hydromorphone and Pregnancy

hydromorphone has been researched along with Pregnancy in 45 studies

Research

Studies (45)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	14 (31.11)	18.7374
1990's	5 (11.11)	18.2507
2000's	4 (8.89)	29.6817
2010's	14 (31.11)	24.3611
2020's	8 (17.78)	2.80

Authors

Authors	Studies
Abu, Y; Dutta, R; Kolli, U; Roy, S; Tao, J; Vitari, N; Yan, Y	1
Bateman, BT; Esposito, DB; Hernández-Díaz, S; Huybrechts, KF; Mogun, H; Straub, L; Werler, MM	1
Gong, X; Xie, S; Zhang, G; Zhang, Y	1
Bowie, AC; Brogly, SB; Camden, A; Guttmann, A; Li, W; Velez, MP; Werler, MM	1
Duan, G; Duan, Z; Li, H; Li, J; Peng, J; Tang, X; Yang, G	1
Chen, XZ; Huang, CY; Li, SX; Xu, LL; Yang, MJ	1
Alahuhta, S; Gunnar, T; Hakomäki, H; Kokki, M; Puhto, T; Spalding, M; Vakkala, M	1
Agrawal, S; Figueiro-Filho, E; Gold, S; Selk, A	1
Austin, PC; Gomes, T; Juurlink, DN; Mamdani, M; Pang, A; Paterson, JM; Ray, JG; Zipursky, JS	1
Abbas, L; Alexander, A; Jones, J; Jones, M; Lewis, D; Negrusz, A	1
Lynde, GC; O'Reilly-Shah, V	1
Powell, MF; Sakawi, Y	1
Arendt, KW; Beatty, NC; Jacob, AK; Niesen, AD; Wittwer, ED	1
Greenfield, ML; Hong, RW; Mhyre, JM; Pace, NL; Polley, LS	1
Christensen, C; Gupta, D; Soskin, V	1
Arendt, KW; Jacob, AK; Johnson, RL; Mantilla, CB; Niesen, AD; Schroeder, DR; Sviggum, HP; Tien, M	1
Lynde, GC	1
Balofsky, A; Edwards, K; Feng, C; Iqbal, A; Jackson, M; Kanel, J; Marroquin, B; Newton, M; Rothstein, D; Wissler, R; Wong, E	1
Anderson, PO; Lane, JR; Nguyen, N; Rafie, S; Rossi, SS; Sauberan, JB; Stellwagen, LM	1
Angst, MS; Carvalho, B; Lemmens, HJ; Ting, V	1
Rauch, E	2
RIML, O; TSCHERNE, E	1
KOHL, SG; SENTNOR, MH; SOLOMONS, E	1
GIBBONS, JM; KLINGES, KG; PISANI, BJ	1
KOSTYAL, JL	1
MCCALL, JO	1
SANNER, JH; WOODS, LA	1
NICHOLS, EE; POOL, E; SHAW, W; SIMECKOVA, M	1
Asai, T; Hidaka, I; Kawachi, S; Kubota, T; Miki, T	1
Diaz, NT; Grouper, S; Marcus, RJ; McCarthy, RJ; Patel, R; Peaceman, AM; Robles, C; Scavone, BM; Sherwani, SS; Sproviero, MT; Sullivan, JT; Wong, CA; Yaghmour, E; Yilmaz, M	1
Mhyre, JM	1
Albright, GA; Cohen, SE; Rothblatt, AJ	1
Arellano, R; Carstoniu, J; Halpern, SH; O'Leary, G; Preston, R; Roger, S; Sandler, A	1
Holtmann, B; Parker, RK; White, PF	1
Chung, JH; Chung, KS; Eige, S; Fermo, L; Lobo, A; Ocampo, CA; Sevarino, FB; Sinatra, RS	1
Parker, RK; White, PF	1
Parker, RK; Sawaki, Y; White, PF	1
Foley, KM; Inturrisi, CE; Portenoy, RK	1
Chestnut, DH; Choi, WW; Isbell, TJ	1
Avram, MJ; Cohen, H; Henderson, SK; Matthew, EB	1
Baysinger, CL; Dougherty, TB; Gooding, DJ; Henenberger, JC	1
Chung, JH; Chung, KS; Harrison, DM; Lodge, K; Parker, A; Sibert, K; Sinatra, RS	1
Brull, SJ; Chung, J; Chung, KS; Donielson, D; Harrison, DM; Silverman, DG; Sinatra, R; Weinstock, A	1

Trials

18 trial(s) available for hydromorphone and Pregnancy

Article	Year
A comparative study of three concentrations of intravenous nalbuphine combined with hydromorphone for post-cesarean delivery analgesia. Chinese medical journal, 2020, Mar-05, Volume: 133, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; Cesarean Section; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Nalbuphine; Pain, Postoperative; Patient Satisfaction; Pregnancy; Visual Analog Scale	2020
Reducing the Number of Opioids Consumed After Discharge Following Elective Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC, 2020, Volume: 42, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Aftercare; Analgesics, Opioid; Cesarean Section; Drug Overdose; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Pain, Postoperative; Patient Discharge; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Pregnancy	2020
Determination of ED50 and time to effectiveness for intrathecal hydromorphone in laboring patients using Dixon's up-and-down sequential allocation method. BMC anesthesiology, 2018, 10-05, Volume: 18, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics, Opioid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Injections, Spinal; Labor Pain; Pain Measurement; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies; Time Factors; Young Adult	2018
The median local analgesic dose of intrathecal bupivacaine with hydromorphone for labour: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 2013, Volume: 60, Issue:11 Topics: Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Local; Bupivacaine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Injections, Spinal; Labor Pain; Labor Stage, First; Pain Measurement; Pregnancy; Time Factors	2013
Intrathecal Hydromorphone and Morphine for Postcesarean Delivery Analgesia: Determination of the ED90 Using a Sequential Allocation Biased-Coin Method. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2016, Volume: 123, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia, Spinal; Cesarean Section; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Injections, Spinal; Morphine; Pain Management; Pain, Postoperative; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies; Random Allocation	2016
Postoperative subcutaneous instillation of low-dose ketorolac but not hydromorphone reduces wound exudate concentrations of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 and improves analgesia following cesarean delivery. The journal of pain, 2013, Volume: 14, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Local; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bupivacaine; Cesarean Section; Cytokines; Double-Blind Method; Exudates and Transudates; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Injections, Subcutaneous; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-6; Ketorolac; Pain Measurement; Pain, Postoperative; Postoperative Care; Pregnancy	2013
[Combined use of intrathecal morphine and diclofenac suppository for postoperative analgesia after caesarean section]. Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology, 2003, Volume: 52, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Anesthesia, Spinal; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cesarean Section; Diclofenac; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Injections, Spinal; Pain, Postoperative; Pregnancy; Suppositories	2003
The risk of cesarean delivery with neuraxial analgesia given early versus late in labor. The New England journal of medicine, 2005, Feb-17, Volume: 352, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics, Opioid; Cesarean Section; Female; Fentanyl; Humans; Hydromorphone; Infant, Newborn; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Spinal; Labor, Obstetric; Multivariate Analysis; Pain; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Risk; Time Factors	2005
Strategies to induce labor analgesia with epidural hydromorphone. International journal of obstetric anesthesia, 2008, Volume: 17, Issue:1 Topics: Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Female; Fentanyl; Humans; Hydromorphone; Pain Measurement; Pregnancy	2008
Epidural morphine vs hydromorphone in post-caesarean section patients. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 1996, Volume: 43, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia, Epidural; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Cesarean Section; Double-Blind Method; Female; Fentanyl; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hydromorphone; Incidence; Lidocaine; Morphine; Nausea; Pain Measurement; Pain, Postoperative; Patient Satisfaction; Pregnancy; Pruritus	1996
Patient-controlled epidural analgesia: interactions between nalbuphine and hydromorphone. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1997, Volume: 84, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; Analgesics, Opioid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Nalbuphine; Pregnancy	1997
Epidural patient-controlled analgesia: an alternative to intravenous patient-controlled analgesia for pain relief after cesarean delivery. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1992, Volume: 75, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, Epidural; Bupivacaine; Cesarean Section; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Injections, Intravenous; Pain, Postoperative; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies	1992
Epidural patient-controlled analgesia: influence of bupivacaine and hydromorphone basal infusion on pain control after cesarean delivery. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1992, Volume: 75, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; Bupivacaine; Cesarean Section; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Pain, Postoperative; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies	1992
Epidural hydromorphone for postcesarean analgesia. Obstetrics and gynecology, 1986, Volume: 68, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Epidural; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Bupivacaine; Cesarean Section; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Nausea; Pain, Postoperative; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies; Pruritus; Random Allocation; Time Factors; Vomiting	1986
Epidural hydromorphone: a double-blind comparison with intramuscular hydromorphone for postcesarean section analgesia. Anesthesiology, 1987, Volume: 66, Issue:6 Topics: Cesarean Section; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Injections, Epidural; Injections, Intramuscular; Pain, Postoperative; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies; Random Allocation	1987
Epidural hydromorphone with and without epinephrine for post-operative analgesia after cesarean delivery. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1989, Volume: 68, Issue:3 Topics: Carbon Dioxide; Cesarean Section; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epinephrine; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Pain, Postoperative; Pregnancy; Respiration	1989
A comparison of morphine, meperidine, and oxymorphone as utilized in patient-controlled analgesia following cesarean delivery. Anesthesiology, 1989, Volume: 70, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Epidural; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Cesarean Section; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Meperidine; Morphine; Oxymorphone; Pain, Postoperative; Pregnancy; Random Allocation; Self Administration	1989
An evaluation of morphine and oxymorphone administered via patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) or PCA plus basal infusion in postcesarean-delivery patients. Anesthesiology, 1989, Volume: 71, Issue:4 Topics: Cesarean Section; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Infusion Pumps; Morphine; Oxymorphone; Pain, Postoperative; Pregnancy; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Self Administration	1989

Other Studies

27 other study(ies) available for hydromorphone and Pregnancy

Article	Year
Brief Hydromorphone Exposure During Pregnancy Sufficient to Induce Maternal and Neonatal Microbial Dysbiosis. Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, 2022, Volume: 17, Issue:1-2 Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Female; Hydromorphone; Mice; Pregnancy; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S	2022
Characteristics of Prescription Opioid Analgesics in Pregnancy and Risk of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome in Newborns. JAMA network open, 2022, 08-01, Volume: 5, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Codeine; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Hydrocodone; Hydromorphone; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Methadone; Morphine; Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome; Oxycodone; Pain; Pregnancy; Prescriptions; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tramadol; United States	2022
Analgesic effect of butorphanol tartrate combined with hydromorphone on patients with cesarean section: A prospective cohort study. Medicine, 2022, Dec-02, Volume: 101, Issue:48 Topics: Butorphanol; Cesarean Section; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Infant, Newborn; Jaundice, Neonatal; Pain; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies	2022
Safety of prenatal opioid analgesics: Do results differ between public health insurance beneficiary and population-based cohorts? Birth defects research, 2023, 03-15, Volume: 115, Issue:5 Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Codeine; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Insurance Benefits; Oxycodone; Pregnancy; Public Health	2023
Comparison of postoperative pain between patients who underwent primary and repeated cesarean section: a prospective cohort study. BMC anesthesiology, 2019, 10-22, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Cesarean Section; Cesarean Section, Repeat; Cohort Studies; Female; Flurbiprofen; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hydromorphone; Pain Measurement; Pain, Postoperative; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies	2019
Single dose epidural hydromorphone in labour pain: maternal pharmacokinetics and neonatal exposure. European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2020, Volume: 76, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics, Opioid; Apgar Score; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Infant, Newborn; Labor Pain; Male; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Pilot Projects; Pregnancy; Young Adult	2020
Trends in Postpartum Opioid Prescribing: A Time Series Analysis. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2021, Volume: 110, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Breast Feeding; Codeine; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Infant, Newborn; Interrupted Time Series Analysis; Lactation; Morphine; Ontario; Oxycodone; Postpartum Period; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Pregnancy; Young Adult	2021
Discordant Umbilical Cord Drug Testing Results in Monozygotic Twins. Journal of analytical toxicology, 2018, Jun-01, Volume: 42, Issue:5 Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Fetal Blood; Humans; Hydromorphone; Illicit Drugs; Infant, Newborn; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Neonatal Screening; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Reproducibility of Results; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Substance Abuse Detection; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Twins, Monozygotic	2018
Aortocaval compression during early pregnancy: are there other causes? International journal of obstetric anesthesia, 2013, Volume: 22, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Local; Aorta, Thoracic; Bupivacaine; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Hysterectomy; Laparotomy; Leiomyoma; Ovariectomy; Pain, Postoperative; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular; Uterine Neoplasms; Vena Cava, Inferior	2013
Analgesia after Cesarean delivery: a retrospective comparison of intrathecal hydromorphone and morphine. Journal of clinical anesthesia, 2013, Volume: 25, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics, Opioid; Cesarean Section; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Injections, Spinal; Morphine; Nausea; Pain Measurement; Pain, Postoperative; Pregnancy; Pruritus; Respiratory Insufficiency; Retrospective Studies; Time Factors; Vomiting	2013
Marked variability in peri-partum anesthetic management of patients on buprenorphine maintenance therapy (BMT): can there be an underlying acute opioid induced hyperalgesia precipitated by neuraxial opioids in BMT patients? Middle East journal of anaesthesiology, 2013, Volume: 22, Issue:3 Topics: Acetaminophen; Adolescent; Adult; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics, Opioid; Buprenorphine; Cesarean Section; Delivery, Obstetric; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Hyperalgesia; Ibuprofen; Opiate Substitution Treatment; Opioid-Related Disorders; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult	2013
Determination of ED International journal of obstetric anesthesia, 2016, Volume: 28 Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia, Spinal; Cesarean Section; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Pain, Postoperative; Pregnancy; Young Adult	2016
Neuraxial opioids for post-cesarean delivery analgesia: can hydromorphone replace morphine? A retrospective study. International journal of obstetric anesthesia, 2017, Volume: 30 Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesics, Opioid; Cesarean Section; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Injections, Spinal; Morphine; Pain, Postoperative; Pregnancy; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult	2017
Breast milk hydrocodone and hydromorphone levels in mothers using hydrocodone for postpartum pain. Obstetrics and gynecology, 2011, Volume: 117, Issue:3 Topics: Acetaminophen; Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Female; Humans; Hydrocodone; Hydromorphone; Milk, Human; Pain; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Young Adult	2011
Intrathecal hydromorphone for postoperative analgesia after cesarean delivery: a retrospective study. AANA journal, 2012, Volume: 80, Issue:4 Suppl Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics, Opioid; Cesarean Section; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Injections, Spinal; Labor Pain; Pregnancy; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult	2012
Intrathecal hydromorphone for cesarean delivery: in search of improved postoperative pain management: a case report. AANA journal, 2011, Volume: 79, Issue:5 Topics: Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics, Opioid; Cesarean Section; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Injections, Spinal; Nurse Anesthetists; Pain, Postoperative; Pregnancy; Young Adult	2011
[Latent tetany as cause of habitual abortion]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 1953, Oct-16, Volume: 78, Issue:42 Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Abortion, Induced; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Pregnancy; Tetany	1953
An evaluation of oxymorphone in labor. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 1962, Oct-01, Volume: 84 Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Anesthesiology; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Labor, Obstetric; Obstetrics; Oxymorphone; Pregnancy	1962
Clinical evaluation of a new analgesic in obstetrics and gynecology. New York state journal of medicine, 1962, Dec-15, Volume: 62 Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Anesthesiology; Female; Gynecology; Humans; Hydromorphone; Obstetrics; Postoperative Care; Pregnancy	1962
Oxymorphone during parturition, its effect on the newborn. Pennsylvania medical journal (1928), 1963, Volume: 66 Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Delivery, Obstetric; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Infant, Newborn; Obstetrics; Oxymorphone; Parturition; Pregnancy	1963
WEBER-CHRISTIAN DISEASE, AMENORRHEA AND PREGNANCY. A CASE REPORT. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 1964, Jun-01, Volume: 89 Topics: Abortion, Induced; Amenorrhea; Castration; Contraceptive Agents; Contraceptives, Oral; Cortisone; Deoxyribonuclease I; Drug Therapy; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Hysterectomy; Neurosurgery; Ovary; Panniculitis; Panniculitis, Nodular Nonsuppurative; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Streptodornase and Streptokinase; Streptokinase; Sympathectomy	1964
COMPARATIVE DISTRIBUTION OF TRITIUM-LABELED DIHYDROMORPHINE BETWEEN MATERNAL AND FETAL RATS. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1965, Volume: 148 Topics: Animals; Brain; Dihydromorphine; Female; Fetus; Humans; Hydromorphone; Kidney; Liver; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Metabolism; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Radiometry; Rats; Research; Spinal Cord; Tritium	1965
Numorphan in labor. A preliminary report. Obstetrics and gynecology, 1960, Volume: 16 Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Labor, Obstetric; Obstetrics; Oxymorphone; Pregnancy	1960
Early respiratory depression with epidural narcotic and intravenous droperidol. Anesthesiology, 1983, Volume: 59, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Analgesia; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Apnea; Cesarean Section; Droperidol; Drug Interactions; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Nausea; Pain, Postoperative; Pregnancy	1983
Continuous epidural infusion of 0.05% bupivacaine plus hydromorphone for labor analgesia: an observational assessment in 1830 parturients. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2002, Volume: 94, Issue:5 Topics: Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Local; Bupivacaine; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies	2002
The nature of opioid responsiveness and its implications for neuropathic pain: new hypotheses derived from studies of opioid infusions. Pain, 1990, Volume: 43, Issue:3 Topics: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Male; Models, Neurological; Narcotics; Nervous System Diseases; Pain; Pregnancy	1990
[Pain treatment during pregnancy and opiate addiction in both mother and child]. Lakartidningen, 1988, Feb-03, Volume: 85, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Infant, Newborn; Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome; Pain; Pancreatitis; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Substance-Related Disorders	1988