nystatin-a1 and 1-1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl

The search for antibacterial agents for the combat of nosocomial infections is a timely problem, as antibiotic-resistant bacteria continue to thrive. The effect of indoline substituents on the antibacterial properties of aminoalkylphenols was studied, leading to the development of a library of compounds with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) as low as 1.18 μM. Two novel aminoalkylphenols were identified as particularly promising, after MIC and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) determination against a panel of reference strain Gram-positive bacteria, and further confirmed against 40 clinical isolates (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, and Listeria monocytogenes). The same two aminoalkylphenols displayed low toxicity against two in vivo models (Artemia salina brine shrimp and Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation (on human keratinocytes and human embryonic lung fibroblast cell lines) of the same compounds was also carried out. They demonstrated a particularly toxic effect on the fibroblast cell lines, with IC

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antioxidants; Artemia; Biphenyl Compounds; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Humans; Indoles; Mannich Bases; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Structure; Phenols; Picrates; Structure-Activity Relationship

Infectious diseases caused by fungi are still a major threat to public health, despite numerous efforts by researchers. Use of ethnopharmacological knowledge is one attractive way to reduce empiricism and enhance the probability of success in new drug-finding efforts. In this work, the total alkaloid compounds (AC) from Sida cordifolia L. (Malvaceae) have been investigated for their free radical scavenging capacity, antifungal and immunostimulatory properties.. The antifungal activity was investigated against five candida strains using the microplate dilution method and the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) of compounds was evaluated. The antioxidant activity of the samples was evaluate using three separate methods, at last, the immunostimulatory effect on immunosuppressed wistar rats was performed.. As for the antifungal activity, result varied according to microorganism. The results obtained in this antifungal activity were interesting and indicated a synergistic effect between alkaloid compounds and the antifungal references such as Nystatin and Clotrimazole. Antioxidant capacity noticed that the reduction capacity of DPPH radicals obtained the best result comparatively to the others methods of free radical scavenging. Our results showed a low immunostimulatory effect and this result could be explained by the lack of biologically active antioxidants such as polyphenol compounds lowly contained in the alkaloid compounds.. The results of this study showed that alkaloid compounds in combination with antifungal references (Nystatin and Clotrimazole) exhibited antimicrobial effects against candida strains tested. The results supported the utilization of these plants in infectious diseases particularly in treatment of candida infections.

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Alkaloids; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Candida; Clotrimazole; Cyclosporine; Drug Combinations; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Synergism; Female; Free Radical Scavengers; Immunity; Immunocompromised Host; Male; Malvaceae; Mice; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nystatin; Phytotherapy; Picrates; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Toxicity Tests, Acute

Six new triterpenes (1- 6) and four known compounds have been isolated from dried stems and leaves of Melissa officinalis. The known compounds were identified as quadranoside III, salvianic acid A, rosmarinic acid, and luteolin. The structures of compounds 1- 6 were established by analysis of spectroscopic data. Free radical scavenging and antimicrobial activities of the extracts and of rosmarinic acid, the major component, were evaluated.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Antioxidants; Biphenyl Compounds; Free Radical Scavengers; Italy; Melissa; Molecular Structure; Picrates; Plant Leaves; Plant Stems; Plants, Medicinal; Triterpenes

In the present study, essential oil from the leaves of Syrian oreganum [Origanum syriacum L. (Lauraceae)] grown in Turkish state forests of the Dortyol district, Turkey, was obtained by steam distillation. The chemical composition of oil was analysed by GC and GC-MS, and was found to contain 49.02% monoterpenes, 36.60% oxygenated monoterpenes and 12.59% sesquiterpenes. The major components are as follows: gamma-terpinene, carvacrol, p-cymene and beta-caryophyllene. Subsequently, the reducing power, antioxidant and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activities of the essential oil were studied. The reducing power was compared with ascorbic acid, and the other activities were compared with 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl phenol (BHT, butylated hydroxytoluene). The results showed that the activities were concentration dependent. The antioxidant activities of the oil were slightly lower than those of ascorbic acid or BHT, so the oil can be considered an effective natural antioxidant. Antimicrobial activities of the essential oil from the leaves of Origanum syriacum was also determined on 16 microorganisms tested using the agar-disc diffusion method, and showed antimicrobial activity against 13 of these.

Topics: Ampicillin; Anti-Infective Agents; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Biphenyl Compounds; Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; Cymenes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Escherichia coli; Free Radical Scavengers; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Micrococcus luteus; Monoterpenes; Nystatin; Oils, Volatile; Origanum; Picrates; Plant Leaves; Plant Oils; Plants, Medicinal; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptomycin; Turkey