Compounds > licostinel
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licostinel

Description

licostinel: a glycine site NMDA receptor antagonist; structure given in first source [MeSH]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID5486198
CHEMBL ID289832
SCHEMBL ID464947
SCHEMBL ID5274587
MeSH IDM0243078

Synonyms (43)

Synonym
6,7-dichloro-3-hydroxy-5-nitro-3,4-dihydro-1h-quinoxalin-2-one
bdbm50038161
6,7-dichloro-5-nitro-1,4-dihydro-quinoxaline-2,3-dione
6,7-dichloro-5-nitro-1,4-dihydro-quinoxaline-2,3-dione(acea 1021)
153504-81-5
D04728
licostinel (usan/inn)
licostinel [usan]
acea-1021
6,7-dichloro-5-nitro-2,3-quinoxalinedione
5-nitro-6,7-dichloro-2,3-quinoxalinedione
6,7-dichloro-1,4-dihydro-5-nitro-2,3-quinoxalinedione
licostinel
2,3-quinoxalinedione, 6,7-dichloro-1,4-dihydro-5-nitro-
acea 1021
CHEMBL289832 ,
6,7-dichloro-5-nitro-1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-dione
licostinel [usan:inn]
unii-3z3037ljtc
3z3037ljtc ,
5-nitro-6,7-dichloro-1,4-dihydro-2,3-quinoxalinedione
smr002530535
MLS006010858
licostinel [mi]
licostinel [inn]
SCHEMBL464947
CHFSOFHQIZKQCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
6,7-dichloro-5-nitro-1,4-dihydro-2,3-quinoxalinedione
SCHEMBL5274587
DTXSID60165346
W13173
J-009022
AS-55059
6,7-dichloro-5-nitroquinoxaline-2,3(1h,4h)-dione
AKOS030627460
popsosesquisodiumsalt
mfcd00672687
Q19597740
BRD-K81881550-001-01-2
SY245109
HY-117547
CS-0066423
AKOS040748747

Protein Targets (18)

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2DHomo sapiens (human)IC502,944.2230AID143443; AID143444
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3BHomo sapiens (human)IC502,944.2230AID143443; AID143444
Glutamate receptor 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.7660AID92360
Glutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.7660AID92360
Glutamate receptor 3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.7660AID92360
Glutamate receptor 4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.7660AID92360
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.0068AID143473; AID143475; AID143606; AID144455; AID242732
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.0068AID143473; AID143475; AID143606; AID144455; AID242732
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2BRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.0068AID143473; AID143475; AID143606; AID144455; AID242732
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2CRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.0068AID143473; AID143475; AID143606; AID144455; AID242732
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1Homo sapiens (human)IC502,944.2230AID143443; AID143444
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2AHomo sapiens (human)IC502,944.2230AID143443; AID143444
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2BHomo sapiens (human)IC502,944.2230AID143443; AID143444
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2CHomo sapiens (human)IC502,944.2230AID143443; AID143444
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2DRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.0068AID143473; AID143475; AID143606; AID144455; AID242732
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3AHomo sapiens (human)IC502,944.2230AID143443; AID143444
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3BRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.0068AID143473; AID143475; AID143606; AID144455; AID242732
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3ARattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.0068AID143473; AID143475; AID143606; AID144455; AID242732

Other Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2DHomo sapiens (human)Kb0.0050AID143220
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3BHomo sapiens (human)Kb0.0050AID143220
Glutamate receptor 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kb1.5000AID147418
Glutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kb1.5000AID147418
Glutamate receptor 3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kb1.5000AID147418
Glutamate receptor 4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kb1.5000AID147418
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Activity0.0100AID145254
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kb0.0059AID143296
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kb0.0059AID143296
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2BRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kb0.0059AID143296
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2CRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kb0.0059AID143296
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1Homo sapiens (human)Kb0.0050AID143220
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2AHomo sapiens (human)Kb0.0050AID143220
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2BHomo sapiens (human)Kb0.0050AID143220
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2CHomo sapiens (human)Kb0.0050AID143220
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2DRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kb0.0059AID143296
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3AHomo sapiens (human)Kb0.0050AID143220
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3BRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kb0.0059AID143296
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3ARattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kb0.0059AID143296

Bioassays (43)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID131040Compound was tested in vivo (intra peritoneally) in the mouse maximal electroshock convulsion test2000Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12
ISSN: 0022-2623		Indeno[1,2-b]pyrazin-2,3-diones: a new class of antagonists at the glycine site of the NMDA receptor with potent in vivo activity.
AID129008Anticonvulsant activity tested in mouse1997Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-24, Volume: 40, Issue:22
ISSN: 0022-2623		5-(N-oxyaza)-7-substituted-1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones: novel, systemically active and broad spectrum antagonists for NMDA/glycine, AMPA, and kainate receptors.
AID143473Affinity for the glycine binding site on rat N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor 1, determined by displacement of the glycine site antagonist [3H]L-689,560 from rat cortical membranes1997Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 40, Issue:25
ISSN: 0022-2623		Effect of plasma protein binding on in vivo activity and brain penetration of glycine/NMDA receptor antagonists.
AID33696Binding to rat serum albumin1999Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-09, Volume: 42, Issue:18
ISSN: 0022-2623		Substituted analogues of GV150526 as potent glycine binding site antagonists in animal models of cerebral ischemia.
AID129170Anticonvulsant activity was measured by mouse maximal electroshock (MES) assay.1997Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5
ISSN: 0022-2623		Structure-activity relationships of alkyl- and alkoxy-substituted 1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones: potent and systemically active antagonists for the glycine site of the NMDA receptor.
AID19623Partition coefficient (logP)1997Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 40, Issue:25
ISSN: 0022-2623		Effect of plasma protein binding on in vivo activity and brain penetration of glycine/NMDA receptor antagonists.
AID145254Tested in vivo for affinity against glycine-binding site of NMDA receptor using [3H]DCKA radioligand1998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-06, Volume: 8, Issue:1
ISSN: 0960-894X		5-Aminomethylquinoxaline-2,3-diones. Part II: N-aryl derivatives as novel NMDA/glycine and AMPA antagonists.
AID251488Reduction of infarct volume in rat with proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion at total dose of 52 mg/kg after 180 min of initiation (duration of effect 6 h); nd=Not determined2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 48, Issue:4
ISSN: 0022-2623		CoMFA, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of (E)-3-(2-carboxy-2-arylvinyl)-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acids: 3-[2-(3-aminophenyl)-2-carboxyvinyl]-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid, a potent selective glycine-site NMDA receptor antag
AID143616Potency for the N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor 1 glycine site by displacement of [3H]5,7-dichlorokynurenic acid (DCKA) binding in rat brain cortical membranes.1997Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5
ISSN: 0022-2623		Structure-activity relationships of alkyl- and alkoxy-substituted 1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones: potent and systemically active antagonists for the glycine site of the NMDA receptor.
AID143443Inhibition of [3H]DCKA binding to N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-24, Volume: 46, Issue:9
ISSN: 0022-2623		CoMFA and homology-based models of the glycine binding site of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor.
AID19631Partition coefficient determined using octanol versus pH 7.4 buffer1997Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-24, Volume: 40, Issue:22
ISSN: 0022-2623		5-(N-oxyaza)-7-substituted-1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones: novel, systemically active and broad spectrum antagonists for NMDA/glycine, AMPA, and kainate receptors.
AID143220Compound was evaluated for in vitro inhibition of cortical neurone at NMDA receptor.1994Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-25, Volume: 37, Issue:24
ISSN: 0022-2623		The glycine site on the NMDA receptor: structure-activity relationships and therapeutic potential.
AID251455Reduction of infarct volume in rat with distal middle cerebral artery occlusion at total dose of 52 mg/kg after 30 min of initiation (duration of effect 6 h)2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 48, Issue:4
ISSN: 0022-2623		CoMFA, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of (E)-3-(2-carboxy-2-arylvinyl)-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acids: 3-[2-(3-aminophenyl)-2-carboxyvinyl]-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid, a potent selective glycine-site NMDA receptor antag
AID246987In vivo effective dose to protect the mouse (DBA/2J) from audiogenic seizures upon intraperitoneal administration2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 48, Issue:4
ISSN: 0022-2623		CoMFA, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of (E)-3-(2-carboxy-2-arylvinyl)-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acids: 3-[2-(3-aminophenyl)-2-carboxyvinyl]-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid, a potent selective glycine-site NMDA receptor antag
AID133133Ability to prevent NMDA-induced hyperlocomotion in the mouse following iv administration of 15 mg/kg dose; 3/102001Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-07, Volume: 44, Issue:12
ISSN: 0022-2623		Structure-activity relationships of 1,4-dihydro-(1H,4H)-quinoxaline-2,3-diones as N-methyl-D-aspartate (glycine site) receptor antagonists. 1. Heterocyclic substituted 5-alkyl derivatives.
AID246999In vivo effective dose to protect rats against maximal electroshock induced seizures upon intravenous administration2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 48, Issue:4
ISSN: 0022-2623		CoMFA, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of (E)-3-(2-carboxy-2-arylvinyl)-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acids: 3-[2-(3-aminophenyl)-2-carboxyvinyl]-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid, a potent selective glycine-site NMDA receptor antag
AID133002Ability to prevent NMDA-induced hyperlocomotion in the mouse following iv administration of 10 mg/kg dose; 5/102001Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-07, Volume: 44, Issue:12
ISSN: 0022-2623		Structure-activity relationships of 1,4-dihydro-(1H,4H)-quinoxaline-2,3-diones as N-methyl-D-aspartate (glycine site) receptor antagonists. 1. Heterocyclic substituted 5-alkyl derivatives.
AID114658Compound was evaluated for nociception in electroshock mice model in vivo through ip route1994Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-25, Volume: 37, Issue:24
ISSN: 0022-2623		The glycine site on the NMDA receptor: structure-activity relationships and therapeutic potential.
AID251487Reduction of infarct volume in rat with proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion at total dose of 52 mg/kg after 30 min of initiation (duration of effect 6 h); nd=Not determined2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 48, Issue:4
ISSN: 0022-2623		CoMFA, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of (E)-3-(2-carboxy-2-arylvinyl)-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acids: 3-[2-(3-aminophenyl)-2-carboxyvinyl]-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid, a potent selective glycine-site NMDA receptor antag
AID92360Displacement of [3H]-AMPA from Ionotropic glutamate receptor AMPA of rat cortical membranes2000Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12
ISSN: 0022-2623		Indeno[1,2-b]pyrazin-2,3-diones: a new class of antagonists at the glycine site of the NMDA receptor with potent in vivo activity.
AID109893Antagonist activity in nociception formalin paw seizure model in vivo through ip route; 1-201994Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-25, Volume: 37, Issue:24
ISSN: 0022-2623		The glycine site on the NMDA receptor: structure-activity relationships and therapeutic potential.
AID251457Reduction of infarct volume in rat with distal middle cerebral artery occlusion at total dose of 52 mg/kg after -15 min of initiation (duration of effect 6 h)2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 48, Issue:4
ISSN: 0022-2623		CoMFA, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of (E)-3-(2-carboxy-2-arylvinyl)-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acids: 3-[2-(3-aminophenyl)-2-carboxyvinyl]-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid, a potent selective glycine-site NMDA receptor antag
AID246981In vivo effective dose of compound to protect mice from quinolinic acid seizures upon intravenous administration2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 48, Issue:4
ISSN: 0022-2623		CoMFA, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of (E)-3-(2-carboxy-2-arylvinyl)-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acids: 3-[2-(3-aminophenyl)-2-carboxyvinyl]-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid, a potent selective glycine-site NMDA receptor antag
AID203505Human serum albumin index was measured by retention time on an HPLC column containing human albumin1997Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 40, Issue:25
ISSN: 0022-2623		Effect of plasma protein binding on in vivo activity and brain penetration of glycine/NMDA receptor antagonists.
AID143296Binding affinity towards rat brain NMDA receptor glycine site expressed in Xenopus oocyte1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-27, Volume: 38, Issue:22
ISSN: 0022-2623		Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of substituted 1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones: antagonists of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor glycine sites and non-NMDA glutamate receptors.
AID251461Reduction of infarct volume in rat with proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion at total dose of 52 mg/kg after -15 min of initiation (duration of effect 6 h)2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 48, Issue:4
ISSN: 0022-2623		CoMFA, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of (E)-3-(2-carboxy-2-arylvinyl)-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acids: 3-[2-(3-aminophenyl)-2-carboxyvinyl]-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid, a potent selective glycine-site NMDA receptor antag
AID92343Binding affinity in rat brain cortical membranes by the displacement of [3H]AMPA at Ionotropic glutamate receptor AMPA1997Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-24, Volume: 40, Issue:22
ISSN: 0022-2623		5-(N-oxyaza)-7-substituted-1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones: novel, systemically active and broad spectrum antagonists for NMDA/glycine, AMPA, and kainate receptors.
AID143606Displacement of [3H]DCKA at N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor 11997Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-24, Volume: 40, Issue:22
ISSN: 0022-2623		5-(N-oxyaza)-7-substituted-1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones: novel, systemically active and broad spectrum antagonists for NMDA/glycine, AMPA, and kainate receptors.
AID113804Anticonvulsant activity measured by its ability to protect against audiogenic seizure in DBA/2 mice when dosed intraperitoneally 30 min prior to seizure induction.1997Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 40, Issue:25
ISSN: 0022-2623		Effect of plasma protein binding on in vivo activity and brain penetration of glycine/NMDA receptor antagonists.
AID246996In vivo effective dose against harmaline induced cGMP elevation in mouse cerebellum upon intravenous administration2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 48, Issue:4
ISSN: 0022-2623		CoMFA, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of (E)-3-(2-carboxy-2-arylvinyl)-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acids: 3-[2-(3-aminophenyl)-2-carboxyvinyl]-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid, a potent selective glycine-site NMDA receptor antag
AID251479Reduction of infarct volume in rat with distal middle cerebral artery occlusion at total dose of 52 mg/kg after 180 min of initiation (duration of effect 6 h); nd=Not determined2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 48, Issue:4
ISSN: 0022-2623		CoMFA, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of (E)-3-(2-carboxy-2-arylvinyl)-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acids: 3-[2-(3-aminophenyl)-2-carboxyvinyl]-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid, a potent selective glycine-site NMDA receptor antag
AID175869Inhibition of NMDA-induced depolarizations in rat cortical wedges.2001Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-07, Volume: 44, Issue:12
ISSN: 0022-2623		Structure-activity relationships of 1,4-dihydro-(1H,4H)-quinoxaline-2,3-diones as N-methyl-D-aspartate (glycine site) receptor antagonists. 1. Heterocyclic substituted 5-alkyl derivatives.
AID114334Effective dose to inhibit convulsions induced by NMDA in mice, when administered intravenous route.1997Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 40, Issue:6
ISSN: 0022-2623		Substituted indole-2-carboxylates as in vivo potent antagonists acting as the strychnine-insensitive glycine binding site.
AID19828Partition coefficient (logP)1997Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5
ISSN: 0022-2623		Structure-activity relationships of alkyl- and alkoxy-substituted 1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones: potent and systemically active antagonists for the glycine site of the NMDA receptor.
AID143444Compound was tested for inhibition of [3H]DCKA binding to N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-24, Volume: 46, Issue:9
ISSN: 0022-2623		CoMFA and homology-based models of the glycine binding site of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor.
AID242732In vitro inhibitory concentration against binding of the [3H]glycine to strychnine-insensitive glycine binding sites of rat N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 48, Issue:4
ISSN: 0022-2623		CoMFA, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of (E)-3-(2-carboxy-2-arylvinyl)-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acids: 3-[2-(3-aminophenyl)-2-carboxyvinyl]-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid, a potent selective glycine-site NMDA receptor antag
AID143771Inhibition of [3H]glycine to glycine binding site, associated with the N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor 1 in crude synaptic membranes prepared from adult rat cerebral cortex.1997Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 40, Issue:6
ISSN: 0022-2623		Substituted indole-2-carboxylates as in vivo potent antagonists acting as the strychnine-insensitive glycine binding site.
AID248671In vitro inhibitory concentration against glutamate stimulated accumulation of cyclic GMP in neonatal rat cerebral slices2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 48, Issue:4
ISSN: 0022-2623		CoMFA, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of (E)-3-(2-carboxy-2-arylvinyl)-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acids: 3-[2-(3-aminophenyl)-2-carboxyvinyl]-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid, a potent selective glycine-site NMDA receptor antag
AID147418Binding affinity against rat brain Non N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor glutamate site expressed in Xenopus oocyte1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-27, Volume: 38, Issue:22
ISSN: 0022-2623		Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of substituted 1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones: antagonists of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor glycine sites and non-NMDA glutamate receptors.
AID133139Ability to prevent NMDA-induced hyperlocomotion in the mouse following iv administration of 3 mg/kg dose; 3/102001Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-07, Volume: 44, Issue:12
ISSN: 0022-2623		Structure-activity relationships of 1,4-dihydro-(1H,4H)-quinoxaline-2,3-diones as N-methyl-D-aspartate (glycine site) receptor antagonists. 1. Heterocyclic substituted 5-alkyl derivatives.
AID144455Binding affinity at glycine binding site of NMDA receptor in rat cortical membranes by [3H]L-689,560 displacement.2001Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-07, Volume: 44, Issue:12
ISSN: 0022-2623		Structure-activity relationships of 1,4-dihydro-(1H,4H)-quinoxaline-2,3-diones as N-methyl-D-aspartate (glycine site) receptor antagonists. 1. Heterocyclic substituted 5-alkyl derivatives.
AID234072Selectivity for glycine site1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-27, Volume: 38, Issue:22
ISSN: 0022-2623		Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of substituted 1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones: antagonists of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor glycine sites and non-NMDA glutamate receptors.
AID143475Displacement of [3H]dichlorokynurenate ([3H]-DCKA) from N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor 1 in rat cortical membranes2000Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12
ISSN: 0022-2623		Indeno[1,2-b]pyrazin-2,3-diones: a new class of antagonists at the glycine site of the NMDA receptor with potent in vivo activity.

Research

Studies (49)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's33 (67.35)18.2507
2000's15 (30.61)29.6817
2010's1 (2.04)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials1 (2.04%)5.53%
Reviews2 (4.08%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other46 (93.88%)84.16%
SubstanceStudiesClassesRolesFirst YearLast YearAverage AgeRelationship StrengthTrialspre-19901990's2000's2010'spost-2020
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid
1
amino acid zwitterion;
monocarboxylic acid;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid		ethylene releasers;
plant metabolite		1994199430.0low001000
glycine
1
alpha-amino acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid		EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
micronutrient;
neurotransmitter;
NMDA receptor agonist;
nutraceutical		1994199430.0low001000
5,7-dichlorokynurenic acid
2
quinolines1994199728.5low002000
6,7-dichloroquinoxaline-2,3-dione
5
quinoxaline derivative1994200326.0high003200
7-chlorokynurenic acid
2
organochlorine compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid		neuroprotective agent;
NMDA receptor antagonist		1994199728.5low002000
diazepam
1
1,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
sedative;
xenobiotic		1997199727.0low001000
kynurenic acid
1
monohydroxyquinoline;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid		G-protein-coupled receptor agonist;
human metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nicotinic antagonist;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		1994199430.0low001000
cycloserine
1
4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic;
zwitterion		antiinfective agent;
antimetabolite;
antitubercular agent;
metabolite;
NMDA receptor agonist		1994199430.0low001000
2,3-dihydroxyquinoxaline
3
1994200326.7medium002100
D-serine
1
D-alpha-amino acid;
serine zwitterion;
serine		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
NMDA receptor agonist		1994199430.0low001000
6,7-dichloroquinoxaline-2,3-dione
3
1995200325.7high002100
1-aminocyclobutanecarboxylic acid
1
L-alpha-amino acid1994199430.0low001000
acea 1011
1
1995199529.0low001000
rpr 104632
2
1994200027.0high002000
mdl29,951
1
1994199430.0low001000
6,7-dichloro-3-hydroxy-2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid
1
quinoxaline derivative1994199430.0low001000
7-chloro-thiokynurenate
1
1994199430.0medium001000
2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline
1
naphthalenes;
sulfonic acid derivative		1997199727.0low001000
fg 9041
1
quinoxaline derivative1994199430.0low001000
6-nitro-1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-dione
2
1995199728.0high002000
mdl 105519
1
2005200519.0medium000100
gavestinel
3
1997200524.0high002100
mdl 105519
1
2005200519.0low000100
l 689560
2
quinolines1994199728.5high002000
l 701324
4
quinolines1994200525.8low003100
7-chloro-3-[cyclopropyl(oxo)methyl]-4-hydroxy-1H-quinolin-2-one
2
hydroxyquinoline;
quinolone		1994199728.5high002000
mdl 104653
1
1997199727.0high001000
SubstanceStudiesClassesRolesFirst YearLast YearAverage AgeRelationship StrengthTrialspre-19901990's2000's2010'spost-2020
formaldehyde
1
aldehyde;
one-carbon compound		allergen;
carcinogenic agent;
disinfectant;
EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		2000200024.0low001000
glycine
12
alpha-amino acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid		EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
micronutrient;
neurotransmitter;
NMDA receptor agonist;
nutraceutical		1994201026.1low0010200
2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate
3
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acidNMDA receptor antagonist1998200024.7low003000
alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid
1
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid1998199826.0low001000
1-hydroxy-3-amino-2-pyrrolidone
2
1995200126.0low001100
n-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine
2
amphetamines;
benzodioxoles		neurotoxin2000200123.5low001100
5,7-dichlorokynurenic acid
3
quinolines1995200326.0low002100
7-chlorokynurenic acid
2
organochlorine compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid		neuroprotective agent;
NMDA receptor antagonist		1995199728.0low002000
arcaine
1
guanidines2004200420.0low000100
chlordiazepoxide
1
benzodiazepine1998199826.0low001000
diazepam
3
1,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
sedative;
xenobiotic		1995200425.0low002100
felbamate
1
carbamate esteranticonvulsant;
neuroprotective agent		1995199529.0low001000
gyki 52466
1
benzodiazepine1999199925.0low001000
halothane
1
haloalkane;
organobromine compound;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		inhalation anaesthetic1995199529.0low001000
ketamine
1
cyclohexanones;
monochlorobenzenes;
secondary amino compound		analgesic;
environmental contaminant;
intravenous anaesthetic;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic		1994199430.0low001000
kynurenic acid
5
monohydroxyquinoline;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid		G-protein-coupled receptor agonist;
human metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nicotinic antagonist;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite		1995200326.8low004100
memantine
1
adamantanes;
primary aliphatic amine		antidepressant;
antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
neuroprotective agent;
NMDA receptor antagonist		2000200024.0low001000
pentobarbital
1
barbituratesGABAA receptor agonist2004200420.0low000100
potassium chloride
1
inorganic chloride;
inorganic potassium salt;
potassium salt		fertilizer1997199727.0low001000
riluzole
1
benzothiazoles2004200420.0low000100
biguanides
1
guanidines2004200420.0low000100
carbostyril
2
monohydroxyquinoline;
quinolone		bacterial xenobiotic metabolite1996200424.0low001100
cycloserine
1
4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic;
zwitterion		antiinfective agent;
antimetabolite;
antitubercular agent;
metabolite;
NMDA receptor agonist		1997199727.0low001000
phencyclidine
2
benzenes;
piperidines		anaesthetic;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
psychotropic drug		1995200424.5low001100
quinoxalines
37
mancude organic heterobicyclic parent;
naphthyridine;
ortho-fused heteroarene		1994201025.4high1029800
kainic acid
2
dicarboxylic acid;
L-proline derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid		antinematodal drug;
excitatory amino acid agonist		1997199826.5low002000
n-methylaspartate
4
amino dicarboxylic acid;
D-alpha-amino acid;
D-aspartic acid derivative;
secondary amino compound		neurotransmitter agent1996200425.2low003100
glutamic acid
1
glutamic acid;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
ferroptosis inducer;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutraceutical		1998199826.0low001000
ng-nitroarginine methyl ester
1
alpha-amino acid ester;
L-arginine derivative;
methyl ester;
N-nitro compound		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor1995199529.0low001000
paroxetine
1
aromatic ether;
benzodioxoles;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines		antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
hepatotoxic agent;
P450 inhibitor;
serotonin uptake inhibitor		2000200024.0low001000
milacemide
1
1998199826.0low001000
eliprodil
1
monochlorobenzenes;
monofluorobenzenes;
piperidines;
secondary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		2000200024.0low001000
dexfenfluramine
2
fenfluramineappetite depressant;
serotonergic agonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor		2000200123.5low001100
npc 12626
2
1995200424.5low001100
acea 1011
3
1995199828.0high003000
rpr 104632
1
1996199628.0high001000
strychnine
2
monoterpenoid indole alkaloid;
organic heteroheptacyclic compound		avicide;
cholinergic antagonist;
glycine receptor antagonist;
neurotransmitter agent;
rodenticide		1995199529.0low002000
cocaine
3
benzoate ester;
methyl ester;
tertiary amino compound;
tropane alkaloid		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
central nervous system stimulant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
serotonin uptake inhibitor;
sodium channel blocker;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic		1997200025.3low003000
2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline
1
naphthalenes;
sulfonic acid derivative		1999199925.0low001000
fg 9041
1
quinoxaline derivative1995199529.0low001000
morphine
1
morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		anaesthetic;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic		2000200024.0low001000
cgp 37849
1
1998199826.0low001000
dizocilpine maleate
5
maleate salt;
tetracyclic antidepressant		anaesthetic;
anticonvulsant;
neuroprotective agent;
nicotinic antagonist;
NMDA receptor antagonist		1995200027.0low005000
3-(2-carboxypiperazine-4-yl)-1-propenyl-1-phosphonic acid
2
2000200422.0low001100
2-amino-5-phosphono-3-pentenoic acid
1
2000200024.0low001000
piperidines
1
2000200024.0low001000
ConditionIndicatedStudiesFirst YearLast YearAverage AgeRelationship StrengthTrialspre-19901990's2000's2010'spost-2020
Absence Seizure0
3
1997200523.7low002100
Ache0
2
1996200026.0low002000
Acute Disease0
1
1999199925.0low101000
Amnesia0
1
1997199727.0low001000
Amnesia-Memory Loss0
1
1997199727.0low001000
Anochlesia0
1
1997199727.0low001000
Anterior Cerebral Circulation Infarction0
2
2003200321.0low000200
Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction0
2
1997199926.0low002000
Anterior Circulation Transient Ischemic Attack0
1
1997199727.0low001000
Anxiety0
1
1995199529.0low001000
Apoplexy0
2
1999200522.0low001100
Asystole0
1
1995199529.0low001000
Body Weight0
1
1995199529.0low001000
Brain Damage, Chronic0
1
1997199727.0low001000
Brain Infarction0
2
2003200321.0low000200
Brain Ischemia0
7
1995200326.4medium106100
Cerebral Infarction0
2
1997199926.0low002000
Cerebral Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery0
1
2003200321.0low000100
Cerebral Ischemia0
7
1995200326.4medium106100
Cocaine Abuse0
1
1997199727.0low001000
Cocaine-Related Disorders0
1
1997199727.0low001000
Craniocerebral Injuries0
1
1999199925.0low001000
Craniocerebral Trauma0
1
1999199925.0low001000
Disease Models, Animal0
3
1996200324.7low002100
Encephalopathy, Toxic0
1
2001200123.0low000100
Fever0
1
1997199727.0low001000
Heart Arrest0
1
1995199529.0low001000
Hematoma, Subdural0
2
1995199628.5low002000
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery0
1
2003200321.0low000100
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion0
1
2010201014.0low000100
Ischemia0
1
2010201014.0low000100
Ischemic Attack, Transient0
1
1997199727.0low001000
Myoclonic Jerk0
1
1995199529.0low001000
Pain0
2
1996200026.0low002000
Pyrexia0
1
1997199727.0low001000
Reperfusion Injury0
1
2010201014.0low000100
Seizures0
3
1997200523.7low002100
Stroke0
2
1999200522.0low001100

Bioavailability (1)

ArticleYear
In vivo models of cerebral ischemia: effects of parenterally administered NMDA receptor glycine site antagonists.
Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, , Volume: 15, Issue:2		1995

Dosage (2)

ArticleYear
Interaction between intrathecal morphine and glutamate receptor antagonists in formalin test.
European journal of pharmacology, , May-03, Volume: 395, Issue:3		2000
Glycine receptor antagonism. Effects of ACEA-1021 on the minimum alveolar concentration for halothane in the rat.
Anesthesiology, , Volume: 82, Issue:4		1995