rifampin and Leishmaniasis

The control of leishmaniases, a complex parasitic disease caused by the protozoan parasite

Topics: Amphotericin B; Animals; Antimony; Antiprotozoal Agents; Betulinic Acid; Biocompatible Materials; Chitosan; Curcumin; Drug Carriers; Drug Compounding; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Leishmaniasis; Leishmaniasis Vaccines; Macrophages; Nanoparticles; Paromomycin; Pentacyclic Triterpenes; Polymers; Rifampin; Selenium; Thiomalates; Titanium; Triterpenes; Ursolic Acid

Topics: Allopurinol; Aminoquinolines; Antimony; Antimony Sodium Gluconate; Cryosurgery; Humans; Leishmaniasis; Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous; Levamisole; Liposomes; Meglumine; Meglumine Antimoniate; Metronidazole; Nifurtimox; Organometallic Compounds; Phenothiazines; Rifampin

In a small-scale preliminary trial of oral rifampicin treatment was considered successful in six out of eight cutaneous leishmaniasis patients and probably effective in a seventh. The in vitro effect of rifampicin on leishmania organisms concerns inhibition of mitochondrial function or replication. The need for protozoological control in the assessment of treatment is stressed.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Leishmaniasis; Male; Rifampin

Topics: Drug Therapy, Combination; Ethiopia; Humans; Isoniazid; Leishmaniasis; Rifampin

Topics: Adult; Dapsone; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Infections; Leishmaniasis; Leprostatic Agents; Leprosy, Multibacillary; Male; Minocycline; Mycobacterium leprae; Ofloxacin; Palate; Prednisone; Rifampin; Strongyloidiasis; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antimony Sodium Gluconate; Biopsy; Female; Humans; Isoniazid; Ketoconazole; Leishmaniasis; Levamisole; Male; Rifampin; Ultraviolet Therapy

In an uncontrolled study, the effectiveness of rifampicin was assessed in cutaneous leishmaniasis. Twelve of 15 patients (80%) showed good response. The treatment ranged from 2 to 12 weeks. Tolerance of the drug was excellent and apart from red discolouration of the urine, no other side effects were encountered. Rifampicin appears to have a place in the management of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Leishmaniasis; Male; Rifampin

Topics: Adult; B-Lymphocytes; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Leishmaniasis; Levamisole; Male; Metronidazole; Middle Aged; Rifampin; T-Lymphocytes

A patient with dermal leishmaniasis subsequent to kala-azar was treated with sodium stibogluconate, but the condition did not improve. The patient was then treated with rifampin which has not been used to treat this condition in the past. All clinical features cleared spontaneously by six weeks. No overt disease was noted during the next three months. Rifampin can therefore be used to treat post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis when standard procedures are ineffective.

Topics: Adult; Humans; Leishmaniasis; Leishmaniasis, Visceral; Male; Rifampin; Skin

Topics: Amphotericin B; Animals; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ketoconazole; Leishmaniasis; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Rifampin

Topics: Antimony; Antiprotozoal Agents; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Leishmaniasis; Male; Organometallic Compounds; Rifampin; Succimer

The treatment of the complex of diseases known as leishmaniasis, caused by infection with protozoal parasites, is often unsatisfactory. The response to chemotherapy depends not only on the species of infecting Leishmania but also on the immune reactions of the host. This creates difficulties in evaluating any new drug in clinical trials. In a Brazilian patient with diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis, which classical antileishmanial drugs had failed to cure, antituberculous therapy of an intercurrent mycobacterial infection produced a striking remission of the leishmanial skin lesions. Subsequent studies in mice infected with the strain of L. mexicana amazonensis isolated from this patient showed that para-aminosalicylic acid was inactive and both rifampicin and isoniazid had only a moderate beneficial action. However, a pronounced degree of potentiation was observed when rifampicin and isoniazid were administered in combination. Clinical trials of this combination are recommended in further patients, as well as experimental studies on other antimycobacterial agents, alone and in various combinations.

Topics: Brazil; Drug Synergism; Humans; Isoniazid; Leishmania; Leishmaniasis; Male; Rifampin; Tuberculosis

Topics: Adult; Ethambutol; Humans; Isoniazid; Leishmaniasis; Male; Rifampin

Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Leishmaniasis; Male; Rifampin

A study is described which aimed at assessing the efficacy of rifampicin in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. A total of thirteen patients suffering from this condition were admitted to the study and were given rifampicin 600 mg daily. Three patients dropped out due to reasons unconnected with the trial and one patient left when the lesions improved appreciably and continued treatment abroad. The remaining patients continued under treatment until clinical resolution was attained, and this occurred in a period of one to four months. The author was impressed by the marked clinical resolution and the lack of scarring and side-effects, and recommends that further trials be carried out in the endemic areas where more cases can readily be found, treated and ovserved for longer periods of time than in this study.

Topics: Adult; Child; Humans; Leishmaniasis; Middle Aged; Rifampin

Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Leishmaniasis; Rifampin

Different kinds of Phlebotomus, which are responsible for the infectiousness of cutaneous leishmaniasis, have been identified at different places in Europe. The pathogenic agent, Leishmania tropica, essentially linked to climatic circumstances, seems slowly to gain ground north of the Mediterranean Sea. The chance of having an autochthonous case in Ticino (Southern Switzerland) is existing. A treatment with Rifampicin has been successful.

Topics: Adult; Humans; Leishmaniasis; Male; Rifampin; Switzerland

Topics: Humans; Leishmaniasis; Metronidazole; Rifampin

Topics: Animals; Cell Movement; Diptera; Humans; Immune Sera; Leishmania; Leishmaniasis; Rabbits; Rifampin; Rodent Diseases; Rodentia