xanthine has been researched along with allopurinol in 853 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 156 (18.29) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 352 (41.27) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 248 (29.07) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 88 (10.32) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 9 (1.06) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Dimmitt, MK; Miller, JP; Novinson, T; O'Brien, DE; Robins, RK; Simon, LN; Springer, RH | 1 |
| Brereton, IM; de Jersey, J; Guddat, LW; Jones, MK; Keough, DT; Ng, AL; Skinner-Adams, T | 1 |
| Hayashi, H; Kaneko, M; Kobayashi, A; Masuda, H; Suzuki, H; Yamazaki, N; Yuan, G | 1 |
| Kojima, T; Nishina, T; Yamanaka, H | 1 |
| Bernier, JL; Catteau, JP; Cotelle, N; Hénichart, JP; Trémolières, E | 1 |
| Edmondson, JD; Ford, GD; Suzuki, YJ | 1 |
| Evans, RA; Parks, DA; Prodanov, E; Radi, R; Tan, S | 1 |
| Bernier, JL; Catteau, JP; Cotelle, N; Gaydou, E; Hénichart, JP; Wallet, JC | 1 |
| Askari, A; Huang, WH; Wang, Y | 1 |
| Nair, MG; Weber, GF | 1 |
| Arakawa, T; Kobayashi, K; Sakuma, H | 1 |
| Sullivan, BL; Zeller, JM | 1 |
| Hon, RB; Kaneko, M; Kobayashi, A; Masuda, H; Yamazaki, N; Yuan, G | 1 |
| Darmon, N; Fernandez, Y; Mitjavila, S; Periquet, A | 1 |
| Aisen, P; Barthakur, SR; Egan, TJ | 1 |
| Cooper, JM; Greenough, KR; McNeil, CJ; Self, CH; Weeks, PA | 1 |
| Hori, H; Nakagawa, Y; Niijima, T; Ojima, H; Terada, H | 1 |
| Cardelli, P; Ceci, F; Fiori, A; Peresempio, V; Salerno, C; Santulli, MC; Savi, MR; Strom, R | 1 |
| Andoh, K; Kyogoku, T; Manabe, T; Oshio, G; Tamura, K; Tobe, T | 1 |
| Kashima, K; Kodama, T; Kuriyama, K; Ohkuma, S; Tatsumi, Y | 1 |
| Hiroshige, K; Kunifuji, Y; Kuroiwa, A; Takasugi, M | 1 |
| Luo, H; Luo, ZY; Tang, Y; You, JI | 1 |
| Ito, H; Kanno, T; Maekawa, M; Matsumoto, K; Usami, M; Yokoi, N | 1 |
| Jacinto, SM; Jandhyala, BS | 3 |
| Kusuyama, H; Morino, M; Okada, K; Shiigai, N | 1 |
| Hayashi, T; Hosoya, T; Sakai, O; Tabe, A | 1 |
| Kirshenbaum, LA; Randhawa, AK; Singal, PK; Thomas, TP | 1 |
| Barnard, ML; Matalon, S | 1 |
| Aizenman, E; Reynolds, IJ | 1 |
| Chapman, DC; Dhalla, NS; Kaneko, M; Suzuki, S | 1 |
| Halpern, HJ; Peric, M; Pou, S; Rosen, GM | 1 |
| Babbs, CF; Salaris, SC; Voorhees, WD | 1 |
| Affany, A; Hariton, C; Nègre-Salvayre, A; Salvayre, R | 1 |
| Prodanov, E; Radi, R; Rubbo, H | 1 |
| Kalyanaraman, B; Liehr, JG; Roy, D | 1 |
| Benes, L; Stefek, M | 1 |
| Colton, C; Gilbert, D; Grossman, Y; Yao, J | 1 |
| Ambrosio, G; Chiariello, M; Elia, PP; Napoli, C; Palumbo, G | 1 |
| Barbara, L; Belluzzi, A; Brignola, C; Campieri, M; Gionchetti, P; Guarnieri, C; Iannone, P; Miglioli, M | 1 |
| Konstantinova, SG; Russanov, EM; Russanova, IE | 1 |
| de Groot, H; Komarov, P; Sies, H; Wang, JF | 1 |
| Collen, D; Doherty, JM; Hoak, JC; Orfeo, T; Shatos, MA; Stump, DC | 1 |
| Ivey, KJ; Razandi, M; Romano, M | 1 |
| Himmel, HM; Ravens, U; Sadony, V | 1 |
| Berezesky, IK; Maki, A; Phelps, PC; Smith, MW; Swann, JD; Trump, BF | 1 |
| Nishino, T; Sato, S; Tatsumi, K | 1 |
| de Jong, JW; Janssen, M; Keijzer, E; Nieukoop, AS | 1 |
| Agbedana, OE; Hada, T; Higashino, K; Imanishi, H; Moriwaki, Y; Nanahoshi, M; Suda, M; Takahashi, S; Yamamoto, T | 1 |
| Massie, HR; Shumway, ME; Whitney, SJ | 1 |
| Manabe, T; Tamura, K; Tobe, T | 1 |
| Bieroń, K; Dembińska-Kieć, A; Gryglewski, RJ; Kostka-Trabka, E; Zembowicz, A | 1 |
| Dhalla, NS; Hayashi, H; Kaneko, M; Kobayashi, A; Yamazaki, N | 2 |
| Hosoya, T; Ichida, K; Sakai, O; Tabe, A | 1 |
| Farstad, M; Karwinski, W; Søreide, O; Ulvik, R | 1 |
| Harrold, DR; Johnson, DL; Ling, GV; Ruby, AL | 1 |
| Doctor, RB; Mandel, LJ | 1 |
| Dohi, K; Kawasaki, T; Marubayashi, S; Yamada, K | 1 |
| Endoh, T; Katoh, H; Koizumi, M; Koyamada, M; Mori, S; Ohkohchi, N; Orii, T; Sakurada, M; Satomi, S; Taguchi, Y | 1 |
| Burkitt, MJ; Gilbert, BC | 1 |
| Bast, A; Bijloo, GJ; Timmerman, H; van der Goot, H | 1 |
| Griot, C; Peterhans, E; Richard, A; Stocker, R; Vandevelde, M | 1 |
| Alesiani, M; Carla, V; Cherici, G; Moroni, F; Pellegrini-Giampietro, DE | 2 |
| Coady, K; Herzberg, GR; MacCharles, G; Maddigan, B | 1 |
| Hiebert, L; Liu, JM | 1 |
| Ishikawa, M; Kikuchi, H; Kinuta, Y | 1 |
| Adamov, AK; Pavlova, IuP | 2 |
| Dabros, W; Gryglewski, RJ; Korbut, R; Ocetkiewicz, A | 1 |
| Kristensen, SR | 1 |
| Aizenman, E; Hartnett, KA; Reynolds, IJ | 1 |
| Dhalla, NS; Kaneko, M; Majumder, S; Ou, C; Panagia, V; Paolillo, G | 1 |
| Prodanov, E; Radi, R; Rubbo, H; Thomson, L | 1 |
| Donnelly, WH; Lawson, DL; Mehta, JL; Mehta, P; Nichols, WW | 1 |
| Manthey, MK; Pyne, SG; Truscott, RJ | 1 |
| Callahan, HL; Crouch, RK; James, ER | 1 |
| Mailer, K | 1 |
| Alaoui Jamali, MA; Boudreau, A; Castonguay, A; Lautier, D; Poirier, D; Poirier, G | 1 |
| Lawson, DL; Mehta, JL; Nichols, WW | 1 |
| Bast, A; de Jong, J; Onderwater, RC; Pinedo, HM; Schoofs, PR; van der Vijgh, WJ | 1 |
| Bilenko, MV; Nagler, LG; Oktiabr'skaia, LA; Rashba, IuE; Vartanian, LS | 1 |
| Britigan, BE; Buettner, GR; Lilleg, DM; Pou, S; Rosen, GM | 1 |
| Askari, A; Huang, WH; Klaunig, JE; Wang, YH; Xie, ZJ | 1 |
| Harada, A; Kuroe, K; Kurokawa, T; Nakao, A; Nonami, T; Satake, M; Takagi, H | 1 |
| Eneroth, P; Eriksson, CG | 1 |
| Bolann, BJ; Ulvik, RJ | 1 |
| Adachi, O; Ameyama, M; Hamagishi, Y; Kamei, H; Murata, S; Oki, T | 1 |
| Fiskin, AM; Garrison, RG; Zalles, MC | 1 |
| Baker, RR; Engstrom, PC; Freeman, BA; Holm, BA; Matalon, S; Panus, PC | 1 |
| Eklof, B; Jabs, CM; Neglen, P; Thomas, EJ | 1 |
| Beppu, M; Kikugawa, K; Mizukami, A; Nagoya, M | 1 |
| Bonewald, L; Boyce, BF; Garrett, IR; Mundy, GR; Oreffo, RO; Poser, J | 1 |
| Chen, XB; Hovell, FD; Orskov, ER | 1 |
| Nare, B; Prichard, RK; Smith, JM | 1 |
| Drange, A; Farstad, M; Karwinski, W; Søreide, O; Ulvik, R | 1 |
| Berisha, H; Foda, H; Pakbaz, H; Said, SI; Sakakibara, H; Trotz, M | 1 |
| Bos, E; de Jong, JW; Huizer, T; Nieukoop, AS; Stroeve, RJ; van der Meer, P | 1 |
| Hatayama, I; Murata, T; Sato, K; Satoh, K; Tsuchida, S | 1 |
| Miller, DG; Morgenstern, R; Pero, RW | 1 |
| Paul, SM; Schwartz, RD; Skolnick, P | 1 |
| Fraile Rodríguez, G; Perales Rodríguez, J; Riobo Serván, P | 1 |
| Ito, H; Okabe, E; Sasaki, H; Sugihara, M; Tanaka, K | 1 |
| Prodanov, E; Radi, RA; Rubbo, H | 1 |
| Coulombe, RA; Grover, TA; Keller, RJ; Piette, LH; Sharma, RP | 1 |
| Bedino, S; Canavese, C; Congiu, R; Gattullo, D; Mazzucco, G; Monga, G; Novara, R; Stratta, P; Testore, G; Vono, P | 1 |
| Fridovich, I; Ivancheva, E; Liochev, S | 1 |
| Finkelstein, E; Krishna, CM; Riesz, P; Russo, A; Samuni, A | 1 |
| Chignell, CF; de Haas, AH; Li, AS; Motten, AG | 1 |
| Burghardt, B; Janero, DR; Lopez, R; Pittman, J | 1 |
| Dunford, HB; Metodiewa, D | 1 |
| Miki, M; Mino, M; Takenaka, Y; Tamai, H; Yasuda, H | 1 |
| Blázovics, A; Chihara, G; Deák, G; Fehér, J; Gergely, P; Kaneko, Y; Vallent, K | 1 |
| Lemasters, JJ; Thurman, RG; Zhong, Z | 1 |
| Dhalla, NS; Elimban, V; Kaneko, M | 1 |
| Bannister, JV; Bellavite, P; McNeil, CJ; Smith, KA | 1 |
| Dhalla, NS; Kaneko, M; Lee, SL; Wolf, CM | 1 |
| Arai, T; Ishibashi, Y | 1 |
| Chaudhary, AK; Kalra, J; Prasad, K | 1 |
| Barnard, HC; Barnard, SP; Maartens, JJ; Potgieter, GM; van Jaarsveld, H | 1 |
| Di Stefano, A; Leoncini, R; Marinello, E; Pizzichini, M; Porcelli, B; Taddeo, A | 1 |
| Lee, DS; McCallum, EA; Olson, DM | 1 |
| Parker, BR; Stevens, SK | 1 |
| Barnard, JW; Hull, MT; Patterson, CE; Rhoades, RA; Wagner, WW | 1 |
| Sudo, J; Suzuki, Y | 2 |
| García Puig, J; López Jiménez, M; Mateos Antón, F; Ortiz Vázquez, J; Pascual Castroviejo, I; Ramos Hernández, T | 1 |
| Isaacs, M; Muindi, J; Stevens, YW; Warrell, RP; Young, CW | 1 |
| Chan, WP; Chaudhary, AK; Kalra, J; Prasad, K | 1 |
| Kanemitsu, H; Nihei, H; Oka, H; Sano, K; Tamura, A | 1 |
| Amma, EL; Griffith, EH; Huber, KR; Roberts, J; Sridhar, R | 1 |
| Henry, JJ; McDonough, KH; Spitzer, JJ | 1 |
| Cunningham, ML; Ito, A; Krinsky, NI; Peak, MJ | 1 |
| Corbisier, P; Houbion, A; Remacle, J | 1 |
| Clement, R; Das, DK; Engelman, RM; Otani, H; Prasad, MR; Rao, PS | 1 |
| Bachmann, M; Bernd, A; Messer, R; Müller, WE; Schröder, HC | 1 |
| Link, EM; Riley, PA | 1 |
| Podczasy, JJ; Wei, R | 1 |
| Eanes, RZ; Hall, AH; Patterson, RM; Waymack, PP | 1 |
| Hess, ML; Schrier, GM | 1 |
| Grover, AK; Samson, SE | 1 |
| Adam, W; Epe, B; Mützel, P | 1 |
| Cooper, JD; Egan, TM; Minta, JO; Scrimgeour, KG | 1 |
| Fukaya, Y; Iwata, S; Nakazawa, K; Okuda, T | 2 |
| Iwashima, A; Kitagawa, K; Nishino, H; Ogiso, Y | 1 |
| Borrello, S; Galeotti, T | 1 |
| Anderson, D; Gangolli, SD; Jenkinson, PC | 1 |
| Karelin, AA; Korotkina, RN; Papin, AA; Voronina, TA | 1 |
| Dunford, HB; Metodiewa, D; Pickard, M | 1 |
| Gameiro, A; Gupta, M; Singal, PK | 1 |
| Novák, L; Stastný, F; Stípek, S; Trojan, S; Vinklár, P | 1 |
| Fukumoto, K; Nishikawa, Y; Watanabe, F | 1 |
| Girotti, AW; Jordan, JE; Thomas, JP | 3 |
| Shasby, DM | 1 |
| Cotgreave, I; Moldéus, P; Ross, D | 1 |
| Bray, RC; George, GN | 1 |
| Braughler, JM; Duncan, LA; Goodman, T | 1 |
| Bhattacherjee, P; Eakins, KE; Hammond, BR; Mittag, TW | 1 |
| Hanaki, A; Ozawa, T | 1 |
| Imamura, S; Miyachi, Y; Niwa, Y; Yoshioka, A | 2 |
| Nishino, T; Tsushima, K | 1 |
| Minta, JO; Williams, MD | 1 |
| Moldeus, P; Ross, D | 1 |
| Cuperus, RA; Hoogland, H; Muijsers, AO; Wever, R | 1 |
| Fukumoto, M; Iio, M; Kai, S; Ono, Y | 1 |
| Hess, ML; Ito, H; Kato, Y; Okabe, E; Saito, G; Sasaki, H | 1 |
| Rubanyi, GM; Vanhoutte, PM | 1 |
| Hoffeld, JT; Metzger, Z; Oppenheim, JJ | 1 |
| Blankenship, PR; Bowyer, F; Hommes, FA; Roesel, RA | 1 |
| Hiraishi, H; Ivey, KJ; Ota, S; Sugimoto, T; Terano, A | 1 |
| Iriyama, K; Iwamoto, T; Kanemitsu, H; Karasawa, S; Kirino, T; Sano, K; Tamura, A; Yoshiura, M | 1 |
| Birkett, DJ; Day, RO; Hayes, J; Miners, JO; Naidoo, D; Savdie, E; Whitehead, A | 1 |
| Escribano, J; Garcia-Canovas, F; Garcia-Carmona, F | 1 |
| Emau, P; Giri, SN; Hyde, DM; Misra, HP | 1 |
| Barrington, PL; Meier, CF; Weglicki, WB | 1 |
| Olson, CE | 1 |
| Li, Y; Oberley, LW; Sun, Y | 1 |
| Bateman, DN; Ferner, RE; Simmonds, HA | 1 |
| Weinberg, JM | 1 |
| Beckman, BS; Brookins, J; Fisher, JW; Ueno, M | 1 |
| Laval, F | 1 |
| Beresewicz, A; Firek, L; Karwatowska-Kryńska, E | 1 |
| Andreoli, SP; Bergstein, JM; Clark, JH; McGuire, WA | 1 |
| Potter, JL; Silvidi, AA | 1 |
| Granger, DN; Parks, DA | 1 |
| Heinle, H; Lindner, V | 1 |
| Hiraishi, K; Kurokawa, K; Nakamura, S; Yamamoto, S | 1 |
| Andreeva, LI; Klimov, AN; Kozhemiakin, LA; Pleskov, VM | 1 |
| Emmerson, BT; Hazelton, RA; Whyte, IM | 1 |
| Cook, J; Knight, M; Roberts, RJ; Wispe, J | 1 |
| Calderon, RA; Shennan, GI | 1 |
| Hille, R; Sprecher, H | 1 |
| Gullapalli, S; Khandke, L; Patole, MS; Ramasarma, T | 1 |
| Kamatani, N; Kitamura, M; Kojima, T; Nishina, T; Nishioka, K | 2 |
| Cross, M; Emmerson, BT; Gordon, RB; Thomson, DB | 1 |
| Al-Bander, HA; Booth, BE; Kabra, PM; Kurtz, TW; Morris, RC; Portale, AA; Serena, BG; Tsai, HC | 1 |
| de Verdier, CH; Niklasson, F; van Waeg, G | 1 |
| Bauer, S; Carpenter, TO; Lebowitz, RL; Nelson, D | 1 |
| Hada, T; Higashino, K; Moriwaki, Y; Takahashi, S; Yamamoto, T | 1 |
| Abe, K; Kogure, K; Sekizawa, T | 1 |
| Culham, CA; Hartshorn, JN; Haugh, LD; Krakoff, IR; McCormack, JJ; Newman, RA; Roberts, JD; Stewart, JA; Young, JA | 1 |
| de Vries, BJ; van de Putte, LB; van den Berg, WB; Vitters, E | 1 |
| Bauer, SA; Koppenol, WH; Morris, SM; Varma, SD | 1 |
| Fox, IH; Jiménez, ML; Mateos, FA; Puig, JG | 1 |
| Abernethy, DR; Bolli, R; Charlat, MI; Egan, JM; Michael, LH; Myers, ML; O'Neill, PG; Roberts, R | 1 |
| Betz, AL | 1 |
| Goldsmith, JC; Hunninghake, GW; Lind, SE; Shasby, DM; Shasby, SS | 1 |
| Andreoli, SP; Baehner, RL; Bergstein, JM | 1 |
| Chesler, E; Eaton, JW; Weir, EK | 1 |
| Husted, RM; Shasby, DM; Welsh, MJ | 1 |
| Jansson, G | 1 |
| Braughler, JM | 1 |
| Christman, CW; Kontos, HA; Povlishock, JT; Wei, EP | 1 |
| Ichikawa, Y; Koide, T; Mimaki, T; Oka, T; Sonoda, T; Takaha, M; Utsunomiya, M | 1 |
| Joosten, LA; Schalkwijk, J; van de Putte, LB; van den Berg, WB | 1 |
| Emmerson, BT; Gordon, RB; Keough, D; Kranen, S | 1 |
| Granger, DN; Parks, DA; Shah, AK | 1 |
| Bast, A; Julicher, RH; Noordhoek, J; Sterrenberg, L | 1 |
| Nagy, I; Semsei, I | 1 |
| Emerit, I | 1 |
| Belvedere, G; Tursi, F | 1 |
| Cederbaum, AI; Cohen, G; Qureshi, A | 1 |
| Petrillo, R; Sery, TW | 1 |
| Bochev, PG; Ribarov, SR | 1 |
| Anderson, D; James, TE; Phillips, BJ | 2 |
| Nabi, ZF; Rabinovitch, M | 1 |
| Dockrell, HM; Playfair, JH; Targett, GA; Taverne, J; Wozencraft, AO | 1 |
| Ager, A; Gordon, JL; Wenham, DJ | 1 |
| Cerutti, P; Zimmerman, R | 1 |
| Dockrell, HM; Playfair, JH | 1 |
| Girotti, AW; Thomas, JP | 1 |
| Hosoya, T; Mikanagi, K; Nishina, T; Nishioka, K; Yamanaka, H | 1 |
| Hakim, J; Huu, TP; Marquetty, C; Pasquier, C | 1 |
| Hirose, S; Kito, M; Takeshima, S; Tawa, R | 1 |
| Hropot, M; von Kerékjártó, B | 1 |
| Baltassat, P; Bory, C; Boulieu, R; Gonnet, C | 2 |
| Mertz, DP | 1 |
| Chan, PH; Fishman, RA; Yurko, M | 1 |
| Slowiaczek, P; Tattersall, MH | 1 |
| Sharma, DC; Simlot, MM | 1 |
| Ager, A | 1 |
| Nocentini, S | 1 |
| Aono, K; Iwadate, K; Iwase, H; Nagao, M; Nakajima, M; Takahashi, M; Takatori, T | 1 |
| Archer, M; Engh, R; Hof, P; Huber, R; LeGall, J; Moura, I; Moura, JJ; Romão, MJ; Schneider, M | 1 |
| Davel, LE; de Lustig, ES; Monte, M | 1 |
| Billings, RE; Duval, DL; Sieg, DJ | 1 |
| Aioi, A; Horiguchi, T; Kuriyama, K; Shimizu, T | 1 |
| Fujino, Y; Inoue, M; Matsuoka, I; Ogita, S | 1 |
| Fabian, M; Palmer, G | 1 |
| Arai, T; Iizuka, I; Kojima, S; Kubota, K; Mori, H; Ona, S | 1 |
| D'Amico, R; Simms, HH | 1 |
| Devamanoharan, PS; Varma, SD | 1 |
| Aggarwal, S; Singh, N | 1 |
| Aizenman, E | 1 |
| Balasubramanian, KA; Baskar, L | 1 |
| Hille, R; Nishino, T | 1 |
| Elstner, EF; Schempp, H; von Kruedener, S | 1 |
| Bory, C; Boulieu, R; Chantin, C | 1 |
| Mandel, H; Stroomer, LE; van Cruchten, AG; van Gennip, AH | 1 |
| Hada, T; Higashino, K; Moriwaki, Y; Nasako, Y; Takahashi, S; Yamamoto, T | 1 |
| Agbedana, OE; Higashino, K; Moriwaki, Y; Nasako, Y; Takahashi, S; Yamamoto, T; Yokoyama, Y | 1 |
| Devasagayam, TP; Kumar, S; Sah, NK; Subramanian, M | 1 |
| Mao, Y; Shi, X; Zang, L | 1 |
| De Natale, G; Desole, MS; Esposito, G; Fresu, L; Miele, E; Miele, M; Migheli, R; Sircana, S | 1 |
| Bockaert, J; Culcasi, M; Lafon-Cazal, M; Pietri, S | 1 |
| Korshunova, GA; Mirzoeva, OK; Pushkareva, MA; Sud'ina, GF; Sumbatyan, NV; Varfolomeev, SD | 1 |
| Burr, AH; Olive, PL; Rosin, MP; Ward, AJ | 2 |
| Nishino, T; Okamoto, K | 1 |
| Scaduto, RC | 1 |
| Arrigoni-Martelli, E; Ferrari, LE; Hülsmann, WC; Peschechera, A | 1 |
| Higashino, K; Moriwaki, Y; Suda, M; Takahashi, S; Yamamoto, T | 1 |
| Batra, SK; Gbur, CJ; Hess, ML; Jesse, RL; Kontos, MC; Kukreja, RC; Loesser, KE; Naseem, SA; Qian, YZ | 1 |
| Floridi, S; Racagni, G; Trotti, D; Volterra, A | 1 |
| Demiryürek, AT; Kane, KA; Wadsworth, RM; Wainwright, CL | 1 |
| Cai, M; Ogawa, R | 1 |
| Butcher, A; Elmoselhi, A; Grover, AK; Samson, SE | 1 |
| Nagumo, M; Sakurada, S; Yamaguchi, S | 1 |
| Angel, MF; Chung, HK; Im, MJ; Manson, PN; Vander Kolk, CA | 1 |
| Lokesh, BR; Reddy, AC | 1 |
| Eklund, T; Hillered, L; Wahlberg, J | 1 |
| Chahine, R; Lockwell, H; Nadeau, R; Olivia, L | 1 |
| den Besten, PJ; Lemaire, P; Livingstone, DR | 1 |
| Amiel, C; Cassingena, R; Clerici, C; Friedlander, G; Grodet, A; Herman, P; Loiseau, A; Tran Ba Huy, P; Tu, TY | 1 |
| Cheng, HY; Feuerstein, GZ; Gu, JL; McKenna, PJ; Ruffolo, RE; Yue, TL | 1 |
| Floridi, S; Racagni, G; Tromba, C; Trotti, D; Volterra, A | 1 |
| Kiss, Z; Tomono, M | 1 |
| Trost, LC; Wallace, KB | 1 |
| Amstad, P; Berezesky, IK; Cerutti, PA; Chang, SH; Jain, PT; Trump, BF | 1 |
| Anderson, R; Cole, PJ; Feldman, C; Kanthakumar, K; Vargas, A; Wilson, R | 1 |
| Entman, ML; Ikeda, H; Koga, Y; Kuwano, K; Michael, LH; Nakayama, H; Oda, T; Toshima, H; Ueno, T | 1 |
| Metodiewa, D; Winterbourn, CC | 1 |
| Motterlini, R; Rovida, E; Samaja, M | 1 |
| Frati, E; Mitrovic, D; Panasyuk, A; Ribault, D | 1 |
| Antczak, A; Król, M; Nowak, D; Piasecka, G; Pietras, T; Słodkowska, J | 1 |
| Beckman, JS; Hu, P; Ischiropoulos, H; Matalon, S | 1 |
| Khan, S; Mehta, JL; Yang, BC | 1 |
| Absood, A; Berisha, H; Foda, HD; Pakbaz, H; Said, SI | 1 |
| Agostara, G; Bartoli, GM; Palozza, P; Piccioni, E | 1 |
| Dou, YM; Lane, WV; Loring, RH; McHugh, T; Rossant, CJ | 1 |
| Mitra, S; Mondal, MS | 1 |
| Harrison, SJ; Kuppusamy, P; Sanders, SP; Sylvester, JT; Zweier, JL | 1 |
| Benoit, JN; Gao, H; Korthuis, RJ | 1 |
| Asano, K; Kawai, A; Kawashiro, T; Mori, M; Takasugi, T; Umeda, A; Yamaguchi, K; Yokoyama, T | 1 |
| Galle, J; Herzog, C; Schollmeyer, P; Wanner, C | 1 |
| Chu, TS | 1 |
| Couch, RC; Griffin, TB; Hasegawa, M; Horiuchi, H; Komoriya, K; Kondo, S; Osada, Y | 1 |
| Evans, RA; Gaudier, F; Kirk, KA; Parks, DA; Radi, R; Rivera, A; Tan, S | 1 |
| Feuerstein, GZ; Gu, JL; Lysko, KA; Lysko, PG; Mckenna, PJ; Ruffolo, RR; Yue, TL | 1 |
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| Gates, KS; Imani Nejad, M; Shen, B; Yang, D | 1 |
| Krijt, J; Sebesta, I; Stiburkova, B | 1 |
| Krijt, J; Pavelcova, K; Petru, L; Stiburkova, B | 1 |
| Peppas, DS; Rosenberg, E; Shields, LBE | 1 |
| Abbasi, S; Benvidi, A; Gharaghani, S; Rezaeinasab, M; Saboury, AA | 1 |
| Kaur, A; Ng, N; Shenoy, M | 1 |
| Katsuma, S; Kawamoto, M; Kiuchi, T; Lee, J; Shimada, T | 1 |
| Li, Q; Wang, F; Xing, C; Zhang, Y | 1 |
| Abbasi, S; Benvidi, A; Gharaghani, S; Rezaeinasab, M; Zare, HR | 1 |
| Baldini, E; Bernardini, G; Jacomelli, G; Micheli, V; Mugnaini, C; Santucci, A | 1 |
| Becker, DF; Becker, SM; Christgen, SL | 1 |
| Fliszár-Nyúl, E; Hetényi, C; Kroon, PA; Mladěnka, P; Mohos, V; Needs, PW; Pánovics, A; Pethő, G; Poór, M; Schilli, G | 1 |
| Celik, E; Kaplan, M; Otles, S; Ozsoz, M; Sahyar, BY | 1 |
| Fu, F; Guo, L; Li, Z; Liang, XH; Liu, X; Zhong, J | 1 |
| Cosnier, S; Li, JJ; Marks, RS; Shan, D; Xu, LH; Zeng, HB; Zhang, XJ | 1 |
| Deng, Y; Li, P; Xie, X; Xu, T; Zhang, Z; Zhao, N | 1 |
| Al-Shehri, SS; Bansal, N; Duley, JA | 1 |
| Fliszár-Nyúl, E; Mohos, V; Poór, M | 1 |
| Dong, J; Song, H; Wang, Y; Xu, J; Zhao, H | 1 |
| Allegaert, K; Annink, KV; Bakkali, LE; Benders, MJNL; Chu, WY; Dorlo, TPC; Franz, AR; Hagen, A; Huitema, ADR; Maiwald, CA; Nijstad, AL; Schroth, M; van Bel, F; van Weissenbruch, MM | 1 |
| Ashizawa, M; Fujiwara, SI; Hatano, K; Hayatsu, K; Ikeda, T; Ito, S; Kanda, Y; Kawaguchi, S; Matsuoka, S; Minakata, D; Morita, K; Murahashi, R; Nagayama, T; Nakano, H; Nakashima, H; Ohmine, K; Sato, K; Sekiguchi, K; Toda, Y; Umino, K; Yamamoto, C; Yamasaki, R; Yoshizawa, T | 1 |
| Allegaert, K; Chu, WY; Dorlo, TPC; Huitema, ADR | 1 |
| Annarapu, GK; Carreño, M; DeVallance, ER; Geldenhuys, WJ; Hahn, SA; Hileman, EA; Kelley, EE; Lewis, SE; Maxwell, BA; Schmidt, HM; Seman, M; Shiva, S; Straub, AC; Velayutham, M; Vitturi, DA; Wood, KC; Xu, JZ | 1 |
| Azeez, AM; Hadwan, MH | 1 |
17 review(s) available for xanthine and allopurinol
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Xanthine oxidase: biochemistry, distribution and physiology.
Topics: Animals; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Iron; Isoenzymes; Oxidation-Reduction; Species Specificity; Tissue Distribution; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1986 |
Active oxygen species at the origin of sister chromatid exchanges.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Catalase; Chromosomes; Cricetinae; DNA; Female; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lipid Peroxides; Mutagens; Mutation; Oxygen; Peroxidases; Sister Chromatid Exchange; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1984 |
Flavoprotein structure and mechanism. 4. Xanthine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase.
Topics: Animals; Flavoproteins; Humans; Models, Chemical; Oxidation-Reduction; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Reactive oxygen species inhibit high-affinity glutamate uptake: molecular mechanism and neuropathological implications.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Antioxidants; Astrocytes; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Glycoproteins; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Therapeutic modulation of free radical-mediated reperfusion injury of the liver and its surgical implications.
Topics: Animals; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Free Radicals; Humans; Liver; Liver Transplantation; Macrophage Activation; Neutrophil Activation; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reperfusion Injury; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Xanthine oxidoreductase. Biochemical, biological and pathogenic functions.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Oxidation-Reduction; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reperfusion Injury; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
[Xanthine oxidase deficiency (hereditary xanthinuria), molybdenum cofactor deficiency].
Topics: Central Nervous System Diseases; Coenzymes; Diagnosis, Differential; Diet Therapy; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Metalloproteins; Molybdenum Cofactors; Pteridines; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Seizures; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
[Xanthinuria].
Topics: Humans; Kidney Diseases; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 1997 |
[Xanthine dehydrogenase (xanthine oxidase)].
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Enzyme Inhibitors; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Free Radicals; Humans; Hyperuricemia; NAD; Reactive Oxygen Species; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
[Secondary hyperuricemia in burn and trauma].
Topics: Animals; Burns; Humans; Hyperuricemia; Superoxides; Uric Acid; Wounds and Injuries; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
[Primary underproductive hypouricemia].
Topics: Allopurinol; Coenzymes; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Liver Diseases; Metalloproteins; Molybdenum Cofactors; Prognosis; Pteridines; Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Ribose-Phosphate Pyrophosphokinase; Uric Acid; Xanthine | 2003 |
Xanthine, xanthosine and its nucleotides: solution structures of neutral and ionic forms, and relevance to substrate properties in various enzyme systems and metabolic pathways.
Topics: Animals; Arsenite Transporting ATPases; Base Pairing; DNA Repair; Escherichia coli; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; IMP Dehydrogenase; Ion Pumps; Ions; Models, Chemical; Multienzyme Complexes; Nucleic Acids; Nucleotides; Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase; Ribonucleosides; Temperature; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 2004 |
[Purine metabolism in patients with renal failure].
Topics: Allopurinol; Antimetabolites; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hyperuricemia; Hypoxanthine; Kidney; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Purines; Renal Dialysis; Uric Acid; Xanthine | 2004 |
Hypouricemia and tubular transport of uric acid.
Topics: Absorption; Biological Transport; Diabetes Complications; Diagnosis, Differential; Fluid Therapy; Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative; Humans; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Models, Biological; Organic Anion Transporters; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; Prevalence; Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors; Uric Acid; Urinary Calculi; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2011 |
Biosensing methods for xanthine determination: a review.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Clinical Chemistry Tests; Enzymes, Immobilized; Food Analysis; Humans; Metabolic Diseases; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2014 |
Electronic structure contributions to reactivity in xanthine oxidase family enzymes.
Topics: Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; Catalysis; Crystallography, X-Ray; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Electrons; Models, Molecular; Molybdenum; Multienzyme Complexes; Oxidation-Reduction; Protein Conformation; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2015 |
Xanthine oxidase-lactoperoxidase system and innate immunity: Biochemical actions and physiological roles.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Immunity, Innate; Infant, Newborn; Lactoperoxidase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2020 |
10 trial(s) available for xanthine and allopurinol
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Tourniquet-induced exsanguination in patients requiring lower limb surgery. An ischemia-reperfusion model of oxidant and antioxidant metabolism.
Topics: Adult; Antioxidants; Glutathione; Glutathione Disulfide; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Ischemia; Knee Joint; Leg; Oxidants; Reperfusion; Superoxides; Tourniquets; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Metabolism of intravenously administered high-dose 6-mercaptopurine with and without allopurinol treatment in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Topics: Allopurinol; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antineoplastic Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Erythrocytes; Female; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Individuality; Infusions, Intravenous; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Mercaptopurine; Methylthioinosine; Nucleotides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Antioxidant potential of cancerous human kidney tissues.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antioxidants; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Fish Oils; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Malondialdehyde; Middle Aged; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Allopurinol does not increase free radical scavenging capacity during reperfusion in coronary artery bypass graft patients.
Topics: Aged; Allopurinol; Analysis of Variance; Coronary Artery Bypass; Coronary Disease; Double-Blind Method; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Infusions, Intravenous; Intraoperative Period; Male; Middle Aged; Preoperative Care; Probability; Reference Values; Reperfusion; Sensitivity and Specificity; Uric Acid; Xanthine | 2000 |
Effect of fenofibrate on plasma concentration and urinary excretion of purine bases and oxypurinol.
Topics: Adult; Allopurinol; Cholesterol; Creatinine; Drug Interactions; Fenofibrate; Gout Suppressants; Humans; Hypolipidemic Agents; Hypoxanthine; Male; Oxypurinol; Purines; Triglycerides; Uric Acid; Xanthine | 2001 |
Effects of angiotensin II infusion on renal excretion of purine bases and oxypurinol.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Allopurinol; Angiotensin II; Blood Pressure; Creatinine; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Infusions, Intravenous; Kidney; Male; Middle Aged; Oxypurinol; Purines; Reference Values; Sodium; Uric Acid; Xanthine | 2002 |
Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of febuxostat, a non-purine selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, in a dose escalation study in healthy subjects.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Febuxostat; Female; Gout Suppressants; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Male; Models, Biological; Thiazoles; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
The effect of age and gender on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of febuxostat, a novel nonpurine selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Biotransformation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Febuxostat; Female; Gout Suppressants; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Male; Protein Binding; Sex Factors; Thiazoles; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Young Adult | 2008 |
The effect of reactive oxygen species on whole blood aggregation and the endothelial cell-platelet interaction in patients with coronary heart disease.
Topics: Aged; Blood Platelets; Cell Communication; Coronary Disease; Endothelial Cells; Endothelium, Vascular; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Hemostasis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Platelet Aggregation; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tyrosine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2012 |
Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modelling of Allopurinol, its Active Metabolite Oxypurinol, and Biomarkers Hypoxanthine, Xanthine and Uric Acid in Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Neonates.
Topics: Allopurinol; Biomarkers; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Infant, Newborn; Oxypurinol; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2022 |
826 other study(ies) available for xanthine and allopurinol
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Synthesis and enzymic activity of some novel xanthine oxidase inhibitors. 3-Substituted 5,7-dihydroxypyrazolo(1,5-alpha)pyrimidines.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Milk; Pyrazoles; Pyrimidines; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Xanthine Oxidase | 1976 |
Lead compounds for antimalarial chemotherapy: purine base analogs discriminate between human and P. falciparum 6-oxopurine phosphoribosyltransferases.
Topics: Animals; Antimalarials; Guanine; Humans; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Hypoxanthines; Kinetics; Pentosyltransferases; Plasmodium falciparum; Purines; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2006 |
[Effects of oxygen free radicals on Ca2+ binding to cardiac troponin].
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Calcium; Cattle; Free Radicals; In Vitro Techniques; Myocardium; Oxygen; Troponin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
[A new method for the determination of xanthine oxidase activity by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection].
Topics: Adult; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Humans; Male; Methods; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Redox chemistry of complexes of nickel(II) with some biologically important peptides in the presence of reduced oxygen species: an ESR study.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Anions; Cyclic N-Oxides; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Hydrogen Peroxide; Molecular Sequence Data; Nickel; Oligopeptides; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Spin Labels; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Inactivation of rabbit muscle creatine kinase by hydrogen peroxide.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Creatine Kinase; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Muscles; Rabbits; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by uric acid and its influence on superoxide radical production.
Topics: Free Radicals; Kinetics; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Superoxides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Scavenger and antioxidant properties of ten synthetic flavones.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Flavonoids; Free Radical Scavengers; Glutathione; Luminescent Measurements; Macrophages, Alveolar; Male; Molecular Structure; N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Respiratory Burst; Structure-Activity Relationship; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
(Na+ + K+)-ATPase: inactivation and degradation induced by oxygen radicals.
Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Catalase; Dogs; Ferrous Compounds; Free Radicals; Kinetics; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Superoxide Dismutase; Trypsin Inhibitors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Inhibition of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase by folic acid and antagonists of the folic acid metabolism.
Topics: Adult; Female; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Antagonists; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Middle Aged; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; NADPH Oxidases; Neutrophils; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Effects of active oxygen species on damage to and prostaglandin synthesis in cultured rat gastric cells.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Cells, Cultured; Gastric Mucosa; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Indomethacin; Male; Oxygen; Prostaglandins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
C-reactive protein selectively enhances the intracellular generation of reactive oxygen products by IgG-stimulated monocytes and neutrophils.
Topics: Acridines; Adult; C-Reactive Protein; Cells, Cultured; Cytochrome c Group; Drug Synergism; Fluoresceins; Hot Temperature; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Immunoglobulin G; Intracellular Fluid; Luminescent Measurements; Monocytes; Neutrophils; Oxidation-Reduction; Phagocytes; Phenolsulfonphthalein; Reactive Oxygen Species; Respiratory Burst; Stimulation, Chemical; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Decrease in heart mitochondrial creatine kinase activity due to oxygen free radicals.
Topics: Animals; Creatine Kinase; Cysteine; Dithiothreitol; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; Mitochondria, Heart; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Superoxide anion scavenging capacity measured by a polarographic method. Comparison with a colourimetric method.
Topics: Anions; Colorimetry; Cytochrome c Group; Free Radical Scavengers; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinetics; Nitroblue Tetrazolium; Oxidation-Reduction; Polarography; Reproducibility of Results; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Catalysis of the Haber-Weiss reaction by iron-diethylenetriaminepentaacetate.
Topics: Catalase; Catalysis; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Iron; Oxidation-Reduction; Pentetic Acid; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Electrochemical sensors for direct reagentless measurement of superoxide production by human neutrophils.
Topics: Biopsy; Cytochrome c Group; Electrochemistry; Electrodes; Gold; Humans; Neutrophils; Platinum; Respiratory Burst; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Biologically active cyanine dyes as probes for the identification of active oxygen species.
Topics: Coloring Agents; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Indicators and Reagents; Indoles; Iron; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Effect of inorganic phosphate on hypoxanthine transport in isolated brain microvessels.
Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Blood Vessels; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Cattle; gamma-Glutamyltransferase; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Hypoxanthines; In Vitro Techniques; Phosphates; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Effect of intraarterial active oxygen species on the rat pancreas.
Topics: Amylases; Animals; Ascitic Fluid; Catalase; Free Radicals; Gabexate; Hydrogen Peroxide; Infusions, Intravenous; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Lipase; Male; Pancreas; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Inhibition of gastric glucosamine synthetase activity by oxygen radicals: a possible cause of decreased mucosal protective capacity.
Topics: Animals; Free Radicals; Gastric Mucosa; Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase (Isomerizing); Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
[Studies on purine-pyrimidine metabolism (1)--Quantitation of purine-pyrimidine metabolites and allopurinol-oxipurinol in biological fluids].
Topics: Allopurinol; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Oxypurinol; Purines; Pyrimidines; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1992 |
Protective effect of anisodamine on cultured bovine pulmonary endothelial cell injury induced by oxygen-free radicals.
Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Animals; Catalase; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Endothelium, Vascular; Free Radicals; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Malondialdehyde; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Neutrophils; Oxygen; Pulmonary Artery; Solanaceous Alkaloids; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines; Zymosan | 1992 |
Estimating the prevalence of xanthinuria by laboratory screening.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Evaluation of the effects of felodipine, verapamil and hydralazine on the survival rate of rats subjected to lethal effects of oxygen free radicals.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Creatine Kinase; Felodipine; Heart Rate; Hydralazine; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Superoxide Dismutase; Survival Rate; Verapamil; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and xanthine calculi in Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.
Topics: Allopurinol; Humans; Infant; Kidney Calculi; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Lithotripsy; Male; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1992 |
[Metabolic disorder of purine nucleotide in patients with chronic renal failure].
Topics: Allopurinol; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Purine Nucleotides; Renal Dialysis; Uremia; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1992 |
Time-course of cardiac myocyte injury due to oxidative stress.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Lipid Peroxidation; Malondialdehyde; Myocardium; Oxygen; Phosphates; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sodium; Stress, Physiological; Time; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Mechanisms of extracellular reactive oxygen species injury to the pulmonary microvasculature.
Topics: Animals; Free Radical Scavengers; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lung; Male; Microcirculation; Oxygen; Rabbits; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Modulation of NMDA excitotoxicity by redox reagents.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dithionitrobenzoic Acid; Dithiothreitol; Embryo, Mammalian; Glycine; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Oxidation-Reduction; Pipecolic Acids; Rats; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Alterations in cardiac contractile proteins due to oxygen free radicals.
Topics: Animals; Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase; Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Contractile Proteins; Dithiothreitol; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hypochlorous Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardium; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Use of a low-frequency ESR spectrometer: implications for spin-trapping free radicals, in situ.
Topics: Animals; Cyclic N-Oxides; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radicals; Humans; Myocardium; Neutrophils; Rats; Spin Labels; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Methylene blue as an inhibitor of superoxide generation by xanthine oxidase. A potential new drug for the attenuation of ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney; Lipid Peroxidation; Liver; Methylene Blue; Models, Biological; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Reperfusion Injury; Succimer; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Additional antilipoperoxidant activities of alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid on membrane-like systems are potentiated by rutin.
Topics: Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Erythrocyte Membrane; Humans; Linoleic Acid; Linoleic Acids; Lipid Metabolism; Lipid Peroxidation; Membranes, Artificial; Rutin; Superoxides; Vitamin E; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Substrate inhibition of xanthine oxidase and its influence on superoxide radical production.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Electron Transport; Free Radicals; Horses; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Kinetics; Substrate Specificity; Superoxides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Xanthine oxidase-catalyzed reduction of estrogen quinones to semiquinones and hydroquinones.
Topics: Diethylstilbestrol; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Estrogens; Free Radicals; Hydroquinones; Oxidation-Reduction; Quinones; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Pyridoindole stobadine is a potent scavenger of hydroxyl radicals.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Carbolines; Deoxyribose; Electron Transport; Ethylenes; Free Radical Scavengers; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Kinetics; Male; Methionine; Microsomes, Liver; NADP; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
The effect of xanthine/xanthine oxidase generated reactive oxygen species on synaptic transmission.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Decapodiformes; Depression, Chemical; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Membrane Potentials; Nephropidae; Neuromuscular Junction; Oxygen; Superoxides; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
[Human low-density lipoproteins are peroxidized by free radicals via chain reactions triggered by the superoxide radical].
Topics: Free Radicals; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipoproteins, LDL; Malondialdehyde; Oxidation-Reduction; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Scavenger effect of sulfasalazine, 5-aminosalicylic acid, and olsalazine on superoxide radical generation.
Topics: Aminosalicylic Acids; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Luminescent Measurements; Mesalamine; Neutrophils; Spectrophotometry; Sulfasalazine; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Do the copper complexes of histamine, histidine and of two H2-antagonists react with O2-?
Topics: Catalase; Copper; Cytochrome c Group; Histamine; Histamine H2 Antagonists; Histidine; Luminescent Measurements; Mannitol; Nitroblue Tetrazolium; Organometallic Compounds; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Contribution of nitric oxide synthase to luminol-dependent chemiluminescence generated by phorbol-ester-activated Kupffer cells.
Topics: Acridines; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Arginine; Catalase; Cell-Free System; In Vitro Techniques; Kupffer Cells; Luminescent Measurements; Luminol; Male; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; NADPH Oxidases; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; omega-N-Methylarginine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxide Dismutase; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Modulation of the fibrinolytic response of cultured human vascular endothelium by extracellularly generated oxygen radicals.
Topics: Antigens; Blotting, Northern; Blotting, Western; Cells, Cultured; Endothelium, Vascular; Fibrinolysis; Free Radicals; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Oxygen; Plasminogen Inactivators; Precipitin Tests; RNA, Messenger; Tissue Plasminogen Activator; Umbilical Veins; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1992 |
Role of sulphydryl compounds in the defense of rat gastric epithelial cells against oxygen reactive metabolite-induced damage.
Topics: Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epithelium; Ethylmaleimide; Free Radicals; Gastric Mucosa; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Quantitation of hypoxanthine in plasma from patients with ischemic heart disease: adaption of a high-performance liquid chromatographic method.
Topics: Allopurinol; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Coronary Disease; Guanosine; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Uridine; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1991 |
Oxidative injury induces influx-dependent changes in intracellular calcium homeostasis.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Epithelium; Fura-2; Homeostasis; Ionomycin; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
A novel xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor (BOF-4272).
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Intestine, Small; Kinetics; Liver; Lung; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Reference Values; Species Specificity; Triazines; Urate Oxidase; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Lower xanthine oxidoreductase activity in isolated perfused hearts if xanthine replaces hypoxanthine as substrate.
Topics: Animals; Guinea Pigs; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Myocardium; Perfusion; Rats; Substrate Specificity; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
A xanthinuric family--the proposita having immunologically reactive xanthine oxidase but no xanthine oxidase activity.
Topics: Female; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Immunodiffusion; Liver; Male; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Reference Values; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Uric acid content of Drosophila decreases with aging.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Drosophila melanogaster; Male; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
[Effect of oxygen free radicals on the rat pancreas in vivo].
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Catalase; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Gabexate; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; Oxygen; Pancreas; Pancreatitis; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Interaction between prostacyclin and molsidomine in blood cells and plasma.
Topics: Aged; Animals; Arteriosclerosis; Drug Synergism; Epoprostenol; Fibrinolytic Agents; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Middle Aged; Molsidomine; Neutrophils; Plasma; Platelet Aggregation; Rats; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Stunned myocardium and oxygen free radicals--sarcolemmal membrane damage due to oxygen free radicals.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Calcium; Catalase; Cell Membrane; Coronary Disease; Free Radicals; Homeostasis; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardium; Prazosin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
[A study on treatment of hyperuricemia--effects and kinetics of allopurinol and oxipurinol].
Topics: Adult; Allopurinol; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Male; Oxypurinol; Reference Values; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1991 |
Sixty-minute normothermic liver ischemia in rats. Evidence that allopurinol improves liver cell energy metabolism during reperfusion but that timing of drug administration is important.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Allopurinol; Animals; Bile; Drug Administration Schedule; Energy Metabolism; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Liver; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reperfusion Injury; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1991 |
Xanthine-containing urinary calculi in dogs given allopurinol.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Breeding; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Male; Urinary Calculi; X-Ray Diffraction; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1991 |
Minimal role of xanthine oxidase and oxygen free radicals in rat renal tubular reoxygenation injury.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Animals; Free Radicals; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney Tubules; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reperfusion Injury; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Role of conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to oxidase in ischemic rat liver cell injury.
Topics: Animals; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; In Vitro Techniques; Ischemia; Lipid Peroxides; Liver; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Role of free radicals and energy synthesis on primary graft nonfunction in liver transplantation.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Animals; Cold Temperature; Energy Metabolism; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Glutathione Peroxidase; Hypertonic Solutions; Lipid Peroxides; Liver; Liver Transplantation; Luminescent Measurements; Male; Mitochondria, Liver; Organ Preservation; Oxygen Consumption; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxide Dismutase; Swine; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Model studies of the iron-catalysed Haber-Weiss cycle and the ascorbate-driven Fenton reaction.
Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Citrates; Citric Acid; Edetic Acid; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Hydroxylation; Iron; Nitrilotriacetic Acid; Oxidation-Reduction; Pentetic Acid; Phytic Acid; Salicylates; Salicylic Acid; Succinates; Succinic Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Copper complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline and related compounds as superoxide dismutase mimetics.
Topics: Copper; Cytochrome c Group; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Organometallic Compounds; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenanthrolines; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Selective degeneration of oligodendrocytes mediated by reactive oxygen species.
Topics: Animals; Benzamides; Brain; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Demyelinating Diseases; Dogs; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Oligodendroglia; Oxygen; Superoxides; Theophylline; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Excitatory amino acid release and free radical formation may cooperate in the genesis of ischemia-induced neuronal damage.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Free Radicals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Inhibition of heart sarcolemmal Ca(2+)-pump activity by oxygen free radicals.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Calcium; Female; Free Radicals; In Vitro Techniques; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sarcolemma; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Uric acid synthesis by avian exocrine pancreas.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Cell Count; Chickens; Kinetics; Male; Pancreas; Proteins; Purines; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Protective action of polyelectrolytes on endothelium.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Dextran Sulfate; Electrolytes; Endothelium, Vascular; Free Radicals; Glycosaminoglycans; Heparin; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Swine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1991 |
Ischaemic brain oedema and xanthine-xanthine oxidase system.
Topics: Animals; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
[The effect of immune antibodies and the xanthine oxidase-xanthine enzymatic link on Vibrio cholerae].
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Bacterial; Antigen-Antibody Reactions; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; Immune Sera; Immunization; In Vitro Techniques; Rabbits; Vibrio cholerae; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
A biological method for studying the interaction between platelets and vascular endothelium.
Topics: Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Arteriosclerosis; Aspirin; Blood Platelets; Endothelium, Vascular; Epoprostenol; Imidazoles; Indomethacin; Leukotrienes; Lipid Peroxides; Platelet Adhesiveness; Rabbits; Superoxide Dismutase; Thrombosis; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Importance of the cellular energy level for enzyme release induced by direct membrane damage.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Calcimycin; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Energy Metabolism; Free Radicals; Humans; Hypotonic Solutions; Kinetics; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lysophosphatidylcholines; Ouabain; Phosphatidylcholines; Phospholipases A; Type C Phospholipases; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Oxygen free radicals regulate NMDA receptor function via a redox modulatory site.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Calcium; Catalase; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dithiothreitol; Electric Conductivity; Free Radicals; Glycine; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Inhibition of cardiac phosphatidylethanolamine N-methylation by oxygen free radicals.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; Methylation; Myocardium; Phosphatidylethanolamines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Luminol chemiluminescence using xanthine and hypoxanthine as xanthine oxidase substrates.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Dithionite; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Kinetics; Luminescent Measurements; Luminol; Milk; Pyridazines; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Superoxides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Superoxide radical-mediated endothelial injury and vasoconstriction of rat thoracic aortic rings.
Topics: Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Endothelium, Vascular; Epinephrine; Free Radicals; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxides; Vasoconstriction; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Mechanism of reaction of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid with molecular oxygen.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Macromolecular Substances; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Oxazines; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Oxygen Isotopes; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Hydrogen peroxide is the most toxic oxygen species for Onchocerca cervicalis microfilariae.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Glucose Oxidase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Microfilariae; Onchocerca; Oxygen; Rose Bengal; Singlet Oxygen; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Thiourea; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Superoxide radical as electron donor for oxidative phosphorylation of ADP.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Electron Transport; Free Radicals; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mitochondria, Heart; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Oxygen Consumption; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Stimulation of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis by free radicals in C3H10T1/2 cells: relationship with NAD metabolism and DNA breakage.
Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Benzamides; Cell Line; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Clone Cells; DNA Damage; Free Radicals; Gamma Rays; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mice; NAD; Nucleoside Diphosphate Sugars; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; Superoxides; Tritium; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Coronary reperfusion in dogs inhibits endothelium-dependent relaxation: role of superoxide radicals.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Coronary Vessels; Dogs; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Free Radicals; Leukotriene B4; Male; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardial Reperfusion; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Isolated mouse atrium as a model to study anthracycline cardiotoxicity: the role of the beta-adrenoceptor system and reactive oxygen species.
Topics: Animals; Doxorubicin; Free Radicals; Heart; Heart Atria; In Vitro Techniques; Isoproterenol; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Myocardial Contraction; Oxygen; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; Receptors, Muscarinic; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
[Is xanthine oxidase a universal source of superoxide radicals in ischemic and reperfusion lesions?].
Topics: Animals; Chromatography; Free Radicals; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Ischemia; Liver; Rats; Reperfusion; Superoxides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Hydroxyl radical is not a product of the reaction of xanthine oxidase and xanthine. The confounding problem of adventitious iron bound to xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Female; Free Radicals; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Iron; Iron Chelating Agents; Milk; Protein Binding; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Studies on the specificity of the effects of oxygen metabolites on cardiac sodium pump.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Allopurinol; Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Calcium; Catalase; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Enzyme Activation; Free Radicals; Heart; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; Myocardium; Ouabain; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Rubidium; Sarcolemma; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
[Nucleotide metabolism in remnant rat liver after major hepatic resection].
Topics: Animals; Hepatectomy; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental; Liver Regeneration; Male; Nucleotides; Purine Nucleotides; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Peroxidation in position C-6 of progesterone-3-ethanolimine is increased by the presence of enzymes generating oxygen radicals.
Topics: Animals; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Free Radicals; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glutathione; Hydrolysis; Male; Microsomes, Liver; NADP; Oxygen; Progesterone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Singlet Oxygen; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
On the limited ability of superoxide to release iron from ferritin.
Topics: Chelating Agents; Ferritins; Iron; Kinetics; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
New biological properties of pyrroloquinoline quinone and its related compounds: inhibition of chemiluminescence, lipid peroxidation and rat paw edema.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Carrageenan; Edema; Lipid Peroxidation; Luminescent Measurements; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; Peritoneal Cavity; PQQ Cofactor; Quinolones; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Structure-Activity Relationship; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines; Zymosan | 1990 |
Electron cytochemical studies of Cryptococcus neoformans grown on uric acid and related sources of nitrogen.
Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Cryptococcus neoformans; Culture Media; Cytoplasmic Granules; Microbodies; Microscopy, Electron; Molybdenum; Phosphorus; Urate Oxidase; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Endogenous xanthine oxidase-derived O2 metabolites inhibit surfactant metabolism.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinetics; Male; Palmitic Acid; Palmitic Acids; Pulmonary Alveoli; Pulmonary Surfactants; Rabbits; Tritium; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
[The antimicrobial action of the xanthine oxidase-xanthine system on the causative agent of cholera].
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blood Proteins; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Synergism; Iron; Rabbits; Solutions; Vibrio cholerae; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Adenosine, inosine, and hypoxanthine/xanthine measured in tissue and plasma by a luminescence method.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Deaminase; Animals; Dogs; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Luminescent Measurements; Luminol; Pyridazines; Rabbits; Rats; Solutions; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Binding of anti-band 3 autoantibody to oxidatively damaged erythrocytes. Formation of senescent antigen on erythrocyte surface by an oxidative mechanism.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte; Antigen-Antibody Complex; Autoantibodies; Chromatography, Affinity; Erythrocyte Aging; Erythrocyte Membrane; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Iron; Kinetics; Models, Biological; Oxidation-Reduction; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Oxygen-derived free radicals stimulate osteoclastic bone resorption in rodent bone in vitro and in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Bone Resorption; Cells, Cultured; Chickens; Female; Free Radicals; Interleukin-1; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Osteoclasts; Oxygen; Parathyroid Hormone; Pregnancy; Rats; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Excretion of purine derivatives by ruminants: endogenous excretion, differences between cattle and sheep.
Topics: Allantoin; Animals; Cattle; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Male; Purines; Sheep; Swine; Urate Oxidase; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Schistosoma mansoni: levels of antioxidants and resistance to oxidants increase during development.
Topics: Animals; Free Radicals; Glucose; Glucose Oxidase; Glutathione; Glutathione Peroxidase; Glutathione Reductase; Glutathione Transferase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hypoxanthines; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Schistosoma mansoni; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
60 min normothermic liver ischemia in rats: allopurinol improves energy status and bile flow during reperfusion.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Allopurinol; Animals; Bile; Body Temperature; Energy Metabolism; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Ischemia; Liver; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Regional Blood Flow; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1990 |
Vasoactive intestinal peptide prevents lung injury due to xanthine/xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Lung; Papaverine; Peak Expiratory Flow Rate; Proteins; Pulmonary Artery; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Therapeutic Irrigation; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Xanthine oxidoreductase activity in perfused hearts of various species, including humans.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; In Vitro Techniques; Ketone Oxidoreductases; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred CBA; Myocardium; Perfusion; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Species Specificity; Swine; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Activation of rat glutathione transferases in class mu by active oxygen species.
Topics: Animals; Dinitrochlorobenzene; Enzyme Activation; Free Radicals; Isoenzymes; Kinetics; Ligands; Liver; Male; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1990 |
Induction of unscheduled DNA synthesis in human mononuclear leukocytes by oxidative stress.
Topics: Benzene Derivatives; Bleomycin; DNA; DNA Replication; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinetics; Mitomycin; Mitomycins; Neutrophils; Oxygen; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1986 |
Regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid/barbiturate receptor-gated chloride ion flux in brain vesicles by phospholipase A2: possible role of oxygen radicals.
Topics: Acetophenones; Animals; Brain; Chlorides; Fatty Acids; Free Radicals; Ion Channels; Male; Oxygen; Pentobarbital; Phospholipases; Phospholipases A; Phospholipases A2; Quinacrine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Superoxide Dismutase; Synaptosomes; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
[A new case of urinary xanthine. Association with AIDS].
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Humans; Male; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Calmodulin and free oxygen radicals interaction with steady-state calcium accumulation and passive calcium permeability of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase; Calcium; Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Calmodulin; Dogs; Egtazic Acid; Free Radicals; Heart Ventricles; Lipid Peroxidation; Myocardium; Oxygen; p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine; Permeability; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum; Sulfonamides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Comparison of the effects of superoxide dismutase and cytochrome c on luminol chemiluminescence produced by xanthine oxidase-catalyzed reactions.
Topics: Catalysis; Cytochrome c Group; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Kinetics; Luminescent Measurements; Luminol; Oxygen; Pyridazines; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Importance of hydroxyl radical in the vanadium-stimulated oxidation of NADH.
Topics: Cyclic N-Oxides; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Spectrophotometry; Spin Labels; Superoxides; Vanadates; Vanadium; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Mesangiolysis and endothelial lesions due to peroxidative damage in rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Endothelium, Vascular; Free Radicals; Glomerular Mesangium; Microscopy, Electron; Rabbits; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Effects of vanadate on the oxidation of NADH by xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Animals; Catalysis; Cattle; Enzyme Activation; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity; Superoxides; Vanadates; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Superoxide reaction with nitroxide spin-adducts.
Topics: Cyclic N-Oxides; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinetics; Oxidation-Reduction; Spin Labels; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Superoxide dismutase amplifies dye photosensitized production of desferal free radical: an electron spin resonance study.
Topics: Catalase; Coloring Agents; Deferoxamine; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radicals; Gentian Violet; Oxygen; Photochemistry; Rhodamine 123; Rhodamines; Riboflavin; Rose Bengal; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Propranolol as xanthine oxidase inhibitor: implications for antioxidant activity.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cell Membrane; Free Radicals; Iron; Lipid Peroxidation; Liposomes; Membrane Lipids; Myocardium; Oxidation-Reduction; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
The reactions of horseradish peroxidase, lactoperoxidase, and myeloperoxidase with enzymatically generated superoxide.
Topics: Catalase; Copper; Horseradish Peroxidase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lactoperoxidase; Peroxidase; Peroxidases; Spectrophotometry; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Changes in membrane constituents and chemiluminescence in vitamin E-deficient red blood cells induced by the xanthine oxidase reaction.
Topics: Animals; Erythrocyte Membrane; Hemolysis; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lipid Peroxidation; Luminescent Measurements; Male; Membrane Lipids; Membrane Proteins; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spectrin; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Superoxides; Thiobarbiturates; Vitamin E; Vitamin E Deficiency; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Effect of lentinan on superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Cytochrome c Group; Erythrocytes; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Lentinan; Lipid Peroxidation; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic; Lymphocytes; Male; Mice; Oxidation-Reduction; Polysaccharides; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Role of purines and xanthine oxidase in reperfusion injury in perfused rat liver.
Topics: Animals; Female; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Liver Circulation; Malondialdehyde; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reperfusion Injury; Superoxides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Mechanism for depression of heart sarcolemmal Ca2+ pump by oxygen free radicals.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Biomechanical Phenomena; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Free Radicals; Male; Myocardium; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sarcolemma; Sulfhydryl Reagents; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Application of the electrochemistry of cytochrome c to the measurement of superoxide radical production.
Topics: Cytochrome c Group; Electrochemistry; Electrodes; Free Radicals; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Neutrophils; Spectrophotometry; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Reduction of calcium channel antagonist binding sites by oxygen free radicals in rat heart.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Ferrous Compounds; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; Nitrendipine; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Susceptibility of Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella typhi to oxygen metabolites.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Oxygen; Phagocytosis; Salmonella typhi; Salmonella typhimurium; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Role of oxygen free radicals and pH on the release of cardiac lysosomal enzymes.
Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Animals; Cathepsin D; Dogs; Free Radicals; Heart; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrolases; Lysosomes; Myocardium; Oxygen; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Purine and oxypurine production in mitochondria of ischemic and reperfused myocardium.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine; Allopurinol; Animals; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Male; Malondialdehyde; Mitochondria, Heart; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Purines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthines | 1989 |
[Clearance of oxypurines in normal subjects and in gout patients subjected to a purine-free diet. Effects of allopurinol].
Topics: Adult; Allopurinol; Creatinine; Diet; Gout; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Middle Aged; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1989 |
Effects of reactive oxygen species on prostacyclin production in perinatal rat lung cells.
Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Arachidonic Acids; Catalase; Cells, Cultured; Epoprostenol; Fetus; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lung; Oxygen; Rats; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Renal oxypurine deposition in Lesch-Nyhan syndrome: sonographic evaluation.
Topics: Allopurinol; Child; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Kidney Calculi; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Male; Ultrasonography; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1989 |
Role of microvascular pressure in reactive oxygen-induced lung edema.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Free Radicals; In Vitro Techniques; Lung; Male; Microcirculation; Oxygen; Pulmonary Circulation; Pulmonary Edema; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Vascular Resistance; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Changes in lipid peroxidation and activities of xanthine oxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase in kidneys of cephaloridine-administered rats.
Topics: Animals; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Catalase; Cephaloridine; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Kidney; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Malondialdehyde; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
[Purine transport through the blood-brain barrier in hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Allopurinol; Blood-Brain Barrier; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Hypoxanthines; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Male; Purines; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1989 |
Induction of profound hypouricemia by a non-sedating thiobarbiturate.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Kinetics; Serum Albumin; Thiobarbiturates; Ultrafiltration; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Effect of oxygen free radicals on cardiovascular function at organ and cellular levels.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Creatine Kinase; Dogs; Female; Free Radicals; Heart; Hemodynamics; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Male; Myocardial Contraction; Oxygen; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Cerebral uric acid, xanthine, and hypoxanthine after ischemia: the effect of allopurinol.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1989 |
Superoxide dismutase-like activities of copper(II) complexes tested in serum.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Copper; Copper Sulfate; Cyclic N-Oxides; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radicals; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Nitroblue Tetrazolium; Oxidation-Reduction; Spin Labels; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Effects of oxygen radicals on substrate oxidation by cardiac myocytes.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Myocardium; Oxidation-Reduction; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Comparison of the inactivation of Bacillus subtilis transforming DNA by the potassium superoxide and xanthine-xanthine oxidase systems for generating superoxide.
Topics: Bacillus subtilis; Chelating Agents; DNA, Bacterial; Kinetics; Superoxides; Transformation, Bacterial; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
A new technique for highly sensitive detection of superoxide dismutase activity by chemiluminescence.
Topics: Acridines; Cell Line; Ditiocarb; Fibroblasts; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Luminescent Measurements; Lung; Spectrophotometry; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Role of xanthine oxidase inhibitor as free radical scavenger: a novel mechanism of action of allopurinol and oxypurinol in myocardial salvage.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Allopurinol; Animals; Coronary Disease; Female; Free Radicals; Heart; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Male; Myocardium; Oxypurinol; Phosphocreatine; Pyrimidines; Swine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Superoxide radical-induced loss of nuclear restriction of immature mRNA: a possible cause for ageing.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Aging; Animals; Biological Transport; Cell Nucleus; Chickens; Female; Free Radicals; L Cells; Mice; Microscopy, Electron; Ovalbumin; RNA, Messenger; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Transcription, Genetic; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Role of hydrogen peroxide in the cytotoxicity of the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system.
Topics: Animals; Azides; Catalase; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Culture Media; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Oxygen; Sodium Azide; Superoxides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
Reduction of iodonitrotetrazolium violet by superoxide radicals.
Topics: Free Radicals; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Oxidation-Reduction; Proteins; Spectrophotometry; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Tetrazolium Salts; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
Acute effects of a superoxide radical-generating system on DNA double-strand stability in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Determination by a modified fluorometric procedure.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Cell Line; Cricetinae; Cricetulus; DNA; DNA Damage; Female; Fibroblasts; Fluorometry; Free Radicals; Mannitol; Ovary; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Thiourea; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
Quantitative identification of superoxide anion as a negative inotropic species.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Rabbits; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
Effect of superoxide radical on Ca2+ pumps of coronary artery.
Topics: Animals; Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Cell Membrane; Coronary Vessels; Kinetics; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Phosphorylation; Superoxides; Swine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
DNA damage by oxygen radicals and excited state species: a comparative study using enzymatic probes in vitro.
Topics: Bacteriophages; DNA; DNA Damage; DNA, Viral; Endonucleases; Free Radicals; Gamma Rays; Heterocyclic Compounds; Methylene Blue; Micrococcus; Oxygen; Rose Bengal; Salmonella typhimurium; Singlet Oxygen; Superoxides; Ultraviolet Rays; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
Captopril--a potential free radical scavenger: inhibition of PMN NADPH oxidase.
Topics: Captopril; Catalase; Chlorides; Cytochrome c Group; Dithionitrobenzoic Acid; Free Radicals; Humans; Manganese; Manganese Compounds; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; NADP; NADPH Oxidases; Neutrophils; Oxidation-Reduction; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
Effects of tannins on the oxidative damage of mouse ocular lens. I. Using the oxidative damage model induced by the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system.
Topics: Animals; Cell-Free System; Glutathione Reductase; In Vitro Techniques; Lens, Crystalline; Lipid Peroxides; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Oxidation-Reduction; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Tannins; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Mechanism of O2- (-) and H2O2-induced stimulation of sugar transport in mouse fibroblast BALB/3T3 cells.
Topics: 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid; Amiloride; Animals; Biological Transport; Calcium; Calmodulin; Catalase; Cell Line; Deoxy Sugars; Deoxyglucose; Fibroblasts; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Insulin; Mice; Sulfonamides; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Trifluoperazine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
Cytochrome P-448 induction restores the propagation of .O2--induced lipid peroxidation in hepatoma microsomes.
Topics: Animals; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; Cytochromes; Enzyme Induction; Kinetics; Lipid Peroxidation; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental; Malondialdehyde; Methylcholanthrene; Microsomes; Microsomes, Liver; Rats; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
Malformations induced in cultured rat embryos by enzymically generated active oxygen species.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Animals; Catalase; Deferoxamine; Embryo, Mammalian; Glutathione; Organ Culture Techniques; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1986 |
Excitatory amino acid release from rat hippocampal slices as a consequence of free-radical formation.
Topics: Allopurinol; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Catalase; Free Radicals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Male; Mannitol; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
[Effect of tranquilizers of the 1,4-benzodiazepine series on the xanthine oxidase activity of the rat brain].
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzodiazepinones; Brain; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Nitrazepam; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
The reactions of chloroperoxidase in the presence of xanthine/xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Chloride Peroxidase; Kinetics; Mitosporic Fungi; Peroxidases; Spectrophotometry; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1989 |
Reduced vulnerability of the hypertrophied rat heart to oxygen-radical injury.
Topics: Animals; Cardiomegaly; Free Radicals; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Malondialdehyde; Microscopy, Electron; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardium; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Plasma xanthine oxidase activity correlates with the resistance to severe hypoxia in different species.
Topics: Animals; Cricetinae; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Hypoxia; Mice; Polarography; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Species Specificity; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
Simple, rapid determination of serum guanase activity with the Hitachi 736 automated discrete analyzer.
Topics: Adult; Aminohydrolases; Autoanalysis; Catalase; Female; Guanine Deaminase; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Liver; Liver Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Nitroblue Tetrazolium; Octoxynol; Polyethylene Glycols; Reference Values; Spectrophotometry; Superoxides; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1985 |
Lipid photooxidation in erythrocyte ghosts: sensitization of the membranes toward ascorbate- and superoxide-induced peroxidation and lysis.
Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Catalase; Edetic Acid; Erythrocyte Membrane; Glucose-6-Phosphate; Glucosephosphates; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Lipid Peroxides; Lipolysis; Oxidation-Reduction; Photochemistry; Protoporphyrins; Sodium; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1985 |
Antioxidant activity of some antiproteases.
Topics: Antioxidants; Cytochrome c Group; Hydrogen Peroxide; Oxidation-Reduction; Protease Inhibitors; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1985 |
The interaction of reduced glutathione with active oxygen species generated by xanthine-oxidase-catalyzed metabolism of xanthine.
Topics: Catalase; Cyclic N-Oxides; Deferoxamine; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radicals; Glutathione; Hydroxides; Oxidation-Reduction; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1985 |
Electron-paramagnetic-resonance studies using pre-steady-state kinetics and substitution with stable isotopes on the mechanism of action of molybdoenzymes.
Topics: Animals; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Freezing; Kinetics; Metalloproteins; Oxidation-Reduction; Protein Conformation; Thermodynamics; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1985 |
Calcium enhances in vitro free radical-induced damage to brain synaptosomes, mitochondria, and cultured spinal cord neurons.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Brain; Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase; Calcimycin; Calcium; Free Radicals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Mitochondria; Neurons; Oxygen Consumption; Rats; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Spinal Cord; Synaptosomes; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1985 |
Ocular responses to superoxide generated by intraocular injection of xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Animals; Anterior Chamber; Aqueous Humor; Endotoxins; Escherichia coli; Eye; Injections; Leukocytes; Male; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxides; Vitreous Body; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1985 |
Spin-trapping of superoxide ion by a water-soluble, nitroso-aromatic spin-trap.
Topics: Benzenesulfonates; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radicals; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Kinetics; Nitroso Compounds; Solutions; Spin Labels; Superoxides; Water; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1986 |
Anti-oxidant effects of retinoids on inflammatory skin diseases.
Topics: Antioxidants; Dermatitis; Etretinate; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; In Vitro Techniques; Luminescent Measurements; Neutrophils; Retinoids; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines; Zymosan | 1986 |
Interaction of milk xanthine oxidase with folic acid. Inhibition of milk xanthine oxidase by folic acid and separation of the enzyme into two fractions on Sepharose 4B/folate gel.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Chromatography, Gel; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Folic Acid; Kinetics; Macromolecular Substances; Milk; Oxypurinol; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1986 |
Interactions of antirheumatic drugs with the superoxide generation system of activated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Endopeptidases; Humans; Lymphocyte Activation; N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; NADPH Oxidases; Neutrophils; Serine Endopeptidases; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Tritium; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1986 |
Thiyl radicals--their generation and further reactions.
Topics: Aminophenols; Anaerobiosis; Catalase; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radicals; Glutathione; Glutathione Disulfide; Horseradish Peroxidase; Kinetics; Oxygen Consumption; Peroxidases; Phenetidine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1986 |
The effect of D-penicillamine on myeloperoxidase: formation of compound III and inhibition of the chlorinating activity.
Topics: Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chlorine; Edetic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Leukocytes; Penicillamine; Peroxidase; Spectrum Analysis; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Effects of flavonoids on xanthine oxidation as well as on cytochrome c reduction by milk xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Copper; Cytochrome c Group; Flavonoids; Glucose Oxidase; Kinetics; Milk; Oxidation-Reduction; Quercetin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1986 |
Calmodulin participation in oxygen radical-induced cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium uptake reduction.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Calcium; Calmodulin; Dogs; Egtazic Acid; Kinetics; Myocardium; p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum; Sulfonamides; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Decreased hydroxyl radical generation from polymorphonuclear leucocytes in the presence of D-penicillamine and thiopronine.
Topics: Adult; Amino Acids, Sulfur; Cell-Free System; Free Radicals; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Hydroxylation; In Vitro Techniques; Neutrophils; Penicillamine; Tiopronin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Oxygen-derived free radicals, endothelium, and responsiveness of vascular smooth muscle.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Catalase; Dogs; Endothelium; Female; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; Mannitol; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Nitroprusside; Oxygen; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1986 |
Suppression of fibroblast proliferation by activated macrophages: involvement of H2O2 and a non-prostaglandin E product of the cyclooxygenase pathway.
Topics: Animals; Cell Division; Female; Fibroblasts; Hydrogen Peroxide; Macrophage Activation; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Propionibacterium acnes; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1986 |
Combined xanthine and sulphite oxidase defect due to a deficiency of molybdenum cofactor.
Topics: Coenzymes; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Liver; Male; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Metalloproteins; Molybdenum Cofactors; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donors; Pteridines; Sulfites; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1986 |
Oxygen metabolite-induced cytotoxicity to cultured rat gastric mucosal cells.
Topics: Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Chromium; Edetic Acid; Female; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Free Radicals; Gastric Mucosa; Glutathione; Hydrogen Peroxide; Iron Chelating Agents; Male; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Xanthine and uric acid levels in rat brain following focal ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Kinetics; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
Effect of tannin on oxidative damage of ocular lens.
Topics: Animals; Cell-Free System; Diamide; Glucosides; Glycosides; Hydrolyzable Tannins; In Vitro Techniques; Lens, Crystalline; Mice; Oxidation-Reduction; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Tannins; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
Allopurinol dosage selection: relationships between dose and plasma oxipurinol and urate concentrations and urinary urate excretion.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Allopurinol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oxypurinol; Pyrimidines; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1988 |
A kinetic study of hypoxanthine oxidation by milk xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Animals; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Kinetics; Milk; Oxidation-Reduction; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
Effects of intratracheal administration of xanthine plus xanthine oxidase on lung antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, and collagen in hamsters.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Collagen; Cricetinae; Free Radicals; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glutathione Peroxidase; Glutathione Reductase; Heart; Intubation, Intratracheal; Lipid Peroxides; Lung; Lung Diseases; Superoxide Dismutase; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
Abnormal electrical activity induced by free radical generating systems in isolated cardiocytes.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Catalase; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Free Radicals; Fumarates; Heart; Myocardium; Superoxide Dismutase; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
Glutathione modulates toxic oxygen metabolite injury of canine chief cell monolayers in primary culture.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Cells, Cultured; Cytological Techniques; Cytotoxins; Dogs; Enzyme Activation; Free Radicals; Gastric Mucosa; Glutathione; Hydrogen Peroxide; Maleates; Oxygen; Stomach; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
A simple method for clinical assay of superoxide dismutase.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Erythrocytes; Female; Humans; Intestinal Neoplasms; Intestine, Large; Male; Middle Aged; Nitroblue Tetrazolium; Oxidation-Reduction; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
Allopurinol kinetics after massive overdosage.
Topics: Adolescent; Allopurinol; Female; Half-Life; Humans; Oxypurinol; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1988 |
Adenine nucleotide metabolism by isolated kidney tubules during oxygen deprivation.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Aerobiosis; Allopurinol; Anaerobiosis; Animals; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney Cortex; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Kinetics; Rabbits; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1988 |
Effects of reactive oxygen metabolites on erythropoietin production in renal carcinoma cells.
Topics: Animals; Carcinoma; Catalase; Cell Line; Erythropoietin; Glucose Oxidase; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kidney Neoplasms; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Oxygen; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
Pretreatment with oxygen species increases the resistance of mammalian cells to hydrogen peroxide and gamma-rays.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Cricetinae; DNA; DNA Damage; DNA Repair; Female; Gamma Rays; Hydrogen Peroxide; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental; Mutation; Ovary; Radiation, Ionizing; Rats; Superoxide Dismutase; Thioguanine; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1988 |
Effects of in vitro generated oxygen free radicals on transmembrane potentials in ventricular cardiac muscle.
Topics: Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Coronary Disease; Female; Free Radicals; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Oxygen; Papillary Muscles; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Possible mechanism responsible for allopurinol-nephrotoxicity: lipid peroxidation and systems of producing- and scavenging oxygen radicals.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Catalase; Creatinine; Free Radicals; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Kidney Diseases; Lipid Peroxides; Male; Organ Size; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Purine excretion during tumor lysis in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia receiving allopurinol: relationship to acute renal failure.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Allopurinol; Child; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1986 |
Xanthine lithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, and renal failure in a leukemia patient treated with allopurinol.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Allopurinol; Child; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Male; Phosphorus; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1987 |
Does the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system alter contractile behaviour of vascular smooth muscle?
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Carotid Arteries; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Rabbits; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Prevention of xanthine stone formation by augmented dose of allopurinol in the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.
Topics: Adolescent; Allopurinol; Calculi; Humans; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Male; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1987 |
[Antioxidant effect of high-density lipoproteins in the peroxidation of low-density lipoproteins].
Topics: Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Lipid Peroxides; Lipoproteins, HDL; Lipoproteins, LDL; Malondialdehyde; Oxidation-Reduction; Solutions; Temperature; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Comparison of the urate lowering effects of allopurinol and diflunisal.
Topics: Allopurinol; Diflunisal; Gout; Humans; Osmolar Concentration; Salicylates; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1987 |
Comparison of the antioxidant properties of alpha-tocopherol and alpha-tocopheryl acetate in newborn rabbit lung.
Topics: alpha-Tocopherol; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Iron; Lipid Peroxides; Lung; Pentanes; Rabbits; Thiobarbiturates; Tocopherols; Vitamin E; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Susceptibility of Trichophyton quinckeanum and Trichophyton rubrum to products of oxidative metabolism.
Topics: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Glucose; Glucose Oxidase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lactoperoxidase; Oxygen; Potassium Iodide; Trichophyton; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
On the mechanism of action of xanthine oxidase. Evidence in support of an oxo transfer mechanism in the molybdenum-containing hydroxylases.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Dithionite; Mass Spectrometry; Milk; Molybdenum; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Uric Acid; Water; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Vanadate-stimulated NADH oxidation by xanthine oxidase: an intrinsic property.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases; Oxygen; Superoxide Dismutase; Vanadates; Vanadium; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1986 |
Liquid chromatography with multichannel ultraviolet detection used for studying disorders of purine metabolism.
Topics: Adenine; Allopurinol; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Oxypurinol; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Purines; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Uric Acid; Uridine; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1987 |
Plasma oxipurinol concentrations during allopurinol therapy.
Topics: Allopurinol; Creatine; Gout; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Kidney Function Tests; Oxypurinol; Pyrimidines; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1987 |
Liquid-chromatographic measurements of inosine, hypoxanthine, and xanthine in studies of fructose-induced degradation of adenine nucleotides in humans and rats.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Allopurinol; Animals; Chromatography, Liquid; Female; Fructose; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Injections, Intravenous; Inosine; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1986 |
Deamination of guanine to xanthine: a metabolic pathway of underestimated importance in human purine catabolism?
Topics: Allopurinol; Female; Gilbert Disease; Guanine; Humans; Kinetics; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary; Male; Reference Values; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1986 |
Hereditary xanthinuria presenting in infancy with nephrolithiasis.
Topics: Genes, Recessive; Humans; Infant; Kidney Calculi; Male; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1986 |
Separation of hypoxanthine and xanthine from pyrazinamide and its metabolites in plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography.
Topics: Biotransformation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Pyrazinamide; Spectrum Analysis; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1986 |
Biphasic effects of chlorpromazine on cell viability in a neuroblastoma cell line.
Topics: Calcium; Cell Line; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cell Survival; Chlorpromazine; Humans; Lipid Peroxides; Neuroblastoma; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1986 |
Xanthine oxidase-catalyzed crosslinking of cell membrane proteins.
Topics: Catalysis; Chromatography; Disulfides; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Erythrocyte Membrane; Humans; Iron; Lipid Peroxides; Membrane Proteins; Protein Binding; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines; Zinc | 1986 |
Phase I trial of tiazofurin administered by i.v. bolus daily for 5 days, with pharmacokinetic evaluation.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Allopurinol; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Creatine Kinase; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Evaluation; Female; Headache; Hemoglobins; Humans; Hypoxanthines; Isoenzymes; Kinetics; Male; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Middle Aged; Nausea; Purines; Ribavirin; Ribonucleosides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1987 |
Quantitation of glycosaminoglycan metabolism in anatomically intact articular cartilage of the mouse patella: in vitro and in vivo studies with 35S-sulfate, 3H-glucosamine, and 3H-acetate.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Cartilage, Articular; Glucosamine; Glycosaminoglycans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Patella; Sodium Salicylate; Sulfates; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1986 |
In vitro damage to rat lens by xanthine-xanthine oxidase: protection by ascorbate.
Topics: Aminoisobutyric Acids; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Lens, Crystalline; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Rubidium; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1986 |
Hereditary xanthinuria. Evidence for enhanced hypoxanthine salvage.
Topics: Adenine; Adenine Nucleotides; Adolescent; Adult; Female; Fructose; Guanosine; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Male; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Purines; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Evidence for a pathogenetic role of xanthine oxidase in the "stunned" myocardium.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Body Temperature; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Disease; Dogs; Half-Life; Hematocrit; Hemodynamics; Kinetics; Myocardium; Oxypurinol; Potassium; Regional Blood Flow; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Identification of hypoxanthine transport and xanthine oxidase activity in brain capillaries.
Topics: Adenine; Allopurinol; Animals; Biological Transport; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Capillaries; Cerebral Cortex; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Kinetics; Rats; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1985 |
Reversible oxidant-induced increases in albumin transfer across cultured endothelium: alterations in cell shape and calcium homeostasis.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Calcium; Culture Techniques; Endothelium; Homeostasis; Serum Albumin; Swine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1985 |
In vitro detection of endothelial cell damage using 2-deoxy-D-3H-glucose: comparison with chromium 51, 3H-leucine, 3H-adenine, and lactate dehydrogenase.
Topics: Adenine; Cell Survival; Chromatography, Paper; Chromium; Complement Activation; Deoxy Sugars; Deoxyglucose; Endothelium; Female; Free Radicals; Humans; Isoenzymes; Isotope Labeling; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leucine; Methods; Neutrophils; Octoxynol; Phlorhizin; Polyethylene Glycols; Pregnancy; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1985 |
Redox status and pulmonary vascular reactivity.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Lung; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Vasodilation; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1985 |
Oxidants increase paracellular permeability in a cultured epithelial cell line.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Cell Line; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cytoskeleton; Dogs; Electric Conductivity; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Glucose Oxidase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Intercellular Junctions; Kidney; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1985 |
Inhibitory effect of zinc(II) on free radical lipid peroxidation in erythrocyte membranes.
Topics: Calcium; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Erythrocyte Membrane; Free Radicals; Humans; Iron; Lipid Peroxides; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines; Zinc | 1985 |
Formation of antibodies to native DNA in rats after administration of native DNA treated with the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Antibody Formation; DNA; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1985 |
Lipid peroxidation-induced inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake in rat brain synaptosomes: protection by glucocorticoids.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dexamethasone; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucocorticoids; Lipid Peroxides; Male; Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate; Prednisolone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxide Dismutase; Synaptic Membranes; Synaptosomes; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1985 |
Effects of oxygen radicals on cerebral arterioles.
Topics: Animals; Arteries; Arterioles; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Cats; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Ferrous Compounds; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1985 |
Xanthine calculi in the patient with the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome associated with urinary tract infection.
Topics: Allopurinol; Child; Combined Modality Therapy; Enterococcus faecalis; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Male; Proteus Infections; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Streptococcal Infections; Uric Acid; Urinary Tract Infections; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1985 |
Hydrogen peroxide suppresses the proteoglycan synthesis of intact articular cartilage.
Topics: Animals; Cartilage, Articular; Catalase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; Mannitol; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Osmolar Concentration; Patella; Proteoglycans; Superoxide Dismutase; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1985 |
Reversed-phase liquid-chromatographic determination of purine compounds in serum applied to studies of hypouricemia.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Allopurinol; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Colorimetry; Female; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Middle Aged; Oxypurinol; Purines; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1986 |
Xanthine-containing calculi during allopurinol therapy.
Topics: Adult; Allopurinol; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Kidney Calculi; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Male; Oxypurinol; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1985 |
Oxygen radicals: effects on intestinal vascular permeability.
Topics: Animals; Capillaries; Cats; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Female; Free Radicals; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Ileum; Lymph; Male; Regional Blood Flow; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1984 |
Adriamycin stimulates NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation in liver microsomes not only by enhancing the production of O2 and H2O2, but also by potentiating the catalytic activity of ferrous ions.
Topics: Animals; Doxorubicin; Ferrous Compounds; Hot Temperature; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lipid Peroxides; Male; Malondialdehyde; Microsomes, Liver; NADP; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Superoxides; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1984 |
Effects of ionic strength on the activity of superoxide dismutase in vitro.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Cell Survival; Cytochrome c Group; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Intracellular Fluid; Oxidation-Reduction; Pyrogallol; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1984 |
Styrene oxidation to styrene oxide by hydroxyl radicals produced during reaction of xanthine with xanthine oxidase in the presence of Fe3+.
Topics: Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Epoxy Compounds; Ethers, Cyclic; Ferric Compounds; Free Radicals; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Oxidation-Reduction; Styrene; Styrenes; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1983 |
Production of formaldehyde and acetone by hydroxyl-radical generating systems during the metabolism of tertiary butyl alcohol.
Topics: Acetone; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Butanols; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Edetic Acid; Formaldehyde; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; In Vitro Techniques; Iron; Male; Microsomes, Liver; Models, Chemical; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; tert-Butyl Alcohol; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1983 |
Superoxide anion radical as an indirect mediator in ocular inflammatory disease.
Topics: Animals; Female; Free Radicals; Male; Rabbits; Retinitis; Superoxides; Uveitis; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1984 |
A chemiluminescent method for measurement of activated oxygen forms in biological fluids and homogenates.
Topics: Acetaldehyde; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinetics; Luminescent Measurements; Methods; Oxygen; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1983 |
Genetic damage in CHO cells exposed to enzymically generated active oxygen species.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Chromosome Aberrations; Cricetinae; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Mutation; Oxygen; Sister Chromatid Exchange; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1984 |
Inhibition by superoxide dismutase and catalase of the damage of isolated Leishmania mexicana amazonensis by phenazine methosulfate.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Cytochrome c Group; Gentian Violet; Hydrogen Peroxide; Leishmania; Methylene Blue; Methylphenazonium Methosulfate; Phenazines; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1984 |
Chromosome damage caused by enzymically generated active oxygen species.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Chromosome Aberrations; Cricetinae; Cricetulus; Female; Hydrogen Peroxide; Mutation; Sister Chromatid Exchange; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1983 |
Killing of human malaria parasites by macrophage secretory products.
Topics: Animals; Free Radicals; Glucose Oxidase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Macrophage Activation; Macrophages; Plasmodium falciparum; Rabbits; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1984 |
Stimulation of endothelial cells by protease activity in commercial preparations of xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Adenine; Animals; Catalase; Cell Adhesion; Drug Contamination; Endothelium; Pancreatin; Peptide Hydrolases; Rubidium; Superoxide Dismutase; Swine; Trypsin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1984 |
Active oxygen acts as a promoter of transformation in mouse embryo C3H/10T1/2/C18 fibroblasts.
Topics: 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide; Animals; Benzopyrenes; Carcinogens; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Cells, Cultured; Fibroblasts; Gamma Rays; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Oxygen; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1984 |
Killing of Plasmodium yoelii by enzyme-induced products of the oxidative burst.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Female; Glucose; Glucose Oxidase; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Lactoperoxidase; Mice; Plasmodium; Superoxide Dismutase; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1984 |
Damaging effects of oxygen radicals on resealed erythrocyte ghosts.
Topics: Allopurinol; Butylated Hydroxytoluene; Catalase; Erythrocyte Membrane; Free Radicals; Glucose-6-Phosphate; Glucosephosphates; Humans; Kinetics; Oxygen; Sodium; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1984 |
Clinicobiochemical analysis of four cases of xanthine oxidase deficiency.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1984 |
Luminol assay for microdetermination of superoxide dismutase activity: its application to human fetal blood.
Topics: Adult; Erythrocytes; Female; Fetal Blood; Humans; Kinetics; Luminescent Measurements; Luminol; Microchemistry; Pregnancy; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1984 |
Fluorometric determination of hypoxanthine and xanthine in biological fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography using enzyme reactors.
Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enzymes, Immobilized; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Peroxidases; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1983 |
The excretion of 14C-hypoxanthine and its metabolites in rats following administration of uricostatic drugs.
Topics: Allantoin; Allopurinol; Animals; Carbon Radioisotopes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1984 |
Simultaneous determination of allopurinol, oxipurinol, hypoxanthine and xanthine in biological fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography.
Topics: Allopurinol; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Oxypurinol; Pyrimidines; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1984 |
[Current therapy: combined drug therapy of hyperuricemia, gout and alcohol induced fatty liver].
Topics: Allopurinol; Benzbromarone; Benzofurans; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fatty Liver, Alcoholic; Gout; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1983 |
Phospholipid degradation and cellular edema induced by free radicals in brain cortical slices.
Topics: Animals; Brain Edema; Cerebral Cortex; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Free Radicals; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Lipid Peroxides; Male; Membrane Lipids; Phospholipids; Rats; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1982 |
The determination of purine levels in human and mouse plasma.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Methods; Mice; Mice, Inbred DBA; Purines; Species Specificity; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1982 |
High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of hypoxanthine and xanthine in biological fluids.
Topics: Allopurinol; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Erythrocytes; Gout; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1982 |
Urinary excretion of uric acid in iron deficient rats.
Topics: Anemia, Hypochromic; Animals; Liver; Male; Rats; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1982 |
Effects of xanthine: xanthine oxidase on membrane function: an in vitro model of endothelial damage.
Topics: Adenine; Animals; Aorta; Blood Vessels; Cells, Cultured; Chromium; Endothelium; Free Radicals; Prostaglandins; Rubidium; Superoxide Dismutase; Swine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1982 |
Comet assay analysis of repair of DNA strand breaks in normal and deficient human cells exposed to radiations and chemicals. Evidence for a repair pathway specificity of DNA ligation.
Topics: 4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide; Bloom Syndrome; Cells, Cultured; DNA; DNA Damage; DNA Ligases; DNA Repair; Gamma Rays; Humans; Mutagens; Superoxides; Time Factors; Ultraviolet Rays; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Establishment of a monoepoxide (leukotoxin and its isomer) producing system using a hydrogen peroxide-generating system.
Topics: Benzoates; Benzoic Acid; Cytochrome c Group; Epoxy Compounds; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hydrogen Peroxide; Indicators and Reagents; Mannitol; Nitroso Compounds; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Crystal structure of the xanthine oxidase-related aldehyde oxido-reductase from D. gigas.
Topics: Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Coenzymes; Crystallization; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cytosine Nucleotides; Desulfovibrio; Drosophila melanogaster; Electron Transport; Hydrogen Bonding; Iron; Ligands; Metalloproteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Molybdenum; Molybdenum Cofactors; Oxidation-Reduction; Protein Conformation; Protein Folding; Protein Structure, Secondary; Pteridines; Pterins; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Inhibition of lymphocyte-induced angiogenesis by free radical scavengers.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Animals; Catalase; Free Radical Scavengers; Ginkgo biloba; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neoplasm Transplantation; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Plant Extracts; Spleen; Superoxide Dismutase; T-Lymphocytes; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Regulation of hepatic nitric oxide synthase by reactive oxygen intermediates and glutathione.
Topics: Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Carmustine; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Glutathione; Interferon-gamma; Liver; Maleates; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA, Messenger; Superoxides; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Effect of vitamin E on keratinocyte-modulation induced by lauroylsarcosine.
Topics: Animals; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Detergents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epidermal Cells; Epidermis; Erythema; Keratinocytes; Male; Ointments; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sarcosine; Skin Tests; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Vinblastine; Vitamin E; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Impact of erythrocytes on mouse embryonal development in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Culture Techniques; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Erythrocytes; Female; Growth Inhibitors; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Oocytes; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
The interaction of cytochrome oxidase with hydrogen peroxide: the relationship of compounds P and F.
Topics: Carbon Monoxide; Circular Dichroism; Copper; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Electron Transport; Electron Transport Complex IV; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Iron; Models, Chemical; Nitroblue Tetrazolium; Oxidation-Reduction; Spectrophotometry; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Antioxidative activity of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin and its inhibitory effect on paraquat-induced cell toxicity in cultured rat hepatocytes.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Biopterins; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radical Scavengers; Hydroxyl Radical; Lipid Peroxides; Liver; Luminescent Measurements; Macrophages; Male; Paraquat; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Subcellular location of neutrophil opsonic receptors is altered by exogenous reactive oxygen species.
Topics: Catalase; Cell Membrane; Cytoskeleton; Glucose; Glucose Oxidase; Humans; Opsonin Proteins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Complement; Receptors, IgG; Receptors, Immunologic; Subcellular Fractions; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Oxidative denaturation of lens protein: prevention by pyruvate.
Topics: Animals; Crystallins; Free Radicals; Glucose; Lens, Crystalline; Oxidation-Reduction; Pentose Phosphate Pathway; Protein Denaturation; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
The effect of active oxygen generated by xanthine/xanthine oxidase on genes and signal transduction in mouse epidermal JB6 cells.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, myc; Mice; NAD; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; Protein Kinase C; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Modulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by hydroxyl radicals in rat cortical neurons in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Anions; Cerebral Cortex; Dithiothreitol; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Mannitol; Neurons; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spectrophotometry; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Effect of oxidant exposure on isolated rat colonocytes.
Topics: Animals; Benzene Derivatives; Catalase; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Colon; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Glutathione; Glutathione Peroxidase; Glutathione Reductase; Glutathione Transferase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Oxidants; Peroxides; Rats; Sulfhydryl Compounds; tert-Butylhydroperoxide; Vitamin K; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Gas chromatographic differentiation between myeloperoxidase activity and Fenton-type oxidants.
Topics: Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Cyclic; Chromatography, Gas; Ethylenes; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Iron; Kinetics; Methionine; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Peroxidase; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Abnormal purine and pyrimidine metabolism in inherited superactivity of PRPP synthetase.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Allopurinol; Child; Erythrocytes; Female; Guanine Nucleotides; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Male; NAD; Nuclear Family; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Reference Values; Ribonucleotides; Ribose-Phosphate Pyrophosphokinase; Uric Acid; Uridine; Uridine Diphosphate Glucose; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1994 |
Effect of allopurinol on the xanthinuria in a patient with molybdenum cofactor deficiency.
Topics: Allopurinol; Coenzymes; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Metalloproteins; Molybdenum; Molybdenum Cofactors; Pteridines; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Renal clearances of purine bases and oxypurinol during glucose infusion.
Topics: Adult; Allopurinol; Glucose; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Kidney; Male; Mannitol; Oxypurinol; Reference Values; Serum Albumin; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1994 |
Extracellular concentrations of oxypurines in xanthine oxidase-deficient hepatoma-derived cell line HuH-7.
Topics: 5'-Nucleotidase; Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Adenosine Deaminase; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cell Line; Culture Media; Cytosol; Guanine Deaminase; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Hypoxanthines; Liver; Liver Neoplasms; Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Variation in the modulation of superoxide-induced single-strand breaks in plasmid pBR322 DNA by biological antioxidants.
Topics: Antioxidants; DNA Damage; DNA, Single-Stranded; Escherichia coli; Plasmids; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Singlet oxygen generation in the superoxide reaction.
Topics: Azides; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Oxygen; Singlet Oxygen; Sodium Azide; Spin Labels; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Allopurinol protects against manganese-induced oxidative stress in the striatum and in the brainstem of the rat.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Brain Stem; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Male; Manganese; Norepinephrine; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1995 |
NMDA-dependent superoxide production and neurotoxicity.
Topics: Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Arginine; Calcium Channels; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Computer Simulation; Cyclic N-Oxides; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Mice; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Quinacrine; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester as a lipoxygenase inhibitor with antioxidant properties.
Topics: Antioxidants; Caffeic Acids; Hordeum; Humans; Kinetics; Linoleic Acid; Linoleic Acids; Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; Luminescent Measurements; Neutrophils; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenylethyl Alcohol; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
A sensitivity to oxidative stress is linked to chromosome 11 but is not due to a difference in single strand DNA breakage or repair.
Topics: Cell Line; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11; DNA Damage; DNA Repair; Humans; Keratinocytes; Micronucleus Tests; Neutrophils; Oxidation-Reduction; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Mechanism of inhibition of xanthine oxidase with a new tight binding inhibitor.
Topics: Isomerism; Kinetics; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Triazines; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Oxidation of DMSO and methanesulfinic acid by the hydroxyl radical.
Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; False Negative Reactions; Hydroxyl Radical; Oxidation-Reduction; Sulfinic Acids; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Uptake and release of carnitine by vascular endothelium in culture; effects of protons and oxygen free radicals.
Topics: Acidosis; Animals; Carnitine; Cattle; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Free Radicals; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ischemia; Kinetics; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lactates; Mitochondria; Ouabain; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Effect of glucose infusion on the renal transport of purine bases and oxypurinol.
Topics: Adult; Allopurinol; Biological Transport, Active; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Glucose; Gout; Half-Life; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Infusions, Intravenous; Kidney; Male; Mannitol; Oxypurinol; Purines; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1995 |
Oxidant stress increases heat shock protein 70 mRNA in isolated perfused rat heart.
Topics: Animals; Coronary Circulation; Free Radicals; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardial Reperfusion; Myocardium; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Rose Bengal; Singlet Oxygen; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Characterization of a method for the detection of drugs with free radical scavenging activity using porcine leukocytes.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Azides; Captopril; Catalase; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Free Radical Scavengers; Ionomycin; Leukocytes; Luminescent Measurements; Mannitol; Sodium Azide; Superoxide Dismutase; Swine; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Effects of free radical scavengers, methylprednisolone, and ulinastatin on acute xanthine and xanthine oxidase-induced lung injury in rats.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Free Radical Scavengers; Glycoproteins; Infusions, Intravenous; Lung; Male; Methylprednisolone; Organ Size; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Coronary artery contractility, Na(+)-pump and oxygen radicals.
Topics: Animals; Coronary Vessels; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardial Reperfusion; Ouabain; Potassium; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Superoxides; Swine; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Role of intracellular SOD in protecting human leukemic and cancer cells against superoxide and radiation.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leukemia; Mouth Neoplasms; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Effects of combined cold and hyperbaric oxygen storage on free flap survival.
Topics: Animals; Cold Temperature; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glutathione Reductase; Hyperbaric Oxygenation; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Surgical Flaps; Time Factors; Tissue Preservation; Tissue Survival; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Studies on the inhibitory effects of curcumin and eugenol on the formation of reactive oxygen species and the oxidation of ferrous iron.
Topics: Curcumin; Deoxyribose; Eugenol; Hydroxyl Radical; Iron; Lipid Peroxidation; Oxidation-Reduction; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Comparison of energy metabolism in rat liver grafts during preservation in University of Wisconsin or Euro-Collins solutions.
Topics: Adenosine; Allopurinol; Animals; Energy Metabolism; Glutathione; Hypertonic Solutions; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Insulin; Lactates; Liver; Liver Transplantation; Male; Microdialysis; Organ Preservation; Organ Preservation Solutions; Raffinose; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1995 |
Oxygen-free radicals and myocardial nerve fibers endings.
Topics: Animals; Electrolysis; Free Radicals; Heart; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Myofibrils; Nerve Endings; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
NADPH-, NADH- and cumene hydroperoxide-dependent metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene by pyloric caeca microsomes of the sea star Asterias rubens L. (Echinodermata: Asteroidea).
Topics: Animals; Benzene Derivatives; Benzo(a)pyrene; Epoxide Hydrolases; Kinetics; Microsomes; NAD; NADP; Phenols; Proteins; Pylorus; Quinones; Starfish; Trichloroepoxypropane; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Oxygen metabolites modulate sodium transport in gerbil middle ear epithelium: involvement of PGE2.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Cell Line, Transformed; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cyclic AMP; Dinoprostone; Ear, Middle; Electric Conductivity; Epithelium; Gerbillinae; Glucose; Glucose Oxidase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Mannitol; Microscopy, Electron; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sodium; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Carvedilol, a new vasodilating beta adrenoceptor blocker antihypertensive drug, protects endothelial cells from damage initiated by xanthine-xanthine oxidase and neutrophils.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Endothelium, Vascular; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neutrophils; Propanolamines; Pulmonary Artery; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Vasodilator Agents; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Glutamate uptake inhibition by oxygen free radicals in rat cortical astrocytes.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antioxidants; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Catalase; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Chloromercuribenzoates; Dithionitrobenzoic Acid; Dithiothreitol; Ethylmaleimide; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinetics; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid; Quinoxalines; Rats; Superoxide Dismutase; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Salutary effects of dopexamine, a DA-1 and beta-2 agonist, on free radical-induced toxicity in anesthetized rats.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Animals; Blood Pressure; Dobutamine; Dopamine; Fenoldopam; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Dopamine; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Response of fibroblast cultures from ataxia-telangiectasia patients to reactive oxygen species generated during inflammatory reactions.
Topics: Ataxia Telangiectasia; Cell Line; Cells, Cultured; DNA Damage; DNA Repair; DNA, Single-Stranded; Fibroblasts; Humans; Inflammation; Micronucleus Tests; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; X-Rays; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Vitamin K3 preferentially inhibits stimulation of phospholipase D-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylethanolamine by protein kinase C activators in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts.
Topics: 3T3 Cells; Animals; Cysteine; Enzyme Activation; Glutathione; Hydrolysis; Mice; Phosphatidylethanolamines; Phospholipase D; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Protein Kinase C; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Vitamin K; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Adriamycin-induced oxidation of myoglobin.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Animals; Catalase; Doxorubicin; Heart; Horses; Kinetics; Metmyoglobin; Muscles; Myoglobin; Oxidation-Reduction; Superoxide Dismutase; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Differential cytotoxicity in mouse epidermal JB6 cells: a potential mechanism for oxidant tumor promotion.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cell Death; Clone Cells; DNA Damage; Extracellular Space; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Genes, fos; Intracellular Fluid; Mice; Oxidants; RNA, Messenger; Sensitivity and Specificity; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Oxidant-mediated ciliary dysfunction in human respiratory epithelium.
Topics: Catalase; Cilia; Glucose Oxidase; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Nasal Mucosa; Oxidants; Sodium Hypochlorite; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Free oxygen radicals contribute to platelet aggregation and cyclic flow variations in stenosed and endothelium-injured canine coronary arteries.
Topics: Animals; Blood Flow Velocity; Catalase; Coronary Thrombosis; Coronary Vessels; Dogs; Endothelium, Vascular; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Platelet Aggregation; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
The reaction of superoxide with reduced glutathione.
Topics: Catalase; Glutathione; Glutathione Disulfide; Kinetics; Mathematics; Oxygen Consumption; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Enhanced oxidation of bis(3,5-dibromosalicyl) fumarate alpha-alpha cross linked hemoglobin by free radicals generated by xanthine/xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Aspirin; Cross-Linking Reagents; Free Radicals; Half-Life; Hemoglobin A; Hemoglobins; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxyhemoglobins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Effect of reactive oxygen species on the biosynthesis and structure of newly synthesized proteoglycans.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Cartilage, Articular; Cells, Cultured; Free Radicals; Glucosamine; Kinetics; Oxygen; Proteoglycans; Rabbits; Sulfates; Sulfur Radioisotopes; Tritium; Uridine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Ascorbic acid enhances the decrease in peroxidase activity in inflamed tissues of mice.
Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Carrageenan; Edema; Foot; Inflammation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; Peroxidase; Skin Temperature; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Peroxynitrite inhibition of oxygen consumption and sodium transport in alveolar type II cells.
Topics: Amiloride; Animals; Biological Transport; Edetic Acid; Ferric Compounds; Nitrates; Ouabain; Oxygen Consumption; Pulmonary Alveoli; Rabbits; Reactive Oxygen Species; Rubidium; Sodium; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Blockade of platelet-mediated relaxation in rat aortic rings exposed to xanthine-xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Animals; Anions; Aorta; Blood Platelets; Endothelium, Vascular; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Superoxides; Vasoconstriction; Vasodilation; Vasomotor System; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Depression of myocardial contractility is not a causative factor for circulatory deterioration in two experimental models of shock in anesthetized dogs.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Reactive Oxygen Species; Shock; Shock, Hemorrhagic; Splanchnic Circulation; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Nitric oxide mediates oxidant tissue injury caused by paraquat and xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Lung Diseases; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Paraquat; Rats; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Different role of lipid peroxidation in oxidative stress-induced lethal injury in normal and tumor thymocytes.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Cell Death; Glutathione; Glutathione Peroxidase; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lipid Peroxidation; Lymphoma; Malondialdehyde; Mice; Oxidation-Reduction; Peroxides; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; tert-Butylhydroperoxide; Thymus Gland; Thymus Neoplasms; Vitamin E; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Interactions of dithiols with p-aminophenyldichloroarsine and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Arsenicals; Chickens; Molecular Sequence Data; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Nicotinic; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Torpedo; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Kinetics and thermodynamics of the molecular mechanism of the reductive half-reaction of xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Cattle; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Milk; Oxidation-Reduction; Substrate Specificity; Thermodynamics; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
A comparative study of EPR spin trapping and cytochrome c reduction techniques for the measurement of superoxide anions.
Topics: Cyclic N-Oxides; Cytochrome c Group; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Kinetics; Oxidation-Reduction; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrophotometry; Spin Labels; Superoxides; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Effects of reactive oxygen metabolites on norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction.
Topics: Animals; Aorta; Catalase; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Vasoconstriction; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Roles of antioxidant enzymes in erythrocytes on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Catalase; Erythrocytes; Glutathione Peroxidase; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Oxidation-Reduction; Perfusion; Pulmonary Circulation; Rabbits; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Vasoconstriction; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Oxygen-derived radicals stimulate renin release of isolated juxtaglomerular cells.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Colforsin; Hydrogen Peroxide; Juxtaglomerular Apparatus; Melitten; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Reactive Oxygen Species; Renin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Hereditary xanthinuria: report of two cases.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Hypouricemic effect of allopurinol and the novel xanthine oxidase inhibitor TEI-6720 in chimpanzees.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Allopurinol; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Febuxostat; Female; Gout; Macaca mulatta; Male; Pan troglodytes; Thiazoles; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Physiologic levels of uric acid inhibit xanthine oxidase in human plasma.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Oxidation-Reduction; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reperfusion Injury; Superoxides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
SB 211475, a metabolite of carvedilol, a novel antihypertensive agent, is a potent antioxidant.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Brain; Carbazoles; Cattle; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Chromans; Endothelium, Vascular; Fumarates; Humans; Iron; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipoproteins, LDL; Macrophages; Male; Mice; Neurons; Neutrophils; Nicardipine; Oxidation-Reduction; Piperazines; Propanolamines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Activation of cardiac vagal afferents by oxygen-derived free radicals in rats.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Capsaicin; Deferoxamine; Female; Heart; Heart Ventricles; Hydrogen Peroxide; Indomethacin; Male; Mechanoreceptors; Physical Stimulation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Vagus Nerve; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Copper(II)[2,3-butanedionebis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone)], a stable superoxide dismutase-like copper complex with high membrane penetrability.
Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Copper; Copper Radioisotopes; Cytochrome c Group; Drug Stability; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neutrophils; Organometallic Compounds; Permeability; Superoxide Dismutase; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiosemicarbazones; Tissue Distribution; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Inhibition of the iron-catalysed formation of hydroxyl radicals by nitrosouracil derivatives: protection of mitochondrial membranes against lipid peroxidation.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Cattle; Deoxyribose; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Intracellular Membranes; Iron; Lipid Peroxidation; Mitochondria, Heart; Nitroso Compounds; Oxygen; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Uracil; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Reactive oxygen species influence nerve growth factor synthesis in primary rat astrocytes.
Topics: Animals; Anisomycin; Astrocytes; Catalase; Cells, Cultured; Hydrogen Peroxide; Nerve Growth Factors; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Dextran sulphates protect porcine arterial endothelial cells from free radical injury.
Topics: Animals; Aorta; Cells, Cultured; Dextran Sulfate; Endothelium, Vascular; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Swine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Excess substrate inhibition of xanthine oxidase: a reexamination.
Topics: Animals; Barbital; Buffers; Cattle; Female; Glycine; Kinetics; Mathematics; Milk; Phosphates; Potassium Compounds; Regression Analysis; Tromethamine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
The effect of reactive oxygen species on the biosynthesis of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in cultured human dermal fibroblasts.
Topics: Catalase; Cells, Cultured; Collagen; Connective Tissue; Fibroblasts; Free Radical Scavengers; Glycosaminoglycans; Humans; Reactive Oxygen Species; Skin; Skin Aging; Ultraviolet Rays; Vitamin E; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Mitigation of oxidant injury to lung microvasculature by intratracheal instillation of antioxidant enzymes.
Topics: Animals; Blood Vessels; Catalase; Intubation, Intratracheal; Male; Microcirculation; Pulmonary Circulation; Rabbits; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Vanadate-mediated hydroxyl radical generation from superoxide radical in the presence of NADH: Haber-Weiss vs Fenton mechanism.
Topics: Cyclic N-Oxides; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Hydroxyl Radical; NAD; Superoxides; Vanadates; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Free radical-induced alterations in endothelial cell function.
Topics: Acetates; Acetic Acid; Animals; Aorta; Cattle; Cell Survival; Cholesterol; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Endothelium, Vascular; Free Radicals; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipids; Oleic Acid; Oleic Acids; Protein Biosynthesis; Superoxides; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
Glutathione peroxidase compensates for the hypersensitivity of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase overproducers to oxidant stress.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cell Line; Clone Cells; DNA Damage; Glutathione Peroxidase; Isoenzymes; Mice; Oxidants; Skin; Superoxide Dismutase; Transfection; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1994 |
The modulating effects of antioxidants in rat embryos and Sertoli cells in culture.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Cell Division; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; Male; Nervous System; Nervous System Malformations; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sertoli Cells; Vitamin E; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Effect of DL-sodium lactate infusion on excretion of purine bases and oxypurinol.
Topics: Adult; Allopurinol; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Male; Oxypurinol; Purines; Serum Albumin; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1993 |
Ascorbic acid recycling in human neutrophils.
Topics: Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Catalase; Cells, Cultured; Dehydroascorbic Acid; Humans; Male; N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; Neutrophils; Oxidation-Reduction; Sodium Fluoride; Superoxide Dismutase; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Possible radical scavenging properties of cicletanine and renal protection in Dahl salt sensitive rats.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Antioxidants; Blood Pressure; Brain; Epoprostenol; Free Radical Scavengers; Hypertension; Kidney; Leukotrienes; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipid Peroxides; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sodium, Dietary; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Plasma membrane changes in the rat corpus luteum induced by oxygen radical generation.
Topics: Acetophenones; Animals; Catalase; Cell Membrane; Corpus Luteum; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Free Radical Scavengers; Indomethacin; Lipid Peroxides; Membrane Fluidity; Membrane Lipids; Phospholipids; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Effects of reactive oxygen species on arachidonic acid metabolism in rabbit platelets.
Topics: 12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Blood Platelets; Catalase; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids; Male; Rabbits; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Thromboxane B2; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Reductive half-reaction of xanthine oxidase with xanthine. Observation of a spectral intermediate attributable to the molybdenum center in the reaction of enzyme with xanthine.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Cattle; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Female; Kinetics; Mathematics; Milk; Molybdenum; Spectrophotometry; Thermodynamics; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Human sperm hyperactivation and capacitation as parts of an oxidative process.
Topics: Acrosome; Deferoxamine; Fetal Blood; Humans; Lysophosphatidylcholines; Male; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; NADPH Oxidases; Oxidation-Reduction; Sperm Capacitation; Sperm Motility; Spermatozoa; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Reductive half-reaction of xanthine oxidase: mechanistic role of the species giving rise to the "rapid type 1" molybdenum(V) electron paramagnetic resonance signal.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Female; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Kinetics; Milk; Molybdenum; Oxidation-Reduction; Purines; Spectrophotometry; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Effects of hyaluronic acid on macrophage phagocytosis and active oxygen release.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Guinea Pigs; Hyaluronic Acid; Hydrogen Peroxide; Macrophages; Male; Molecular Weight; Peritoneal Cavity; Phagocytosis; Plastic Embedding; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Effect of superoxide exposure on albumin permeability of isolated rat glomeruli.
Topics: Albumins; Animals; Catalase; Cell Membrane Permeability; Indomethacin; Kidney Glomerulus; Lymphocyte Activation; Macrophages; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Lucigenin and linoleate enhanced chemiluminescent assay for superoxide dismutase activity.
Topics: Acridines; Animals; Free Radicals; Glutathione Peroxidase; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Linoleic Acid; Linoleic Acids; Luminescent Measurements; Rats; Selenium; Sodium Selenite; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Inhibitory effect of neopterin on NADPH-dependent superoxide-generating oxidase of rat peritoneal macrophages.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Biopterins; Calcium; Cell-Free System; Macrophages; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; NADP; NADPH Oxidases; Neopterin; Peritoneal Cavity; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Reductive activation of benzazolo[3,2-a]-quinolinium chlorides.
Topics: Chlorides; Cytochrome c Group; Kinetics; Oxidation-Reduction; Quinolinium Compounds; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Kinetic determination of serum adenosine deaminase.
Topics: 2,6-Dichloroindophenol; Adenosine; Adenosine Deaminase; Autoanalysis; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Kinetics; Pentosyltransferases; Reference Values; Spectrophotometry; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Toxicity of free radicals to mesothelial cells and peritoneal membrane.
Topics: Animals; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; Peritoneum; Peritonitis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species; Vitamin E; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Effect of lactate infusion on renal transport of purine bases and oxypurinol.
Topics: Adult; Allopurinol; Biological Transport, Active; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Infusions, Intravenous; Kidney; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Male; Oxypurinol; Purines; Serum Albumin; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1993 |
Oxidant injury alters barrier function of ferret tracheal epithelium.
Topics: Animals; Chlorides; Electrophysiology; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Ferrets; Hypertonic Solutions; Male; Mannitol; Permeability; Reactive Oxygen Species; Regression Analysis; Sodium; Trachea; Urea; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Myoglobin protects against endothelial cell membrane damage associated with hydrogen peroxide or xanthine/xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Adenine; Animals; Aorta; Ascorbic Acid; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Endothelium, Vascular; Hydrogen Peroxide; Metmyoglobin; Myoglobin; Reperfusion Injury; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Endothelium-dependent contractions to oxygen-derived free radicals in the canine basilar artery.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Basilar Artery; Cattle; Dogs; Endothelium, Vascular; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Indomethacin; Meclofenamic Acid; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; omega-N-Methylarginine; Oxygen; Prostaglandins; Superoxide Dismutase; Thromboxane B2; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Cardiac depressant effects of oxygen free radicals.
Topics: Animals; Depression, Chemical; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Hemodynamics; Male; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Oxygen; Rabbits; Superoxide Dismutase; Ventricular Function, Left; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Decreased endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation following subtotal coronary artery occlusion in dogs.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Coronary Artery Disease; Dogs; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Free Radicals; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Neutrophils; Nitric Oxide; Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic; Vasodilation; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
In vitro and ex vivo xanthine oxidoreductase activity in rat and guinea-pig hearts using hypoxanthine or xanthine as substrate.
Topics: Animals; Guinea Pigs; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; In Vitro Techniques; Myocardium; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Substrate Specificity; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Induction of immediate early and stress genes in rat proximal tubule epithelium following injury: the significance of cytosolic ionized calcium.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cytosol; Epithelium; Gene Expression Regulation; Heat-Shock Proteins; Ions; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Male; Proto-Oncogenes; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Stress, Physiological; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Airway inflammation induced by xanthine/xanthine oxidase in guinea pigs.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Animals; Azo Compounds; Bronchi; Bronchoconstriction; Capillary Permeability; Catalase; Deferoxamine; Drug Interactions; Free Radicals; Guinea Pigs; Inflammation; Lung; Male; Superoxide Dismutase; Trachea; Trypan Blue; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Airway constriction by xanthine/xanthine oxidase in guinea pigs in vivo.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Aerosols; Airway Obstruction; Airway Resistance; Animals; Bronchoconstriction; Catalase; Constriction, Pathologic; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Guinea Pigs; Histamine; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; Respiratory System; Sulfur Dioxide; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1993 |
Susceptibility of cloned K+ channels to reactive oxygen species.
Topics: Animals; Delayed Rectifier Potassium Channels; Light; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Peroxides; Potassium Channels; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated; Reactive Oxygen Species; Recombinant Proteins; Rose Bengal; Shab Potassium Channels; Shaker Superfamily of Potassium Channels; Shaw Potassium Channels; tert-Butylhydroperoxide; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines; Xenopus | 1995 |
Involvement of superoxide and xanthine oxidase in neutrophil-independent rat gastric damage induced by NO donors.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gastric Mucosa; Male; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide; Nitroprusside; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1995 |
Scavenging of neutrophil-derived superoxide anion by 1-hydroxyphenazine, a phenazine derivative associated with chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: relevance to cystic fibrosis.
Topics: Acridines; Cystic Fibrosis; Cytochrome c Group; Electron Transport; Epinephrine; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Luminescent Measurements; NADP; Neutrophils; Oxygen; Phenazines; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Effects of tissue factor induced by oxygen free radicals on coronary flow during reperfusion.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Northern; Cells, Cultured; Coronary Circulation; Cycloheximide; Endothelium, Vascular; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Gene Expression; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardial Reperfusion; Oxygen; Rabbits; Regional Blood Flow; RNA, Messenger; Thromboplastin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide prevents injury of pulmonary vascular permeability due to xanthine with xanthine oxidase.
Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Animals; Capillary Permeability; Free Radical Scavengers; Male; Pulmonary Artery; Pulmonary Edema; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Thromboxane B2; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Inhibition of hydroxyl radical formation by human tears.
Topics: Eye Proteins; Female; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Hydroxylation; Male; Superoxides; Tears; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1987 |
Intracellular regulation of progesterone secretion by the superoxide radical in the rat corpus luteum.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Corpus Luteum; Electroporation; Female; Free Radicals; Luteinizing Hormone; Progesterone; Rats; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Reactive oxygen intermediates cause rapid release of the interleukin-1 decoy receptor from human myelomonocytic cells.
Topics: Cells, Cultured; Endocytosis; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Interleukin-1; Monocytes; NADP; Neutrophils; Oxidation-Reduction; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Interleukin-1; Recombinant Proteins; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
The reductive half-reaction of xanthine oxidase. The involvement of prototropic equilibria in the course of the catalytic sequence.
Topics: Catalysis; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Fluorescent Dyes; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Molybdenum; Oxidation-Reduction; Pteridines; Purines; Solvents; Substrate Specificity; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) formation by 4-hydroxynonenal in primary cultures of rabbit synovial fibroblasts.
Topics: Aldehydes; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fibroblasts; Lipid Peroxidation; Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; Rabbits; Reactive Oxygen Species; Synovial Membrane; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Hydrogen peroxide increases Na+/K(+)-ATPase function in alveolar type II cells.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Enzyme Activation; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; Oxidative Stress; Pulmonary Alveoli; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Studies on nitric oxide free radicals generated from polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) stimulated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).
Topics: Arginine; Cyclic N-Oxides; Enzyme Inhibitors; Free Radicals; Humans; Luminescent Measurements; Luminol; Neutrophils; Nitric Oxide; omega-N-Methylarginine; Spin Labels; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Antiperoxidative components in Thymus vulgaris.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Hemolysis; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Magnoliopsida; Male; Microsomes, Liver; Mitochondria, Liver; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Effects of transfection with the Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase gene on xanthine/xanthine oxidase-induced cytotoxicity in fibroblasts from rat skin.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Avian Sarcoma Viruses; Base Sequence; DNA, Complementary; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; Fibroblasts; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Genetic Therapy; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Oxidative Stress; Plasmids; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Rats; Skin; Superoxide Dismutase; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Transfection; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Oxidation of caffeine and related methylxanthines in ascorbate and polyphenol-driven Fenton-type oxidations.
Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Caffeine; Catalase; Cattle; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Edetic Acid; Ferrous Compounds; Hydroxyl Radical; Kinetics; Liver; Mass Spectrometry; Molecular Structure; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenols; Purines; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Lipid peroxidation in egg phosphatidylcholine liposomes: comparative studies on the induction systems Fe2+/ascorbate and Fe(3+)-chelates/xanthine-xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Chelating Agents; Electrochemistry; Ferrous Compounds; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lipid Peroxidation; Liposomes; Phosphatidylcholines; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Effect of hyperoxia and exogenous oxidant stress on pulmonary artery endothelial cell Na+/H+ antiport activity.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Chromium; Culture Media, Conditioned; Endothelium, Vascular; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen; Pulmonary Artery; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates and products from polyamine degradation are Babesiacidal in vitro.
Topics: Acrolein; Animals; Antiprotozoal Agents; Babesia bovis; Catalase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxides; Nitrites; Nitroprusside; Oxidants; Penicillamine; Polyamines; Reactive Oxygen Species; S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine; Spermidine; Spermine; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Free radical-induced endothelial membrane dysfunction at the site of blood-brain barrier: relationship between lipid peroxidation, Na,K-ATPase activity, and 51Cr release.
Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Cell Membrane; Chromium Radioisotopes; Endothelium, Vascular; Free Radicals; Glutathione; Hydrogen Peroxide; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lipid Peroxidation; Ouabain; Oxidants; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rubidium Radioisotopes; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Determination of human plasma xanthine oxidase activity by high-performance liquid chromatography.
Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Ethanol; Glycogen Storage Disease Type I; Gout; Heparin; Hepatitis C; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoxanthine; Pterins; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines; Xanthopterin | 1996 |
Superoxide does not inhibit glyceryl trinitrate-rabbit aortic strip-mediated relaxation of rabbit Taenia coli. Evidence against a role for nitric oxide itself as the smooth muscle active drug metabolite?
Topics: Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Biotransformation; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Molsidomine; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Nitric Oxide; Nitroglycerin; Oxidation-Reduction; Rabbits; Superoxides; Vasodilation; Vasodilator Agents; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Echinacoside and caffeoyl conjugates protect collagen from free radical-induced degradation: a potential use of Echinacea extracts in the prevention of skin photodamage.
Topics: Caffeic Acids; Collagen; Free Radical Scavengers; Glycosides; Hydrolysis; Reactive Oxygen Species; Skin; Ultraviolet Rays; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Metallothionein and zinc as potential antioxidants in radical-induced lipid peroxidation in cultured hepatocytes.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media; Cytosol; Free Radicals; Iron; Lipid Peroxidation; Liver; Metallothionein; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines; Zinc | 1996 |
Induction and activation of procollagenase in rabbit synovial fibroblasts after treatment with active oxygen released by xanthine/xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Animals; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cells, Cultured; Collagenases; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Precursors; Extracellular Matrix; Fibroblasts; Interleukin-1; Models, Biological; Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; Rabbits; Reactive Oxygen Species; Synovial Membrane; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1995 |
Free radicals enhance Na+/Ca2+ exchange in ventricular myocytes.
Topics: Animals; Caffeine; Calcium; Carrier Proteins; Heart Ventricles; Hydrogen Peroxide; Myocardium; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rabbits; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxygenation of tyrosine.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Cattle; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Melanoma; Monophenol Monooxygenase; Oxygen; Substrate Specificity; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Tyrosine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Effect of transfection with a superoxide dismutase expression plasmid on xanthine/xanthine oxidase-induced cytotoxicity in cultured rat lung cells.
Topics: Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cytomegalovirus; Genetic Therapy; Humans; Lung; Plasmids; Rats; Superoxide Dismutase; Transfection; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Antioxidant protection of NO-induced relaxations of the mouse anococcygeus against inhibition by superoxide anions, hydroquinone and carboxy-PTIO.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Benzoates; Benzoquinones; Electric Stimulation; Hydroquinones; Imidazoles; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Nitric Oxide; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Cardiac vagal afferent stimulation by free radicals during ischaemia and reperfusion.
Topics: Animals; Capsaicin; Chemoreceptor Cells; Coronary Vessels; Heart; Hydrogen Peroxide; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardial Reperfusion; Neurons, Afferent; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Vagus Nerve; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Combined deficiency of xanthine oxidase and sulphite oxidase due to a deficiency of molybdenum cofactor.
Topics: Coenzymes; Female; Fibroblasts; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Infant; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Metalloproteins; Molybdenum; Molybdenum Cofactors; Nervous System Diseases; Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donors; Pteridines; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Xanthine oxidase activity is not increased in the colonic mucosa of ulcerative colitis.
Topics: Biopsy; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Colitis, Ulcerative; Cysteine; Cystine; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Superoxides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Effect of pharmacological interventions in the prevention of lipid peroxidation and respiratory depression induced by oxygen free radicals in anesthetized rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Dopamine; Felodipine; Hemodynamics; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Respiratory Insufficiency; Vasodilator Agents; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Modulation of oxygen-radical-scavenging enzymes by oxidative stress in primary cultures of rat astroglial cells.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Catalase; Cells, Cultured; Cellular Senescence; Dialysis; Free Radical Scavengers; Glucose; Glucose Oxidase; Lipopolysaccharides; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Direct effects of intraperilymphatic reactive oxygen species generation on cochlear function.
Topics: Action Potentials; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antidotes; Auditory Threshold; Catalase; Cochlea; Cochlear Microphonic Potentials; Deferoxamine; Enzyme Inhibitors; Guinea Pigs; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Perilymph; Potassium Cyanide; Reactive Oxygen Species; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Tempace and troxyl-novel synthesized 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine derivatives as antioxidants and radioprotectors.
Topics: Antioxidants; Cobalt Radioisotopes; Cyclic N-Oxides; Deoxyribose; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Free Radical Scavengers; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Iron; Oxidation-Reduction; Piperidines; Radiation-Protective Agents; Spin Labels; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Tautomerism of xanthine and alloxanthine: a model for substrate recognition by xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Binding Sites; Drug Design; Gases; Models, Chemical; Molecular Structure; Oxypurinol; Solutions; Substrate Specificity; Thermodynamics; Water; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1996 |
Free radical enhancement promotes leucocyte recruitment through a PAF and LTB4 dependent mechanism.
Topics: Animals; Diterpenes; Free Radicals; Ginkgolides; Indoles; Lactones; Leukotriene B4; Lipase; Male; Neutrophils; Pancreas; Pancreatitis; Peroxidase; Platelet Activating Factor; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Antioxidant and prooxidant role of beta-carotene in murine normal and tumor thymocytes: effects of oxygen partial pressure.
Topics: Amidines; Animals; Antioxidants; beta Carotene; Free Radicals; Lipid Peroxidation; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Oxidants; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Thymus Gland; Thymus Neoplasms; Vitamin E; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Selective guanylyl cyclase inhibitor reverses nitric oxide-induced vasorelaxation.
Topics: Animals; Aorta; COS Cells; Cyclic GMP; Guanosine Triphosphate; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Nitric Oxide; Nitroglycerin; Nitroso Compounds; Oxadiazoles; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenylephrine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
The protective effect of the olive oil polyphenol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-ethanol counteracts reactive oxygen metabolite-induced cytotoxicity in Caco-2 cells.
Topics: Antioxidants; Caco-2 Cells; Cell Survival; Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Inulin; Lipid Peroxidation; Malondialdehyde; Olive Oil; Oxidants; Oxidative Stress; Phenylethyl Alcohol; Plant Oils; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Inhibition of xanthine oxidase-xanthine-iron mediated lipid peroxidation by eugenol in liposomes.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Edetic Acid; Eugenol; Free Radical Scavengers; Iron; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Microsomes, Liver; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Reactive oxygen species stimulate insulin-like growth factor I synthesis in vascular smooth muscle cells.
Topics: Animals; Aorta; Blotting, Western; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; DNA; Hydrogen Peroxide; Immune Sera; In Situ Hybridization; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 4; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Oxidation-Reduction; Radioimmunoassay; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA, Messenger; Stimulation, Chemical; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Novel "scavestrogens" and their radical scavenging effects, iron-chelating, and total antioxidative activities: delta 8,9-dehydro derivatives of 17 alpha-estradiol and 17 beta-estradiol.
Topics: Acridines; Animals; Antioxidants; Estradiol; Estrogens; Free Radical Scavengers; Iron; Iron Chelating Agents; Lipid Peroxidation; Luminescent Measurements; Luminol; Male; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Assessment of xanthine oxidase in human lung and lung transplantation.
Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Free Radicals; Heart-Lung Transplantation; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Lactoferrin; Lung; Lung Transplantation; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Reperfusion Injury; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Effects of oxygen radicals and radical scavenging on opossum lower esophageal sphincter.
Topics: Animals; Ditiocarb; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Esophagogastric Junction; Female; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle Tonus; Opossums; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Increasing vasoconstrictor response to ergonovine with oxidative injury in canine coronary artery.
Topics: Animals; Coronary Angiography; Coronary Vasospasm; Coronary Vessels; Dogs; Endothelium, Vascular; Ergonovine; Microscopy, Electron; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Reactive Oxygen Species; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
[Xanthine urinary calculus in a patient with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. Apropos of a case].
Topics: Allopurinol; Antimetabolites; Child; Enzyme Inhibitors; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Male; Oxypurinol; Spectrophotometry; Urinary Bladder Calculi; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1997 |
Protein tyrosine kinase activity regulates nitric oxide synthase induction in rat hepatocytes.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Enzyme Induction; Enzyme Inhibitors; Genistein; Interleukin-1; Isoflavones; Liver; Male; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Phosphotyrosine; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Acceleration of hypertensive cerebral injury by the inhibition of xanthine-xanthine oxidase system in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Allopurinol; Amitrole; Animals; Brain; Catalase; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Enzyme Inhibitors; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Hypertension; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Loss of the metal binding properties of metallothionein induced by hydrogen peroxide and free radicals.
Topics: Amidines; Cadmium Radioisotopes; Dithiothreitol; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Metallothionein; Oxidants; Protein Binding; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Differential effects of pharmacologically generated reactive oxygen species upon functional activity of epididymal mouse spermatozoa.
Topics: Animals; Cell Survival; Epididymis; Free Radical Scavengers; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sperm Motility; Spermatozoa; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Effect of reactive oxygen species on the elastin mRNA expression in cultured human dermal fibroblasts.
Topics: Blotting, Northern; Catalase; Cells, Cultured; Elastin; Fibroblasts; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA, Messenger; Skin; Skin Aging; Ultraviolet Rays; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Glycosylation enhances oxygen radical-induced modifications and decreases acetylhydrolase activity of human low density lipoprotein.
Topics: 1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase; Analysis of Variance; Copper Sulfate; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Free Radical Scavengers; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Humans; Lipoproteins, LDL; Phospholipases A; Platelet Activating Factor; Reference Values; Regression Analysis; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Protective effect of diltiazem on myocardial ischemic injury associated with .OH generation.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diltiazem; Heart Rate; Hydroxybenzoates; Hydroxyl Radical; Male; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Salicylates; Salicylic Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Quantitative measurement of superoxide generation using the spin trap 5-(diethoxyphosphoryl)-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide.
Topics: Cyclic N-Oxides; Cytochrome c Group; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Half-Life; In Vitro Techniques; Light; Oxidation-Reduction; Riboflavin; Spin Labels; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Substances in the aqueous fraction of cigarette smoke inhibit lipid peroxidation in synaptosomes of rat cerebral cortex.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Cerebral Cortex; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Leukocytes; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Nicotiana; Plants, Toxic; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Smoke; Solubility; Superoxides; Synaptosomes; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Water; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Troglitazone has a scavenging effect on reactive oxygen species.
Topics: Antioxidants; Chromans; Cytochrome c Group; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Iron; Molecular Structure; Neutrophils; Pioglitazone; Reactive Oxygen Species; Spin Labels; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Thiazoles; Thiazolidinediones; Troglitazone; Vitamin E; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Phospholipase D activity in the intestinal mitochondria: activation by oxygen free radicals.
Topics: Animals; Enzyme Activation; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Intestine, Small; Lipid Metabolism; Mitochondria; Oxidative Stress; Phosphatidic Acids; Phospholipase D; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxides; Vitamin K; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Reactive oxygen species and calcium homeostasis in cultured human intestinal smooth muscle cells.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Cadmium; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Homeostasis; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Intestines; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Muscle, Smooth; Nifedipine; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium; Reactive Oxygen Species; Verapamil; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Exogenous xanthine promotes neutrophil adherence to cultured endothelial cells.
Topics: Antioxidants; Azepines; Cell Adhesion; Cells, Cultured; Endothelium, Vascular; Enzyme Inhibitors; Heparin; Humans; Neutrophils; Osmolar Concentration; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Triazoles; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Inhibition of glutamate transport in synaptosomes by dopamine oxidation and reactive oxygen species.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Biological Transport; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Ethylmaleimide; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Monophenol Monooxygenase; Oxidation-Reduction; Pentetic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Synaptosomes; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Influence of nitric oxide on luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence measured from porcine-stimulated leukocytes.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Cell-Free System; Indicators and Reagents; Leukocytes; Luminescent Measurements; Luminol; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Niacinamide; Nicorandil; Nitric Oxide; Swine; Sydnones; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Vasodilator Agents; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Biphasic alterations in cardiac beta-adrenoceptor signal transduction mechanism due to oxyradicals.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Free Radicals; GTP-Binding Proteins; Hydrogen Peroxide; Myocardium; Rats; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; Signal Transduction; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1997 |
Mitochondrial membrane potential and hydroethidine-monitored superoxide generation in cultured cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: Animals; Antimycin A; Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Ethidium; Fluorescent Dyes; Hydrogen Peroxide; Membrane Potentials; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Mitochondria; Oligomycins; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenanthridines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rotenone; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1997 |
Activation of liver mitochondrial phospholipase A2 by superoxide.
Topics: Acetophenones; Animals; Antioxidants; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Glutathione; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lipid Peroxidation; Mitochondria, Liver; Oxidants; Phospholipases A; Phospholipases A2; Phospholipids; Rats; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Trifluoperazine; Vitamin K; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1997 |
Superoxide-dependent peroxidase activity of H48Q: a superoxide dismutase variant associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Binding Sites; Cloning, Molecular; Copper; Cytochrome c Group; Escherichia coli; Hydrogen Peroxide; Mutation; Oxidation-Reduction; Recombinant Proteins; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1997 |
Hydroxyl radical-induced decline in motility and increase in lipid peroxidation and DNA modification in human sperm.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Adenosine Diphosphate; Deoxyguanosine; DNA; Ferrous Compounds; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Kinetics; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Malondialdehyde; Sperm Motility; Spermatozoa; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1997 |
Production of nitric oxide (NO) during the oxidation of human oxyhemoglobin by nitrite: application of a NO-selective electrode for the measurement of NO.
Topics: Electrodes; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Nitric Oxide; Nitrites; Oxyhemoglobins; Photometry; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1997 |
Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential during oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Cell Nucleus; Cell Survival; DNA Fragmentation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hydrogen Peroxide; Intracellular Membranes; Kinetics; Linoleic Acids; Membrane Potentials; Mitochondria; Oxidative Stress; PC12 Cells; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Rats; Recombinant Proteins; Transfection; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1997 |
Novel estrogens and their radical scavenging effects, iron-chelating, and total antioxidative activities: 17 alpha-substituted analogs of delta 9(11)-dehydro-17 beta-estradiol.
Topics: Animals; Anisoles; Antioxidants; Cresols; Estradiol; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Free Radical Scavengers; Iron Chelating Agents; Lipid Peroxidation; Luminescent Measurements; Male; Rats; Structure-Activity Relationship; Sulfides; Superoxides; Synaptosomes; Toluidines; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1997 |
Differential effect of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion on apoptosis and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells.
Topics: Animals; Anions; Apoptosis; Cell Division; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ferrous Compounds; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Male; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Oxidants; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1997 |
Adult-onset energy restriction of rhesus monkeys attenuates oxidative stress-induced cytokine expression by peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Energy Intake; Interleukin-6; Interleukins; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Macaca mulatta; Male; Oxidative Stress; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1997 |
Effects of in-vivo generation of oxygen free radicals on immune responsiveness in rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies; C-Reactive Protein; Cell Migration Inhibition; Erythrocytes; Free Radicals; Male; Rabbits; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sheep; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Tuberculin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1997 |
Production of reactive oxygen species and release of L-glutamate during superoxide anion-induced cell death of cerebellar granule neurons.
Topics: Animals; Anions; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Drug Combinations; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Periplasmic superoxide dismutase in meningococcal pathogenicity.
Topics: Alleles; Animals; Artificial Gene Fusion; Bacterial Proteins; Cloning, Molecular; Copper; Cytosol; DNA, Bacterial; Gene Expression; Host-Parasite Interactions; Meningococcal Infections; Mice; Neisseria meningitidis; Paraquat; Periplasm; Reactive Oxygen Species; Recombination, Genetic; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Superoxide Dismutase; Virulence; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Zinc | 1998 |
2-2'-Pyridylisatogen, a selective allosteric modulator of P2 receptors, is a spin trapping agent.
Topics: Allosteric Regulation; Cyclic N-Oxides; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Iron; Isatin; Kinetics; Molecular Structure; Nitrogen Oxides; Receptors, Purinergic P2; Spin Labels; Spin Trapping; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Adenosine prevents permeability increase in oxidant-injured endothelial monolayers.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide); Cell Membrane Permeability; Cells, Cultured; Coloring Agents; Endothelium, Vascular; Evans Blue; Humans; Kinetics; Oxidants; Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Umbilical Veins; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Antioxidant activities of different hemoglobin derivatives.
Topics: Acridines; Antioxidants; Dopamine; Erythrocytes; Hemoglobins; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Luminescent Measurements; Oxidative Stress; Peroxidases; Spectrophotometry; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Oxidative stress induced by bloodless limb surgery on humans.
Topics: Aged; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; Blood Loss, Surgical; Glutathione; Hemoglobins; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Knee; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 1997 |
Free radical stimulation of tyrosine kinase and phosphatase activity in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Topics: Catalase; Enzyme Inhibitors; Free Radicals; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lymphocytes; Metals; Phosphorylation; Phosphotyrosine; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Reactive Oxygen Species; Signal Transduction; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Vanadates; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Circulating xanthine oxidase and neutrophil activation during human liver transplantation.
Topics: Adult; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Intraoperative Period; Lactoferrin; Liver Circulation; Liver Transplantation; Male; Middle Aged; Neutrophil Activation; Postoperative Period; Reperfusion; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
In vitro antioxidant properties of calcium dobesilate.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Aorta; Calcium; Calcium Dobesilate; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Endothelium, Vascular; Erythrocyte Membrane; Free Radical Scavengers; Hemostatics; Humans; Hydroxyl Radical; Lipid Peroxidation; Luminescent Measurements; Neutrophils; Platelet Activating Factor; Potassium; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Reactive oxygen species: potential cause for DNA fragmentation in human spermatozoa.
Topics: Antioxidants; DNA Fragmentation; Drug Combinations; Glutathione; Humans; Male; Reactive Oxygen Species; Spermatozoa; Taurine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Nitric oxide production in human macrophagic cells phagocytizing opsonized zymosan: direct characterization by measurement of the luminol dependent chemiluminescence.
Topics: Calcitriol; Cell Differentiation; Cell-Free System; Free Radical Scavengers; Guanidines; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin G; Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute; Luminescent Measurements; Luminol; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Macrophage Activation; Macrophages; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; omega-N-Methylarginine; Opsonin Proteins; Phagocytosis; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Tretinoin; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Zymosan | 1998 |
Xanthine oxidase reaction with nitric oxide and peroxynitrite.
Topics: Animals; Blood Proteins; Catalase; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Endothelium, Vascular; Free Radicals; Glutathione; In Vitro Techniques; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide; Nitroso Compounds; Oxidants; S-Nitrosoglutathione; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Involvement of nitrosothiols, nitric oxide and voltage-gated K+ channels in photorelaxation of vascular smooth muscle.
Topics: Benzoates; Ethacrynic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydroxymercuribenzoates; Imidazoles; In Vitro Techniques; Light; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Nitric Oxide; Potassium; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Protease Inhibitors; Sodium Iodide; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Effect of reactive oxygen species on iron regulatory protein activity.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Animals; Down-Regulation; Ferritins; Iron; Iron-Regulatory Proteins; Iron-Sulfur Proteins; Ischemia; Liver; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA-Binding Proteins; Wnt2 Protein; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Capsaicin receptors mediate free radical-induced activation of cardiac afferent endings.
Topics: Adrenergic Fibers; Animals; Bradykinin; Capsaicin; Coloring Agents; Free Radicals; Heart; Male; Neurons, Afferent; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Drug; Ruthenium Red; Sensory Receptor Cells; Stellate Ganglion; Vagus Nerve; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Apoptosis, reproductive failure, and oxidative stress in Chinese hamster ovary cells with compromised genomic integrity.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Cell Division; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Fluoresceins; Genes, p53; Lipid Peroxidation; Oxidative Stress; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Complementary action of antioxidant enzymes in the protection of bioengineered insulin-producing RINm5F cells against the toxicity of reactive oxygen species.
Topics: Alloxan; Animals; Antioxidants; Catalase; Gene Expression; Glutathione Peroxidase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Insulin; Islets of Langerhans; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Transfection; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Vitamin K; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Effect of xanthine oxidase inhibition on endothelium-dependent and nitrergic relaxations.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Allopurinol; Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Endothelium, Vascular; Enzyme Inhibitors; Free Radical Scavengers; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle Tonus; Muscle, Smooth; Nitric Oxide; Phenylephrine; Propylamines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Superoxide Dismutase; Vasoconstriction; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Vasodilation; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
[Hereditary xanthinuria, rare cause of hypo-uric acidemia. 2 cases].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Chromosome Aberrations; Chromosome Disorders; Female; Genes, Recessive; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Male; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Comparison of the effects of nitric oxide and peroxynitrite on the 12-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase metabolism of arachidonic acid in rabbit platelets.
Topics: 12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid; Animals; Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase; Arachidonic Acid; Blood Platelets; Catalase; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; Male; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Rabbits; Superoxides; Thromboxane B2; Triazenes; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Role of xanthine oxidase in hydrogen peroxide production.
Topics: Allopurinol; Electrochemistry; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinetics; Plasma; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sodium Azide; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Characterization of the enzymatic activity for biphasic competition by guanoxabenz (1-(2,6-dichlorobenzylidene-amino)-3-hydroxyguanidine) at alpha2-adrenoceptors. II. Description of a xanthine-dependent enzymatic activity in spleen cytosol.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Binding, Competitive; Cytosol; Guanabenz; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Spleen; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Xanthine urolithiasis in a dachshund.
Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Male; Uric Acid; Urinary Calculi; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
In vitro degradation of tropoelastin by reactive oxygen species.
Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Copper Sulfate; Hematoporphyrins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tropoelastin; Ultraviolet Rays; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Phytic acid inhibits free radical formation in vitro but does not affect liver oxidant or antioxidant status in growing rats.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Cyclic N-Oxides; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radicals; Glutathione; Hydroxyl Radical; Iron; Liver; Male; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Phytic Acid; Rats; Spin Labels; Superoxides; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Vitamin E; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Characterization of membrane-bound serine protease related to degradation of oxidatively damaged erythrocyte membrane proteins.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cytosol; Erythrocyte Membrane; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Isoflurophate; Membrane Proteins; Molecular Weight; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Serine Endopeptidases; Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Spectrin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Characterization of guanoxabenz reducing activity in rat brain.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Binding, Competitive; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Guanabenz; Male; NAD; NADP; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Synaptic Membranes; Xanthine | 1998 |
Free radicals generated by xanthine oxidase mediate pancreatitis-associated organ failure.
Topics: Acute Disease; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Free Radicals; Lipid Peroxidation; Liver; Male; Multiple Organ Failure; Oxidative Stress; Pancreas; Pancreatitis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Effects of oxidants and glutamate receptor activation on mitochondrial membrane potential in rat forebrain neurons.
Topics: Animals; Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone; Cells, Cultured; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Mitochondria; Neurons; Oligomycins; Oxidants; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Glutamate; tert-Butylhydroperoxide; Uncoupling Agents; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Effect of in vitro generation of oxygen free radicals on T cell function in young and old rats.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Antioxidants; Cells, Cultured; Concanavalin A; Free Radicals; Hot Temperature; Hydrogen Peroxide; Interleukin-2; Lymphocyte Activation; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Reactive Oxygen Species; T-Lymphocytes; Transcription Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Lucigenin as mediator of superoxide production: revisited.
Topics: Acridines; Cytochrome c Group; Luminescent Measurements; Oxidation-Reduction; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Superoxide electrode based on covalently immobilized cytochrome c: modelling studies.
Topics: Cytochrome c Group; Electrochemistry; Electrodes; Glioblastoma; Humans; Mathematics; Models, Chemical; Superoxides; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Regulation of reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis and necrosis by caspase 3-like proteases.
Topics: Apoptosis; Caspase 3; Caspases; Cell Membrane; Cytochrome c Group; DNA Fragmentation; Endopeptidases; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid; Necrosis; Neoplasm Proteins; Oxidative Stress; Protease Inhibitors; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by pterins.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edetic Acid; Ferric Compounds; Formazans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Nitroblue Tetrazolium; Oxidation-Reduction; Pterins; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Time Factors; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Microsomal cytochrome P450 dependent oxidation of N-hydroxyguanidines, amidoximes, and ketoximes: mechanism of the oxidative cleavage of their C=N(OH) bond with formation of nitrogen oxides.
Topics: Amides; Animals; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Benzamidines; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Dexamethasone; Enzyme Induction; Free Radicals; Guanidines; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydroxylamines; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Methylcholanthrene; Microsomes, Liver; Nitrogen Oxides; Oxidation-Reduction; Oximes; Oxygen Isotopes; Phenobarbital; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Steroid 16-alpha-Hydroxylase; Steroid Hydroxylases; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
The possible importance of the cation-binding site for the oxidative modification of liver 5'-nucleotidase.
Topics: 5'-Nucleotidase; Animals; Binding Sites; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cations; Cells, Cultured; Free Radicals; Lipid Peroxidation; Liver; Male; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Verapamil; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
A melanin pigment purified from an epidemic strain of Burkholderia cepacia attenuates monocyte respiratory burst activity by scavenging superoxide anion.
Topics: Burkholderia cepacia; Burkholderia Infections; Disease Outbreaks; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; Lipopolysaccharides; Luminescent Measurements; Melanins; Monocytes; Respiratory Burst; Spectrophotometry; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Effects of EGb761 and superoxide dismutase in an experimental model of retinopathy generated by intravitreal production of superoxide anion radical.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antioxidants; Disease Models, Animal; Electroretinography; Flavonoids; Ginkgo biloba; Injections, Intramuscular; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Rabbits; Random Allocation; Retina; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative; Vitreous Body; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Effect of flupirtine on cell death of human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced by reactive oxygen species.
Topics: Aminopyridines; Calcium; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; DNA Fragmentation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelium, Vascular; Humans; Necrosis; Reactive Oxygen Species; Umbilical Veins; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Inhibition of oxidant-induced barrier disruption and protein tyrosine phosphorylation in Caco-2 cell monolayers by epidermal growth factor.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Caco-2 Cells; Electric Impedance; Epidermal Growth Factor; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Mannitol; Oxidants; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Transforming Growth Factor alpha; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Inhibition of xanthine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase by nitric oxide. Nitric oxide converts reduced xanthine-oxidizing enzymes into the desulfo-type inactive form.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Enzyme Inhibitors; Kinetics; Milk; Molybdenum; Nitric Oxide; Oxidation-Reduction; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Manganese scavenges superoxide and hydroxyl radicals: an in vitro study in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Chlorides; Hydroxyl Radical; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Manganese Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Presence of bleomycin-detectable free iron in the alveolar system of preterm infants.
Topics: Albumins; Bleomycin; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Ferritins; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Iron; Lactoferrin; Oxidation-Reduction; Pulmonary Alveoli; Reactive Oxygen Species; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn; Transferrin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Enhancement of myeloid cell growth by benzene metabolites via the production of active oxygen species.
Topics: Benzene; Benzoquinones; Catalase; Cell Cycle; Cell Division; DNA; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Flow Cytometry; HL-60 Cells; Humans; Hydroquinones; Oxygen; Reactive Oxygen Species; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Lycopene and beta-carotene protect against oxidative damage in HT29 cells at low concentrations but rapidly lose this capacity at higher doses.
Topics: Antioxidants; beta Carotene; Carotenoids; Cell Death; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cell Survival; DNA Damage; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethidium; HT29 Cells; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lycopene; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; Trypan Blue; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
The superoxide dismutase activity of desulfoferrodoxin from Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ATCC 27774.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Binding Sites; Cyanides; Desulfovibrio; Ferredoxins; Kinetics; Metalloproteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Protein Binding; Sequence Alignment; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Cytosolic Ca2+ movements of endothelial cells exposed to reactive oxygen intermediates: role of hydroxyl radical-mediated redox alteration of cell-membrane Ca2+ channels.
Topics: Animals; Aorta; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Cell Membrane; Cell Respiration; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic N-Oxides; Cytosol; Dithiothreitol; Endothelium, Vascular; Free Radical Scavengers; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Iron Chelating Agents; Nickel; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenanthrolines; Reactive Oxygen Species; Swine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Reactive oxygen species activate a Ca2+-dependent cell death pathway in the unicellular organism Trypanosoma brucei brucei.
Topics: Aequorin; Animals; Apoptosis; Calcimycin; Calcium; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cell Movement; Cell Nucleus; Cysteine Endopeptidases; Cytoplasm; DNA Fragmentation; Egtazic Acid; Genes, bcl-2; Homeostasis; Melitten; Mice; Mitochondria; Protease Inhibitors; Reactive Oxygen Species; Serine Endopeptidases; Trypanosoma brucei brucei; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Lucigenin is a mediator of cytochrome C reduction but not of superoxide production.
Topics: Acridines; Animals; Cattle; Cytochrome c Group; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Luminescent Measurements; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Formation of the aldehydic choline glycerophospholipids in human red blood cell membrane peroxidized with an azo initiator.
Topics: Aldehydes; Amidines; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Erythrocyte Membrane; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Free Radicals; Glycerophospholipids; Glycerylphosphorylcholine; Humans; Hydroxyl Radical; Iron; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipid Peroxides; Oxadiazoles; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Sulfonamides; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Attenuation of oxidant-induced lung injury by the synthetic matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor BB-3103.
Topics: Animals; Hydroxamic Acids; Kinetics; Lung; Male; Metalloendopeptidases; Oxidants; Protease Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Free radical-scavenging actions of olive oil phenolics.
Topics: Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Neutrophils; Olive Oil; Phenols; Plant Oils; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Vitamin E; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Effects of superoxide anion on intracellular Ca2+ concentration in rabbit pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Calcium; Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Cell Separation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Free Radicals; Male; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Pulmonary Artery; Rabbits; Superoxides; Thapsigargin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Modulation of monocyte chemokine production and nuclear factor kappa B activity by oxidants.
Topics: Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Chemokine CCL2; Humans; Interleukin-8; Monocytes; NF-kappa B; Oxidants; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reference Values; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Effect of reactive oxygen metabolites on endothelial permeability: role of nitric oxide and iron.
Topics: Animals; Capillary Permeability; Catalase; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Endothelium, Vascular; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hydrogen Peroxide; Iron; Kinetics; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitrogen Oxides; Reactive Oxygen Species; Spermine; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Effects of secretable SOD delivered by genetically modified cells on xanthine/xanthine oxidase and paraquat-induced cytotoxicity in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Base Sequence; Cell Line; Culture Media, Conditioned; DNA Primers; Humans; Oxidative Stress; Paraquat; Rats; Recombinant Proteins; Superoxide Dismutase; Transfection; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Effect of ischemia-reperfusion on xanthine oxidase activity in fetal rat brain capillaries.
Topics: Animals; Arteries; Brain; Capillaries; Constriction; Female; Fetus; Hypoxanthine; Ischemia; Ovary; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Uric Acid; Uterus; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Polynitroxyl alphaalpha-hemoglobin (PNH) inhibits peroxide and superoxide-mediated neutrophil adherence to human endothelial cells.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antioxidants; Blood Substitutes; Cell Adhesion; Cells, Cultured; Endothelium, Vascular; Hemoglobins; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Neutrophils; Nitrogen Oxides; Superoxides; Umbilical Veins; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Activity of the molybdopterin-containing xanthine dehydrogenase of Rhodobacter capsulatus can be restored by high molybdenum concentrations in a moeA mutant defective in molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Coenzymes; DNA Mutational Analysis; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Eukaryotic Cells; Guanine Nucleotides; Iron-Sulfur Proteins; Metalloproteins; Models, Biological; Molecular Sequence Data; Molybdenum; Molybdenum Cofactors; Mutagenesis, Insertional; Mutation; Nitrate Reductases; Organometallic Compounds; Oxidoreductases; Pteridines; Rhodobacter capsulatus; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Sulfurtransferases; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Evaluation of the antioxidant potential of natural products.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Bepridil; Biphenyl Compounds; Female; Free Radicals; HL-60 Cells; Humans; Mammary Glands, Animal; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Picrates; Reactive Oxygen Species; Skin; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1998 |
Participation of xanthine-xanthine oxidase system and neutrophils in development of acute gastric mucosal lesions in rats with a single treatment of compound 48/80, a mast cell degranulator.
Topics: Acute Disease; Allopurinol; Animals; Cell Degranulation; Gastric Mucosa; Immune Sera; Lipid Peroxides; Male; Mast Cells; Neutrophils; p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine; Peroxidase; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Regional Blood Flow; Serotonin; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Inhibition of DNA synthesis in Caco-2 cells by oxidative stress: amelioration by epidermal growth factor.
Topics: Caco-2 Cells; Chelating Agents; Deferoxamine; DNA; Drug Synergism; Epidermal Growth Factor; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Intestinal Mucosa; Oxidants; Oxidative Stress; Thymidine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
CNS-specific prostacyclin ligands as neuronal survival-promoting factors in the brain.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Central Nervous System; Epoprostenol; Female; Gerbillinae; Hippocampus; Hyperoxia; Ligands; Male; Neurons; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Epoprostenol; Receptors, Prostaglandin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Brain-derived neurotropic factor prevents superoxide anion-induced death of PC12h cells stably expressing TrkB receptor via modulation of reactive oxygen species.
Topics: Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Fluorescent Dyes; Kinetics; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Nerve Growth Factors; Neuroprotective Agents; PC12 Cells; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptor, trkB; Recombinant Proteins; Superoxides; Transfection; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of allopurinol in elderly and young subjects.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Allopurinol; Area Under Curve; Biological Availability; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drug Interactions; Female; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Male; Oxypurinol; Time Factors; Uric Acid; Xanthine | 1999 |
Increased superoxide anion formation in endothelial cells during hyperglycemia: an adaptive response or initial step of vascular dysfunction?
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Aorta; Arteries; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Diabetic Angiopathies; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Glucose; Hyperglycemia; Models, Cardiovascular; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Nitric Oxide; Signal Transduction; Superoxides; Swine; Uterus; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Superoxide anion impairs Ca(2+) mobilization in cultured human nasal epithelial cells.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Calcium; Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epithelial Cells; Humans; Nasal Cavity; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Thapsigargin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Role of neutrophils in xanthine/xanthine oxidase-induced oxidant injury in isolated rabbit lungs.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Capillary Permeability; Drug Combinations; Edema; In Vitro Techniques; Lung; Lung Diseases; Neutrophils; Oxidants; Peroxidase; Pulmonary Artery; Pulmonary Circulation; Rabbits; Vasoconstriction; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Effects of reactive oxygen and nitrogen metabolites on eotaxin-induced eosinophil chemotactic activity in vitro.
Topics: Binding Sites; Chemokine CCL11; Chemokines, CC; Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; Cytokines; Eosinophils; Humans; Hydrazines; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide; Nitrogen; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reducing Agents; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Effect of TEI-6720, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, on the nucleoside transport in the lung cancer cell line A549.
Topics: Allopurinol; Biological Transport; Carrier Proteins; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Inhibitors; Febuxostat; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Inosine; Lung Neoplasms; Membrane Proteins; Nucleoside Transport Proteins; Nucleosides; Pentosyltransferases; Purines; Pyrimidine Phosphorylases; Thiazoles; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Uracil; Uridine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) channels and Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase mediate H(2)O(2)- and superoxide-induced relaxations in canine trachealis.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle Tonus; Muscle, Smooth; Nifedipine; Ouabain; Potassium Channels; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Superoxides; Tetraethylammonium; Thiourea; Trachea; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
On the role of hydroxyl radical and the effect of tetrandrine on nuclear factor--kappaB activation by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.
Topics: Alkaloids; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antioxidants; Benzylisoquinolines; Carcinogens; DNA-Binding Proteins; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Jurkat Cells; NF-kappa B; Oxidants; Phosphorylation; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Effects of superoxide generating systems on muscle tone, cholinergic and NANC responses in cat airway.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Cholinergic Fibers; Ditiocarb; Electrophysiology; Female; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle Tonus; Muscle, Smooth; Pyrogallol; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Trachea; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Reduction-oxidation (redox) state regulation of matrix metalloproteinase activity in human fetal membranes.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Cesarean Section; Culture Media, Conditioned; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extraembryonic Membranes; Female; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Lipopolysaccharides; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitroarginine; Oxidation-Reduction; Penicillamine; Pregnancy; Reactive Oxygen Species; S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide catalyzed by xanthine oxidoreductase.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Animals; Biphenyl Compounds; Catalytic Domain; Cattle; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Flavoproteins; Kinetics; Metalloproteins; Milk; Molybdenum; NAD; Nitric Oxide; Nitrites; Onium Compounds; Oxidation-Reduction; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Pitfalls of using lucigenin in endothelial cells: implications for NAD(P)H dependent superoxide formation.
Topics: Acridines; Arsenicals; Cells, Cultured; Cytochrome c Group; Imidazoles; Luminescent Measurements; NAD; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; NADP; NADPH Oxidases; Neutrophils; Onium Compounds; Pyrazines; Superoxides; Umbilical Veins; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Reactive oxygen species requirements for bovine sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction.
Topics: Acrosome Reaction; Animals; Catalase; Cattle; Cryopreservation; Culture Media; Heparin; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; Reactive Oxygen Species; Semen Preservation; Sperm Capacitation; Spermatozoa; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
A comparative study on the hypouricemic activity and potency in renal xanthine calculus formation of two xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitors: TEI-6720 and allopurinol in rats.
Topics: Allantoin; Allopurinol; Animals; Enzyme Inhibitors; Febuxostat; Kidney Calculi; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thiazoles; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1999 |
Modification of oxidative stress in response to intestinal preconditioning.
Topics: Animals; Glutathione; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Ischemic Preconditioning; Lipid Peroxides; Male; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reference Values; Reperfusion; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
N-Hydroxyguanidine compound 1-(3,4-dimethoxy- 2-chlorobenzylideneamino)-3-hydroxyguanidine inhibits the xanthine oxidase mediated generation of superoxide radical.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Cattle; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Guanidines; Hydroxylamines; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Kinetics; Milk; Models, Chemical; Molybdenum; NAD; Onium Compounds; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Reperfusion Injury; Superoxides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Reactive oxygen species enhances endothelin-1 production of diabetic rat glomeruli in vitro and in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Deferoxamine; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Endothelin-1; Free Radical Scavengers; Glucose; In Vitro Techniques; Insulin; Kidney Glomerulus; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA, Messenger; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Detection of superoxide anion using an isotopically labeled nitrone spin trap: potential biological applications.
Topics: Calmodulin; Citrulline; Cyclic N-Oxides; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Half-Life; Hydroxyl Radical; Kinetics; NADP; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitrogen Isotopes; Nitrogen Oxides; Reperfusion Injury; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spin Labels; Spin Trapping; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Albumin permeability across endothelial cell monolayer exposed to reactive oxygen intermediates: involvement of reversible functional alteration of the cell membrane Ca2+ channels.
Topics: Albumins; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Catalase; Cell Membrane; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cells, Cultured; Chelating Agents; Cytosol; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Dithiothreitol; Egtazic Acid; Endothelium, Vascular; Free Radical Scavengers; Glutathione; Nickel; Phenanthrolines; Pulmonary Artery; Swine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Preconditioning-induced neuroprotection is mediated by reactive oxygen species.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; Ferrous Compounds; Free Radical Scavengers; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Preconditioning; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Staurosporine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Induction of chromosomal aberrations and growth-transformation of lymphoblastoid cell lines by inhibition of reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis with interleukin-6.
Topics: Apoptosis; Cell Line; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Chromosome Aberrations; Humans; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-6; Lymphocytes; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Superoxide regulation of endothelin-converting enzyme.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Endothelin-1; Endothelin-Converting Enzymes; Endothelium, Vascular; Hydrogen Peroxide; Metalloendopeptidases; Nitric Oxide; Reactive Oxygen Species; Signal Transduction; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Zinc | 2000 |
Cytomegalovirus gene regulation by reactive oxygen species. Agents in atherosclerosis.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Base Sequence; Cytomegalovirus; DNA Primers; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Immediate-Early Proteins; NF-kappa B; Reactive Oxygen Species; Viral Proteins; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
A one-step synthesis of 2-(2-Pyridyl)-3H-indol-3-one N-oxide: is it an efficient spin trap for hydroxyl radical?
Topics: Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Hydroxyl Radical; Indicators and Reagents; Indoles; Molecular Structure; Pyridines; Spin Labels; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Free radicals upregulate complement expression in rabbit isolated heart.
Topics: Animals; Complement C1q; Complement C3; Complement C8; Complement C9; Complement System Proteins; Free Radicals; Gene Expression Regulation; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Myocardium; Rabbits; Receptors, Complement; Transcription, Genetic; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Polymorphism of the glutathione transferase subunit 3 in Sprague-Dawley rats involves a reactive cysteine residue.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, Agarose; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cloning, Molecular; Cysteine; Dithiothreitol; DNA, Complementary; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Ethylmaleimide; Glutathione; Glutathione Transferase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Immunoblotting; Liver; Male; Oxidative Stress; Polymorphism, Genetic; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sequence Analysis, Protein; Species Specificity; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Substrate Specificity; Time Factors; Trypsin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Reductions of nitro and 9-Oxo groups of environmental nitrofluorenes by the rat mammary gland in vitro.
Topics: Air Pollutants; Allopurinol; Animals; Breast; Cytosol; Dicumarol; Female; Fluorenes; Hypoxanthine; Indomethacin; Microsomes; Niacinamide; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Pyrazoles; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rutin; Vitamin K; Xanthine | 2000 |
Improved method for EPR detection of DEPMPO-superoxide radicals by liquid nitrogen freezing.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cyclic N-Oxides; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Freezing; Half-Life; Kinetics; Nitrogen; Solutions; Spin Labels; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Effects of free radicals on cytosolic creatine kinase activities and protection by antioxidant enzymes and sulfhydryl compounds.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Animals; Antioxidants; Blood Glucose; Brain; Catalase; Creatine Kinase; Cytosol; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Dithiothreitol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Heart; Hydrogen Peroxide; Insulin; Muscle, Skeletal; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Formation of propentdyopents and biliverdin, oxidized metabolites of bilirubin, in infants receiving oxygen therapy.
Topics: Bilirubin; Biliverdine; Female; Humans; Hyperbilirubinemia; Infant, Newborn; Male; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Oxidative injury of isolated cardiomyocytes: dependence on free radical species.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Fatty Acids; Free Radicals; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Lipid Peroxidation; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Myocardium; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Effect of a prolonged superoxide flux on transferrin and ferritin.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Ferritins; In Vitro Techniques; Iron; Iron Chelating Agents; Oxidative Stress; Superoxides; Transferrin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Free radical production and changes in superoxide dismutases associated with hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis of embryonic rat forebrain neurons in culture.
Topics: Aerobiosis; Animals; Apoptosis; Caspase Inhibitors; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Embryo, Mammalian; Free Radicals; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oligopeptides; Prosencephalon; Rats; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Vitamin E; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Oxidative stress regulates collagen synthesis and matrix metalloproteinase activity in cardiac fibroblasts.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cardiomyopathies; Cells, Cultured; Collagen; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Ditiocarb; Fibroblasts; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Heart; Hydrogen Peroxide; Matrix Metalloproteinases; Mice; Myocardium; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Induction of cell death in arabidopsis by superoxide in combination with salicylic acid or with protein synthesis inhibitors.
Topics: Apoptosis; Arabidopsis; Cycloheximide; Enzyme Activation; NADPH Oxidases; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Salicylic Acid; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Purification of human ceruloplasmin as a by-product of C1-inhibitor.
Topics: Antioxidants; Ceruloplasmin; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins; Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Filtration; Humans; Immunoelectrophoresis; Reactive Oxygen Species; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Comparison of control of Listeria by nitric oxide redox chemistry from murine macrophages and NO donors: insights into listeriocidal activity of oxidative and nitrosative stress.
Topics: 2-Naphthylamine; Animals; Cell Line; Hydrazines; Interferon-gamma; Lipopolysaccharides; Listeria monocytogenes; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Nitrites; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Comparison between xanthine oxidases from buttermilk and microorganisms regarding their ability to generate reactive oxygen species.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinetics; Milk; Oxygen; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Suppressive effects of citrus fruits on free radical generation and nobiletin, an anti-inflammatory polymethoxyflavonoid.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticarcinogenic Agents; Cell Line; Citrus; Flavones; Flavonoids; Free Radicals; HL-60 Cells; Humans; Interferon-gamma; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neoplasms; Nitric Oxide; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2000 |
Rat ventral prostate xanthine oxidase bioactivation of ethanol to acetaldehyde and 1-hydroxyethyl free radicals: analysis of its potential role in heavy alcohol drinking tumor-promoting effects.
Topics: Acetaldehyde; Alcohol Drinking; Allopurinol; Animals; Antimetabolites; Caffeine; Carcinogens; Chromatography, Gas; Cytosol; Diet; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ethanol; Free Radicals; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hypoxanthine; Male; Meat; NAD; Neoplasms; Niacinamide; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Purines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spin Trapping; Temperature; Theobromine; Theophylline; Time Factors; Vasodilator Agents; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Insight into the chemistry of flavin reduction and oxidation in Escherichia coli dihydroorotate dehydrogenase obtained by rapid reaction studies.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Binding Sites; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Escherichia coli; Ferricyanides; Flavin Mononucleotide; Flavins; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Models, Chemical; Orotic Acid; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Oxygen; Potentiometry; Reducing Agents; Spectrophotometry; Substrate Specificity; Vitamin K; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Effect of reactive oxygen species on fetal lung maturation.
Topics: Animals; Female; Fetal Organ Maturity; Gestational Age; Lung; Pregnancy; Proteolipids; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins; Pulmonary Surfactants; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Effect of hypoxia, oxidative stress and lipopolysaccharides on the release of prostaglandins and cytokines from human term placental explants.
Topics: Adult; Cell Hypoxia; Chorionic Villi; Culture Techniques; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Cytokines; Drug Interactions; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Humans; Hypoxia; Indomethacin; Lipopolysaccharides; Nitrobenzenes; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen; Pregnancy; Prostaglandins; Sulfonamides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Tautomeric energetics of xanthine oxidase substrates: xanthine, 2-oxo-6-methylpurine, and lumazine.
Topics: Catalysis; Energy Metabolism; In Vitro Techniques; Isomerism; Pteridines; Purines; Quantum Theory; Substrate Specificity; Thermodynamics; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Photoreactivation of alloxanthine-inhibited xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Allopurinol; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Enzyme Activation; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Kinetics; Models, Biological; Molecular Structure; Molybdenum; Oxypurinol; Photochemistry; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Identification of a new point mutation in the human xanthine dehydrogenase gene responsible for a case of classical type I xanthinuria.
Topics: Allopurinol; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Male; Middle Aged; Oxypurinol; Point Mutation; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase | 2001 |
Reduction of organic nitrates catalysed by xanthine oxidoreductase under anaerobic conditions.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Animals; Catalysis; Cattle; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Molybdenum; Nitrates; Nitrites; Oxidation-Reduction; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Effects of reactive oxygen species on aspects of excitation-contraction coupling in chemically skinned rabbit diaphragm muscle fibres.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Detergents; Diaphragm; Histological Techniques; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hypochlorous Acid; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; Octoxynol; Oxidants; Permeability; Pyrogallol; Rabbits; Reactive Oxygen Species; Saponins; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
The effect of allopurinol on focal cerebral ischaemia: an experimental study in rabbits.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Glucose; Brain Ischemia; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Free Radical Scavengers; Hematocrit; Hemoglobins; Hypoxanthine; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Rabbits; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Oxidative stress modulates osteoblastic differentiation of vascular and bone cells.
Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Bone Marrow Cells; Calcium; Cattle; Cell Differentiation; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Formazans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lipoproteins, LDL; Mice; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Osteoblasts; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxides; Tetrazolium Salts; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Superoxide-induced nitric oxide release from cultured glial cells.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Benzoates; Extracellular Space; Free Radical Scavengers; Gene Expression Regulation; Genetic Vectors; Imidazoles; Metalloporphyrins; Nerve Degeneration; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Oxidative Stress; Rats; RNA, Messenger; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Superoxides; Transfection; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Suicide inactivation of xanthine oxidoreductase during reduction of inorganic nitrite to nitric oxide.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Cattle; Kinetics; Models, Chemical; Molybdenum; Nitric Oxide; Nitrites; Oxidation-Reduction; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Preconditioning-induced neuroprotection is mediated by reactive oxygen species and activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Astrocytes; Cells, Cultured; Cycloheximide; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ferrous Compounds; Hippocampus; Immunoblotting; Immunohistochemistry; Neurons; NF-kappa B; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Reactive Oxygen Species; Staurosporine; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Redox-activated, hypoxia-selective DNA cleavage by quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide.
Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; DNA; DNA Damage; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Hydrolysis; Hypoxia; Oxidation-Reduction; Plasmids; Quinoxalines; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Inhibitory effects of methylxanthines on the pre-eclamptic-like symptoms in ewes.
Topics: Albumins; Allopurinol; Animals; Bilirubin; Blood Pressure; Fasting; Female; Heme; Hypertension; Hypoxanthine; Kidney; Liver; Pentoxifylline; Platelet Count; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular; Pregnancy Outcome; Sheep; Uric Acid; Xanthine | 2001 |
Effects of flavonols on the generation of superoxide anion radicals by xanthine oxidase and stimulated neutrophils.
Topics: Cytochrome c Group; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Firefly Luciferin; Flavonoids; Flavonols; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Isoenzymes; Luminescent Measurements; N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; Neutrophils; Oxidation-Reduction; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; Respiratory Burst; Superoxides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Xanthine oxidase catalyzes the synthesis of retinoic acid.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Milk; Molecular Conformation; NAD; Oxygen; Retinaldehyde; Tretinoin; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Oxidative stress enhances the production and actions of adenosine in the kidney.
Topics: 5'-Nucleotidase; Adenosine; Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Catalase; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cyclic N-Oxides; Dimerization; Ditiocarb; Kidney; Kinetics; Male; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Renal Artery; Spin Labels; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Thioredoxins; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Interaction of lidocaine with reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.
Topics: Acridines; Anesthetics, Local; Cell-Free System; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ferrous Compounds; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hypochlorous Acid; Leukocytes; Lidocaine; Luminescent Measurements; Luminol; N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; Oxidants; Peroxynitrous Acid; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Characteristics and superoxide-induced activation of reconstituted myocardial mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Benzamides; Cattle; Decanoic Acids; Diazoxide; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylmaleimide; Glyburide; Guanosine Triphosphate; Hydroxy Acids; Ion Channel Gating; Lipid Bilayers; Membrane Potentials; Mitochondria, Heart; Myocardium; Potassium; Potassium Channels; Subcellular Fractions; Sulfhydryl Reagents; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Effects of Tamm-Horsfall protein and albumin on the inhibition of free radicals.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Albumins; Calcium Oxalate; Crystallization; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Free Radicals; Humans; Male; Mucoproteins; Urinary Calculi; Uromodulin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Reactive oxygen species alter gene expression in podocytes: induction of granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Free Radical Scavengers; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Regulation; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; Interleukin-1; Kidney; Lipopolysaccharides; Mice; NF-kappa B; Pyrrolidines; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA, Messenger; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Thiocarbamates; Thiourea; Time Factors; Transcription, Genetic; Up-Regulation; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Potentiation of hippocampal synaptic transmission by superoxide requires the oxidative activation of protein kinase C.
Topics: Animals; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Neuronal Plasticity; Oxidation-Reduction; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Superoxides; Synaptic Transmission; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Expression of Drosophila melanogaster xanthine dehydrogenase in Aspergillus nidulans and some properties of the recombinant enzyme.
Topics: Animals; Aspergillus nidulans; Cloning, Molecular; DNA, Complementary; Drosophila melanogaster; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Oxidation-Reduction; Recombinant Proteins; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Marked variation in free radical injury between bovine and porcine endothelial cells cultured in different media.
Topics: Animals; Aorta; Brain; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media; Endothelium, Vascular; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Microcirculation; Organ Specificity; Species Specificity; Swine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2001 |
Enterococcus faecalis produces extracellular superoxide and hydrogen peroxide that damages colonic epithelial cell DNA.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Cells, Cultured; CHO Cells; Colon; Comet Assay; Cricetinae; DNA Damage; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Enterococcus faecalis; Epithelial Cells; Hydrogen Peroxide; Ileum; Rats; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Biochemical assay of superoxide dismutase activity in Drosophila.
Topics: Animals; Drosophila; Indicators and Reagents; Methods; Nitroblue Tetrazolium; Oxidation-Reduction; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Superoxide modification and inactivation of a neuronal receptor-like complex.
Topics: Animals; Cysteine; Ethylmaleimide; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Proteins; N-Methylaspartate; Point Mutation; Protein Binding; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Superoxides; Synaptic Membranes; Tritium; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Reactive oxygen species inhibit the succinate oxidation-supported generation of membrane potential in wheat mitochondria.
Topics: Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Mersalyl; Mitochondria; Models, Biological; NAD; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; Succinates; Succinic Acid; Triticum; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Production of interleukin-6 by skeletal myotubes: role of reactive oxygen species.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Ditiocarb; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hydrogen Peroxide; Interleukin-6; Mice; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Muscle, Skeletal; NF-kappa B; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Pyrogallol; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA, Messenger; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Ischemic preconditioning: a defense mechanism against the reactive oxygen species generated after hepatic ischemia reperfusion.
Topics: Animals; Glutathione; Ischemia; Ischemic Preconditioning; Liver; Male; Malondialdehyde; Neutrophils; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reperfusion; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Prevention of cellular ROS damage by isovitexin and related flavonoids.
Topics: Apigenin; Cadmium; DNA Damage; Flavonoids; HL-60 Cells; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Oryza; Oxidative Stress; Plant Extracts; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Effect of reactive oxygen species on NH4+ permeation in Xenopus laevis oocytes.
Topics: Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Cations; Free Radical Scavengers; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Intracellular Fluid; Ion-Selective Electrodes; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Oocytes; Oxidants; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Permeability; Photochemistry; Reactive Oxygen Species; Rose Bengal; tert-Butylhydroperoxide; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xenopus laevis | 2002 |
Identification of a novel redox-sensitive gene, Id3, which mediates angiotensin II-induced cell growth.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Blotting, Western; Cell Cycle Proteins; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; Cyclins; DNA-Binding Proteins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gene Expression Profiling; Helix-Loop-Helix Motifs; Inhibitor of Differentiation Proteins; Male; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Neoplasm Proteins; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Phosphorylation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retinoblastoma Protein; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Superoxides; Transcription Factors; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Tumor Suppressor Proteins; Up-Regulation; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Reductive activation of terpenylnaphthoquinones.
Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Cytochrome c Group; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Horses; Kinetics; Naphthoquinones; Oxidation-Reduction; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Terpenes; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Superoxide anion impairs contractility in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Calcium; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Collagen; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gels; Imidazoles; Intracellular Fluid; Ionophores; Luminescent Measurements; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Potassium; Pyrazines; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Vasoconstriction; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
An in vitro hydroxyl radical generation assay for microdialysis sampling calibration.
Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Calibration; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Hydroxybenzoates; Hydroxyl Radical; Hypoxanthine; Microdialysis; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Redox properties of vanillyl-alcohol oxidase.
Topics: Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Electrochemistry; Flavins; Models, Molecular; Oxidation-Reduction; Protein Conformation; Spectrophotometry; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Redox-sensitive vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation is mediated by GKLF and Id3 in vitro and in vivo.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Carotid Stenosis; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; DNA-Binding Proteins; Growth Inhibitors; Inhibitor of Differentiation Proteins; Kruppel-Like Factor 4; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Neoplasm Proteins; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA, Messenger; Second Messenger Systems; Transcription Factors; Transcription, Genetic; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Tyrosine phosphorylation and dissociation of occludin-ZO-1 and E-cadherin-beta-catenin complexes from the cytoskeleton by oxidative stress.
Topics: beta Catenin; Caco-2 Cells; Cadherins; Cell Membrane; Cytoskeletal Proteins; Cytoskeleton; Enzyme Inhibitors; Genistein; Humans; Intercellular Junctions; Membrane Proteins; Occludin; Oxidative Stress; Phosphoproteins; Phosphorylation; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Trans-Activators; Tyrosine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Zonula Occludens-1 Protein | 2002 |
Focusing of nitric oxide mediated nitrosation and oxidative nitrosylation as a consequence of reaction with superoxide.
Topics: Fluorescent Dyes; Hypoxanthine; Kinetics; Myoglobin; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide; Oxidation-Reduction; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Activation of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels confers protection against rotenone-induced cell death: therapeutic implications for Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Cell Death; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electron Transport Complex I; Ferrous Compounds; Glyburide; Ischemic Preconditioning; Mitochondria; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Neurons; Parkinson Disease; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; PC12 Cells; Pinacidil; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Rats; Rotenone; Uncoupling Agents; Vasodilator Agents; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Effect of BCL-2 down-regulation on cellular life span.
Topics: Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Cells, Cultured; Cellular Senescence; Down-Regulation; Fibroblasts; Humans; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Reactive Oxygen Species; Telomere; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
2-styrylchromones as novel inhibitors of xanthine oxidase. A structure-activity study.
Topics: Animals; Chromones; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Kinetics; Milk; Structure-Activity Relationship; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Scavenging property of three cresol isomers against H2O2, hypochlorite, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals.
Topics: Acridines; Cresols; DNA Damage; Drug Interactions; Free Radical Scavengers; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Hypochlorous Acid; Isomerism; Luminescent Measurements; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Perivascular superoxide anion contributes to impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation: role of gp91(phox).
Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Aorta, Abdominal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelium, Vascular; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; NADPH Oxidase 2; NADPH Oxidases; Nitric Oxide; Oxidants; Oxygen; Oxyhemoglobins; Perfusion; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Vasodilation; Vasodilator Agents; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
The effect of transient intestinal ischemia on inflammatory parameters.
Topics: Aged; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Biomarkers; Colitis, Ischemic; Cytokines; Eicosanoids; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Inflammation Mediators; Intestinal Mucosa; Italy; Leukocyte Count; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Phagocytosis; Reperfusion; Surgical Instruments; von Willebrand Factor; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
The reaction mechanism of xanthine oxidase: evidence for two-electron chemistry rather than sequential one-electron steps.
Topics: Electrons; Hydroxylation; Kinetics; Oxidation-Reduction; Purines; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Comparison of the antioxidant activities of extra virgin olive oils.
Topics: Antioxidants; Benzoquinones; Biphenyl Compounds; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Naphthoquinones; Olive Oil; Phenols; Picrates; Plant Oils; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Paradoxical augmentation of bradykinin-induced vasodilatation by xanthine/xanthine oxidase-derived free radicals in isolated guinea pig heart.
Topics: Angiotensin I; Angiotensin II; Animals; Bradykinin; Coronary Circulation; Female; Free Radicals; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Vasoconstriction; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Vasodilation; Vasodilator Agents; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Characterization of the magnitude and kinetics of xanthine oxidase-catalyzed nitrate reduction: evaluation of its role in nitrite and nitric oxide generation in anoxic tissues.
Topics: Animals; Catalysis; Electrochemistry; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Hypoxia; Kinetics; Luminescent Measurements; Male; Myocardium; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide; Nitrites; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Isotopes; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spin Trapping; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Antioxidant properties of aged garlic extract: an in vitro study incorporating human low density lipoprotein.
Topics: Antioxidants; Copper; Cytochrome c Group; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; Garlic; Humans; Immunoblotting; In Vitro Techniques; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipoproteins, LDL; Lipoxygenase; Oxidation-Reduction; Plant Extracts; Superoxides; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Superoxide anions induce the maturation of human dendritic cells.
Topics: Cells, Cultured; Dendritic Cells; Humans; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase overexpression decreases endothelial cell oxidant stress and increases bioavailable nitric oxide.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Biological Availability; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic GMP; Endothelium, Vascular; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glutathione; NADP; Nitric Oxide; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Metalloproteinase 2 activity and modulation in uterus from neonatal streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats during embryo implantation.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Embryo Implantation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Oxidative Stress; Pregnancy; Pregnancy in Diabetics; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Uterus; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Sequential inactivation of reactive oxygen species by combined overexpression of SOD isoforms and catalase in insulin-producing cells.
Topics: Animals; Antifibrinolytic Agents; Catalase; Free Radical Scavengers; Gene Expression; Glutathione Peroxidase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Oxidants; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Transfection; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Up-Regulation; Vitamin K 3; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Dextromethorphan protects dopaminergic neurons against inflammation-mediated degeneration through inhibition of microglial activation.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Dextromethorphan; Drug Interactions; Inflammation; Lipopolysaccharides; Microglia; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Receptors, Dopamine; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Evaluation of the inhibiting effects from exposure to microwaves on the respiratory activity of yeast cells or on enzyme activity.
Topics: Animals; Biosensing Techniques; Cattle; Glucose Oxidase; Microwaves; Mitochondria; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Decrease in the total antioxidant activity of saliva in patients with periodontal diseases.
Topics: Adult; Albumins; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Electrolysis; Female; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neutrophil Activation; Periodontal Diseases; Saliva; Salivary Proteins and Peptides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Superoxide reacts with hydroethidine but forms a fluorescent product that is distinctly different from ethidium: potential implications in intracellular fluorescence detection of superoxide.
Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; DNA; Ethidium; Fluorescence; Fluorescent Dyes; Hydrazines; Mass Spectrometry; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; Nitrogen Oxides; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenanthridines; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Dextran sulfate protects porcine but not bovine cultured endothelial cells from free radical injury.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Dextran Sulfate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelium, Vascular; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Species Specificity; Swine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Oxidative damage to mouse lens in culture. Protective effect of pyruvate.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Antioxidants; Catalase; Culture Techniques; Glutathione; Humans; Lens, Crystalline; Malondialdehyde; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Peroxides; Pyruvic Acid; Reactive Oxygen Species; Rubidium; Urate Oxidase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Reduction of mercuric ion in vitro by superoxide anion.
Topics: Ethylenediamines; Ions; Mercury; Methylphenazonium Methosulfate; Multienzyme Complexes; NAD; Nitroblue Tetrazolium; Oxidation-Reduction; Reproducibility of Results; Riboflavin; Sensitivity and Specificity; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2002 |
Reactive oxygen species mediate endotoxin-induced human dermal endothelial NF-kappaB activation.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Cell Line, Transformed; Cell Nucleus; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; Endothelium, Vascular; Ferrous Compounds; Fluoresceins; Fluorescent Dyes; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lipopolysaccharides; Microscopy, Confocal; NF-kappa B; Reactive Oxygen Species; Skin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Diethyldithiocarbamate inhibits the catalytic activity of xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Aminoquinolines; Animals; Aorta; Catalysis; Culture Techniques; Ditiocarb; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epinephrine; Guanylate Cyclase; Male; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
On the mechanism of inhibition of xanthine oxidase by the substrate xanthine.
Topics: Oxidoreductases; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1955 |
Steps in the oxidation of xanthine to uric acid catalysed by milk xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Animals; Catalysis; Milk; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1959 |
Esters of 5-carboxyl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide: a family of spin traps for superoxide.
Topics: Binding, Competitive; Cyclic N-Oxides; Cytochromes c; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Esters; Half-Life; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Pyrroles; Spin Labels; Spin Trapping; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Reactive oxygen species promote tyrosine phosphorylation and capacitation in equine spermatozoa.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Western; Catalase; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Horses; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; NADP; Phosphorylation; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sperm Capacitation; Spermatozoa; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Tyrosine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Mechanism of dilation to reactive oxygen species in human coronary arterioles.
Topics: Arterioles; Coronary Vessels; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Reactive Oxygen Species; Signal Transduction; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Vasodilation; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Paradoxical actions of hydrogen peroxide on long-term potentiation in transgenic superoxide dismutase-1 mice.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Antioxidants; Calcineurin; Electric Stimulation; Hippocampus; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neuronal Plasticity; Oxidants; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Tacrolimus; Theta Rhythm; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
A calcium channel blocker activates both ecto-5(')-nucleotidase and NO synthase in HUVEC.
Topics: Amlodipine; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cells, Cultured; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelium, Vascular; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Phosphorylation; Time Factors; Umbilical Veins; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species exert opposing effects on the stability of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) in explants of human pial arteries.
Topics: Arteries; Enzyme Stability; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; Models, Biological; Molsidomine; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitroprusside; Nitroso Compounds; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA, Messenger; S-Nitrosoglutathione; Signal Transduction; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Transcription Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Direct vascular effects of HR780, a novel 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor.
Topics: Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Cell Division; Cell Movement; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelial Cells; Fetal Blood; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Mevalonic Acid; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Pravastatin; Probucol; Pyridines; Rabbits; Simvastatin; Swine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Oxidative coupling of epigallocatechin gallate amplifies antioxidant activity and inhibits xanthine oxidase activity.
Topics: Antioxidants; Catechin; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Molecular Structure; Oxidation-Reduction; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Xanthine oxidase converts nitric oxide to nitroxyl that inactivates the enzyme.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hemoglobins; Molsidomine; Nitric Oxide; Nitrites; Nitrogen Oxides; Oxygen; Peroxynitrous Acid; Protein Binding; Reactive Nitrogen Species; Spermine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Hyperbaric oxygen treatment: the influence on the hippocampal superoxide dismutase and Na+,K+-ATPase activities in global cerebral ischemia-exposed rats.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Hippocampus; Hyperbaric Oxygenation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Characterization of xanthine oxidase inhibition by anacardic acids.
Topics: Anacardic Acids; Binding Sites; Enzyme Inhibitors; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Kinetics; Salicylates; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Microximetry: simultaneous determination of oxygen consumption and free radical production using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Topics: Animals; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radicals; Humans; Indoles; Molecular Probes; Organometallic Compounds; Oxygen; Oxygen Consumption; Pyrroles; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Reactive oxygen species induce different cell death mechanisms in cultured neurons.
Topics: Animals; Biological Assay; Calcium; Caspases; Catalase; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cerebellum; Ionomycin; Neurons; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiazoles; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Protective effects of exogenous fructose-1,6-biphosphate during small bowel transplantation in rats.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Allopurinol; Animals; Bacterial Translocation; Cryopreservation; Cytoprotection; Fructosediphosphates; Glutathione; Hypoxanthine; Insulin; Intestine, Small; Intestines; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Organ Preservation Solutions; Oxidative Stress; Raffinose; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Uric Acid; Xanthine | 2004 |
Comparison of inhibitory effects of oxygen radicals and calf serum protein on surfactant activity.
Topics: Adsorption; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Blood Proteins; Cattle; Free Radical Scavengers; Lipid Peroxidation; Organic Chemicals; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein B; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein C; Reactive Oxygen Species; Surface Properties; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Correlation between functional and structural changes of reduced and oxidized trout hemoglobins I and IV at different pHs. A circular dichroism study.
Topics: Acridines; Animals; Circular Dichroism; Ferrous Compounds; Guaiacol; Hemoglobins; Hemoglobins, Abnormal; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Luminescent Measurements; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Oxidation-Reduction; Peroxidase; Protein Conformation; Statistics as Topic; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Xanthine oxidase activates pro-matrix metalloproteinase-2 in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells through non-free radical mechanisms.
Topics: Animals; Aorta; Aprotinin; Catalase; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media, Serum-Free; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Precursors; Free Radicals; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Protease Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Studies on the mechanism of action of xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Animals; Catalytic Domain; Cattle; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Electron Transport; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Conformation; Substrate Specificity; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Reductive activation and thiol reactivity of benzazolo[3,2-a]quinolinium salts.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Kinetics; NADH Dehydrogenase; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen Consumption; Protein Binding; Quinolinium Compounds; Reducing Agents; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
The mechanism of inhibition by xanthine of adenosine A1-receptor responses in rat hippocampus.
Topics: Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Pyrazoles; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Adenosine A1; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Increase of uricogenesis in the kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus reared under hyper-osmotic conditions.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Epidermis; Gills; Hepatopancreas; Hypoxanthine; Osmosis; Penaeidae; Sodium Chloride; Urate Oxidase; Urea; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Intestinal ischemic preconditioning: less xanthine accumulation relates with less apoptosis.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Apoptosis; Caspases; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hypoxanthines; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Small; Ischemic Preconditioning; Male; Malondialdehyde; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
[Xanthinuria with xanthine lithiasis in a patient with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome under allopurinol therapy].
Topics: Allopurinol; Child; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Monitoring; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Kidney Calculi; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Male; Uric Acid; Xanthine | 2004 |
Protective effect of heat shock protein 70 against oxidative stresses in human corneal fibroblasts.
Topics: Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cornea; DNA Damage; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fibroblasts; Hot Temperature; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Neutrophil NADPH oxidase is reduced at the Anaplasma phagocytophilum phagosome.
Topics: Anaplasma phagocytophilum; Cytochromes c; HL-60 Cells; Humans; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Microscopy, Electron; NADPH Dehydrogenase; NADPH Oxidase 2; NADPH Oxidases; Neutrophils; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen Consumption; Phagosomes; Phosphoproteins; Respiratory Burst; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Urinary excretion of purine derivatives as an index of microbial protein synthesis in the camel (Camelus dromedarius).
Topics: Allantoin; Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Camelus; Diet; Duodenum; Fasting; Female; Hypoxanthine; Purines; Rumen; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Role of oxidative stress in ischemia-reperfusion-induced changes in Na+,K(+)-ATPase isoform expression in rat heart.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Catalase; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Isoenzymes; Male; Myocardium; Oxidants; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Sarcolemma; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide during ischemia protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion damage.
Topics: Animals; Cardiotonic Agents; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Male; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Myocardium; Nitric Oxide; Nitrites; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Effects of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species on cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 activities.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Female; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Male; Nitric Oxide; Peroxynitrous Acid; Placenta; Pregnancy; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Reactive Nitrogen Species; Reactive Oxygen Species; Seminal Vesicles; Sheep; Superoxides; Triazenes; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Synergistic production of lung free radicals by diesel exhaust particles and endotoxin.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Deferoxamine; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Synergism; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Endotoxins; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Gadolinium; Iron Chelating Agents; Lipopolysaccharides; Lung; Lung Diseases; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Up-Regulation; Vehicle Emissions; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
Calcein-AM is a detector of intracellular oxidative activity.
Topics: Cell-Free System; Cells, Cultured; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fibroblasts; Fluoresceins; Fluorescent Dyes; Fluorometry; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Microscopy, Confocal; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2004 |
Xanthine oxidase catalyzes anaerobic transformation of organic nitrates to nitric oxide and nitrosothiols: characterization of this mechanism and the link between organic nitrate and guanylyl cyclase activation.
Topics: Anions; Benzaldehydes; Binding Sites; Biotransformation; Catechols; Electrochemistry; Electrodes; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Enzyme Activation; Flavins; Glutathione Transferase; Guanylate Cyclase; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Immunoassay; Kinetics; Models, Chemical; Myocardial Ischemia; NAD; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide; Nitrites; Protein Binding; S-Nitrosothiols; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
NAD(P)H oxidase inhibition attenuates neuronal chronotropic actions of angiotensin II.
Topics: Action Potentials; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain Stem; Calcium Signaling; Catalase; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic N-Oxides; Delayed Rectifier Potassium Channels; Drinking Behavior; Glycoproteins; Heart Rate; Hypothalamus; Imidazoles; Injections, Intraventricular; Ion Channel Gating; Losartan; Male; NADPH Oxidases; Neurons; Polyethylene Glycols; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Reactive Oxygen Species; Spin Labels; Telemetry; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
Effects of edaravone on human neutrophil function.
Topics: Antipyrine; Calcium; Chemotaxis; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edaravone; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; In Vitro Techniques; Neutrophils; Phagocytosis; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reference Values; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
An increase of uricogenesis in the Kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus under nitrite stress.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Enzyme Activation; Gills; Hepatopancreas; Hypoxanthine; Nitrites; Penaeidae; Taiwan; Urate Oxidase; Urea; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
Spectrophotometric and fluorometric assay of superoxide ion using 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole.
Topics: 4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan; Animals; Fluorometry; Rabbits; Reproducibility of Results; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrophotometry; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
Oxidative stress stimulates proliferation and invasiveness of hepatic stellate cells via a MMP2-mediated mechanism.
Topics: Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Hepatocytes; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; Matrix Metalloproteinases, Membrane-Associated; Metalloendopeptidases; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; Oxidative Stress; Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
Assessment of the antioxidant activities of Brazilian extracts of propolis alone and in topical pharmaceutical formulations.
Topics: Antioxidants; Area Under Curve; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Culture Media; Deoxyribose; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Industry; Ethanol; Flavonoids; Free Radical Scavengers; Glycols; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Iron; Lipid Peroxidation; Luminol; Phenols; Polyphenols; Propolis; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
Simultaneous treatment with citrate prevents nephropathy induced by FYX-051, a xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor, in rats.
Topics: Animals; Citric Acid; Crystallization; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Kidney Diseases; Macaca fascicularis; Male; Nitriles; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
Three-way partial least-squares regression for the simultaneous kinetic-enzymatic determination of xanthine and hypoxanthine in human urine.
Topics: Humans; Hypoxanthine; Kinetics; Least-Squares Analysis; Oxidation-Reduction; Principal Component Analysis; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
Prevention of cellular oxidative damage by an aqueous extract of Anoectochilus formosanus.
Topics: Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Cell Line, Tumor; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Orchidaceae; Oxidation-Reduction; Plant Extracts; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
Hypertonic induction of COX-2 in collecting duct cells by reactive oxygen species of mitochondrial origin.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Animals; Antioxidants; Blotting, Western; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic N-Oxides; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cytochromes c; Dinoprostone; Fluoresceins; Genes, Dominant; Hydrazones; Kidney; Kidney Tubules, Collecting; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mice; Mitochondria; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; NADPH Oxidase 2; NADPH Oxidases; Onium Compounds; Osmosis; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Phosphoproteins; Phosphorylation; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Reactive Oxygen Species; Rotenone; Thenoyltrifluoroacetone; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
Purification and partial characterisation of camel milk xanthine oxidoreductase.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Camelus; Cattle; Dithiothreitol; Female; Humans; Milk; Molecular Weight; Molybdenum; NAD; Oxidoreductases; Pterins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2003 |
Extracellular H2O2 and not superoxide determines the compartment-specific activation of transferrin receptor by iron regulatory protein 1.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Western; Catalase; Cells, Cultured; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; Fibroblasts; Glucose Oxidase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hypoxanthine; Iron Regulatory Protein 1; Mice; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Transferrin; RNA, Messenger; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
Mitochondria superoxide dismutase mimetic inhibits peroxide-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis: role of mitochondrial superoxide.
Topics: Aconitate Hydratase; Animals; Antioxidants; Aorta; Apoptosis; Caspases; Catalysis; Cattle; Cell Survival; Cyclic N-Oxides; Cytochromes c; Cytosol; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Endothelial Cells; Endothelium, Vascular; Flow Cytometry; Free Radicals; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glucose Oxidase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Iron; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipids; Membrane Potentials; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Mitochondria; Models, Chemical; Nitric Oxide; Organophosphorus Compounds; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen; Peroxides; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Receptors, Transferrin; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Time Factors; Transferrin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
NADH oxidase activity of rat liver xanthine dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase-contribution for damage mechanisms.
Topics: Aldehyde Oxidase; Animals; Cytochromes c; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; In Vitro Techniques; Liposomes; Liver; Male; Malondialdehyde; Multienzyme Complexes; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
Ursodeoxycholic acid and superoxide anion.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Free Radical Scavengers; Liver; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Superoxides; Ursodeoxycholic Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
Evaluation of a new copper(II)-curcumin complex as superoxide dismutase mimic and its free radical reactions.
Topics: Antioxidants; Carbon; Catalysis; Copper; Curcumin; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radicals; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipids; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mass Spectrometry; Micelles; Models, Chemical; Octoxynol; Oxygen; Protein Binding; Spectrophotometry; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Temperature; Ultraviolet Rays; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
Synthesis and antioxidant properties of novel benzimidazoles containing substituted indole or 1,1,4,4-tetramethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthalene fragments.
Topics: Antioxidants; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Cytochrome Reductases; Free Radical Scavengers; Hydrazines; Naphthalenes; Picrates; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
[Xanthine-oxidase deficiency (congenital xanthinuria). Family study].
Topics: Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Hydronephrosis; Male; Pedigree; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Ureteral Calculi; Ureterostomy; Urography; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 1977 |
Exogenous superoxide mediates pro-oxidative, proinflammatory, and procoagulatory changes in primary endothelial cell cultures.
Topics: Apoptosis; Blood Coagulation Factors; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Cells, Cultured; Endothelial Cells; Endothelium, Vascular; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Interleukin-8; NADPH Oxidases; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; Oxidative Stress; RNA, Messenger; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Umbilical Veins; Water; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
Kinetic model of oxidation catalyzed by xanthine oxidase-the final enzyme in degradation of purine nucleosides and nucleotides.
Topics: Adenine; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Kinetics; Models, Theoretical; Oxygen; Purine Nucleosides; Regression Analysis; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
Vanadium promotes hydroxyl radical formation by activated human neutrophils.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Adult; Carcinogens; Cyclic N-Oxides; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Iodine; Luminescence; Neutrophil Activation; Neutrophils; Oxidants; Peroxidase; Phorbol Esters; Spin Labels; Superoxides; Trace Elements; Vanadium; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
Studies of chemical constituents and their antioxidant activities from Astragalus mongholicus Bunge.
Topics: Animals; Astragalus Plant; Astragalus propinquus; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Isoflavones; PC12 Cells; Rats; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
Comprehensive study of bioanalytical platforms: xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Enzymes, Immobilized; Kinetics; Methylene Blue; Microscopy, Atomic Force; Models, Molecular; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenothiazines; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
Effect of combined oxidative and nitrosative stress on Neisseria meningitidis.
Topics: Cell Survival; Escherichia coli; Humans; Hydrazines; Hydrogen Peroxide; Macrophage Activation; Macrophages; Neisseria meningitidis; Nitrogen Oxides; Oxidants; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Nitrogen Species; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
Flow injection determination of xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity and its application to food samples.
Topics: Allopurinol; Enzyme Inhibitors; Flow Injection Analysis; Food Analysis; Malus; Molecular Structure; Onions; Oxygen; Quercetin; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Tea; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
Dependence on the phospholipid polyunsaturated fatty acids of the oxidative injury of isolated cardiomyocytes.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Free Radicals; Linoleic Acids; Lipid Peroxides; Myocytes, Cardiac; Oxidative Stress; Phospholipids; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
Biochemical characterization of some pyrazolopyrimidine-based inhibitors of xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Pyrazoles; Pyrimidines; Reactive Oxygen Species; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
An amperometric biosensor for xanthine determination prepared from xanthine oxidase immobilized in polypyrrole film.
Topics: Animals; Biosensing Techniques; Cattle; Electrochemistry; Enzymes, Immobilized; Humans; Polymers; Pyrroles; Sensitivity and Specificity; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
Quantification of uric acid, xanthine and hypoxanthine in human serum by HPLC for pharmacodynamic studies.
Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Quality Control; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
Superoxide auto-augments superoxide formation and upregulates gp91(phox) expression in porcine pulmonary artery endothelial cells: inhibition by iloprost.
Topics: 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; Animals; Blotting, Western; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Endothelial Cells; Iloprost; Male; Membrane Glycoproteins; Models, Biological; NADPH Oxidases; Pulmonary Artery; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Swine; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Vasodilator Agents; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
Effects of allopurinol on beer-induced increases in plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of purine bases (uric acid, hypoxanthine, and xanthine).
Topics: Adult; Allopurinol; Beer; Ethanol; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Lactic Acid; Male; Oxypurinol; Purines; Uric Acid; Uridine; Xanthine | 2006 |
Xanthine urolithiasis.
Topics: Adolescent; Allopurinol; Child; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Fluid Therapy; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kidney Calculi; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Lithotripsy, Laser; Male; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; Potassium Citrate; Renal Agents; Urine; Xanthine | 2006 |
Effects of various oxidants and antioxidants on the p38-MAPK signalling pathway in the perfused amphibian heart.
Topics: Amphibians; Animals; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Catalase; Heart; Hydrogen Peroxide; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Myocardium; Oxidants; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Perfusion; Phosphorylation; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Signal Transduction; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
(-)Schisandrin B is more potent than its enantiomer in enhancing cellular glutathione and heat shock protein production as well as protecting against oxidant injury in H9c2 cardiomyocytes.
Topics: Animals; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cyclooctanes; Glutathione; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Lignans; Myocytes, Cardiac; Oxidants; Polycyclic Compounds; Rats; Stereoisomerism; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
Reactive oxygen species, Ca2+ signaling and mitochondrial NAD(P)H level in adrenal glomerulosa cells.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Calcium Signaling; Cells, Cultured; Hydrogen Peroxide; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mitochondria; NADP; Oxidants; Potassium; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxides; Ultraviolet Rays; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Zona Glomerulosa | 2006 |
Oxidation and haem loss kinetics of poly(ethylene glycol)-conjugated haemoglobin (MP4): dissociation between in vitro and in vivo oxidation rates.
Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Blood Substitutes; Catalase; Heme; Hemoglobins; Humans; Male; Maleimides; Methemoglobin; Oxidation-Reduction; Polyethylene Glycols; Potassium Cyanide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
Differential release of plasminogen activator inhibitors (PAIs) during dual perfusion of human placenta: implications in preeclampsia.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Perfusion; Placenta; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 2; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Reactive Oxygen Species; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Determination of intracellular reactive oxygen species and high mitochondrial membrane potential in Percoll-treated viable boar sperm using fluorescence-activated flow cytometry.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Flow Cytometry; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mitochondrial Membranes; Oxidation-Reduction; Povidone; Reactive Oxygen Species; Semen Preservation; Silicon Dioxide; Spermatozoa; Swine; Vitamin K 3; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
Synergistic protective effect of ischemic preconditioning and allopurinol on ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat liver.
Topics: Adenosine; Allopurinol; Animals; Glutathione; Ischemic Preconditioning; Liver; Male; Malondialdehyde; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial Swelling; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide; Peroxides; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Transaminases; Xanthine | 2006 |
Inhibition of xanthine oxidase improves myocardial contractility in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.
Topics: Aged; Cardiomyopathies; Cardiotonic Agents; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardial Ischemia; Oxypurinol; Reactive Oxygen Species; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
Acute renal failure from xanthine nephropathy during management of acute leukemia.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Allopurinol; Child; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Humans; Nephrolithiasis; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Tumor Lysis Syndrome; Xanthine | 2007 |
Efficacy and safety of allopurinol in patients with the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome and partial hypoxanthine- phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency: a follow-up study of 18 Spanish patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Allopurinol; Child; Child, Preschool; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Infant; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Purines; Spain; Uric Acid; Xanthine | 2006 |
Purine catabolism in advanced carotid artery plaque.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Allantoin; Allopurinol; Carotid Stenosis; Chemistry, Clinical; Female; Free Radicals; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidants; Oxypurinol; Purines; Uric Acid; Xanthine | 2006 |
Cu(II) potentiation of Alzheimer Abeta1-40 cytotoxicity and transition on its secondary structure.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cations, Divalent; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Circular Dichroism; Copper; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Hydrogen Peroxide; Neurons; Peptide Fragments; Potassium Iodide; Protein Structure, Secondary; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spectrophotometry; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
Surgery-derived reactive oxygen species produced by polymorphonuclear leukocytes promote tumor recurrence: studies in an in vitro model.
Topics: Acute-Phase Reaction; Caco-2 Cells; Cell Adhesion; Colonic Neoplasms; Cytochromes c; Epithelium; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; In Vitro Techniques; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neutrophils; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reproducibility of Results; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Amperometric biosensor for xanthine with supramolecular architecture.
Topics: Adamantane; beta-Cyclodextrins; Biosensing Techniques; Enzymes, Immobilized; Gold; Metal Nanoparticles; Models, Molecular; Potentiometry; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
The effect of infusing hypoxanthine or xanthine on hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in rabbits.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Enzyme Activators; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Free Radicals; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Neurofilament Proteins; Rabbits; Random Allocation; Recovery of Function; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Dual in vitro perfusion of an isolated cotyledon as a model to study the implication of changes in the third trimester placenta on preeclampsia.
Topics: Antioxidants; Biomarkers; Cotyledon; Culture Media; Cytokines; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Models, Biological; Oxidative Stress; Perfusion; Placenta; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, Third; Reperfusion; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Regulation of the expression of soluble guanylyl cyclase by reactive oxygen species.
Topics: Animals; Aorta; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic GMP; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Guanylate Cyclase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitroprusside; Oxidative Stress; Protein Subunits; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; RNA Stability; RNA, Messenger; Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase; Tissue Culture Techniques; Transcription, Genetic; Vitamin K 3; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Allopurinol reduces neointimal hyperplasia in the carotid artery ligation model in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Blood Pressure; Carotid Arteries; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Heart Rate; Hyperplasia; Hypertension; Ligation; Male; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Tunica Media; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
Selective detection of superoxide anion radicals generated from macrophages by using a novel fluorescent probe.
Topics: Animals; Catalase; Cell Line; Fluorescent Dyes; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Macrophages; Microscopy, Confocal; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Models, Chemical; Molecular Structure; Reactive Oxygen Species; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Hydrogen peroxide mediates damage by xanthine and xanthine oxidase in cerebellar granule neuronal cultures.
Topics: Animals; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Drug Interactions; Free Radicals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Neurons; Oxidants; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Cytoprotective effect of preparations from various parts of Punica granatum L. fruits in oxidatively injured mammalian cells in comparison with their antioxidant capacity in cell free systems.
Topics: Antioxidants; Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase; Biphenyl Compounds; Cell Line; Cell Survival; DNA Breaks, Single-Stranded; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelial Cells; Fruit; Humans; Hydrazines; Hydrogen Peroxide; Iron Chelating Agents; Lipoproteins, LDL; Luminol; Lythraceae; Oxidation-Reduction; Picrates; Plant Extracts; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Sulfhydryl Compounds; tert-Butylhydroperoxide; U937 Cells; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Apical oxidative hyaluronan degradation stimulates airway ciliary beating via RHAMM and RON.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Cell Polarity; Cells, Cultured; Cilia; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Hepatocyte Growth Factor; Humans; Hyaluronan Receptors; Hyaluronic Acid; Oxidation-Reduction; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Respiratory Mucosa; Trachea; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Acid sphingomyelinase and its redox amplification in formation of lipid raft redox signaling platforms in endothelial cells.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Western; Cattle; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Ceramides; Coronary Vessels; Endothelial Cells; Enzyme Activation; Fas Ligand Protein; Membrane Microdomains; NADPH Oxidases; Oxidation-Reduction; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA Interference; RNA, Small Interfering; Signal Transduction; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Transfection; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Effect of high-salt diet on vascular relaxation and oxidative stress in mesenteric resistance arteries.
Topics: Acetophenones; Angiotensin II; Animals; Cyclic N-Oxides; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Fluorescein; Fluorescent Dyes; Male; Mesenteric Arteries; Methacholine Chloride; Microscopy, Fluorescence; NADPH Oxidases; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Oxidative Stress; Oxypurinol; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Chloride, Dietary; Spin Labels; Superoxides; Vascular Resistance; Vasoconstriction; Vasodilation; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Preferential inhibition of xanthine oxidase by 2-amino-6-hydroxy-8-mercaptopurine and 2-amino-6-purine thiol.
Topics: Adenine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hydroxylation; Kinetics; Mercaptopurine; Models, Chemical; Molecular Structure; Substrate Specificity; Thioguanine; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 2007 |
Analysis of dihydroethidium fluorescence for the detection of intracellular and extracellular superoxide produced by NADPH oxidase.
Topics: Acridines; Cells, Cultured; Endothelium, Vascular; Ethidium; Fluorescence; HL-60 Cells; Humans; Luminescence; Luminescent Agents; Membrane Glycoproteins; NADPH Oxidase 2; NADPH Oxidase 4; NADPH Oxidases; RNA, Small Interfering; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Effects of keishibukuryogan on vascular function in adjuvant-induced arthritis rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Antioxidants; Aorta, Thoracic; Arthritis, Experimental; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Endothelium, Vascular; Freund's Adjuvant; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Medicine, Kampo; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; Perfusion; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; Vasodilator Agents; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Differential inhibition by oxygen radicals of vasoactive amines-induced contractions in the porcine coronary artery.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Antipyrine; Calcium; Coronary Vessels; Edaravone; Free Radicals; Histamine; Hydrogen Peroxide; Serotonin; Swine; Vasoconstriction; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Oxidation process of adrenaline in freshly isolated rat cardiomyocytes: formation of adrenochrome, quinoproteins, and GSH adduct.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Adrenergic Agonists; Adrenochrome; Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Animals; Calcium; Cell Survival; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epinephrine; Glutathione; Intracellular Membranes; Kinetics; Myocytes, Cardiac; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Several dual specificity phosphatases coordinate to control the magnitude and duration of JNK activation in signaling response to oxidative stress.
Topics: Activating Transcription Factor 2; Cell Line; Down-Regulation; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Oxidants; Oxidative Stress; Phosphorylation; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; RNA Interference; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Posttranslational ruling of xanthine oxidase activity in bovine milk by its substrates.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Infections; Cattle; Escherichia coli; Female; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hypoxanthine; Mammary Glands, Animal; Milk; Oxytocics; Oxytocin; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Staphylococcus aureus; Substrate Specificity; Time Factors; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
NADH photo-oxidation is enhanced by a partially purified lambda-crystallin fraction from rabbit lens.
Topics: Animals; Crystallins; In Vitro Techniques; Lens, Crystalline; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Rabbits; Superoxides; Ultraviolet Rays; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Endothelin-1 in humans is increased by oxygen-derived radicals ex vivo and in vivo.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Catalase; Endothelin-1; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Mammary Arteries; Oxidative Stress; Oxypurinol; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Antioxidant activity and sex differences of acute vascular effects of amiodarone in advanced atherosclerosis.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amiodarone; Animals; Antioxidants; Aorta; Apolipoproteins E; Coronary Artery Disease; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mice, Knockout; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Nitroprusside; Phenylephrine; Sex Factors; Superoxides; Vasoconstriction; Vasodilation; Vasodilator Agents; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
The xanthine oxidase activity of rat tissues.
Topics: Animals; Coloring Agents; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases; Peroxidase; Peroxidases; Rats; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1949 |
Superoxide-induced potentiation in the hippocampus requires activation of ryanodine receptor type 3 and ERK.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Oxidants; Protein Binding; Ryanodine; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2008 |
Determination of superoxide in seawater using 2-methyl-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,7- dihydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one chemiluminescence.
Topics: Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Imidazoles; Luminescence; Luminescent Measurements; Metals; Oxygen; Pacific Ocean; Photochemistry; Pyrazines; Seawater; Superoxides; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2008 |
A critical role for ureides in dark and senescence-induced purine remobilization is unmasked in the Atxdh1 Arabidopsis mutant.
Topics: Allantoin; Allopurinol; Arabidopsis; Arabidopsis Proteins; Darkness; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Mutation; Nitroblue Tetrazolium; Onium Compounds; Plants, Genetically Modified; Purines; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Plant; Transcription, Genetic; Urea; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase | 2008 |
Functional characterization of human xanthine oxidase allelic variants.
Topics: Alleles; Animals; Base Sequence; Chlorocebus aethiops; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cloning, Molecular; COS Cells; DNA Primers; Genetic Variation; Humans; Japan; Kinetics; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Pharmacogenetics; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Recombinant Proteins; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2008 |
Fatty acids influence binding of cobalt to serum albumin in patients with fatty liver.
Topics: Adult; Case-Control Studies; Cobalt; Copper Sulfate; Fatty Acids; Fatty Liver; Female; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; Malondialdehyde; Protein Binding; Protein Carbonylation; Serum Albumin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2008 |
Applicability of new spin trap agent, 2-diphenylphosphinoyl-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole N-oxide, in biological system.
Topics: Cell Line; Cell-Free System; Cyclic N-Oxides; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Humans; Kinetics; Neutrophils; Pyrroles; Spin Labels; Spin Trapping; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2008 |
Examination of performance of glassy carbon paste electrode modified with gold nanoparticle and xanthine oxidase for xanthine and hypoxanthine detection.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Carbon; Electrochemistry; Electrodes; Glass; Gold; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoxanthine; Linear Models; Metal Nanoparticles; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nanocomposites; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2007 |
Xanthine oxidase interaction with vascular endothelial growth factor in human endothelial cell angiogenesis.
Topics: Apoptosis; Cell Division; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Endothelial Cells; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Microcirculation; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Oxypurinol; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Phosphorylation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Reactive Oxygen Species; Umbilical Veins; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2008 |
EPR studies on the superoxide-scavenging capacity of the nutraceutical resveratrol.
Topics: Dietary Supplements; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radical Scavengers; Oxygen Consumption; Pyrroles; Resveratrol; Spin Labels; Stilbenes; Superoxides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2008 |
Angiotensin II enhances EGF receptor expression levels via ROS formation in HaCaT cells.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Base Sequence; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; DNA Primers; ErbB Receptors; Gene Expression; Humans; Keratinocytes; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA, Messenger; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2008 |
Renierol from marine sponge Haliclona.SP.: a natural inhibitor of xanthine oxidase with hypouricemic effects.
Topics: Animals; Enzyme Inhibitors; Isoquinolines; Mice; Plant Extracts; Porifera; Quinones; Superoxides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2008 |
Redox-independent activation of NF-kappaB by Pseudomonas aeruginosa pyocyanin in a cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cell line.
Topics: Catalase; Cell Line; Cystic Fibrosis; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Drug Synergism; Flagellin; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; NADP; NF-kappa B; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pyocyanine; Respiratory Mucosa; Superoxides; Toll-Like Receptor 5; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2008 |
The oxidation of glutathione by cobalt/tungsten carbide contributes to hard metal-induced oxidative stress.
Topics: Cobalt; Electrochemistry; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Glutathione; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxides; Trace Elements; Tungsten Compounds; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2008 |
Hyaluronan fragments/CD44 mediate oxidative stress-induced MUC5B up-regulation in airway epithelium.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Enzyme Activation; Epithelial Cells; ErbB Receptors; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Hyaluronan Receptors; Hyaluronic Acid; Middle Aged; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; Mucin-5B; Nicotiana; Oxidative Stress; Peptide Fragments; Reactive Oxygen Species; Respiratory Mucosa; Signal Transduction; Smoke; Smoking; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Young Adult | 2009 |
Development of a high analytical performance-xanthine biosensor based on layered double hydroxides modified-electrode and investigation of the inhibitory effect by allopurinol.
Topics: Allopurinol; Biosensing Techniques; Electrochemistry; Electrodes; Enzymes, Immobilized; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure Analysis; Hydroxides; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
Immobilization of a trienzymatic system in a sol-gel matrix: a new fluorescent biosensor for xanthine.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Enzymes, Immobilized; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure Analysis; Multienzyme Complexes; Peroxidase; Phase Transition; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2008 |
Mechanisms underlying erythrocyte and endothelial nitrite reduction to nitric oxide in hypoxia: role for xanthine oxidoreductase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Aorta; Arginine; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Endothelial Cells; Enzyme Inhibitors; Erythrocytes; Fluorometry; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Male; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; Nitrite Reductases; Nitrites; omega-N-Methylarginine; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase | 2008 |
Xanthine oxidase contributes to mechanical ventilation-induced diaphragmatic oxidative stress and contractile dysfunction.
Topics: Animals; Diaphragm; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Hypoxanthine; Lipid Peroxidation; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Weakness; Muscular Atrophy; Oxidative Stress; Oxypurinol; Protein Carbonylation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors; Uric Acid; Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
Detection of the superoxide radical anion using various alkanethiol monolayers and immobilized cytochrome c.
Topics: Animals; Biosensing Techniques; Catalysis; Cattle; Cytochromes c; Electrochemistry; Electrodes; Enzymes, Immobilized; Micro-Electrical-Mechanical Systems; Succinimides; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2008 |
Transcription factor decoys for activator protein-1 (AP-1) inhibit oxidative stress-induced proliferation and matrix metalloproteinases in rat cardiac fibroblasts.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Genetic Therapy; Matrix Metalloproteinase 13; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Myocytes, Cardiac; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Transcription Factor AP-1; Transfection; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
Substrate Orientation and Catalysis at the Molybdenum Site in Xanthine Oxidase: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES IN COMPLEX WITH XANTHINE AND LUMAZINE.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Cattle; Crystallography, X-Ray; Female; Milk; Molybdenum; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Pteridines; Rhodobacter capsulatus; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
Adrenaline in pro-oxidant conditions elicits intracellular survival pathways in isolated rat cardiomyocytes.
Topics: 1,2-Dihydroxybenzene-3,5-Disulfonic Acid Disodium Salt; Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; Animals; Caspase 3; Cell Survival; Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; Cytochromes c; DNA-Binding Proteins; Epinephrine; Free Radical Scavengers; Heat Shock Transcription Factors; HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leupeptins; Male; Mitochondria, Heart; Myocytes, Cardiac; NF-kappa B; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Proteasome Inhibitors; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Signal Transduction; Time Factors; Transcription Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
Effects of hyperglycemia and oxidative stress on the glutamate transporters GLAST and system xc- in mouse retinal Müller glial cells.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System y+; Animals; Blood Glucose; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Female; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neuroglia; Oxidative Stress; Retina; Vimentin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
Detection and measurement of reactive oxygen intermediates in mitochondria and cells.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Fluorescence; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Intracellular Space; Mitochondria; Mitochondria, Liver; Molecular Biology; Neutrophils; Oxidants; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2008 |
Role of oxidative stress in ischemia-reperfusion-induced alterations in myofibrillar ATPase activities and gene expression in the heart.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Animals; Antioxidants; Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Cardiac Myosins; Catalase; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gene Expression Regulation; In Vitro Techniques; Leupeptins; Male; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Myocardium; Myofibrils; Myosin Heavy Chains; Myosin Light Chains; Oxidative Stress; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA, Messenger; Superoxide Dismutase; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left; Ventricular Pressure; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
A free radical-generating system induces the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway: a role in Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Apoptosis; Brain Chemistry; Cholesterol; Free Radicals; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA-Reductases, NADP-dependent; Neurons; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Oxidative Stress; RNA Interference; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
Oxidative injury in V79 Chinese hamster cells: protective role of the superoxide dismutase mimetic MnTM-4-PyP.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Cricetinae; Cricetulus; Doxorubicin; Drug Interactions; Fibroblasts; Formazans; Free Radical Scavengers; Manganese; Metalloporphyrins; Mitotic Index; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; tert-Butylhydroperoxide; Tetrazolium Salts; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2010 |
Novel high-throughput assay for antioxidant capacity against superoxide anion.
Topics: Antioxidants; Fluorescent Dyes; Fruit; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenanthridines; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Sensitivity and Specificity; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
Inhibition studies of bovine xanthine oxidase by luteolin, silibinin, quercetin, and curcumin.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Curcumin; Luteolin; Molecular Structure; Molybdenum; Purines; Quercetin; Silybin; Silymarin; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
Acute and chronic modulation of placental chorionic plate artery reactivity by reactive oxygen species.
Topics: 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; Adult; Antioxidants; Chorion; Female; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Myography; Placenta; Placental Circulation; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Reactive Oxygen Species; Regional Blood Flow; Umbilical Arteries; Vasoconstriction; Vitamins; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Young Adult | 2009 |
Simultaneous electrochemical monitoring of metabolites related to the xanthine oxidase pathway using a grinded carbon electrode.
Topics: Allopurinol; Biosensing Techniques; Carbon; Electrochemical Techniques; Electrodes; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Oxypurinol; Purinones; Sensitivity and Specificity; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
Adrenaline and reactive oxygen species elicit proteome and energetic metabolism modifications in freshly isolated rat cardiomyocytes.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; Energy Metabolism; Epinephrine; Glucose; Lactic Acid; Male; Mitochondria, Heart; Myocytes, Cardiac; Proteomics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
Xanthine oxidase/laponite nanoparticles immobilized on glassy carbon electrode: direct electron transfer and multielectrocatalysis.
Topics: Adsorption; Biosensing Techniques; Carbon; Catalysis; Electrochemistry; Electron Transport; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure Analysis; Glass; Microelectrodes; Nanoparticles; Silicates; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
Combination of methods for in vitro study of antioxidant properties of chemical compounds.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Granulocytes; Lipoproteins, LDL; Luminescent Agents; Luminol; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Respiratory Burst; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Zymosan | 2008 |
Reconstituted high-density lipoprotein suppresses leukocyte NADPH oxidase activation by disrupting lipid rafts.
Topics: Apolipoprotein A-I; beta-Cyclodextrins; Cell-Free System; Cholesterol; Endothelial Cells; Enzyme Activation; HL-60 Cells; Humans; Leukocytes; Lipoproteins, HDL; Luminescent Measurements; Membrane Lipids; Membrane Microdomains; NADPH Oxidases; Phagocytosis; Phosphatidylcholines; Superoxides; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Umbilical Veins; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
Direct, real-time monitoring of superoxide generation in isolated mitochondria.
Topics: Animals; Antimycin A; Biosensing Techniques; Calibration; Cell Line, Tumor; Cytochromes c; Electrochemical Techniques; Electron Transport Complex I; Electron Transport Complex III; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gold; Humans; Ion-Selective Electrodes; Kinetics; Mitochondria; Oxidative Stress; Rotenone; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Uncoupling Agents; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
Effects of allopurinol on uric acid concentrations, xanthine oxidoreductase activity and oxidative stress in broiler chickens.
Topics: Age Factors; Allantoin; Allopurinol; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Chickens; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Hypoxanthine; Intestines; Liver; Male; Oxidative Stress; Pancreas; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2010 |
Evidence of overestimation of rate constants for the superoxide trapping by nitrones in aqueous media.
Topics: Cyclic N-Oxides; Hypoxanthine; Kinetics; Models, Molecular; Nitrogen Oxides; Pyrroles; Superoxides; Water; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2005 |
A combined QM/MM study on the reductive half-reaction of xanthine oxidase: substrate orientation and mechanism.
Topics: Animals; Catalytic Domain; Cattle; Models, Molecular; Oxidation-Reduction; Quantum Theory; Thermodynamics; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
A novel manganese complex effective as superoxide anion scavenger and therapeutic agent against cell and tissue oxidative injury.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Carboxylic Acids; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Drug Design; Drug Stability; Electrochemistry; Free Radical Scavengers; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Inflammation; Intracellular Space; Ligands; Macrophages; Male; Manganese; Mice; Organometallic Compounds; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
Oxidative stress-induced S100B protein from placenta and amnion affects soluble Endoglin release from endothelial cells.
Topics: Adult; Aldehydes; Amnion; Antigens, CD; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Dinoprost; Endoglin; Endothelial Cells; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Nerve Growth Factors; Oxidative Stress; Placenta; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Receptors, Cell Surface; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; S100 Proteins; Tissue Culture Techniques; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Young Adult | 2010 |
Influence on energy kinetics and histology of different preservation solutions seen during cold ischemia in the liver.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Allopurinol; Animals; Energy Metabolism; Glutathione; Hypoxanthine; Insulin; Ischemia; Kinetics; Liver; Male; Organ Preservation; Organ Preservation Solutions; Raffinose; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Reticulin; Uric Acid; Uridine; Xanthine | 2009 |
Sensitivity of staurosporine-induced differentiated RGC-5 cells to homocysteine.
Topics: Caspase 3; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Glutamic Acid; Homocysteine; Humans; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Oxidative Stress; Retinal Ganglion Cells; RNA, Messenger; Staurosporine; Thy-1 Antigens; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2010 |
Group IIA secretory phospholipase A2 (GIIA) mediates apoptotic death during NMDA receptor activation in rat primary cortical neurons.
Topics: Animals; Annexin A5; Apoptosis; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Embryo, Mammalian; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Flow Cytometry; Glutamic Acid; Group II Phospholipases A2; Mitochondria; Molsidomine; Neurons; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitroso Compounds; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2010 |
Kupffer cell activation by hydrogen peroxide: a new mechanism of portal pressure increase.
Topics: 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; Amides; Animals; Gadolinium; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kupffer Cells; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Microfilament Proteins; Portal Pressure; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sulfonamides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2010 |
Enhancement of superoxide dismutase activity in rat lungs after hypoxic preconditioning.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Antioxidants; Female; Hemodynamics; Hypoxia; Lung; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
Reduction of hexa(sulfobutyl)fullerence on oxidative injury by xanthine and xanthine oxidase in isolated rat lungs.
Topics: Animals; Female; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Fullerenes; Luminescent Measurements; Lung; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2009 |
Hydrogen peroxide activates focal adhesion kinase and c-Src by a phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase-dependent mechanism and promotes cell migration in Caco-2 cell monolayers.
Topics: Animals; Caco-2 Cells; Cell Movement; Chickens; Crk-Associated Substrate Protein; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Activation; Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Intestinal Mucosa; Mice; Mutation; Oxidants; Oxidative Stress; Paxillin; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; Phosphorylation; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Protein Transport; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src); RNA Interference; Signal Transduction; Time Factors; Tyrosine; Vinculin; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2010 |
Superoxide-induced bleaching of streptocyanine dyes: Application to assay the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutases.
Topics: Coloring Agents; Diethylamines; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Iron; Kinetics; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2010 |
3-Formylchromones: potential antiinflammatory agents.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Carrageenan; Chromones; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Edema; Female; Inflammation; Male; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Respiratory Burst; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2010 |
Oxidative stress: a potential recipe for anxiety, hypertension and insulin resistance.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Hypertension; Insulin Resistance; Male; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2010 |
The inhibitory effect of raloxifene on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 cells is mediated through a ROS/p38 MAPK/CREB pathway to the up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 independent of estrogen receptor.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cell Line; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Enzyme Induction; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Heme Oxygenase-1; Hydrogen Peroxide; Iron; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages; Mice; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Raloxifene Hydrochloride; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Estrogen; Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; Signal Transduction; Up-Regulation; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2011 |
PLA2G3, a gene involved in oxidative stress induced death, is associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alzheimer Disease; Apoptosis; Brain; Case-Control Studies; Female; Flow Cytometry; Gene Silencing; Genetic Association Studies; Genotype; Group III Phospholipases A2; Haplotypes; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neurons; Odds Ratio; Oxidative Stress; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Reactive Oxygen Species; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2010 |
A free radical-generating system regulates APP metabolism/processing.
Topics: Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; Cell Line, Tumor; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Humans; Neurons; Oxidative Stress; Peptide Fragments; Solubility; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2010 |
Regulation of xanthine oxidase activity by substrates at active sites via cooperative interactions between catalytic subunits: implication to drug pharmacokinetics.
Topics: Adenine; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Dimerization; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Models, Theoretical; Protein Binding; Pteridines; Pterins; Substrate Specificity; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthopterin | 2011 |
Xanthine dehydrogenase electrocatalysis: autocatalysis and novel activity.
Topics: Allopurinol; Biocatalysis; Electrochemistry; Electrodes; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoxanthine; Imines; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Rhodobacter capsulatus; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase | 2011 |
Inhibition of xanthine oxidase reduces oxidative stress and improves skeletal muscle function in response to electrically stimulated isometric contractions in aged mice.
Topics: Age Factors; Aging; Allopurinol; Animals; Apoptosis; Caspase 3; Catalase; Electric Stimulation; Glutathione; Glutathione Peroxidase; Hydrogen Peroxide; Isometric Contraction; Lipid Peroxidation; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mitochondria; Muscle, Skeletal; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Oxidative Stress; Signal Transduction; Superoxide Dismutase; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2011 |
Potential contribution of oxidative stress and inflammation to anxiety and hypertension.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anxiety; Brain; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Buthionine Sulfoximine; Calpain; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutathione Reductase; Hypertension; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Lactoylglutathione Lyase; Male; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Signal Transduction; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2011 |
The tumor lysis syndrome.
Topics: Allopurinol; Drug Costs; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Kidney Diseases; Tumor Lysis Syndrome; Urate Oxidase; Xanthine | 2011 |
Effects of moderate electrical stimulation on reactive species production by primary rat skeletal muscle cells: cross talk between superoxide and nitric oxide production.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cytochromes c; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ethidium; Fluorescein; Free Radical Scavengers; Mitochondria, Muscle; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; NF-kappa B; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Nitrites; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Primary Cell Culture; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Signal Transduction; Superoxides; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2012 |
Pyrogallol red oxidation induced by superoxide radicals: application to evaluate redox cycling of nitro compounds.
Topics: Animals; Cytochromes c; Ethidium; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; Microsomes, Liver; Nitro Compounds; Oxidation-Reduction; Pyrogallol; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2011 |
Novel mutations in xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase cause severe hypouricemia: biochemical and molecular genetic analysis in two Czech families with xanthinuria type I.
Topics: Adult; Base Sequence; Blotting, Western; Czech Republic; DNA Primers; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Female; Haplotypes; Humans; Male; Microsatellite Repeats; Mutation; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2012 |
Two-dimensional imaging of spontaneous ultra-weak photon emission from the human skin: role of reactive oxygen species.
Topics: Adult; Diagnostic Imaging; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Hand; Head; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Iron; Male; Oxidative Stress; Photometry; Photons; Reactive Oxygen Species; Skin; Skin Physiological Phenomena; Superoxides; Torso; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2011 |
Amperometric biosensors based on deposition of gold and platinum nanoparticles on polyvinylferrocene modified electrode for xanthine detection.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Electrodes; Equipment Design; Ferrous Compounds; Gold; Nanoparticles; Platinum; Polyvinyls; Sensitivity and Specificity; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2011 |
Amperometric determination of xanthine in fish meat by zinc oxide nanoparticle/chitosan/multiwalled carbon nanotube/polyaniline composite film bound xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Biosensing Techniques; Chitosan; Dielectric Spectroscopy; Electrochemistry; Fish Products; Metal Nanoparticles; Nanotubes, Carbon; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; X-Ray Diffraction; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Zinc Oxide | 2012 |
Effects of activated neutrophils on isolated rings of rat thoracic aorta.
Topics: Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Tonus; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; Neutrophils; Phenylephrine; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species; Vasoconstriction; Vasodilation; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2011 |
Ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry inhibitors fishing assay: a novel method for simultaneously screening of xanthine oxidase inhibitor and superoxide anion scavenger in a single analysis.
Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Enzyme Inhibitors; Formazans; Free Radical Scavengers; Limit of Detection; Superoxides; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tetrazolium Salts; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2012 |
An amperometric biosensor for fish freshness detection from xanthine oxidase immobilized in polypyrrole-polyvinylsulphonate film.
Topics: Animals; Biocatalysis; Biosensing Techniques; Electrochemistry; Electrodes; Enzymes, Immobilized; Fishes; Food Analysis; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoxanthine; Methylene Blue; Polymers; Polyvinyls; Pyrroles; Reproducibility of Results; Sulfonic Acids; Temperature; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2012 |
Bovine rod rhodopsin. 1. Bleaching by luminescence in vitro by recombination of radicals from polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Glutathione; Isomerism; Lipid Peroxidation; Luminescence; Photobleaching; Rhodopsin; Rod Cell Outer Segment; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2012 |
Water restriction increases renal inner medullary manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Animals; Antimycin A; Catalase; Cells, Cultured; Dogs; Female; Kidney; Male; Mice; NADPH Oxidases; Osmolar Concentration; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Urea; Water Deprivation; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2012 |
Characterization of superoxide dismutases in cardiac progenitor cells demonstrates a critical role for manganese superoxide dismutase.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Cell Survival; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Assays; Fibroblasts; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Myocardium; Myocytes, Cardiac; Oxidative Stress; Phosphorylation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Small Interfering; Stem Cells; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Time Factors; Transfection; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2012 |
Supramolecular immobilization of xanthine oxidase on electropolymerized matrix of functionalized hybrid gold nanoparticles/single-walled carbon nanotubes for the preparation of electrochemical biosensors.
Topics: Biochemistry; Biosensing Techniques; Cyclodextrins; Electrochemistry; Electrodes; Gold; Metal Nanoparticles; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Nanotubes, Carbon; Polymers; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2012 |
Transitory phases of autophagic death and programmed necrosis during superoxide-induced neuronal cell death.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Autophagy; Autophagy-Related Protein 7; Caspase 3; Caspase 7; Caspase 9; Catalase; Cells, Cultured; Endodeoxyribonucleases; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Necrosis; Neurons; Oxidative Stress; RNA Interference; RNA, Small Interfering; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2012 |
Tetrathiatriarylmethyl radical with a single aromatic hydrogen as a highly sensitive and specific superoxide probe.
Topics: Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Free Radicals; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring; Kinetics; Models, Chemical; Oxidation-Reduction; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2012 |
Xanthine oxidase inhibition attenuates skeletal muscle signaling following acute exercise but does not impair mitochondrial adaptations to endurance training.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Allopurinol; Animals; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glucose Transporter Type 4; Male; Mitochondria; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Skeletal; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; Phenols; Physical Endurance; Physical Exertion; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA-Binding Proteins; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction; Transcription Factors; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2013 |
Enzymatic conversion of 6-nitroquinoline to the fluorophore 6-aminoquinoline selectively under hypoxic conditions.
Topics: Aminoquinolines; Hypoxia; Nitroquinolines; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2013 |
Allopurinol and xanthine use different translocation mechanisms and trajectories in the fungal UapA transporter.
Topics: Allopurinol; Aspergillus nidulans; Biological Transport; Diffusion; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fungal Proteins; Kinetics; Membrane Transport Proteins; Molecular Docking Simulation; Protein Conformation; Xanthine | 2013 |
Extracellular but not cytosolic superoxide dismutase protects against oxidant-mediated endothelial dysfunction.
Topics: Adventitia; Animals; Aorta; Dependovirus; Endothelium, Vascular; Genetic Vectors; Male; Nitric Oxide; Oxidants; Phenylephrine; Protective Agents; Rabbits; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2013 |
Superoxide anion radicals activate hepatic stellate cells after entry through chloride channels: a new target in liver fibrosis.
Topics: 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid; Actins; Cell Line; Chloride Channels; Glycolates; Hepatic Stellate Cells; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Nitrobenzoates; Superoxides; Transforming Growth Factor beta1; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2014 |
Anion exchange HPLC isolation of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and on-line estimation of proinflammatory HDL.
Topics: Anemia, Sickle Cell; Animals; Anion Exchange Resins; Case-Control Studies; Cell-Free System; Cholesterol; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Hemoglobins; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Lipoproteins, HDL; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Online Systems; Oxidation-Reduction; Reference Standards; Triglycerides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2014 |
A nanoceria-platinum-graphene nanocomposite for electrochemical biosensing.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Cerium; Conductometry; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure Analysis; Glucose; Glucose Oxidase; Graphite; Microelectrodes; Nanocomposites; Platinum; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2014 |
Amperometric biosensor for xanthine determination based on Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
Topics: Arthrobacter; Biosensing Techniques; Carbon; Electrochemistry; Electrodes; Humans; Magnetite Nanoparticles; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2014 |
X-ray crystal structure of a xanthine oxidase complex with the flavonoid inhibitor quercetin.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Catalytic Domain; Cattle; Crystallography, X-Ray; Drug Design; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Structure; Molybdenum; Phenylalanine; Quercetin; Structure-Activity Relationship; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2014 |
A nanocomposite/crude extract enzyme-based xanthine biosensor.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Dielectric Spectroscopy; Enzymes, Immobilized; Limit of Detection; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nanocomposites; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2014 |
Protection of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) spermatozoa motility under oxidative stress by antioxidants and seminal plasma.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Carps; Glutathione Reductase; Male; Oxidative Stress; Semen; Sperm Motility; Spermatozoa; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2014 |
An insight into prototropism and supramolecular motifs in solid-state structures of allopurinol, hypoxanthine, xanthine, and uric acid. A ¹H-¹⁴N NQDR spectroscopy, hybrid DFT/QTAIM, and Hirshfeld surface-based study.
Topics: Allopurinol; Hydrogen; Hydrogen Bonding; Hypoxanthine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Models, Molecular; Nitrogen; Quantum Theory; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2014 |
Sensitive electrochemical measurement of hydroxyl radical generation induced by the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system.
Topics: Catalysis; Electrochemical Techniques; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Ferric Compounds; Glucose; Glucose Dehydrogenases; Humans; Hydroquinones; Hydroxyl Radical; Oxidation-Reduction; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xylenes | 2014 |
The reductive half-reaction of xanthine dehydrogenase from Rhodobacter capsulatus: the role of Glu232 in catalysis.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Cattle; Crystallography, X-Ray; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Oxidation-Reduction; Rhodobacter capsulatus; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Substrate Specificity; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2014 |
The flavoprotein FerB of Paracoccus denitrificans binds to membranes, reduces ubiquinone and superoxide, and acts as an in vivo antioxidant.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Flavoproteins; Kinetics; Membrane Proteins; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Paracoccus denitrificans; Superoxides; Ubiquinone; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2015 |
Febuxostat for management of tumor lysis syndrome including its effects on levels of purine metabolites in patients with hematological malignancies - a single institution's, pharmacokinetic and pilot prospective study.
Topics: Aged; Allopurinol; Antineoplastic Agents; Creatinine; Enzyme Inhibitors; Febuxostat; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Hematologic Neoplasms; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot Projects; Prospective Studies; Thiazoles; Tumor Lysis Syndrome; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2014 |
Nitrite reductase activity of rat and human xanthine oxidase, xanthine dehydrogenase, and aldehyde oxidase: evaluation of their contribution to NO formation in vivo.
Topics: Aldehyde Oxidase; Aldehydes; Animals; Biocatalysis; Endothelial Cells; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Male; Microvessels; Models, Molecular; NAD; Nitric Oxide; Nitrite Reductases; Nitrites; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substrate Specificity; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2015 |
What is your diagnosis? Urine crystals from a dog.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Antimetabolites; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Male; Urolithiasis; Xanthine | 2015 |
Construction of novel xanthine biosensor by using polymeric mediator/MWCNT nanocomposite layer for fish freshness detection.
Topics: Animals; Biosensing Techniques; Enzymes, Immobilized; Fishes; Limit of Detection; Nanocomposites; Polymers; Quality Control; Seafood; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2015 |
Using Next-Generation Sequencing to Identify a Mutation in Human MCSU that is Responsible for Type II Xanthinuria.
Topics: Adult; Aldehyde Oxidase; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Male; Mutation; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Sulfurtransferases; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2015 |
Superoxide anion radical (O2(-)) degrades methylmercury to inorganic mercury in human astrocytoma cell line (CCF-STTG1).
Topics: Astrocytoma; Cell Death; Cell Line, Tumor; Central Nervous System Neoplasms; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Mercury; Methylmercury Compounds; Oxidative Stress; Paraquat; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2015 |
[Establishment of double targets of high throughput screening model for xanthine oxidase inhibitors and superoxide anion scavengers].
Topics: Enzyme Inhibitors; Free Radical Scavengers; High-Throughput Screening Assays; Superoxides; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2015 |
Extracellular superoxide provokes glutathione efflux from Escherichia coli cells.
Topics: Catalase; Culture Media; Cytoplasm; Escherichia coli; gamma-Glutamyltransferase; Glutathione; Glutathione Reductase; Membrane Potentials; Microbial Viability; Mutation; Oxidation-Reduction; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2015 |
Breastmilk-Saliva Interactions Boost Innate Immunity by Regulating the Oral Microbiome in Early Infancy.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hypoxanthine; Immunity, Innate; Infant, Newborn; Male; Microbiota; Milk, Human; Mouth; Nucleotides; Saliva; Thiocyanates; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2015 |
Quercetin and hydroxytyrosol attenuates xanthine/xanthine oxidase-induced toxicity in H9c2 cardiomyocytes by regulation of oxidative stress and stress-sensitive signaling pathways.
Topics: Animals; Cardiotonic Agents; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Myocytes, Cardiac; Oxidative Stress; Phenylethyl Alcohol; Quercetin; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Signal Transduction; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2015 |
Streptomyces coelicolor XdhR is a direct target of (p)ppGpp that controls expression of genes encoding xanthine dehydrogenase to promote purine salvage.
Topics: Allopurinol; Escherichia coli; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Guanosine Pentaphosphate; Guanosine Triphosphate; Homeostasis; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Purines; Streptomyces coelicolor; Transcription Factors; Transcription, Genetic; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase | 2016 |
Label-Free Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Approach for High-Throughput Screening of Biocatalysts.
Topics: Biocatalysis; High-Throughput Screening Assays; Hypoxanthine; Molecular Structure; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Surface Properties; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2016 |
Modeling and Simulation for Estimating the Influence of Renal Dysfunction on the Hypouricemic Effect of Febuxostat in Hyperuricemic Patients Due to Overproduction or Underexcretion of Uric Acid.
Topics: Computer Simulation; Febuxostat; Gout Suppressants; Humans; Hyperuricemia; Models, Biological; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2016 |
An investigation of the antiplatelet effects of succinobucol (AGI-1067).
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Antioxidants; Blood Platelets; Blood Pressure; Collagen; Heart Rate; Iliac Artery; Male; Myography; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Platelet Function Tests; Platelet-Rich Plasma; Probucol; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tissue Culture Techniques; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2017 |
Induced sub-lethal oxidative damage affects osmotic tolerance and cryosurvival of spermatozoa.
Topics: Animals; Cell Survival; Cryopreservation; Horses; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; Semen Preservation; Sperm Motility; Spermatozoa; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2017 |
Inkjet-Printing Enzyme Inhibitory Assay Based on Determination of Ejection Volume.
Topics: Antioxidants; Color; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Enzyme Inhibitors; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Ink; Nitroblue Tetrazolium; Printing; Solutions; Superoxide Dismutase; Surface Properties; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2017 |
The renal phenotype of allopurinol-treated HPRT-deficient mouse.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nephritis; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2017 |
Associations of plasma uric acid and purine metabolites with blood pressure in children: the KOALA Birth Cohort Study.
Topics: Blood Pressure; Child; Cohort Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diastole; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Hypoxanthine; Male; Purines; Systole; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2017 |
HDAC2 is required by the physiological concentration of glucocorticoid to inhibit inflammation in cardiac fibroblasts.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cytokines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Down-Regulation; Fibroblasts; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Glucocorticoids; Histone Deacetylase 2; Hydrocortisone; Inflammation; Male; Myocardium; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2017 |
Phosphate-Linked Silibinin Dimers (PLSd): New Promising Modified Metabolites.
Topics: Antioxidants; Cell Survival; Dimerization; Free Radical Scavengers; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Hydroxyl Radical; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Phosphates; Polyphenols; Reactive Oxygen Species; Silybin; Silymarin; Solubility; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2017 |
Xanthine oxidase functionalized Ta
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Fiber Optic Technology; Nanotubes; Nanowires; Optical Fibers; Oxides; Silver; Surface Plasmon Resonance; Tantalum; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2018 |
Oxidative activation of leinamycin E1 triggers alkylation of guanine residues in double-stranded DNA.
Topics: Alkylation; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; DNA; DNA Damage; Ferric Compounds; Guanine; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lactams, Macrocyclic; Oxidation-Reduction; Prodrugs; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2018 |
Hereditary xanthinuria is not so rare disorder of purine metabolism.
Topics: Adult; Aldehyde Oxidase; Allopurinol; Child; Child, Preschool; Czech Republic; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Purines; Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors; Uric Acid; Urinary Calculi; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase | 2018 |
Thiopurine-induced toxicity is associated with dysfunction variant of the human molybdenum cofactor sulfurase gene (xanthinuria type II).
Topics: Adult; Aldehyde Oxidase; Female; Humans; Mercaptopurine; Methyltransferases; Polymorphism, Genetic; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Sulfurtransferases; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2018 |
Xanthine calculi in a patient with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome and factor V Leiden treated with allopurinol: case report.
Topics: Allopurinol; Antimetabolites; Child; Factor V; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Male; Point Mutation; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2018 |
An in-depth view of potential dual effect of thymol in inhibiting xanthine oxidase activity: Electrochemical measurements in combination with four way PARAFAC analysis and molecular docking insights.
Topics: Adsorption; Animals; Cattle; Electrochemistry; Enzyme Inhibitors; Molecular Docking Simulation; Oxidation-Reduction; Protein Conformation; Structure-Activity Relationship; Surface Properties; Thymol; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2018 |
Recurrent kidney stones in a child with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome: Answers.
Topics: Allopurinol; Child, Preschool; Fluid Therapy; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Kidney; Kidney Calculi; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Male; Mutation; Potassium Citrate; Recurrence; Renal Elimination; Ultrasonography; Urine; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2019 |
Accumulation of uric acid in the epidermis forms the white integument of Samia ricini larvae.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Color; DNA; Epidermis; Female; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Larva; Male; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Moths; Phylogeny; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2018 |
A zebrafish (danio rerio) model for high-throughput screening food and drugs with uric acid-lowering activity.
Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Anserine; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; High-Throughput Screening Assays; Hyperuricemia; Larva; Oxonic Acid; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Zebrafish | 2019 |
Deciphering the inhibition effect of thymoquinone on xanthine oxidase activity using differential pulse voltammetry in combination with theoretical studies.
Topics: Animals; Benzoquinones; Catalytic Domain; Cattle; Electrochemical Techniques; Enzyme Inhibitors; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Graphite; Kinetics; Molecular Docking Simulation; Oxidation-Reduction; Protein Conformation; Structure-Activity Relationship; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2019 |
Inhibiting PNP for the therapy of hyperuricemia in Lesch-Nyhan disease: Preliminary in vitro studies with analogues of immucillin-G.
Topics: Allopurinol; Cells, Cultured; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Hyperuricemia; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase; Purines; Pyrimidinones; Pyrroles; Reproducibility of Results; Uric Acid; Xanthine | 2019 |
Methods for determining the reduction potentials of flavin enzymes.
Topics: Benzyl Viologen; Enzyme Assays; Flavins; Flavoproteins; Indicators and Reagents; Oxidation-Reduction; Paraquat; Potentiometry; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2019 |
Inhibitory Effects of Quercetin and Its Human and Microbial Metabolites on Xanthine Oxidase Enzyme.
Topics: Allopurinol; Catalysis; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Structure; Oxidation-Reduction; Protein Binding; Quercetin; Structure-Activity Relationship; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2019 |
Electrochemical xanthine detection by enzymatic method based on Ag doped ZnO nanoparticles by using polypyrrole.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Electrochemical Techniques; Enzymes, Immobilized; Food Analysis; Limit of Detection; Nanoparticles; Polymers; Pyrroles; Seafood; Silver; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Zinc Oxide | 2019 |
Colorimetric determination of xanthine in urine based on peroxidase-like activity of WO
Topics: Animals; Benzidines; Biomimetic Materials; Catalysis; Cattle; Chromogenic Compounds; Colorimetry; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Limit of Detection; Nanostructures; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxides; Peroxidase; Tungsten; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2019 |
ATMP-induced three-dimensional conductive polymer hydrogel scaffold for a novel enhanced solid-state electrochemiluminescence biosensor.
Topics: Ammonium Sulfate; Aniline Compounds; Biosensing Techniques; Cyclic AMP; Electrochemical Techniques; Hydrogels; Hydrogen Peroxide; Limit of Detection; Luminol; Metal Nanoparticles; Polymers; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2019 |
A novel mutation in xanthine dehydrogenase in a case with xanthinuria in Hunan province of China.
Topics: Aldehyde Oxidase; China; Humans; Mutation; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase | 2020 |
Inhibition of Xanthine Oxidase-Catalyzed Xanthine and 6-Mercaptopurine Oxidation by Flavonoid Aglycones and Some of Their Conjugates.
Topics: Allopurinol; Catalysis; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Flavonoids; Mercaptopurine; Oxidation-Reduction; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2020 |
Monodispersed gold nanoparticles entrapped in ordered mesoporous carbon/silica nanocomposites as xanthine oxidase mimic for electrochemical sensing of xanthine.
Topics: Carbon; Electrochemical Techniques; Gold; Metal Nanoparticles; Silicon Dioxide; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2020 |
Urine Xanthine Crystals in Hematologic Malignancies with Tumor Lysis Syndrome.
Topics: Allopurinol; Hematologic Neoplasms; Humans; Microscopy; Neoplasms; Nephrolithiasis; Tumor Lysis Syndrome; Urinalysis; Xanthine | 2022 |
Semi-mechanistic Modeling of Hypoxanthine, Xanthine, and Uric Acid Metabolism in Asphyxiated Neonates.
Topics: Allopurinol; Clinical Studies as Topic; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxia; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Infant, Newborn; Mannitol; Oxypurinol; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthine Dehydrogenase | 2022 |
Release of hepatic xanthine oxidase (XO) to the circulation is protective in intravascular hemolytic crisis.
Topics: Animals; Hemin; Hemolysis; Liver; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Oxidants; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 2023 |
Simple assay for quantifying xanthine oxidase activity.
Topics: Hydrogen Peroxide; Oxidation-Reduction; Superoxides; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase | 2023 |