Page last updated: 2024-12-07

18,19-dihydroetorphine

Description

18,19-Dihydroetorphine is a synthetic opioid analgesic that is closely related to etorphine. It is a potent and long-acting drug, with analgesic effects similar to those of etorphine.

**Importance for Research:**

1. **Understanding Opioid Pharmacology:** 18,19-dihydroetorphine is a valuable tool for studying opioid receptors and their role in pain perception. Its high potency allows for investigation of subtle changes in opioid receptor function and signaling pathways.

2. **Development of Novel Analgesics:** Research on 18,19-dihydroetorphine has contributed to the development of new opioid analgesics with improved efficacy, duration of action, and safety profiles.

3. **Animal Models of Pain:** 18,19-dihydroetorphine is used in animal models of pain to assess the effectiveness of new analgesic drugs and therapies.

4. **Addiction Research:** The potent analgesic effects of 18,19-dihydroetorphine have been used to study the mechanisms of opioid addiction and dependence.

5. **Forensic Toxicology:** 18,19-dihydroetorphine is a controlled substance and its presence in biological samples can be indicative of opioid abuse or poisoning.

**Pharmacological Properties:**

* **Potency:** 18,19-dihydroetorphine is significantly more potent than morphine, with an estimated potency of 10-20 times greater.
* **Duration of Action:** It has a long duration of action, lasting several hours.
* **Mechanism of Action:** It acts as a potent agonist at mu-opioid receptors, leading to analgesia, sedation, respiratory depression, and euphoria.

**Safety Concerns:**

18,19-dihydroetorphine is a highly potent drug with significant safety risks, including:

* **Respiratory Depression:** Can cause serious respiratory problems, including death.
* **Addiction and Dependence:** Prolonged use can lead to addiction and dependence.
* **Overdose:** Accidental overdose can be fatal.

**Regulation:**

Due to its high potency and potential for abuse, 18,19-dihydroetorphine is a Schedule II controlled substance in the United States and is tightly regulated.

**Conclusion:**

18,19-dihydroetorphine is a potent opioid analgesic that has played a crucial role in research on opioid pharmacology, pain management, and addiction. However, its high potency and safety concerns necessitate careful handling and regulation.

18,19-dihydroetorphine: RN given refers to (5alpha,7alpha(R))-isomer; structure given in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID107765
SCHEMBL ID117061
MeSH IDM0106925

Synonyms (21)

Synonym
PDSP2_001434
dihydroetorphine
DB01450
7,8-dihydro-7alpha-(1-(r)-hydroxy-1-methylbutyl)-6,14-endo-ethanotetrahydrooripavine
6,14-ethenomorphinan-7-methanol, 4,5-epoxy-18,19-dihydro-3-hydroxy-6-methoxy-alpha,17-dimethyl-alpha-propyl-, (alphar,5alpha,7alpha)-
6,14-ethenomorphinan-7-methanol, 4,5-epoxy-18,19-dihydro-3-hydroxy-6-methoxy-alpha,17-dimethyl-alpha-propyl-, (5alpha,7alpha(r))-
18,19-dihydroetorphine
tetrahydro-7alpha-(1-hydroxy-1-methylbutyl)-6,14-endo-ethanooripavine
qqx8s479yv ,
14357-76-7
unii-qqx8s479yv
dea no. 9334
tetrahydro-7.alpha.-(1-hydroxy-1-methylbutyl)-6,14-endo-ethanooripavine
6,14-ethenomorphinan-7-methanol, 4,5-epoxy-18,19-dihydro-3-hydroxy-6-methoxy-.alpha.,17-dimethyl-.alpha.-propyl-, (.alpha.r,5.alpha.,7.alpha.)
dihydroetorphine [who-dd]
ids-nd-025
7,8-dihydro-7.alpha.-(1-(r)-hydroxy-1-methylbutyl)-6,14-endoethanotetrahydrooripavine
SCHEMBL117061
DTXSID60905082
Q1225158
(1s,2s,6r,14r,15r,16r)-16-[(2r)-2-hydroxypentan-2-yl]-15-methoxy-5-methyl-13-oxa-5-azahexacyclo[13.2.2.12,8.01,6.02,14.012,20]icosa-8(20),9,11-trien-11-ol

Research Excerpts

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"To evaluate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of a novel opioid analgesic, dihydroetorphine (DHE), concentrations of DHE and its glucuronide (DG) in plasma and central nervous system (by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) and the antinociceptive effect (by tail-immersion test) were measured after intravenous (i."( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluations of a potent analgesic, dihydroetorphine, in hairless rat.
Hayashi, T; Kawase, M; Morimoto, Y; Ohmori, S; Saito, S, 2001
)
0.31
" These characteristics are accounted for by the pharmacokinetic properties of DHE in the rat, namely, by rapid distribution of DHE from the injection site to the brain and rapid metabolism by glucuronidation in the gut and liver followed by elimination into the bile."( Dihydroetorphine: a potent analgesic: pharmacology, toxicology, pharmacokinetics, and clinical effects.
Morimoto, Y; Ohmori, S, 2002
)
0.31
" The authors measured isohypercapnic ventilation, pain threshold, and tolerance responses to electrical noxious stimulation and arterial blood samples for pharmacokinetic analysis."( Analgesic and Respiratory Depressant Effects of R-dihydroetorphine: A Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Analysis in Healthy Male Volunteers.
Baily, P; Boom, M; Dahan, A; Niesters, M; Oksche, A; Olofsen, E; Sarton, E; Smith, KJ; van Velzen, M, 2019
)
0.51

Compound-Compound Interactions

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"To study the analgesia efficacy of drugs combined with acupuncture analgesia for painless labor, 462 normal pregnancy women were observed."( [Clinical study on painless labor under drugs combined with acupuncture analgesia].
Jin, Y; Wu, L; Xia, Y, 1996
)
0.29

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" To achieve an excellent pain relief by higher dosage of DHE and tramadol need further randomized investigation."( [Influence of dihydroetorphine hydrochloride and tramadol on labor pain and umbilical blood gas].
Li, E; Weng, L, 1995
)
0.29
" A good dose-response relationship was found between the 100% suppressive withdrawal sign doses of DHE and the degree of withdrawal sign in heroin addicts."( [Clinical assessment of physical dependence potential of dihydroetorphine hydrochloride (DHE)].
Cai, ZJ; Ge, Y; Li, M; Sun, WL, 1994
)
0.29
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (59)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19908 (13.56)18.7374
1990's37 (62.71)18.2507
2000's12 (20.34)29.6817
2010's2 (3.39)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 10.64

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index10.64 (24.57)
Research Supply Index4.14 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.79 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index0.00 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index0.00 (0.95)

This Compound (10.64)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials3 (5.08%)5.53%
Reviews2 (3.39%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other54 (91.53%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
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