Page last updated: 2024-11-12

du1301

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Description

DU1301: an antimalarial drug that is effective against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	16744610
CHEMBL ID	427452
MeSH ID	M0489065

Synonyms (4)

Synonym
du1301
CHEMBL427452
6-isopropyl-n-[2-[(7-chloroquinoline-4-yl)amino]ethyl]-8abeta-methyl-4abeta,7,8,8a-tetrahydrospiro[1,2,4-benzotrioxin-3,1'-cyclohexane]-4'-amine
n-[(4ar,8as)-8a-methyl-6-propan-2-ylspiro[7,8-dihydro-4ah-1,2,4-benzotrioxine-3,4'-cyclohexane]-1'-yl]-n'-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)ethane-1,2-diamine

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Bioassays (15)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID285484	Toxicity against Swiss mouse at 200 mg/kg, po after 4 days	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Trioxaquines are new antimalarial agents active on all erythrocytic forms, including gametocytes.
AID285472	Antimalarial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum FcM29	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Trioxaquines are new antimalarial agents active on all erythrocytic forms, including gametocytes.
AID285475	Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium vinckei petteri infected orally dosed Swiss Albino mice (Mus musculus)	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Trioxaquines are new antimalarial agents active on all erythrocytic forms, including gametocytes.
AID285470	Antimalarial activity against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum Nigeria	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Trioxaquines are new antimalarial agents active on all erythrocytic forms, including gametocytes.
AID285474	Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium vinckei petteri infected intraperitoneally dosed Swiss Albino mice (Mus musculus)	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Trioxaquines are new antimalarial agents active on all erythrocytic forms, including gametocytes.
AID285471	Antimalarial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum FcB1	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Trioxaquines are new antimalarial agents active on all erythrocytic forms, including gametocytes.
AID285473	Cytotoxicity against human HCT cells assessed as [3H]thymidine incorporation	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Trioxaquines are new antimalarial agents active on all erythrocytic forms, including gametocytes.
AID285476	Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium vinckei petteri infected subcutaneously dosed Swiss Albino mice (Mus musculus)	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Trioxaquines are new antimalarial agents active on all erythrocytic forms, including gametocytes.
AID531312	Induction of heme alkylation in Plasmodium vinckei petteri-infected Swiss albino mice (Mus musculus) kidney assessed as heme-drug adduct at 100 mg/kg, perorally administered as single dose measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8	The antimalarial trioxaquine DU1301 alkylates heme in malaria-infected mice.
AID285491	Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium vinckei petteri infected mice (Mus musculus) at 13 mg/kg/day, peroral administered 4 days after infection for 4 days	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Trioxaquines are new antimalarial agents active on all erythrocytic forms, including gametocytes.
AID285485	Toxicity against Swiss mouse at 400 mg/kg, po after 4 days	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Trioxaquines are new antimalarial agents active on all erythrocytic forms, including gametocytes.
AID531311	Induction of heme alkylation in Plasmodium vinckei petteri-infected Swiss albino mice (Mus musculus) spleen assessed as covalent heme-drug adduct formation at 100 mg/kg, perorally administered as single dose measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrom	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8	The antimalarial trioxaquine DU1301 alkylates heme in malaria-infected mice.
AID1688334	Inhibition of beta-hematin assessed as heme alkylation at 2 molar equivalents incubated for 30 mins by HPLC analysis relative to control	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 188	Current progress in antimalarial pharmacotherapy and multi-target drug discovery.
AID285469	Antimalarial activity against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum F32	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Trioxaquines are new antimalarial agents active on all erythrocytic forms, including gametocytes.
AID285483	Toxicity against Swiss mouse at 100 mg/kg, po after 4 days	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Trioxaquines are new antimalarial agents active on all erythrocytic forms, including gametocytes.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (6)

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	5 (83.33)	29.6817
2010's	0 (0.00)	24.3611
2020's	1 (16.67)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 24.70

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

Metric	This Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index	24.70 (24.57)
Research Supply Index	1.95 (2.92)
Research Growth Index	4.28 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index	17.79 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index	2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (24.70)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	1 (16.67%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	5 (83.33%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
amodiaquine Amodiaquine: A 4-aminoquinoline compound with anti-inflammatory properties.. amodiaquine : A quinoline having a chloro group at the 7-position and an aryl amino group at the 4-position.	3.35	1	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; phenols; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 2.1.1.8 (histamine N-methyltransferase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
chloroquine Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis.	3.86	3	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; autophagy inhibitor; dermatologic drug
dapsone [no description available]	3.35	1	substituted aniline; sulfone	anti-inflammatory drug; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; leprostatic drug
hydroxychloroquine Hydroxychloroquine: A chemotherapeutic agent that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites. Hydroxychloroquine appears to concentrate in food vacuoles of affected protozoa. It inhibits plasmodial heme polymerase. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p970). hydroxychloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is chloroquine in which one of the N-ethyl groups is hydroxylated at position 2. An antimalarial with properties similar to chloroquine that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites, it is mainly used as the sulfate salt for the treatment of lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and light-sensitive skin eruptions.	3.35	1	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; primary alcohol; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug
primaquine Primaquine: An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ovale malarias following treatment with a blood schizontocide. It has also been used to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria by those returning to areas where there is a potential for re-introduction of malaria. Adverse effects include anemias and GI disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeia, 30th ed, p404). primaquine : An N-substituted diamine that is pentane-1,4-diamine substituted by a 6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl group at the N(4) position. It is a drug used in the treatment of malaria and Pneumocystis pneumonia.	3.59	2	aminoquinoline; aromatic ether; N-substituted diamine	antimalarial
pyrimethamine Maloprim: contains above 2 cpds	3.35	1	aminopyrimidine; monochlorobenzenes	antimalarial; antiprotozoal drug; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
quinoline [no description available]	2.05	1	azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; quinolines
sulfadoxine Sulfadoxine: A long acting sulfonamide that is used, usually in combination with other drugs, for respiratory, urinary tract, and malarial infections.. sulfadoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 5- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position. In combination with the antiprotozoal pyrimethamine (CHEBI:8673) it is used as an antimalarial.	3.35	1	pyrimidines; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; antimalarial
artemisinin (+)-artemisinin : A sesquiterpene lactone obtained from sweet wormwood, Artemisia annua, which is used as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria.	3.86	3	organic peroxide; sesquiterpene lactone	antimalarial; plant metabolite
artemether Artemether: An artemisinin derivative that is used in the treatment of MALARIA.. artemether : An artemisinin derivative that is artemisinin in which the lactone has been converted to the corresponding lactol methyl ether. It is used in combination with lumefantrine as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria.	2.03	1	artemisinin derivative; cyclic acetal; organic peroxide; semisynthetic derivative; sesquiterpenoid	antimalarial
atovaquone Atovaquone: A hydroxynaphthoquinone that has antimicrobial activity and is being used in antimalarial protocols.. atovaquone : A naphthoquinone compound having a 4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl group at the 2-position and a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position.	3.59	2	hydroxy-1,2-naphthoquinone
piperaquine piperaquine : An aminoquinoline that is 1,3-di(piperazin-1-yl)propane in which the nitrogen at position 4 of each of the piperazine moieties is replaced by a 7-chloroquinolin-4-yl group.	3.35	1	aminoquinoline; N-arylpiperazine; organochlorine compound	antimalarial
sesquiterpenes [no description available]	2.95	4
quinine [no description available]	3.35	1	cinchona alkaloid	antimalarial; muscle relaxant; non-narcotic analgesic
lumefantrine Lumefantrine: A fluorene derivative that is used in combination with ARTEMETHER for the treatment of MALARIA (see ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE DRUG COMBINATION).. lumefantrine : A member of the class of fluorenes that is 9-(p-chlorobenzylidene)-9H-fluorene which is substitutec by chlorine at positions 2 and 7, and by a 2-(dibutylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group at position 4. An antimalarial drug used in combination with artemether for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria.	3.35	1	fluorenes; monochlorobenzenes; secondary alcohol; tertiary amine	antimalarial
artesunate artesunic acid: RN given for (3R-(3alpha,5abeta,6beta,8abeta,9alpha,10alpha,12beta,(2aR*))-isomer; succinic ester of artemether	3.85	3	artemisinin derivative; cyclic acetal; dicarboxylic acid monoester; hemisuccinate; semisynthetic derivative; sesquiterpenoid	antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; ferroptosis inducer
chlorproguanil chlorproguanil: dichloro-derivative of chloroguanide; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	3.35	1	dichlorobenzene
heme Heme: The color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins.. ferroheme : Any iron(II)--porphyrin coordination complex.. ferroheme b : Heme b in which the iron has oxidation state +2.. heme : A heme is any tetrapyrrolic chelate of iron.	2.72	3

Condition	Indicated	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Infections, Plasmodium [description not available]	0	3.42	2	0
Malaria A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia.	0	8.42	2	0

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