1-methyluric acid profile

1-methyluric acid is not a recognized chemical compound. It's likely that you are referring to **1-methylxanthine**, a purine alkaloid closely related to caffeine.

Here's what you need to know about 1-methylxanthine:

* **Chemical Structure:** 1-methylxanthine has a similar chemical structure to caffeine, differing only in the position of a methyl group (CH3).
* **Occurrence:** It naturally occurs in various plants, including tea and coffee, though in smaller amounts than caffeine.
* **Pharmacological Effects:** Like caffeine, 1-methylxanthine has stimulant effects on the central nervous system, acting as an adenosine antagonist. It can also increase alertness, improve cognitive function, and have bronchodilator properties.

**Why it's Important for Research:**

1. **Understanding Purine Metabolism:** 1-methylxanthine is a valuable tool for studying purine metabolism and the role of adenosine in various physiological processes.
2. **Development of New Drugs:** Researchers are investigating the potential of 1-methylxanthine and its derivatives for treating conditions like asthma, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.
3. **Cognitive Enhancement:** The stimulant effects of 1-methylxanthine make it an interesting subject for research on cognitive enhancement and improving memory and attention.
4. **Food Science:** Researchers are exploring the role of 1-methylxanthine in the taste and aroma of coffee and tea.

**Important Note:** 1-methylxanthine's pharmacological effects are less potent than caffeine, and its safety profile is still under investigation.

If you have any further questions about 1-methylxanthine or its potential uses, please feel free to ask!

1-methyluric acid : An oxopurine that is 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione substituted by a methyl group at N-1. It is one of the metabolites of caffeine found in human urine. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	69726
CHEMBL ID	793
CHEBI ID	68441
SCHEMBL ID	235671
MeSH ID	M0096497

Synonym
1-methyluric acid
708-79-2
chebi:68441 ,
CHEMBL793
1-methyl-7,9-dihydro-3h-purine-2,6,8-trione
1-methyl-7,9-dihydro-1h-purine-2,6,8(3h)-trione
1-methylurate
einecs 211-905-7
unii-2ws4hq639j
2ws4hq639j ,
7,9-dihydro-1-methyl-1h-purine-2,6,8(3h)-trione
FT-0672361
1-methyl-2,6,8-trihydroxypurine
1h-purine-2,6,8(3h)-trione,7,9-dihydro-1-methyl-
SCHEMBL235671
DTXSID70221063
1-methyl-1h-purine-2,6,8(3h,7h,9h)-trione
W-203591
QFDRTQONISXGJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
uric acid, 1-methyl-
1-methyl-2,3,6,7,8,9-hexahydro-1h-purine-2,6,8-trione
1-methyluric acid, >=98.0% (hplc)
AKOS027320548
HY-W010031
CS-W010747
1h-purine-2,6,8(3h)-trione, 7,9-dihydro-1-methyl-
FT-0672362
1173022-91-7
Q27136940
1-methyluric acid-13c4,15n3
PD099505

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"In the present study we have investigated the use of caffeine, administered in the form of instant coffee, as a prodrug for 1MX to validate the use of the 1MU:1MX ratio following caffeine administration as a pharmacodynamic measure of oxypurinol effect on xanthine oxidase."	( 1-Methylxanthine derived from caffeine as a pharmacodynamic probe of oxypurinol effect. Birkett, DJ; Day, RO; Lillywhite, KJ; Miners, JO; Valente, L, 1997)	0.3

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Dosing with theophylline was used to produce 1MX as an intermediate metabolite in six healthy volunteers."	( 1-Methylxanthine derived from theophylline as an in vivo biochemical probe of allopurinol effect. Birkett, DJ; Day, RO; Miners, JO, 1991)	0.28
" Dosage of each quinolone was 200 mg twice daily for four days, starting three days prior to the theophylline infusion."	( Drug-drug interactions affecting fluoroquinolones. Guelen, PJ; Janssen, TJ; Vree, TB; Wijnands, GJ, 1989)	0.28
", twice daily for 11 days in a sustained release dosage form."	( Enoxacin--a potent inhibitor of theophylline metabolism. Beckmann, J; Elsässer, W; Gundert-Remy, U; Hertrampf, R, 1987)	0.27
"Differences in plasma theophylline clearance (ClT) and metabolism between smoking and nonsmoking normal subjects were examined by analysis of plasma and urinary theophylline concentrations and of urinary metabolite concentrations under steady-state oral dosing conditions."	( Cigarette smoking and theophylline clearance and metabolism. Birkett, DJ; Grygiel, JJ, 1981)	0.26
"The relationship between the plasma oxypurinol (the active metabolite of allopurinol) concentration at the midpoint of each caffeine dosage interval and the decrement in the urinary 1MX to 1MU ratio fitted well by a sigmoid Emax model."	( 1-Methylxanthine derived from caffeine as a pharmacodynamic probe of oxypurinol effect. Birkett, DJ; Day, RO; Lillywhite, KJ; Miners, JO; Valente, L, 1997)	0.3
" After drug-induced hepatitis, a caffeine test might be used to check the total recovery or to choose an adapted dosage of medicines."	( Caffeine metabolism differences in acute hepatitis of viral and drug origin. Bechtel, PR; Bechtel, YC; Brientini, MP; David-Laroche, M; Lelouët, H; Miguet, JP; Paintaud, G, )	0.13
" This dosage of aciclovir did not change the activity of 7-ethoxyresorufin O-dealkylation, which is represented as CYP1A2 activity."	( Lack of effect of aciclovir on metabolism of theophylline and expression of hepatic cytochrome P450 1A2 in rats. Hasegawa, T; Kato, M; Kimura, M; Nadai, M; Tsunekawa, Y; Ueyama, J; Yasui, K; Yoshizumi, H; Zhao, YL, 2007)	0.34
"Any sampling interval at least 4 h after caffeine dosing is suitable for NAT2 and XO activity assessments."	( Phenotyping of N-acetyltransferase type 2 and xanthine oxidase with caffeine: when should urine samples be collected? Fuhr, U; Jetter, A; Kinzig, M; Rodamer, M; Sörgel, F; Tomalik-Scharte, D, 2009)	0.35

Role	Description
human xenobiotic metabolite	Any human metabolite produced by metabolism of a xenobiotic compound in humans.
mouse metabolite	Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in a mouse (Mus musculus).
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
oxopurine
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathway	Proteins	Compounds
Caffeine Pathway, Pharmacokinetics	6	6
Caffeine Metabolism	8	21
theophylline degradation	3	15
Caffeine and theobromine metabolism	0	11

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID54305	Tested for antioxidant activity using bovine heart mitochondria and iron(II) / dihydroxy fumaric acid (DHF) at 100 uM	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 36, Issue:10	Long-chain-substituted uric acid and 5,6-diaminouracil derivatives as novel agents against free radical processes: synthesis and in vitro activity.
AID230361	Reducing activity to scavenge 10 uM 1, 1-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH)	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 36, Issue:10	Long-chain-substituted uric acid and 5,6-diaminouracil derivatives as novel agents against free radical processes: synthesis and in vitro activity.
AID453744	Inhibition of Escherichia coli recombinant N-terminal hexahistidine-tagged CTP synthetase expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) assessed as inhibition of CTP formation by continuous spectrophotometric assay in presence of 150 mM NH4Cl	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1	Inhibition of CTP synthase from Escherichia coli by xanthines and uric acids.
AID252792	Insulin release in rat pancreatic beta-cells after 15 minutes of administration at 1 mM was measured	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 15, Issue:4	Uric acid may inhibit glucose-induced insulin secretion via binding to an essential arginine residue in rat pancreatic beta-cells.
AID227566	Percent inhibition at 100 uM against peroxidation of methyl linoleate / DMVN in TBA /methanol medium at 40 degree Centigrade	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 36, Issue:10	Long-chain-substituted uric acid and 5,6-diaminouracil derivatives as novel agents against free radical processes: synthesis and in vitro activity.
AID453747	Inhibition of Escherichia coli recombinant N-terminal hexahistidine-tagged CTP synthetase expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) assessed as inhibition of CTP formation by continuous spectrophotometric assay in presence of 10 mM L-glutamine and 0.15 mM	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1	Inhibition of CTP synthase from Escherichia coli by xanthines and uric acids.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	22 (32.84)	18.7374
1990's	19 (28.36)	18.2507
2000's	16 (23.88)	29.6817
2010's	10 (14.93)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	6 (8.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	0 (0.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	2 (2.67%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	67 (89.33%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
adenine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	6-aminopurines; purine nucleobase	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
allantoin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione; ureas	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; vulnerary
uracil 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder	5.28	20	0	pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone	allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
uric acid Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.. 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6.. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8.	10	70	3	uric acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
xanthine 7H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-7 is protonated.. 9H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-9 is protonated.	2.73	3	0	xanthine	Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
theophylline [no description available]	7.44	46	3	dimethylxanthine	adenosine receptor antagonist; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory agent; bronchodilator agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; immunomodulator; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent
caffeine [no description available]	7.01	29	1	purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine	adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
enoxacin Enoxacin: A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent that is structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID.. enoxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with an ethyl group at the 1 position, a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 7 position. An antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of urinary-tract infections and gonorrhoea.	4.46	5	1	1,8-naphthyridine derivative; amino acid; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
fluconazole Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.	3.37	1	1	conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	environmental contaminant; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
isoniazid Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).	1.98	1	0	carbohydrazide	antitubercular agent; drug allergen
metoprolol Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1.	1.98	1	0	aromatic ether; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
mexiletine Mexiletine: Antiarrhythmic agent pharmacologically similar to LIDOCAINE. It may have some anticonvulsant properties.. mexiletine : An aromatic ether which is 2,6-dimethylphenyl ether of 2-aminopropan-1-ol.	2.38	2	0	aromatic ether; primary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
ofloxacin Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.	1.97	1	0	3-oxo monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; oxazinoquinoline
oxonic acid Oxonic Acid: Antagonist of urate oxidase.	2.02	1	0	1,3,5-triazines; monocarboxylic acid
1,7-dimethylxanthine 1,7-dimethylxanthine : A dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 1 and 7. It is a metabolite of caffeine and theobromine in animals.	4.02	14	0	dimethylxanthine	central nervous system stimulant; human blood serum metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
probenecid Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups.	1.98	1	0	benzoic acids; sulfonamide	uricosuric drug
sulfamethazine Sulfamethazine: A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.. sulfamethazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with methyl substituents at the 4- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	1.97	1	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ligand; xenobiotic
terfenadine Terfenadine: A selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist devoid of central nervous system depressant activity. The drug was used for ALLERGY but withdrawn due to causing LONG QT SYNDROME.	1.97	1	0	diarylmethane
theobromine Theobromine: 3,7-Dimethylxanthine. The principle alkaloid in Theobroma cacao (the cacao bean) and other plants. A xanthine alkaloid that is used as a bronchodilator and as a vasodilator. It has a weaker diuretic activity than THEOPHYLLINE and is also a less powerful stimulant of smooth muscle. It has practically no stimulant effect on the central nervous system. It was formerly used as a diuretic and in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, pp1318-9). theobromine : A dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 3 and 7. A purine alkaloid derived from the cacao plant, it is found in chocolate, as well as in a number of other foods, and is a vasodilator, diuretic and heart stimulator.	2.46	2	0	dimethylxanthine	adenosine receptor antagonist; bronchodilator agent; food component; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent
uridine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	uridines	drug metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite
aminophylline Aminophylline: A drug combination that contains THEOPHYLLINE and ethylenediamine. It is more soluble in water than theophylline but has similar pharmacologic actions. It's most common use is in bronchial asthma, but it has been investigated for several other applications.. aminophylline : A mixture comprising of theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio.	2.67	3	0	mixture	bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug
erythromycin Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.	2.36	2	0	cyclic ketone; erythromycin
d-alpha tocopherol Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.	1.98	1	0	alpha-tocopherol	algal metabolite; antiatherogenic agent; anticoagulant; antioxidant; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; immunomodulator; micronutrient; nutraceutical; plant metabolite
pcb 118 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	dichlorobenzene; pentachlorobiphenyl; trichlorobenzene
2,4,5,2',5'-pentachlorobiphenyl [no description available]	2.03	1	0
6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid [no description available]	1.98	1	0	chromanol; monocarboxylic acid; phenols	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; radical scavenger; Wnt signalling inhibitor
adenosine quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit	2.05	1	0	adenosines; purines D-ribonucleoside	analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; vasodilator agent
1,3-dimethyluric acid 1,3-dimethyluric acid : An oxopurine that is 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trionesubstituted by methyl groups at N-1 and N-3.	12.12	33	3	oxopurine	metabolite
3-methylxanthine 3-methyl-9H-xanthine : A 3-methylxanthine tautomer where the imidazole proton is located at the 9-position.. 3-methyl-7H-xanthine : A 3-methylxanthine tautomer where the imidazole proton is located at the 7-position.	6.77	23	3	3-methylxanthine	metabolite
1,3,7,9-tetramethyluric acid 1,3,7,9-tetramethyluric acid: RN from CHEMID. 1,3,7,9-tetramethyluric acid : An oxopurine that is uric acid in which the hydrogens at positions 1,3,7 and 9 are replaced by methyl groups. It is a purine alkaloid that is found in Chinese tea known as kucha (Camellia assamica var. kucha) and exhibits anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.	2.05	1	0	oxopurine; purine alkaloid	analgesic; anti-inflammatory agent; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
5,6-diamino-2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine 5,6-diamino-2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent compound. 5,6-diaminouracil : An aminouracil in which the ring hydrogens at positions 5 and 6 on uracil have been replaced by amino groups.	1.98	1	0	aminouracil; diamine; pyrimidone
1,3,7-trimethylurate 1,3,7-trimethylurate : An organic anion obtained by deprotonation of 1,3,7-trimethyluric acid.. 1,3,7-trimethyluric acid : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8, and the nitrogens at positions 1, 3, and 7 are substituted by methyl groups. It is a metabolite of caffeine.	2.48	2	0	oxopurine	human blood serum metabolite; human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
1-methylxanthine 1-methylxanthine: urinary metabolite of caffeine. 1-methylxanthine : A monomethylxanthine having the methyl group located at the 1-position. It is a metabolite of caffeine in humans.. 1-methyl-7H-xanthine : A 1-methylxanthine tautomer where the imidazole proton is located at the 7-position.	6.89	30	0	1-methylxanthine	mouse metabolite
3,7-dimethyluric acid 3,7-dimethyluric acid: structure given in first source. 3,7-dimethyluric acid : An oxopurine that is 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione substituted by methyl groups at N-3 and N-7.	2.41	2	0	oxopurine	metabolite; mouse metabolite
5-acetylamino-6-amino-3-methyluracil 5-acetylamino-6-amino-3-methyluracil: metabolite of caffeine	3.26	6	0	aromatic amide
1,7-dimethyluric acid 1,7-dimethyluric acid: urinary metabolite of caffeine. 1,7-dimethyluric acid : An oxopurine that is 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione substituted by methyl groups at N-1 and N-7. It is a metabolite of caffeine and is often found in human urine samples.	3.8	11	0	oxopurine	human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
5-acetylamino-6-formylamino-3-methyluracil 5-acetylamino-6-formylamino-3-methyluracil: metabolite of caffeine	5.07	16	0	formamidopyrimidine	mouse metabolite
4-oxo-enoxacin 4-oxo-enoxacin: enoxacin metabolite	1.97	1	0
hydroxyl radical Hydroxyl Radical: The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent.	2.06	1	0	oxygen hydride; oxygen radical; reactive oxygen species
troleandomycin Troleandomycin: A macrolide antibiotic that is similar to ERYTHROMYCIN.. troleandomycin : A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic obtained by acetylation of the three free hydroxy groups of oleandomycin. Troleandomycin is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.	1.96	1	0	acetate ester; epoxide; macrolide antibiotic; monosaccharide derivative; polyketide; semisynthetic derivative	EC 1.14.13.97 (taurochenodeoxycholate 6alpha-hydroxylase) inhibitor; xenobiotic
ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.	2.02	1	0	ascorbic acid; vitamin C	coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
acyclovir Acyclovir: A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.. acyclovir : An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections.	2.03	1	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine	antimetabolite; antiviral drug
hypoxanthine [no description available]	2.02	1	0	nucleobase analogue; oxopurine; purine nucleobase	fundamental metabolite
oxypurinol Oxypurinol: A xanthine oxidase inhibitor.. alloxanthine : A pyrazolopyrimidine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine substituted by oxo groups at positions 4 and 6.	2.39	2	0	pyrazolopyrimidine	drug metabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor
8-azaxanthine methanochondroitin: a heteropolysaccharide from cell wall which resembles the eukaryotic chondroitin	2.02	1	0	triazolopyrimidines
allopurinol Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.	5.74	11	0	nucleobase analogue; organic heterobicyclic compound	antimetabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor; gout suppressant; radical scavenger

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Hyperuricemia Excessive URIC ACID or urate in blood as defined by its solubility in plasma at 37 degrees C; greater than 0.42mmol per liter (7.0mg/dL) in men or 0.36mmol per liter (6.0mg/dL) in women. This condition is caused by overproduction of uric acid or impaired renal clearance. Hyperuricemia can be acquired, drug-induced or genetically determined (LESCH-NYHAN SYNDROME). It is associated with HYPERTENSION and GOUT.	2.02	1	0
Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.	2.91	4	0
Apnea A transient absence of spontaneous respiration.	2.44	2	0
Cardiometabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components not only include metabolic dysfunctions of METABOLIC SYNDROME but also HYPERTENSION, and ABDOMINAL OBESITY.	2.04	1	0
Insulin Sensitivity [description not available]	2.04	1	0
Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.	2.04	1	0
Metabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components of metabolic syndrome include ABDOMINAL OBESITY; atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (THROMBOSIS) state.	2.04	1	0
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.46	2	0
Elevated Cholesterol [description not available]	2.01	1	0
Compensatory Hyperinsulinemia A GLUCOSE-induced HYPERINSULINEMIA, a marker of insulin-resistant state. It is a mechanism to compensate for reduced sensitivity to insulin.	7.42	17	0
Hypercholesterolemia A condition with abnormally high levels of CHOLESTEROL in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th percentile for the population.	2.01	1	0
Hyperinsulinism A syndrome with excessively high INSULIN levels in the BLOOD. It may cause HYPOGLYCEMIA. Etiology of hyperinsulinism varies, including hypersecretion of a beta cell tumor (INSULINOMA); autoantibodies against insulin (INSULIN ANTIBODIES); defective insulin receptor (INSULIN RESISTANCE); or overuse of exogenous insulin or HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS.	7.42	17	0
Hypertriglyceridemia A condition of elevated levels of TRIGLYCERIDES in the blood.	2.01	1	0
Kidney Stones [description not available]	7.03	1	0
Chronic Kidney Failure [description not available]	2.4	2	0
Kidney Calculi Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.	2.03	1	0
Kidney Failure, Chronic The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.	2.4	2	0
Asthma, Bronchial [description not available]	4.06	3	1
Asthma A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).	4.06	3	1
Bronchitis Inflammation of the large airways in the lung including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to the TERTIARY BRONCHI.	3.35	1	1
Diathesis [description not available]	1.98	1	0
Bladder Cancer [description not available]	1.98	1	0
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.	1.98	1	0
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell A malignant neoplasm derived from TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIAL CELLS, occurring chiefly in the URINARY BLADDER; URETERS; or RENAL PELVIS.	1.98	1	0
Celiac Sprue [description not available]	2	1	0
Celiac Disease A malabsorption syndrome that is precipitated by the ingestion of foods containing GLUTEN, such as wheat, rye, and barley. It is characterized by INFLAMMATION of the SMALL INTESTINE, loss of MICROVILLI structure, failed INTESTINAL ABSORPTION, and MALNUTRITION.	2	1	0
Anoxemia [description not available]	1.97	1	0
Obstructive Lung Diseases [description not available]	2.37	2	0
Hypoxia Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms.	1.97	1	0
Lung Diseases, Obstructive Any disorder marked by obstruction of conducting airways of the lung. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION may be acute, chronic, intermittent, or persistent.	2.37	2	0
Cystic Fibrosis of Pancreas [description not available]	3.35	1	1
Cystic Fibrosis An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.	3.35	1	1
Absence Seizure [description not available]	1.96	1	0
Seizures Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.	1.96	1	0
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	1.96	1	0

1-methyluric acid

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Research Demand Index: 33.50

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