Page last updated: 2024-09-27

Opiate Overdose

Accidental or deliberate use of an OPIOID in excess of normal dosage. It includes overdose for prescription and illicit opioids.

Synonyms(2)

Synonym
Opiate Overdose
Opioid Overdose

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"Opioid overdose is a public health emergency in the United States."( Davis, CS; Lieberman, AJ, 2021)
"Opioid overdose is preventable and reversible."( Latkin, C; Likindikoki, S; Mbwambo, J; Nonyane, BAS; Saleem, HT, 2021)
"Opioid overdose is a leading cause of death in the United States."( Bergstein, RS; King, K; Latimore, AD; Melendez-Torres, GJ, 2021)
"Opioid overdoses are a major public health emergency in the United States."( Adams, K; Andrews-Higgins, SA; Auritt, V; Back, S; Barkowski, LK; Batty, EJ; Behrooz, MR; Bell, S; Chen, S; Christopher, MC; Coovert, N; Crable, EL; Dasgupta, A; Drainoni, ML; Goddard-Eckrich, D; Goetz, M; Hartman, JL; Heffer, H; Iftikhar, P; Jones, L; Knudsen, HK; Lang, S; Lunze, K; Martin, A; McAlearney, AS; McCrimmon, T; Reedy-Johnson, MK; Roeber, C; Scalise, AL; Sieck, CJ; Walker, DM; Walt, G; Wood, JD; Zito, P, 2022)
"Opioid overdoses are responsible for the majority of overdose deaths worldwide."( Brumwell, A; Scheibe, A; Shelly, S; Stowe, MJ; Wilson, M, 2022)
"Fatal opioid overdose is a significant public health problem with increasing incidence in developed countries."( Bradshaw, CA; Fuller, GW; John, A; Jones, J; Jones, M; Snooks, H; Watkins, A, 2022)
"Opioid overdose is a leading public health problem in the United States; however, national data on overdose deaths are delayed by several months or more."( Bowen, D; Guy, GP; Heuett, WJ; Holland, K; Jones, CM; Pressley, DP; Sumner, SA; Vivolo-Kantor, A; Zwald, ML, 2022)
"Fatal and nonfatal opioid overdoses are at record levels, and emergency department (ED) visits may be an opportune time to intervene."( Beaudoin, FL; Daly, MM; Hallowell, BD; Jacka, BP; Langdon, KJ; Li, Y; Marshall, BDL; Newman, RA; Peachey, AM; Samuels, EA, 2022)
"Opioid overdoses are a leading cause of preventable death in the United States."( Becker, WC; Black, AC; D'Onofrio, G; Fiellin, DA; Grau, LE; Greene, C; Hawk, KE; Heimer, R; Howell, BA; Lee, H; Lin, HJ, 2023)
"The rate of opioid overdose is markedly elevated after prison release, particularly in the first two weeks."( Hartung, DM; Kempany, K; McCracken, CM; Nguyen, T; Waddell, EN, 2023)
"Opioid overdose is a leading cause of maternal mortality, yet limited attention has been given to the consequences of opioid use disorder (OUD) in the year following delivery when most drug-related deaths occur."( Coulter, RWS; Frankeberger, J; Jarlenski, M; Krans, EE; Mair, C, 2023)
"Nonfatal opioid overdose is the leading risk factor for subsequent fatal overdose and represents a critical opportunity to reduce future overdose and mortality."( Bagley, SM; Beletsky, L; Carroll, JJ; Formica, SW; Green, TC; Kimmel, SD; Lambert, AM; Rosenbloom, D; Walley, AY; Xuan, Z; Yan, S, 2023)

Context

ExcerptReference
"Opioid overdose has become the leading cause of death among adults between 25 and 54 years old in the U."( Carroll, JJ; Green, TC; Rich, JD, 2020)
"Survivors of opioid overdose have substantially increased mortality risk, although this risk is not evenly distributed across individuals."( Cochran, G; Donohue, JM; Gellad, WF; Gordon, AJ; Guo, J; Huang, JL; Kuza, CC; Lo-Ciganic, WH; Malone, DC; Weiss, JC; Yang, Q, 2021)
"Opioid overdoses have increased substantially over the last 20 years, with over 400 000 deaths in North America."( Buckeridge, DL; Filion, KB; Liu, EY; Tamblyn, R, 2021)
"For several years, opioid overdoses have been a leading cause of maternal mortality in several states."( Duska, M; Goodman, D, 2022)
"Opioid overdose has claimed the lives of over 340,000 Americans in the last decade."( Dowd, WN, 2023)

Treatment

ExcerptReference
"Naloxone, the antidote for an opioid overdose, can save the life of an opioid overdose victim if it is readily available and administered quickly."( Hill, LG; Holleran Steiker, LK; Kinzly, ML; Mazin, L, 2020)
"Peers of individuals at risk of opioid overdose are well-positioned to administer naloxone and prevent overdose death."( Hanson, BL; Porter, RR; Terhorst-Miller, H; Zöld, AL, 2020)
"Patients with a history of opioid overdose (n = 274) receiving residential addiction treatment in the Midwestern United States completed self-report surveys to classify their most recent opioid overdose as unintentional, actively suicidal (wanted to die), or passively suicidal (didn't care about the risks)."( Bohnert, ASB; Fernandez, AC; Gicquelais, RE; Jannausch, M; Sen, S; Thomas, L, 2020)
"Over half of opioid overdoses among individuals in addiction treatment involved some degree of suicidal thinking."( Bohnert, ASB; Fernandez, AC; Gicquelais, RE; Jannausch, M; Sen, S; Thomas, L, 2020)
"In this review, we present trends in opioid overdose rates during this period and discuss how the proliferation of opioid prescribing to treat chronic pain, changes in the heroin and illegally manufactured opioid synthetics markets, and social factors, including deindustrialization and concentrated poverty, contributed to the rise of the overdose epidemic."( Cerdá, M; Friedman, SR; Hamilton, L; Keyes, KM; Krawczyk, N; Rudolph, KE, 2021)
"Patients may be vulnerable to opioid overdose if they attempt to override the blockade during treatment, at the end of a dosing interval, after missing a dose, or after discontinuing treatment."( Akerman, SC; Bloomgren, G; Desai, A; Fratantonio, J; Jain, P; Liles-Burden, MA; Marino, R; McKinnell, K; Sullivan, MA; Vunnava, P; Wenten, M, 2021)
"Reporting rates of opioid overdose per 10,000 patients treated were similar among latency groups: 0."( Akerman, SC; Bloomgren, G; Desai, A; Fratantonio, J; Jain, P; Liles-Burden, MA; Marino, R; McKinnell, K; Sullivan, MA; Vunnava, P; Wenten, M, 2021)
"The 2017 declaration of the opioid overdose epidemic as a public health emergency in the United States enhanced a national focus on effective and sustainable treatments for opioid use disorder (OUD), including multiple options utilizing medication."( Carlson, M; Howell, V; Moore, K; Schuman-Olivier, Z; Sharp, A, 2021)
"Naloxone effectively reverses opioid overdoses on a physiological level; however, there are outstanding questions on community THN program effectiveness (adverse events, dosing requirements, dose-response between routes of administration) and implementation (accessibility, availability, and affordability)."( Ali, F; Buxton, JA; Dhillon, D; Elton-Marshall, T; Ferguson, M; Leece, P; Moustaqim-Barrette, A; Ng, J; Rittenbach, K; Sundvick, K, 2021)
"Treatment of prehospital opioid overdose using intranasal naloxone at an initial dose of 0."( Brent, C; Bui, P; Herbert, L; Mills, D; Salter, J; Thompson, J; Wagner, D, 2022)
"Individuals with a recent ED visit for opioid overdose were in treatment for shorter duration (odds ratio [OR] 0."( Au, VYO; Chawar, C; Hillmer, A; Marsh, DC; Rosic, T; Samaan, Z; Sanger, N; Thabane, L; Worster, A, 2021)
"Medically treated opioid overdoses identify a population at high risk of subsequent mortality and need for treatment."( Crystal, S; Nowels, M; Olfson, M; Samples, H; Treitler, P; Williams, AR, 2021)
"Naloxone can reverse opioid overdoses and can be distributed and administered with minimal training."( Alavi, M; Christmass, M; Conway, A; Degenhardt, L; Dore, GJ; Dunlop, A; Gilliver, R; Grebely, J; Harrod, ME; Hayllar, J; Henderson, C; Lam, T; Marshall, AD; Montebello, M; Peacock, A; Read, P; Reid, D; Silk, D; Treloar, C; Valerio, H; Whitton, G, 2021)
"In response to the opioid overdose crisis, providers were urged to taper and discontinue patients from long-term opioid therapy; however, abrupt discontinuation may lead to poor health outcomes."( Beaugard, CA; Chui, KKH; Larochelle, MR; Stopka, TJ; Walley, AY; Young, LD, 2022)
"Adults with recreational opioid overdose who developed naloxone-associated pulmonary edema, defined as the acute onset of respiratory distress, hypoxemia, and radiographic pulmonary edema after naloxone administration for opioid intoxication, provided that gas exchange and chest imaging rapidly improved and pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents was not clinically suspected."( Kempainen, RR; Kummer, RL; Leatherman, JW; Olives, TD; Prekker, ME, 2022)
"Patients with medically-treated opioid overdose are at high risk for subsequent adverse outcomes, including repeat overdose."( Crystal, S; Nowels, M; Olfson, M; Samples, H; Treitler, P; Williams, AR, 2022)
"The primary outcome was opioid overdose (fatal and non-fatal) while on treatment, with secondary outcomes including opioid overdose (first 30 days of treatment), treatment discontinuation, health-care interactions related to treatment of opioid use disorder, receiving a weekly supply of take-home doses and opioid overdose within 30 days of treatment discontinuation."( Antoniou, T; Bozinoff, N; Campbell, T; Gomes, T; Mamdani, M; McCormack, D; Munro, C; Paterson, JM; Sproule, B; Tadrous, M, 2022)
"Risk of opioid overdose while on treatment [hazard ratio (HR) = 0."( Antoniou, T; Bozinoff, N; Campbell, T; Gomes, T; Mamdani, M; McCormack, D; Munro, C; Paterson, JM; Sproule, B; Tadrous, M, 2022)
"Since 2017, an increasing number of opioid overdoses in Oslo, Norway, has been categorized as involving unspecified opioids, as noted in the patient records by the doctor treating the patient."( Brekke, M; Iqbal, ZZ; Nguyen, TMT; Vallersnes, OM, 2022)
"Identifying Wyoming counties with high opioid overdose vulnerabilities and limited access to overdose treatment can inform public health and harm reduction responses."( Fowler, L; Lingwall, C; Newsky, S; Pustz, J; Shrestha, S; Stopka, TJ; Taylor, M; Van Handel, M, 2022)
"Higher opioid overdose mortality rates are problematic in rural communities, and there are few prevention, treatment, and recovery resources for individuals experiencing opioid use disorder."( Cody, SL; Glenn, CJ; Hines, CB; Newman, S; Sharp-Marbury, R, 2023)
"Higher opioid overdose mortality rates are problematic in rural communities, and there are few prevention, treatment, and recovery resources for individuals experiencing opioid use disorder."( Cody, SL; Glenn, CJ; Hines, CB; Newman, S; Sharp-Marbury, R, 2023)
"Higher opioid overdose mortality rates are problematic in rural communities, and there are few prevention, treatment, and recovery resources for individuals experiencing opioid use disorder."( Cody, SL; Glenn, CJ; Hines, CB; Newman, S; Sharp-Marbury, R, 2023)
"One of the most robust tools to combat opioid overdose deaths is buprenorphine, a partial opioid agonist, and gold standard medication treatment for OUD, but only 5% of the prescribing workforce possess the required Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) X waiver."( Hailer, L; Jones, KF; O'Reilly Jacob, M; Spetz, J; Tierney, M, 2023)
"Clinical opioid overdose risk prediction models can be useful tools to reduce the risk of overdose in patients prescribed long-term opioid therapy (LTOT)."( Binswanger, IA; Fairbairn, LM; Glanz, JM; Narwaney, KJ; Nguyen, AP; Wright, L; Zeng, C, 2023)
"We obtain annual county-level counts of opioid overdose deaths, treatment admissions for opioid misuse, and newly diagnosed cases of acute and chronic hepatitis C and newly diagnosed HIV from 2014 to 2019."( Bonny, A; Hepler, SA; Kline, D; McKnight, E; Miller, WC; Waller, LA, 2023)
"Given the ongoing burden of opioid overdoses, continued multipronged efforts are needed to remove barriers to buprenorphine care and increase availability of this lifesaving treatment."( Christine, PJ; Larochelle, MR; Lin, LA; McBride, J; Tipirneni, R, 2023)
"Opioid use disorder and opioid overdose continue to be significant public health challenges despite the availability of effective treatments."( France, CP; Maguire, DR, 2024)

Research

Studies (570)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-19900 (0.00)23.3326
1990's0 (0.00)12.5806
2000's0 (0.00)18.1394
2010's1 (0.18)28.8240
2020's569 (99.82)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
bupropion0low10
acetaminophen0low10
alprazolam0low10
amitriptyline0low10
baclofen0low40
carisoprodol0low20
chlorzoxazone0low10
clonidine0low10
cyclobenzaprine0low10
fentanyl0medium731
fluconazole0low10
fluoxetine0low10
gabapentin0low20
lorazepam0low10
methadone0low220
methocarbamol0low20
mirtazapine0low10
apnea0low20
orphenadrine0low10
phenacetin0low10
xylazine0low30
lactose0medium11
methamphetamine0low80
etonitazene0low20
levamisole0low10
tramadol0low30
paroxetine0low10
simvastatin0low10
carfentanil0low40
4-fluorofentanyl0low10
n-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate0low10
norbuprenorphine0low10
cocaine0low50
n-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-n-phenylacetamide0low10
buprenorphine0medium591
freedom0low10
humulene0low20
codeine0low20
hydrocodone0low20
hydromorphone0low30
nalmefene0low20
naloxone0medium22414
oxycodone0low70
topiramate0low10
morphine0low60
naltrexone0medium101
heroin0low320
6-o-monoacetylmorphine0low10
enkephalin, ala(2)-mephe(4)-gly(5)-0low10
tapentadol0low10
buprenorphine, naloxone drug combination0low60
quetiapine fumarate0low10
piperidines0low20
methocinnamox0low20
naloxazone0low10
leptin0low10

Protein Targets (556)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
TDP1 protein120012
GLI family zinc finger 39009
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha8008
pregnane X nuclear receptor9009
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha170017
cytochrome P450 2D6140014
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma7007
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 28008
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit4004
Glutamate receptor 24004
Mu-type opioid receptor013521
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10617
Liver carboxylesterase 10003
Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor member X20055
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma100010
ATAD5 protein, partial5005
GLS protein8008
Microtubule-associated protein tau2002
Smad34004
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A12002
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor7007
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 38008
progesterone receptor4004
EWS/FLI fusion protein7007
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1100010
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha6006
aryl hydrocarbon receptor2002
chromobox protein homolog 18008
peripheral myelin protein 226006
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 15005
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi5106
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3012012
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4012012
Solute carrier family 22 member 60202
Carbonic anhydrase 120203
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A90001
Bile salt export pump0101
Bile salt export pump021021
Cytochrome P450 2B10001
Cytochrome P450 1A10001
Carbonic anhydrase 10304
Carbonic anhydrase 20315
Myoglobin0101
Cytochrome P450 1A10012
Cytochrome P450 1A20103
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10101
Carbonic anhydrase 30202
Cytochrome P450 3A40516
Cytochrome P450 2D60809
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0606
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX150101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-15106
Sulfotransferase 1A1 0001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta5106
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-25117
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-60304
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-55106
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-35106
Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein0202
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 0305
Carbonic anhydrase 40203
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10202
Carbonic anhydrase 60203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-15106
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-25106
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-45106
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-35106
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-65106
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0214
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20102
Carbonic anhydrase 70203
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma1001
Cytochrome P450 2J20505
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-15117
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-35106
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-25117
Carbonic anhydrase 90203
GABA theta subunit5106
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1012012
Carbonic anhydrase 150202
Carbonic anhydrase 130203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon5106
Carbonic anhydrase 140203
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial0203
toxin B0001
AR protein100010
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]120012
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a5005
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 11001
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 12002
lamin isoform A-delta10130013
Bromodomain-containing protein 40011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10314
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20303
Cholecystokinin receptor type A0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-50314
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30314
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20314
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-20303
Cholecystokinin receptor type A0101
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 54004
Ataxin-27007
Chain A, HADH2 protein1001
Chain B, HADH2 protein1001
thioredoxin reductase7007
USP1 protein, partial5005
NFKB1 protein, partial3003
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4110011
arylsulfatase A6006
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 15005
D(1A) dopamine receptor7007
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 precursor4004
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 14004
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 18008
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M16006
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 013015
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B2002
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F0303
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 40606
Albumin0022
High affinity nerve growth factor receptor0123
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10808
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20606
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40606
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10404
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30303
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40303
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0606
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50303
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50808
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor09211
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20303
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10808
Angiotensin-converting enzyme0606
D(2) dopamine receptor0505
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0606
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor09110
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0617
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0505
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30808
D(1A) dopamine receptor0202
D(1B) dopamine receptor0101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A40304
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter 012315
Histamine H2 receptor0404
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0415
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0707
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0707
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0505
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0505
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60202
Histamine H1 receptor0101
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter012416
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5B0202
Histamine H1 receptor0606
D(3) dopamine receptor0505
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha0101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A30003
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0404
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0628
Histamine H2 receptor4106
D(1A) dopamine receptor4004
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60606
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70404
Voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B0202
Sodium channel protein type 7 subunit alpha0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D 0303
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter 010212
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2013013
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S0303
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0303
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 0202
Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 3 0606
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0101
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1014014
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0202
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha0101
Histamine H3 receptor0202
Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha0101
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2110011
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 14004
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A2002
phosphopantetheinyl transferase2002
regulator of G-protein signaling 45005
67.9K protein1001
activating transcription factor 63003
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 14004
Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 20213
Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 20202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 10213
Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 10101
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase7007
Kappa-type opioid receptor011113
Kappa-type opioid receptor017629
Acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha0101
Acetylcholine receptor subunit gamma0101
Integrin alpha-50101
Acetylcholine receptor subunit beta0101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B70304
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-20102
Cytochrome P450 2B60103
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0808
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-40102
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-30101
Cytochrome P450 2C190303
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B10 0303
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-70101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-40102
Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta0101
Delta-type opioid receptor012417
Kappa-type opioid receptor09414
Mu-type opioid receptor0201237
Delta-type opioid receptor015626
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE3003
flap endonuclease 12002
ras-related protein Rab-9A4004
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)2002
geminin9009
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 11001
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 32002
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE3003
acetylcholinesterase4004
Thrombopoietin2002
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B3003
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor1001
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 12002
Chain A, Ferritin light chain2002
Chain A, Cruzipain1001
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)1001
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor 0011
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor 0011
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor2002
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor2002
Membrane primary amine oxidase 0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0011
Solute carrier family 22 member 30203
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0224
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0516
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0011
D0303
D(3) dopamine receptor0202
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0505
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A0202
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0505
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0505
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0516
D(1B) dopamine receptor0101
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B0202
Adenosine receptor A2b0011
Adenosine receptor A2a0011
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0001
D(4) dopamine receptor0101
Delta-type opioid receptor010215
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0213
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0112
Spike glycoprotein7007
D(2) dopamine receptor0505
Mu-type opioid receptor010213
Inositol monophosphatase 12002
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0001
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0001
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0101
Nischarin0202
Solute carrier family 22 member 10101
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 10303
Nischarin0101
Chain A, CHIMERA OF IG KAPPA CHAIN: HUMAN CONSTANT REGION AND MOUSE VARIABLE REGION0011
Chain B, CHIMERA OF IG GAMMA-1 CHAIN: HUMAN CONSTANT REGION AND MOUSE VARIABLE REGION0011
Chain H, Fab M82G2, Heavy chain0011
Chain L, Fab M82G2, Light chain0011
Chain H, Fab M82g2, Heavy Chain0011
Chain L, Fab M82g2, Light Chain0011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi0202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta0202
Amyloid-beta precursor protein0101
Fatty acid-binding protein, heart0101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20101
Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10202
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A0202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-30202
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter08110
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 0101
Lysosomal Pro-X carboxypeptidase0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon0202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A 0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B0202
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D0202
Leukotriene B4 receptor 10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-60202
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0404
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-10202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-30202
Leukotriene B4 receptor 20101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta0202
Transporter0707
Cytochrome P450 2D10101
Cytochrome P450 2D260101
Cytochrome P450 2D30101
Kappa-type opioid receptor06311
Mu-type opioid receptor07314
Cytochrome P450 2D40101
15-lipoxygenase, partial1001
Fumarate hydratase3003
PPM1D protein1001
polyprotein3003
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a1001
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor3003
Interferon beta7007
SMAD family member 23003
SMAD family member 33003
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease2002
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)4004
farnesoid X nuclear receptor2002
G6006
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta3003
caspase-32002
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a4004
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 6006
Cellular tumor antigen p537007
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 16006
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial6006
Luciferase1001
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d3003
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20011
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10707
D(4) dopamine receptor0303
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10303
Chain A, BCL-2-RELATED PROTEIN A10011
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA11001
unnamed protein product0101
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 31001
heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha isoform 20001
bcl-2-like protein 11 isoform 10011
Histone deacetylase 30101
Chymotrypsinogen A0101
Beta-lactamase0101
Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase0101
Heme oxygenase 1 0101
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10202
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase0112
Aromatase0101
Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial0101
Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial0101
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10202
Heme oxygenase 20101
Malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic0101
Histone deacetylase 40101
Cytochrome P450 1440011
Steroid C26-monooxygenase0011
Steroid C26-monooxygenase0011
Mycocyclosin synthase0011
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase0011
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase0011
TAR DNA-binding protein 435005
Histone deacetylase 10101
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase0112
Sterol 14-alpha demethylase0011
Sterol 14-alpha demethylase0112
Histone deacetylase 70101
Histone deacetylase 20101
Polyamine deacetylase HDAC100101
Histone deacetylase 11 0101
14-alpha sterol demethylase 0011
Histone deacetylase 80101
Histone deacetylase 60101
Histone deacetylase 90101
Histone deacetylase 50101
heat shock protein 90, putative0001
likely tRNA 2'-phosphotransferase0101
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)3003
Histone H2A.x2002
Caspase-71001
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor2002
caspase-31001
huntingtin isoform 21001
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter0202
Potassium channel subfamily K member 20101
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0101
Cytochrome P450 2C80202
Dipeptidyl peptidase 40101
Acetylcholinesterase0101
Acetylcholinesterase0101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 10101
Gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor 0101
Cytochrome P450 1B10101
Sigma intracellular receptor 20101
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0202
Transporter0101
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0303
thioredoxin glutathione reductase1001
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a1001
survival motor neuron protein isoform d2002
Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-10101
Chain A, Lectin0011
Chain A, Lectin0011
Chain A, Lectin0011
Chain A, Lectin0011
Chain A, ERYTHRINA CRISTA-GALLI LECTIN0011
Chain A, ERYTHRINA CRISTA-GALLI LECTIN0011
Chain A, cellulase0011
Chain A, cellulase0011
Chain A, Galectin-30011
Chain A, Anti-tumor lectin0101
Galectin-30101
Galectin-90011
Galectin-80011
Beta-galactoside-binding lectin0101
Galectin-10113
Galectin-30112
Galectin-30113
Galectin-70011
Alpha 1,4 galactosyltransferase0001
dopamine D1 receptor1001
Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme0202
Alkaline phosphatase, placental type0101
Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme 0202
Intestinal-type alkaline phosphatase0101
Intestinal-type alkaline phosphatase0101
5'-nucleotidase0101
Phospholipase A-2-activating protein0101
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver0101
Translocator protein0101
Aldehyde oxidase 1 0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 30101
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B0101
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B0101
Synaptic vesicular amine transporter0101
Trace amine-associated receptor 10011
Trace amine-associated receptor 10011
Trace amine-associated receptor 10011
Trace amine-associated receptor 10011
glp-1 receptor, partial2002
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70101
Type-2 angiotensin II receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0202
Angiotensin-converting enzyme0101
Opioid receptor, delta 1b 0101
Acetylcholinesterase0202
Opioid receptor homologue0101
Acyl-CoA desaturase 10101
Translocator protein0011
Histidine decarboxylase0033
Proteinase-activated receptor 10224
Nociceptin receptor0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
kappa-type opioid receptor isoform 10101
Beta-galactosidase0011
Adenosine receptor A10101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A80002
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3E0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0101
Nociceptin receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3D0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3C0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 20101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 10101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0101
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 20101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0101
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor1001
M-phase phosphoprotein 81001
Myeloperoxidase0101
Quinolone resistance protein NorA0101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 10101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 30101
Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 10112
Substance-P receptor0101
Rhodopsin kinase GRK10101
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 50101
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 50101
P2X purinoceptor 40101
Envelope glycoprotein0011
Rhodopsin kinase GRK10101
P2X purinoceptor 40101
Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 10001
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA2002
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a1001
Cytochrome P450 1A2 0002
Arylacetamide deacetylase0001
Solute carrier family 22 member 60101
Arylacetamide deacetylase0001
Arylacetamide deacetylase0001
Chain A, Beta-lactamase1001
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A1001
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit1001
PINK11001
Parkin1001
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor1001
photoreceptor-specific nuclear receptor0101
IDH11001
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 21001
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 21001
heat shock protein beta-11001
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK11001
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor1001
plasminogen precursor1001
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor1001
transactivating tegument protein VP16 [Human herpesvirus 1]0101
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3G isoform 11001
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase0202
Insulin receptor 0101
Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 20011
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase 0101
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B10101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 10101
Carbonic anhydrase 0001
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Prolyl endopeptidase0101
Carbonic anhydrase-related protein 110001
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0101
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0101
Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Beta-carbonic anhydrase 10101
Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-70101
Carbonic anhydrase, alpha family 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Delta carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 130101
Carbonic anhydrase 40202
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]