nystatin-a1 and Leukemia-P388

Chemical investigation of the Australian plant Haemodorum simplex resulted in the isolation of three new phenylphenalenones, haemodorone (10), haemodorol (11), and haemodorose (12), together with the previously reported compounds 5, dilatrin (6), and xiphidone (8). The first complete 2D NMR characterization for all of the compounds isolated, including several chemical shift reassignments for dilatrin (6), is reported. In addition this is one of the few reports to discuss the isolation of new phenylphenalenones from an Australian medicinal plant. The crude extract of both the bulbaceous and aerial components of the plant exhibited varying degrees of antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activity, and only the bulbs displayed potent cytotoxic activity.

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Australia; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Leukemia P388; Magnoliopsida; Mice; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Structure; Phenalenes; Plants, Medicinal; Poliovirus; Simplexvirus

By bioactivity-directed fractionation, three new antimicrobial and cytotoxic 5,6-dihydro-alpha-pyrones, pectinolides A-C, have been isolated from Hyptis pectinata (Lamiaceae). The absolute stereochemistry of pectinolide A [1] was established as 6S-[(3S-acetyloxy)-1Z-heptenyl]-5S-(acetyloxy)-5 ,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, on the basis of spectral, chiroptical, and chemical evidence. The structures of pectinolides B [2] and C [3] were determined as the monodeacetylated forms of 1 by comparison of their spectral data and chemical correlation with the prototype compound. Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis were sensitive to pectinolide A [1] in the concentration range of 6.25-12.5 micrograms/ml. Compounds 1-3 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity (ED50 < 4 micrograms/ml) against a variety of tumor cell lines.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Antifungal Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Bacteria; Candida albicans; Humans; Leukemia P388; Mice; Pyrones; Tumor Cells, Cultured