Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: guanine + H2O = xanthine + NH3. [EC:3.5.4.3]
Guanine deaminase activity is a molecular function that involves the enzymatic removal of an amino group from guanine, a purine base found in DNA and RNA. This reaction converts guanine to xanthine, another purine base. The mechanism involves a hydrolytic reaction, where water is used to break the bond between the amino group and the guanine molecule. The reaction occurs within the active site of the enzyme, which is specifically designed to bind guanine and facilitate the deamination process. Guanine deaminases are important enzymes in purine metabolism. They play a role in the degradation of purine nucleotides, which are building blocks of DNA and RNA. In addition, they can participate in the biosynthesis of other purine derivatives, such as uric acid. The deficiency of guanine deaminase activity can lead to various genetic diseases, including severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), due to the accumulation of toxic metabolites.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Guanine deaminase | A guanine deaminase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9Y2T3] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| uric acid | 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism. Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN. | uric acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| xanthine | 7H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-7 is protonated. 9H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-9 is protonated. | xanthine | Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| caffeine | purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine | adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic | |
| aminoimidazole carboxamide | 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide : An aminoimidazole in which the amino group is at C-5 with a carboxamido group at C-4. Aminoimidazole Carboxamide: An imidazole derivative which is a metabolite of the antineoplastic agents BIC and DIC. By itself, or as the ribonucleotide, it is used as a condensation agent in the preparation of nucleosides and nucleotides. Compounded with orotic acid, it is used to treat liver diseases. | aminoimidazole; monocarboxylic acid amide | mouse metabolite |
| 2,6-diaminopurine | 9H-purine-2,6-diamine : A member of the class of 2,6-diaminopurines that is 9H-purine in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 6 are replaced by amino groups. | 2,6-diaminopurines; primary amino compound | antineoplastic agent |
| 7-methylxanthine | oxopurine; purine alkaloid | human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite | |
| azepinomycin | azepinomycin: from Streptomyces sp. MF718-03; structure given in first source; RN given from Chem Abst Index Guide 1982-6 | ||
| guanine | 2-aminopurines; oxopurine; purine nucleobase | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |