ABT displayed an inhibitory effect on nystatin-induced edema similar to indometacin suggesting that gamma-ABT has significant membrane stabilizing action and a strong blocking action on synthesis of prostaglandins. gamma-ABT inhibited as well the sustained edema induced by mustard. In conclusion gamma-ABT is an effective agent not only on acute but also on subacute and chronic inflammation and its mode of action appears similar to other NSAID. gamma-ABT posses in addition the advantage of antioxidant activity which is not shared by selective cyclooxygenase inhibitors and thus should be potentially effective in autoimmune diseases.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Carrageenan; Concanavalin A; Edema; Female; Foot; Indomethacin; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mustard Plant; Nystatin; Plant Lectins; Plants, Medicinal; Thiophenes; Yeasts

ST 679 dose-dependently inhibited carrageenan-, concanavalin A-, and nystatin-induced oedema. Studies in rats with adjuvant arthritis showed that a long dosing regimen inhibited primary and secondary lesions. ST 679 was significantly active in reducing the severity of the already established disease and, when given in a short course at the time of adjuvant injection, permanently prevented the development of secondary lesions. Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in guinea-pigs was not affected by ST 679.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Experimental; Carrageenan; Concanavalin A; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Edema; Female; Glycine; Inflammation; Nystatin; Pyrroles; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains

In rats, the anti-inflammatory activity of parenteral S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe) in carrageenin- and nystatin-induced oedemas and in carrageenin-induced pleurisy was tested. The capability of the drug to inhibit the production of PG-like material in sponge exudates and by peritoneal leukocytes during bacterial phagocytosis was also evaluated. Two of these experimental models were used to administer the compound by the oral route in order to see whether oral and injected SAMe had similar effects. The results obtained show that SAMe can exert anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the oedema and pleurisy in rats and PG-like material production in inflammatory exudates and in the phagocytosis process by leukocytes. The mechanism of action of SAMe is discussed.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Carrageenan; Edema; Hydrocortisone; Indomethacin; Inflammation; Male; Nystatin; Pleurisy; Prostaglandins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; S-Adenosylmethionine

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Diterpenes; Edema; Male; Muramidase; Nystatin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis; Arthritis, Experimental; Carrageenan; Copper; Edema; Inflammation; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Nystatin; Rats

The effect of synthetic salmon calcitonin was studied on adjuvant arthritis, pertussis vaccine edema, tuberculin skin reaction, passive direct Arthus reaction and nystatin edema. The results show that calcitonin inhibits these inflammatory processes.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis, Experimental; Arthus Reaction; Calcitonin; Dermatitis, Atopic; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Inflammation; Nystatin; Pertussis Vaccine; Rats; Time Factors; Tuberculin

Subplantar injection of nystatin into the rat paw induces acute paw oedema of long duration. In this test the anti-inflammatory activity of alpha-methyl-4-(2-thienylcarbonyl)benzeneacetic acid (suprofen) has been studied using doses from 1.25 up to 160 mg/kg. The lowest dose significantly reducing paw diameter increases was 2.5 mg/kg; more intense and longer lasting reductions appeared progressively with increasing doses. The dose producing 50% inhibition of diameter increase was 2.70 mg/kg 1 h and 1.5 h after administration (lowest ED50). Comparative lowest ED50-values for simultaneously tested reference compounds were 6.2 mg/kg for indometacin, 34 mg/kg for phenylbutazone and 38 mg/kg for acetyl-salicylic acid. Within the first 2 h after administration suprofen exhibited anti-inflammatory activity from 2 to 14 times as potent as did the reference compounds.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Aspirin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Edema; Hindlimb; Indomethacin; Male; Nystatin; Phenylbutazone; Phenylpropionates; Rats; Thiophenes; Time Factors

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Aspirin; Betamethasone; Carrageenan; Dexamethasone; Edema; Female; Glucuronidase; Hexosaminidases; Indomethacin; Inflammation; Lysosomes; Methotrexate; Nystatin; Phenylbutazone; Prednisolone; Rats; Time Factors

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Arthritis; Aspirin; Azathioprine; Chloramphenicol; Cyclophosphamide; Dexamethasone; Drug Antagonism; Edema; Hydrocortisone; Immunosuppressive Agents; Indomethacin; Inflammation; Male; Mefenamic Acid; Mercaptopurine; Nystatin; Phenylacetates; Phenylbutazone; Prednisolone; Rats; Rifampin; Triamcinolone

Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Female; Inflammation; Nystatin; Rats

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cyanosis; Drug Eruptions; Drug Hypersensitivity; Edema; Episiotomy; Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate; Female; Fever; Hearing Disorders; Humans; Hysterectomy; Neomycin; Nystatin; Penicillins; Postoperative Care; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Ectopic; Streptomycin; Tetracycline