Page last updated: 2024-09-24

1-methylxanthine

Description

1-methylxanthine: urinary metabolite of caffeine [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

1-methylxanthine : A monomethylxanthine having the methyl group located at the 1-position. It is a metabolite of caffeine in humans. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

1-methyl-7H-xanthine : A 1-methylxanthine tautomer where the imidazole proton is located at the 7-position. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID80220
CHEMBL ID1250
CHEBI ID68444
SCHEMBL ID10996
SCHEMBL ID9467551
SCHEMBL ID12037451
MeSH IDM0150455

Synonyms (76)

Synonym
unii-7ee8wca32u
7ee8wca32u ,
BSPBIO_003328
DIVK1C_006889
SDCCGMLS-0066848.P001
1-methyl-3,7-dihydropurine-2,6-dione
SPECTRUM_000233
SPECTRUM4_001810
MLS001333144
1-methyl-3,9-dihydropurine-2,6-dione
6136-37-4
1-methylxanthine
1-methyl-3,9-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione
NCGC00095783-01
einecs 228-108-5
1h-purine-2,6-dione, 3,7-dihydro-1-methyl-
3,7-dihydro-1-methyl-1h-purine-2,6-dione
xanthine, 1-methyl-
ccris 5816
KBIO3_002548
KBIO2_000713
KBIOGR_002423
KBIO2_005849
KBIO1_001833
KBIO2_003281
KBIOSS_000713
SPECTRUM3_001714
SPECPLUS_000793
SPECTRUM2_001195
SPBIO_001269
SPECTRUM2300329
OPREA1_807160
SPECTRUM5_000519
smr000857247
MLS001333143
1-methylxanthine, >=97.0% (hplc)
chebi:68444 ,
CHEMBL1250 ,
1-methyl-3,9-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione(1-methyl xanthine)
bdbm82020
cas_80220
nsc_80220
2,6-dihydroxy-1-methylpurine
AKOS006229655
1-methyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione
AKOS015919510
HMS2233F07
CCG-38576
FT-0635988
1h-purine-2,6-dione, 3,7-dihydro-1-methyl-;1-methyl-3,7-dihydro-1h-purine-2,6-dione
1-methyl-7h-xanthine
1-methyl-3,7-dihydro-1h-purine-2,6-dione
HMS3371B10
1h-purine-2,6-dione, 3,9-dihydro-1-methyl-
SCHEMBL10996
SCHEMBL9467551
1-methyl xanthine
1-methyl-3,7-dihydro-1h-purine-2,6-dione #
SCHEMBL12037451
1-methyl-1h-purine-2,6(3h,7h)-dione
AC-28113
M2432
mfcd00005561
DTXSID30210271
1-methyl-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1h-purine-2,6-dione
CS-W008449
GS-3924
1-methylxanthine, 98%
FT-0672369
Q27136943
SY021722
AMY15683
HY-W008449
EN300-157358
Z1741978160
PD094025

Roles (1)

RoleDescription
mouse metaboliteAny mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in a mouse (Mus musculus).
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
1-methylxanthineA monomethylxanthine having the methyl group located at the 1-position. It is a metabolite of caffeine in humans.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathways (4)

1-methylxanthine is involved in 4 pathway(s), involving a total of 17 unique proteins and 53 unique compounds

PathwayProteinsCompounds
Caffeine Pathway, Pharmacokinetics66
Caffeine Metabolism821
theophylline degradation315
Caffeine and theobromine metabolism011

Protein Targets (10)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Chain A, Beta-lactamaseEscherichia coli K-12Potency3.98110.044717.8581100.0000AID485294
USP1 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency8.91250.031637.5844354.8130AID743255
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency3.26430.004611.374133.4983AID624296
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Thyroid hormone receptor betaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki9.00000.00591.36889.0000AID32323
Adenosine receptor A1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki17.75000.00011.20929.9700AID32039; AID32323; AID32490
Adenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.90000.00001.06099.7920AID30797
Adenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.90000.00021.635210.0000AID30797
Adenosine receptor A2bRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki20.88000.00061.353610.0000AID187182; AID30797; AID33579
Adenosine receptor A2aRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki20.88000.00021.494010.0000AID187182; AID30797; AID33579
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)200.00000.00132.81389.8200AID287937
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Adenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)75.90000.00030.708110.0000AID74022
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (88)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
synaptic transmission, dopaminergicAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
response to amphetamineAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
phagocytosisAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
inflammatory responseAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
cellular defense responseAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
cell-cell signalingAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic transmission, cholinergicAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
central nervous system developmentAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
blood coagulationAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
sensory perceptionAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
locomotory behaviorAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
blood circulationAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substanceAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of glutamate secretionAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of acetylcholine secretion, neurotransmissionAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of norepinephrine secretionAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
response to purine-containing compoundAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
response to caffeineAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergicAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic transmission, glutamatergicAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of urine volumeAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
vasodilationAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
eating behaviorAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of vascular permeabilityAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuron apoptotic processAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleepAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell activationAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
astrocyte activationAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
neuron projection morphogenesisAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein secretionAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory responseAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane potentialAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
membrane depolarizationAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of calcium ion transportAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergicAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
excitatory postsynaptic potentialAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
inhibitory postsynaptic potentialAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
prepulse inhibitionAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
apoptotic signaling pathwayAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmissionAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiationAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathwayAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor signaling pathwayAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor signaling pathwayAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of chronic inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulusAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
activation of adenylate cyclase activityAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor productionAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cGMP-mediated signalingAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
cGMP-mediated signalingAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of chemokine productionAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-6 productionAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
mast cell degranulationAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mast cell degranulationAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
relaxation of vascular associated smooth muscleAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmissionAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
vasodilationAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
allantoin metabolic processXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein phosphorylationXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferationXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
guanine catabolic processXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
inosine catabolic processXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
deoxyinosine catabolic processXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
adenosine catabolic processXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
deoxyadenosine catabolic processXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
deoxyguanosine catabolic processXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
AMP catabolic processXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
IMP catabolic processXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
lactationXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
hypoxanthine catabolic processXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
xanthine catabolic processXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expressionXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
iron-sulfur cluster assemblyXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
amide catabolic processXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of endothelial cell differentiationXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
GMP catabolic processXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
dGMP catabolic processXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
dAMP catabolic processXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transductionXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of p38MAPK cascadeXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathwayXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of vasculogenesisXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (20)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor activityAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
calmodulin bindingAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
lipid bindingAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor bindingAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex bindingAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
alpha-actinin bindingAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor activityAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor activityAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor activityAdenosine receptor A2aRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
xanthine dehydrogenase activityXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
xanthine oxidase activityXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
iron ion bindingXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
molybdopterin cofactor bindingXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
flavin adenine dinucleotide bindingXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster bindingXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
hypoxanthine dehydrogenase activityXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
hypoxanthine oxidase activityXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
FAD bindingXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (18)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
plasma membraneAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
intermediate filamentAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
membraneAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
dendriteAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
axolemmaAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
asymmetric synapseAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
presynaptic membraneAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell bodyAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic membraneAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
presynaptic active zoneAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapseAdenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapseAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
presynapseAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapseAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAdenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi membraneAdenosine receptor A2aRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
cytosolXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
peroxisomeXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
sarcoplasmic reticulumXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceXanthine dehydrogenase/oxidaseHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (39)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID55471Binding affinity to DNA intercalator Acridine orange.2001Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-20, Volume: 44, Issue:26
Structural basis for the binding affinity of xanthines with the DNA intercalator acridine orange.
AID32155Affinity against adenosine A1 receptor in the brain membranes by the displacement of [3H]CPX.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 35, Issue:22
Effects of alkyl substitutions of xanthine skeleton on bronchodilation.
AID30500Affinity against adenosine A2 receptor in the brain membranes measured by the displacement of [3H]-CPX1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 35, Issue:22
Effects of alkyl substitutions of xanthine skeleton on bronchodilation.
AID30807Binding affinity against Adenosine A2 receptor in rat striatal membranes using [3H]5'-(N-ethylcarboxamido)-adenosine (NECA) as the ligand1993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-29, Volume: 36, Issue:22
Synthesis of paraxanthine analogs (1,7-disubstituted xanthines) and other xanthines unsubstituted at the 3-position: structure-activity relationships at adenosine receptors.
AID977599Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID75917Positive chronotropic effect on isolated guinea pig right atrium (heart stimulation).1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 35, Issue:22
Effects of alkyl substitutions of xanthine skeleton on bronchodilation.
AID1810680Stabilization of human recombinant TLX LBD assessed as change in melting temperature at 500 uM by DSF assay2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Propranolol Activates the Orphan Nuclear Receptor TLX to Counteract Proliferation and Migration of Glioblastoma Cells.
AID977602Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B3-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID32323Binding of 1 nM [3H]CHA to Adenosine A1 receptor of rat cerebral cortical membranes1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 31, Issue:10
Benzo[1,2-c:5,4-c']dipyrazoles: non-xanthine adenosine antagonists.
AID30797Inhibition of the stimulation by 5'-(N-ethylcarbamoyl) adenosine of adenyl cyclase via adenosine A2 receptor in human platelet membranes.1989Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 32, Issue:6
Effects of 8-phenyl and 8-cycloalkyl substituents on the activity of mono-, di-, and trisubstituted alkylxanthines with substitution at the 1-, 3-, and 7-positions.
AID227877Ratio of stimulatory activity in right atrium to relaxant activity in tracheal muscle1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 35, Issue:22
Effects of alkyl substitutions of xanthine skeleton on bronchodilation.
AID1810698Inverse agonist activity at in human TLX LBD expressed in human HEK293T cells coexpressing Gal4-VP 16 assessed as fold increase in reporter activity at 100 uM measured after 14 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay relative to control2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Propranolol Activates the Orphan Nuclear Receptor TLX to Counteract Proliferation and Migration of Glioblastoma Cells.
AID32039Binding affinity to A1 adenosine receptor from rat cortical membrane in presence of [3H]R-(phenylisopropyl)-adenosine1994Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-13, Volume: 37, Issue:10
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of deazaxanthines: analogs of potent A1- and A2-adenosine receptor antagonists.
AID679547TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of 6-Carboxyfluorescein uptake by 1-methylxanthine at a concentration of 500uM in OAT1-expressing cell2004Biochemical and biophysical research communications, Jul-16, Volume: 320, Issue:1
Inhibition of the human organic anion transporter 1 by the caffeine metabolite 1-methylxanthine.
AID187182Inhibition of adenosine stimulated accumulation of cyclic AMP at Adenosine A2 receptor of VA13 fibroblasts of rat1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 31, Issue:10
Benzo[1,2-c:5,4-c']dipyrazoles: non-xanthine adenosine antagonists.
AID219846Inhibition of c-AMP phosphodiesterase activity in guinea pig tracheal muscle1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 35, Issue:22
Effects of alkyl substitutions of xanthine skeleton on bronchodilation.
AID33579Binding affinity to A2 adenosine receptor from rat striatal membrane in presence of [3H]5'-(N-ethylcarboximido)-adenosine1994Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-13, Volume: 37, Issue:10
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of deazaxanthines: analogs of potent A1- and A2-adenosine receptor antagonists.
AID74022Relaxant activity on the spontaneous tone of isolated guinea pig tracheal ring chains.1992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 35, Issue:22
Effects of alkyl substitutions of xanthine skeleton on bronchodilation.
AID28659Ability to solubilize benzo(a)pyrene in water was reported by Weil-Malherbe.2001Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-20, Volume: 44, Issue:26
Structural basis for the binding affinity of xanthines with the DNA intercalator acridine orange.
AID227036A1 selectivity is the ratio between A2 and A1 receptor1994Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-13, Volume: 37, Issue:10
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of deazaxanthines: analogs of potent A1- and A2-adenosine receptor antagonists.
AID1810679Inverse agonist activity at full length TLX activating element expressed in human HEK293T cells coexpressing human full-length TLX/Gal4-VP 16 assessed as fold decrease in reporter activity at 100 uM by luciferase reporter gene assay relative to control2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Propranolol Activates the Orphan Nuclear Receptor TLX to Counteract Proliferation and Migration of Glioblastoma Cells.
AID32490Inhibition of 1 nM [3H]- N6- (phenylisopropyl) adenosine binding to Adenosine A1 receptor1989Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 32, Issue:6
Effects of 8-phenyl and 8-cycloalkyl substituents on the activity of mono-, di-, and trisubstituted alkylxanthines with substitution at the 1-, 3-, and 7-positions.
AID287937Inhibition of human xanthine oxidase2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 15, Issue:10
The screening and characterization of 6-aminopurine-based xanthine oxidase inhibitors.
AID31881Binding affinity at Adenosine A1 receptor in rat brain cortical membrane using [3H]N6-R-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) as radioligand1993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-29, Volume: 36, Issue:22
Synthesis of paraxanthine analogs (1,7-disubstituted xanthines) and other xanthines unsubstituted at the 3-position: structure-activity relationships at adenosine receptors.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID1745845Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID651635Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID504810Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID504812Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID1159607Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction2016Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6
A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
AID1159550Human Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) Inhibitor Screening2015Nature cell biology, Nov, Volume: 17, Issue:11
6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase links oxidative PPP, lipogenesis and tumour growth by inhibiting LKB1-AMPK signalling.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (104)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19909 (8.65)18.7374
1990's37 (35.58)18.2507
2000's33 (31.73)29.6817
2010's20 (19.23)24.3611
2020's5 (4.81)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials4 (3.64%)5.53%
Reviews4 (3.64%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other102 (92.73%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research Highlights

Pharmacokinetics (4)

ArticleYear
Reduction in non-glomerular renal clearance of the caffeine metabolite 1-methylxanthine by probenecid.
International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, Volume: 45, Issue: 8
2007
Pharmacokinetics of theophylline metabolites in 8 Chinese patients.
Zhongguo yao li xue bao = Acta pharmacologica Sinica, Volume: 19, Issue: 5
1998
1-Methylxanthine derived from caffeine as a pharmacodynamic probe of oxypurinol effect.
British journal of clinical pharmacology, Volume: 43, Issue: 2
1997
A urinary metabolite ratio that reflects systemic caffeine clearance.
Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, Volume: 42, Issue: 2
1987
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Dosage (4)

ArticleYear
Phenotyping of N-acetyltransferase type 2 and xanthine oxidase with caffeine: when should urine samples be collected?
European journal of clinical pharmacology, Volume: 65, Issue: 4
2009
1-Methylxanthine derived from caffeine as a pharmacodynamic probe of oxypurinol effect.
British journal of clinical pharmacology, Volume: 43, Issue: 2
1997
Caffeine as a potential indicator for acetylator status.
Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics, Volume: 12, Issue: 1
1987
1-Methylxanthine derived from theophylline as an in vivo biochemical probe of allopurinol effect.
British journal of clinical pharmacology, Volume: 32, Issue: 2
1991
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]