Page last updated: 2024-08-07 23:20:59
Galectin-3
A galectin-3 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P17931]
Synonyms
Gal-3;
35 kDa lectin;
Carbohydrate-binding protein 35;
CBP 35;
Galactose-specific lectin 3;
Galactoside-binding protein;
GALBP;
IgE-binding protein;
L-31;
Laminin-binding protein;
Lectin L-29;
Mac-2 antigen
Research
Bioassay Publications (16)
| Timeframe | Studies on this Protein(%) | All Drugs % |
|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 4 (25.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 7 (43.75) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 5 (31.25) | 2.80 |
Compounds (9)
Drugs with Inhibition Measurements
| Drug | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Publication(s) |
|---|
| lactose | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 800.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| galactose | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 50,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
Drugs with Activation Measurements
Drugs with Other Measurements
Benzimidazole-galactosides bind selectively to the Galectin-8 N-Terminal domain: Structure-based design and optimisation.European journal of medicinal chemistry, , Nov-05, Volume: 223, 2021
Synthetic 1,2,3-triazole-linked glycoconjugates bind with high affinity to human galectin-3.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, , Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13, 2015
Elements and modulation of functional dynamics.Journal of medicinal chemistry, , Oct-09, Volume: 57, Issue:19, 2014
Synthesis of stable and selective inhibitors of human galectins-1 and -3.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, , Aug-15, Volume: 16, Issue:16, 2008
Galectin-inhibitory thiodigalactoside ester derivatives have antimigratory effects in cultured lung and prostate cancer cells.Journal of medicinal chemistry, , Dec-25, Volume: 51, Issue:24, 2008
Aryl O- and S-galactosides and lactosides as specific inhibitors of human galectins-1 and -3: role of electrostatic potential at O-3.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, , Mar-15, Volume: 16, Issue:6, 2006
Benzimidazole-galactosides bind selectively to the Galectin-8 N-Terminal domain: Structure-based design and optimisation.European journal of medicinal chemistry, , Nov-05, Volume: 223, 2021
Structure-Guided Design of d-Galactal Derivatives with High Affinity and Selectivity for the Galectin-8 N-Terminal Domain.ACS medicinal chemistry letters, , Nov-11, Volume: 12, Issue:11, 2021
[no title available]ACS medicinal chemistry letters, , Jan-09, Volume: 11, Issue:1, 2020
Aminopyrimidine-galactose hybrids are highly selective galectin-3 inhibitors.MedChemComm, , Jun-01, Volume: 10, Issue:6, 2019
Synthesis and evaluation of iminocoumaryl and coumaryl derivatized glycosides as galectin antagonists.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, , Aug-01, Volume: 24, Issue:15, 2014
1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl thiodigalactoside derivatives as high affinity galectin-3 inhibitors.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, , Jul-15, Volume: 18, Issue:14, 2010
Synthesis of stable and selective inhibitors of human galectins-1 and -3.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, , Aug-15, Volume: 16, Issue:16, 2008
Protein subtype-targeting through ligand epimerization: talose-selectivity of galectin-4 and galectin-8.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, , Jul-01, Volume: 18, Issue:13, 2008
Novel Selective Galectin-3 Antagonists Are Cytotoxic to Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.Journal of medicinal chemistry, , 04-28, Volume: 65, Issue:8, 2022
A Selective Galactose-Coumarin-Derived Galectin-3 Inhibitor Demonstrates Involvement of Galectin-3-glycan Interactions in a Pulmonary Fibrosis Model.Journal of medicinal chemistry, , 09-08, Volume: 59, Issue:17, 2016
Tuning the preference of thiodigalactoside- and lactosamine-based ligands to galectin-3 over galectin-1.Journal of medicinal chemistry, , Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3, 2013
1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl thiodigalactoside derivatives as high affinity galectin-3 inhibitors.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, , Jul-15, Volume: 18, Issue:14, 2010
Galectin-inhibitory thiodigalactoside ester derivatives have antimigratory effects in cultured lung and prostate cancer cells.Journal of medicinal chemistry, , Dec-25, Volume: 51, Issue:24, 2008
Synthesis and evaluation of iminocoumaryl and coumaryl derivatized glycosides as galectin antagonists.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, , Aug-01, Volume: 24, Issue:15, 2014
Synthesis of stable and selective inhibitors of human galectins-1 and -3.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, , Aug-15, Volume: 16, Issue:16, 2008
Synthesis of stable and selective inhibitors of human galectins-1 and -3.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, , Aug-15, Volume: 16, Issue:16, 2008
Aryl O- and S-galactosides and lactosides as specific inhibitors of human galectins-1 and -3: role of electrostatic potential at O-3.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, , Mar-15, Volume: 16, Issue:6, 2006
Enables
This protein enables 10 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|
| RNA binding | molecular function | Binding to an RNA molecule or a portion thereof. [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
| protein phosphatase inhibitor activity | molecular function | Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a protein phosphatase. [GOC:ai] |
| protein binding | molecular function | Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators] |
| IgE binding | molecular function | Binding to an immunoglobulin of the IgE isotype. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
| protein phosphatase binding | molecular function | Binding to a protein phosphatase. [GOC:jl] |
| carbohydrate binding | molecular function | Binding to a carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates. [GOC:mah] |
| chemoattractant activity | molecular function | Providing the environmental signal that initiates the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of that signal. [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] |
| laminin binding | molecular function | Binding to a laminin, a major glycoprotein constituent of the basement membrane of cells. [GOC:ecd] |
| molecular condensate scaffold activity | molecular function | Binding and bringing together two or more macromolecules in contact, permitting those molecules to organize as a molecular condensate. [PMID:28225081] |
| disaccharide binding | molecular function | Binding to a disaccharide. Disaccharides are sugars composed of two monosaccharide units. [GOC:jid] |
Located In
This protein is located in 15 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|
| immunological synapse | cellular component | An area of close contact between a lymphocyte (T-, B-, or natural killer cell) and a target cell formed through the clustering of particular signaling and adhesion molecules and their associated membrane rafts on both the lymphocyte and the target cell and facilitating activation of the lymphocyte, transfer of membrane from the target cell to the lymphocyte, and in some situations killing of the target cell through release of secretory granules and/or death-pathway ligand-receptor interaction. [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:11244041, PMID:11376300] |
| extracellular region | cellular component | The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. [GOC:go_curators] |
| extracellular space | cellular component | That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid. [ISBN:0198547684] |
| nucleus | cellular component | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators] |
| nucleoplasm | cellular component | That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus. [GOC:ma, ISBN:0124325653] |
| cytoplasm | cellular component | The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684] |
| mitochondrial inner membrane | cellular component | The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae. [GOC:ai] |
| cytosol | cellular component | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. [GOC:hjd, GOC:jl] |
| plasma membrane | cellular component | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363] |
| cell surface | cellular component | The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sm] |
| membrane | cellular component | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it and attached to it. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
| secretory granule membrane | cellular component | The lipid bilayer surrounding a secretory granule. [GOC:mah] |
| collagen-containing extracellular matrix | cellular component | An extracellular matrix consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that provides not only essential physical scaffolding for the cellular constituents but can also initiate crucial biochemical and biomechanical cues required for tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and homeostasis. The components are secreted by cells in the vicinity and form a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rph, PMID:21123617] |
| extracellular exosome | cellular component | A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:vesicles, PMID:15908444, PMID:17641064, PMID:19442504, PMID:19498381, PMID:22418571, PMID:24009894] |
| ficolin-1-rich granule membrane | cellular component | The lipid bilayer surrounding a ficolin-1-rich granule. [GOC:mec, PMID:23650620] |
Active In
This protein is active in 4 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|
| cytoplasm | cellular component | The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684] |
| immunological synapse | cellular component | An area of close contact between a lymphocyte (T-, B-, or natural killer cell) and a target cell formed through the clustering of particular signaling and adhesion molecules and their associated membrane rafts on both the lymphocyte and the target cell and facilitating activation of the lymphocyte, transfer of membrane from the target cell to the lymphocyte, and in some situations killing of the target cell through release of secretory granules and/or death-pathway ligand-receptor interaction. [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:11244041, PMID:11376300] |
| nucleus | cellular component | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators] |
| extracellular space | cellular component | That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid. [ISBN:0198547684] |
Part Of
This protein is part of 1 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|
| spliceosomal complex | cellular component | Any of a series of ribonucleoprotein complexes that contain snRNA(s) and small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), and are formed sequentially during the spliceosomal splicing of one or more substrate RNAs, and which also contain the RNA substrate(s) from the initial target RNAs of splicing, the splicing intermediate RNA(s), to the final RNA products. During cis-splicing, the initial target RNA is a single, contiguous RNA transcript, whether mRNA, snoRNA, etc., and the released products are a spliced RNA and an excised intron, generally as a lariat structure. During trans-splicing, there are two initial substrate RNAs, the spliced leader RNA and a pre-mRNA. [GOC:editors, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:19239890] |
Involved In
This protein is involved in 23 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|
| monocyte chemotaxis | biological process | The movement of a monocyte in response to an external stimulus. [GOC:add, PMID:11696603, PMID:15173832] |
| mRNA processing | biological process | Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide. [GOC:mah] |
| RNA splicing | biological process | The process of removing sections of the primary RNA transcript to remove sequences not present in the mature form of the RNA and joining the remaining sections to form the mature form of the RNA. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah] |
| neutrophil chemotaxis | biological process | The directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
| epithelial cell differentiation | biological process | The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell, any of the cells making up an epithelium. [GOC:ecd, PMID:11839751] |
| positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein complex assembly. [GOC:mah] |
| regulation of T cell proliferation | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell proliferation. [GOC:jl] |
| innate immune response | biological process | Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:ebc, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
| negative regulation of endocytosis | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endocytosis. [GOC:go_curators] |
| eosinophil chemotaxis | biological process | The movement of an eosinophil in response to an external stimulus. [GOC:jid, PMID:11292027, PMID:12391252] |
| macrophage chemotaxis | biological process | The movement of a macrophage in response to an external stimulus. [GOC:jid] |
| negative regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell. [GOC:ai] |
| positive chemotaxis | biological process | The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of a chemical. [GOC:ai, GOC:bf, GOC:isa_complete] |
| regulation of T cell apoptotic process | biological process | Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of T cell death by apoptotic process. [GOC:add, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, ISBN:0781765196] |
| mononuclear cell migration | biological process | The movement of a mononuclear cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body. [GOC:mah] |
| positive regulation of mononuclear cell migration | biological process | Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of mononuclear cell migration. Mononuclear cell migration is the movement of a mononuclear cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body. [GOC:mah] |
| positive regulation of calcium ion import | biological process | Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into a cell or organelle. [GOC:BHF] |
| regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:17245429] |
| positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to plasma membrane. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:11602640] |
| negative regulation of protein tyrosine phosphatase activity | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein tyrosine phosphatase activity. [GO_REF:0000059, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:11129957] |
| negative regulation of immunological synapse formation | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of immunological synapse formation. [GOC:obol] |
| negative regulation of T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell. [GOC:obol] |
| negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis] |