Page last updated: 2024-10-24

corticosterone secretion

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The regulated release of corticosterone into the circulatory system. Corticosterone is a 21-carbon steroid hormone of the corticosteroid type produced in the cortex of the adrenal glands. [GOC:sl]

Corticosterone secretion is a complex physiological process involving multiple organs and signaling pathways, primarily regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is a neuroendocrine feedback loop that responds to stress and maintains homeostasis.

**1. Stress Perception and Hypothalamus:**
Stressful stimuli, including physical, psychological, or environmental stressors, are detected by the central nervous system. This information reaches the hypothalamus, a brain region responsible for regulating numerous bodily functions.

**2. CRH Release from Hypothalamus:**
In response to stress, the hypothalamus releases corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), a key mediator of the HPA axis. CRH acts as a messenger, traveling through the bloodstream to the pituitary gland.

**3. ACTH Release from Pituitary:**
Upon receiving CRH, the anterior pituitary gland releases adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). ACTH functions as a signal to stimulate the adrenal glands, located atop the kidneys.

**4. Adrenal Gland Stimulation and Corticosterone Synthesis:**
ACTH binds to receptors on the adrenal cortex, specifically the zona fasciculata layer. This binding triggers a cascade of enzymatic reactions, ultimately leading to the synthesis and release of corticosterone.

**5. Corticosterone Actions and Negative Feedback:**
Corticosterone, a glucocorticoid hormone, exerts its effects on various target tissues, including the brain, liver, immune system, and cardiovascular system. It plays a crucial role in stress response, glucose metabolism, immune regulation, and inflammation suppression.

**6. Negative Feedback Loop:**
As corticosterone levels rise, they exert a negative feedback effect on the HPA axis. Corticosterone binds to receptors in the hypothalamus and pituitary, reducing the production of CRH and ACTH, respectively. This negative feedback loop helps maintain homeostasis by preventing excessive corticosterone secretion.

**Overall, corticosterone secretion is a tightly regulated process orchestrated by the HPA axis. This complex interaction ensures a coordinated response to stress, allowing the body to adapt and maintain equilibrium.**'
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Proteins (1)

ProteinDefinitionTaxonomy
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1A voltage-gated potassium channel subunit KCNQ1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:CNA, UniProtKB:P51787]Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (41)

CompoundDefinitionClassesRoles
N-(2-aminoethyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamidenaphthalenes;
sulfonic acid derivative
alfuzosinalfuzosin: structure given in first sourcemonocarboxylic acid amide;
quinazolines;
tetrahydrofuranol
alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent
lamotrigine1,2,4-triazines;
dichlorobenzene;
primary arylamine
anticonvulsant;
antidepressant;
antimanic drug;
calcium channel blocker;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
xenobiotic
duloxetineduloxetine
nelfinavirnelfinavir : An aryl sulfide that is used (as its mesylate salt) for treatment of HIV and also exhibits some anticancer properties.

Nelfinavir: A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children.
aryl sulfide;
benzamides;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
phenols;
secondary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound
antineoplastic agent;
HIV protease inhibitor
nebivolol2,2'-iminobis[1-(6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)ethanol] : A member of the class of chromanes that is 2,2'-iminodiethanol in which one hydrogen attached to each hydroxy-bearing carbon is replaced by a 6-fluorochroman-2-yl group.chromanes;
diol;
organofluorine compound;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
uk 68798aromatic ether;
sulfonamide;
tertiary amino compound
anti-arrhythmia drug;
potassium channel blocker
doripenemDoripenem: A carbapenem derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of infections such as HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA, and complicated intra-abdominal or urinary-tract infections, including PYELONEPHRITIS.carbapenems
tadalafilbenzodioxoles;
pyrazinopyridoindole
EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
paliperidone3-{2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}-9-hydroxy-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 9-hydroxy-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.

paliperidone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-paliperidone. Paliperidone is the primary active metabolite of the older antipsychotic risperidone and is used for treatment of schizophrenia.
1,2-benzoxazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine;
organofluorine compound;
pyridopyrimidine;
secondary alcohol
293b cpd6-cyano-4-(N-ethylsulfonyl-N-methylamino)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylchromane: RN given for (trans-(+-))-isomer1-benzopyran
moxifloxacinmoxifloxacin : A quinolone that consists of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid bearing a cyclopropyl substituent at position 1, a fluoro substitiuent at position 6, a (4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl group at position 7 and a methoxy substituent at position 8. A member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterial agents.

Moxifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone that acts as an inhibitor of DNA TOPOISOMERASE II and is used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.
aromatic ether;
cyclopropanes;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
pyrrolidinopiperidine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone;
quinolone antibiotic
antibacterial drug
solifenacinisoquinolines
telbivudinepyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideantiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
etravirineaminopyrimidine;
aromatic ether;
dinitrile;
organobromine compound
antiviral agent;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
lapatinibfurans;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound;
quinazolines
antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
darunavirdarunavir : An N,N-disubstituted benzenesulfonamide bearing an unsubstituted amino group at the 4-position, used for the treatment of HIV infection. A second-generation HIV protease inhibitor, darunavir was designed to form robust interactions with the protease enzyme from many strains of HIV, including those from treatment-experienced patients with multiple resistance mutations to other protease inhibitors.

Darunavir: An HIV PROTEASE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of AIDS and HIV INFECTIONS. Due to the emergence of ANTIVIRAL DRUG RESISTANCE when used alone, it is administered in combination with other ANTI-HIV AGENTS.
carbamate ester;
furofuran;
sulfonamide
antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
senicapocsenicapoc: a Gardos channel blocker; structure in first source
lacosamideLacosamide: An acetamide derivative that acts as a blocker of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, for adjunctive or monotherapy, in the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES.N-acyl-amino acid
tolterodinetertiary amineantispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist;
muscle relaxant
darifenacindarifenacin : 2-[(3S)-1-Ethylpyrrolidin-3-yl]-2,2-diphenylacetamide in which one of the hydrogens at the 2-position of the ethyl group is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl group. It is a selective antagonist for the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, which is primarily responsible for bladder muscle contractions, and is used as the hydrobromide salt in the management of urinary incontinence.1-benzofurans;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyrrolidines
antispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist
s 1033(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
imidazoles;
pyridines;
pyrimidines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
maraviroctropane alkaloid
dasatinibdasatinib (anhydrous) : An aminopyrimidine that is 2-methylpyrimidine which is substituted at position 4 by the primary amino group of 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid and at position 6 by a 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl group, and in which the carboxylic acid group has been formally condensed with 2-chloro-6-methylaniline to afford the corresponding amide. A multi-targeted kinase inhibitor, it is used, particularly as the monohydrate, for the treatment of chronic, accelerated, or myeloid or lymphoid blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia. Note that the name 'dasatinib' is used to refer to the monohydrate (USAN) as well as to anhydrous dasatinib (INN).

N-(2-chloro-6-methylphenyl)-2-((6-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide: a dasatinib prodrug; structure in first source
1,3-thiazoles;
aminopyrimidine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
n-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)-4-fluorobenzamideN-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)-4-fluorobenzamide: structure in first source
sitagliptinsitagliptin : A triazolopyrazine that exhibits hypoglycemic activity.triazolopyrazine;
trifluorobenzene
EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
hypoglycemic agent;
serine proteinase inhibitor;
xenobiotic
acacetin5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone : A monomethoxyflavone that is the 4'-methyl ether derivative of apigenin.dihydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone
anticonvulsant;
plant metabolite
mdl 100907Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists: Drugs that bind to but do not activate SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS, thereby blocking the actions of SEROTONIN or SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTOR AGONISTS. Included under this heading are antagonists for one or more specific 5-HT2 receptor subtypes.
silodosinsilodosin: an alpha(1a)-adrenoceptor-selective antagonist; structure given in first sourceindolecarboxamide
su 11248monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyrroles
angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
neuroprotective agent;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
alvimopan anhydrousalvimopan: mu opioid receptor antagonist; intended to treat constipation in patients taking opiates for painpeptide
palonosetronpalonosetron : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is an antiemetic used (as its hydrochloride salt) in combination with netupitant (under the trade name Akynzeo) to treat nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy.

Palonosetron: Isoquinoline and quinuclidine derivative that acts as a 5-HT3 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used in the prevention of nausea and vomiting induced by cytotoxic chemotherapy, and for the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting.
azabicycloalkane;
delta-lactam;
organic heterotricyclic compound
antiemetic;
serotonergic antagonist
everolimuscyclic acetal;
cyclic ketone;
ether;
macrolide lactam;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
mTOR inhibitor
6-cyano-4-(n-ethylsulfonyl-n-methylamino)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylchromane, (trans-(+))-isomer
lu 208075ambrisentan: an ET(A) receptor antagonist and antihypertensive agent; studied for use in pulmonary arterial hypertensiondiarylmethane
hmr 1556HMR 1556: an I(Ks) channel blocker; structure in first source
ica 27243N-(6-Chloropyridin-3-yl)-3,4-difluorobenzamide: a KCNQ2/3 channel activator; structure in first source
(r)-n-(4-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-1-tosylpiperidine-2-carboxamide(R)-N-(4-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-1-tosylpiperidine-2-carboxamide: structure in first source
raltegravir1,2,4-oxadiazole;
dicarboxylic acid amide;
hydroxypyrimidine;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyrimidone;
secondary carboxamide
antiviral drug;
HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
sildenafilsildenafil : A pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a propyl substituent at the 3-position and a 2-ethoxy-5-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl]phenyl group at the 5-position.piperazines;
pyrazolopyrimidine;
sulfonamide
EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
vardenafilvardenafil : The sulfonamide resulting from formal condensation of the sulfo group of 4-ethoxy-3-(5-methyl-7-propylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(1H)-one-2-yl)benzenesulfonic acid and the secondary amino group of 4-ethylpiperazine.imidazotriazine;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-sulfonylpiperazine
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent