Page last updated: 2024-09-27

Absence of Voice

Complete loss of phonation due to organic disease of the larynx or to nonorganic (i.e., psychogenic) causes.

Synonyms(6)

Synonym
Functional Aphonia
Absence of Voice
Spastic Aphonia
Aphonia
Aphonia Paralytica
Nonorganic Aphonia

Research Excerpts

Research

Studies (36)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-199017 (47.22)23.3326
1990's4 (11.11)12.5806
2000's10 (27.78)18.1394
2010's5 (13.89)28.8240
2020's0 (0.00)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
sulfur dioxide0low10
phenytoin0low10
amitriptyline0low10
bupivacaine0low20
clomipramine0low10
diphenhydramine0low10
doxepin0low10
fentanyl0low10
guaifenesin0low10
lidocaine0low20
apnea0low30
nortriptyline0low10
orphenadrine0low10
perhexiline0low10
perphenazine0low10
prochlorperazine0low10
prednisone0low10
edetic acid0low10
cytarabine0low10
diphenhydramine hydrochloride0low10
sodium hydroxide0low10
titanium0low10
trolamine salicylate0low10
fludrocortisone0low10
4-methoxyamphetamine0low10
fomesafen0low10
p-tert-butylphenolformaldehyde resin0low10
glycogen0low10
inositol 3-phosphate0low10
thiopental0low20
phenylephrine hydrochloride0low10
dexmedetomidine0low10
sulfur0low10
(9R)-9-chloro-11,17-dihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxy-1-oxoethyl)-10,13,16-trimethyl-6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one0low10
piperidines0low10
hyaluronoglucosaminidase0low10

Protein Targets (472)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
IDH15005
chromobox protein homolog 1100010
geminin130013
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0617
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0617
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A012113
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B011112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0617
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F0617
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0617
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60415
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter012113
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 0415
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A0415
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5B0415
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0415
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 0415
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0415
Chain A, HADH2 protein2002
Chain B, HADH2 protein2002
thioredoxin reductase8008
USP1 protein, partial6006
NFKB1 protein, partial3003
GLS protein8008
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 48008
cytochrome P450 2D65005
arylsulfatase A6006
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 19009
D(1A) dopamine receptor6006
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 precursor5005
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 16006
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1100010
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M19009
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 0606
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B7007
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3010010
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4010010
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4014014
Bile salt export pump015015
Albumin0011
High affinity nerve growth factor receptor0123
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1016016
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2014014
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4016016
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5016016
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor013114
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1016016
Angiotensin-converting enzyme0808
D(2) dopamine receptor0808
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor012012
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor011112
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3016016
D(1A) dopamine receptor010010
D(1B) dopamine receptor0101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A40001
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter 016016
Histamine H2 receptor010010
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor011011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A014014
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C014014
Histamine H1 receptor0404
Histamine H1 receptor015015
D(3) dopamine receptor011011
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0202
Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha0304
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A30001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B014014
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0606
Histamine H2 receptor94017
D(1A) dopamine receptor6006
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6012012
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70404
Voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B0303
Sodium channel protein type 7 subunit alpha0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D 0202
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter 0808
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2013013
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S0202
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0202
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha0404
Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha0303
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10213
Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 3 0808
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1010010
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0202
Ataxin-27007
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1012012
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0303
Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha0101
Histamine H3 receptor0101
Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha0101
ATAD5 protein, partial5005
TDP1 protein140014
Microtubule-associated protein tau6006
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha100010
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2180018
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 13003
lamin isoform A-delta10110011
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A4004
Potassium channel subfamily K member 30202
Potassium channel subfamily K member 30101
Potassium channel subfamily K member 20112
Potassium channel subfamily K member 90101
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE8008
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase3003
Chain A, Ferritin light chain2002
Chain A, Cruzipain2002
acetylcholinesterase2002
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma9009
SMAD family member 22002
SMAD family member 32002
GLI family zinc finger 38008
AR protein150015
thioredoxin glutathione reductase2002
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A15005
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)4004
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3100010
progesterone receptor7007
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]8008
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 18008
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha5005
farnesoid X nuclear receptor4004
pregnane X nuclear receptor8008
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha150015
G3003
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B4004
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta4004
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma5005
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor9009
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a4004
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor5005
activating transcription factor 62002
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a2002
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)7007
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 22002
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA5005
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a4004
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 23003
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor2002
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 33003
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 28008
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 11001
mitogen-activated protein kinase 16006
snurportin-11001
peripheral myelin protein 226006
survival motor neuron protein isoform d4004
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit3003
Interferon beta6006
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 3003
Glucocorticoid receptor0415
Cellular tumor antigen p538008
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-10404
Androgen receptor0202
Glutamate receptor 23003
Glycine receptor subunit beta0404
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-20404
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-30404
Cytochrome P450 2C190303
Spike glycoprotein5016
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 13003
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial3003
Fumarate hydratase3003
PPM1D protein2002
Thrombopoietin5005
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease2002
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor8008
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)3003
EWS/FLI fusion protein5005
polyprotein3003
caspase-32002
Histone H2A.x4004
Spike glycoprotein0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0011
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a5005
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor2002
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d6006
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 16006
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 17007
lethal factor (plasmid)3003
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi7209
Transmembrane protease serine 20011
Procathepsin L0011
Replicase polyprotein 1a0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0112
Cytochrome P450 2D60505
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-17209
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta7209
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-27209
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0303
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-57209
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-37209
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0303
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0303
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-17209
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-27209
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-47209
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-37209
Trypanothione reductase0202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-67209
Trypanothione reductase0101
Proteasome subunit alpha type-60011
D(2) dopamine receptor0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-17209
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-37209
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-27209
Inositol monophosphatase 14004
Envelope glycoprotein0011
GABA theta subunit7209
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 0011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon7209
2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase1001
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase3003
endonuclease IV4004
glp-1 receptor, partial4004
phosphopantetheinyl transferase5005
67.9K protein5005
LMP1 [Human herpesvirus 4]0002
nuclear receptor coactivator 1 isoform 1 [Homo sapiens]0101
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 11001
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)3003
transactivating tegument protein VP16 [Human herpesvirus 1]0101
nuclear receptor coactivator 3 isoform a0101
Thymidine kinase 2, mitochondrial0101
Thymidine kinase, cytosolic0101
Thymidine kinase0101
Thymidylate synthase0001
Cytochrome P450 3A40202
Thymidine kinase0101
Deoxycytidine kinase0001
Probable deoxycytidylate deaminase0001
Cytidine deaminase0102
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm20101
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] 0101
Thymidine kinase0101
Deoxynucleoside kinase0101
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor 0011
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor4004
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor2002
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0011
Luciferase4004
regulator of G-protein signaling 44004
huntingtin isoform 22002
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0303
Histamine H1 receptor0002
Histamine N-methyltransferase0001
Cytochrome P450 2J20202
Solute carrier family 22 member 10101
Calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 10101
Protein orai-20101
Protein orai-30101
Histamine H4 receptor0101
Histamine H3 receptor0002
Solute carrier family 22 member 20101
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase3003
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 13003
eyes absent homolog 2 isoform a1001
Alpha-synuclein1102
TAR DNA-binding protein 431001
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE3003
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit2002
Eyes absent homolog 20101
Amyloid-beta precursor protein0101
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 0101
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-130101
Beta-lactamase 0101
Beta-lactamase 0101
Beta-lactamase VIM-1 0101
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20022
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10101
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A0101
D(4) dopamine receptor0303
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B0101
Delta-type opioid receptor0202
Delta-type opioid receptor0202
Mu-type opioid receptor0213
Kappa-type opioid receptor0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0213
Delta-type opioid receptor0202
Kappa-type opioid receptor0202
Kappa-type opioid receptor0202
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0202
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10101
GALC protein2002
aryl hydrocarbon receptor3003
flap endonuclease 15005
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 31001
3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase 3 0101
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 13003
N-glycosylase/DNA lyase0101
Polyphenol oxidase 20101
Bile salt export pump0303
Myeloperoxidase0101
Cytochrome P450 1A20202
Formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase0101
DNA gyrase subunit A0101
DNA gyrase subunit B0101
Cytochrome P450 2C80202
Cytochrome P450 2A60101
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor0101
Endonuclease III-like protein 10101
DNA gyrase subunit B0202
DNA gyrase subunit A0202
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH]0203
Pantothenate synthetase0101
Isocitrate lyase0101
Putative FAD-containing monooxygenase MymA0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Endonuclease 8-like 10101
Chain A, Beta-lactamase3003
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0202
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 50101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 20101
Potassium channel subfamily K member 180101
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 10202
dopamine D1 receptor1001
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)2002
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor2002
ras-related protein Rab-9A2002
Integrin beta-33003
Integrin alpha-IIb3003
Cytochrome P450 2D10101
Cytochrome P450 2D260101
Cytochrome P450 2D30101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 10101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 20101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 30101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter0101
Cytochrome P450 2D40101
Smad33003
Solute carrier family 22 member 20101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 10101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0101
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 20101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0101
Epidermal growth factor receptor0101
Tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn0202
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]0101
Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 2, mitochondrial0101
D0101
Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 2, mitochondrial0101
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0101
Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, liver isoform 0101
Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, liver isoform0101
Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, muscle isoform0101
Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, muscle isoform0101
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A2002
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q11001
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA12002
NADPH oxidase 10101
glucocerebrosidase2002
Snq2p0002
Caspase-71001
caspase-31001
ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 N0101
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a1001
protein AF-9 isoform a0001
bcl-2-related protein A10101
Vpr2002
M-phase phosphoprotein 82002
transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 11001
DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform a0001
Aldehyde oxidase 10101
Retinal dehydrogenase 10101
Pleiotropic ABC efflux transporter of multiple drugs0204
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70101
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 171001
Aldehyde oxidase0101
Aldehyde oxidase 10101
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 42002
Aldehyde oxidase 1 0101
beta-2 adrenergic receptor1001
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein1001
mu-type opioid receptor isoform MOR-10011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0011
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-41001
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-21001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid 0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0101
Dihydrofolate reductase 0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-60101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-30101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-30101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-50101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-30101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-60101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-50101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-30101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta0101
pregnane X receptor1001
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma1001
Mcl-10101
nonstructural protein 11001
neutrophil cytosol factor 10101
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor1001
plasminogen precursor1001
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor1001
interleukin 81001
15-lipoxygenase, partial1001
DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A40101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 0202
Albumin0011
NH(3)-dependent NAD(+) synthetase0101
60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial0101
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX150101
Cytochrome P450 2B60011
Arylacetamide deacetylase0102
Caspase-10101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A10101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A20101
10 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial0101
Glutathione S-transferase omega-10101
DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta0101
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase0101
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase0101
60 kDa chaperonin 0101
10 kDa chaperonin 0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B30203
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG20101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B10203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20001
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 10101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 20101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 30101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter0101
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 10101
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]